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Bone Machine
1992 studio album by Tom Waits

Bone Machine is the eleventh studio album by American singer and musician Tom Waits, released by Island Records on September 8, 1992. It won a Grammy Award for Best Alternative Music Album and features guest appearances by David Hidalgo, Les Claypool, Brain, and Keith Richards. The album marked Waits' return to studio albums, coming five years after Franks Wild Years (1987).

Recorded in a room in the cellar area of Prairie Sun Recording studios, described by Waits as "just a cement floor and a hot water heater", the album is often noted for its rough, stripped-down, percussion-heavy style, as well as its dark lyrical themes revolving around death and decay. The album cover—a blurry, black-and-white, close-up image of Waits screaming while wearing a horned skullcap and protective goggles—was taken by filmmaker Jesse Dylan, son of Bob Dylan. The photo is taken from a freeze frame of the Dylan and Jim Jarmusch directed video for "Goin' Out West". They also directed a video for "I Don't Wanna Grow Up". Bone Machine won the Grammy for Best Alternative Music Album.

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Recording and production

Bone Machine was recorded and produced entirely at the Prairie Sun Recording studios in Cotati, California, in a room of Studio C known as "the Waits Room", located in the old cement hatchery rooms of the cellar of the buildings. Prairie Sun's studio head Mark "Mooka" Rennick said, "[Waits] gravitated toward these 'echo' rooms and created the Bone Machine aural landscape. [...] What we like about Tom is that he is a musicologist. And he has a tremendous ear. His talent is a national treasure."3

Waits said of the bare-bones studio, "I found a great room to work in, it's just a cement floor and a hot water heater. Okay, we'll do it here. It's got some good echo."4 References to the recording environment and process were made in the field-recorded interview segments made for the promotional CD release, Bone Machine: The Operator's Manual, which threaded together full studio tracks and conversation for a pre-recorded radio show format.

Bone Machine was the first Waits album on which he played drums and percussion extensively. In 1992, Waits stated: "I like to play drums when I'm angry. At home I have a metal instrument called a conundrum with a lot of things hanging off it that I've found - metal objects - and I like playing it with a hammer. I love it. Drumming is therapeutic. I wish I'd found it when I was younger."5

Critical reception

Professional ratings
Review scores
SourceRating
AllMusic6
Chicago Tribune7
Entertainment WeeklyA+8
Los Angeles Times9
Mojo10
NME8/1011
Q12
Rolling Stone13
Select5/514
Uncut15

In a rave review for the Los Angeles Times, Chris Willman wrote that "Waits waxes equally fatalistic on morality and mortality" on Bone Machine, and that even "amid all this casual morbidity", the album's "low-fi, home-studio" sounds make the album "so much—in a manner of speaking—fun."16 "Rhythmically," said Greg Kot of the Chicago Tribune, "it's the most varied and impressive group of songs Waits has written, and damaged voice and all, the tunes are unshakable."17 Entertainment Weekly's Billy Altman noted that although listeners may find themselves "shocked, thrilled, or just plain unnerved by some startling image or sound" while listening to Bone Machine, "beneath his hellacious bellows ... and grotesque arrangements ... lurks a caring, humanist heart."18 NME writer Terry Staunton summarized the album as "scary, mournful, morbid and easily one of Tom's best."19

Retrospectively, AllMusic reviewer Steve Huey deemed Bone Machine "Waits' most affecting and powerful recording, even if it isn't his most accessible", noting the album's "chilling, primal sound" and fixation with "decay and mortality, the ease with which earthly existence can be destroyed."20

Bone Machine was included on several "Best Albums of the 1990s" lists, being ranked at No. 49 by Pitchfork21 and No. 53 by Rolling Stone.22 The album was also included in the book 1001 Albums You Must Hear Before You Die.23 Elvis Costello included it on his list of essential albums, highlighting "A Little Rain" and "I Don't Wanna Grow Up".24

Track listing

No.TitleWriter(s)Length
1."Earth Died Screaming"Tom Waits3:39
2."Dirt in the Ground"4:08
3."Such a Scream"Waits2:07
4."All Stripped Down"Waits3:04
5."Who Are You"
  • Waits
  • Brennan
3:58
6."The Ocean Doesn't Want Me"Waits1:51
7."Jesus Gonna Be Here"Waits3:21
8."A Little Rain"
  • Waits
  • Brennan
2:58
9."In the Colosseum"
  • Waits
  • Brennan
4:50
10."Goin' Out West"
  • Waits
  • Brennan
3:19
11."Murder in the Red Barn"
  • Waits
  • Brennan
4:29
12."Black Wings"
  • Waits
  • Brennan
4:37
13."Whistle Down the Wind"Waits4:36
14."I Don't Wanna Grow Up"
  • Waits
  • Brennan
2:31
15."Let Me Get Up on It"Waits0:55
16."That Feel"3:11

Personnel

Performance

  • Tom Waits – lead vocals (all tracks), Chamberlin (1, 6, 9), percussion (1, 3–6, 15), guitar (1, 3, 5, 12, 14, 16), sticks (1), piano (2, 13), upright bass (7), conundrum (9), drums (10–12, 16), acoustic guitar (14)
  • Brain – drums (3, 9)
  • Kathleen Brennan – sticks (1)
  • Ralph Carney – alto saxophone (2, 3), tenor saxophone (2, 3), bass clarinet (2)
  • Les Claypool – bass guitar (1)
  • Joe Gore – guitar (4, 10, 12)
  • David Hidalgo – violin (13), accordion (13)
  • Joe Marquez – sticks (1), banjo (11)
  • David Phillips – pedal steel guitar (8, 13), steel guitar (16)
  • Keith Richards – guitar (16), backing vocals (16)
  • Larry Taylor – upright bass (1, 2, 4, 5, 8–12, 14, 16), guitar (7)
  • Waddy Wachtel – guitar (16)

Production

  • Tom Waits – producer
  • Kathleen Brennan – associate producer
  • Biff Dawes – recording (1–7, 9–12, 14–16)
  • Joe Marquez– recording (8, 13)
  • Tchad Blake – mixing (1–15)
  • Biff Dawes – mixing (1–15)
  • Joe Marquez – mixing (1–15), second engineer
  • Joe Blaney – mixing (16)
  • Shawn Michael Morris – third engineer
  • Bob Ludwig – mastering
  • Frances Thumm – "musical security guard"

Charts

Chart performance for Bone Machine
Chart (1992)Peakposition
Australian Albums (ARIA)2541
Austrian Albums (Ö3 Austria)2622
Dutch Albums (Album Top 100)2731
German Albums (Offizielle Top 100)2842
New Zealand Albums (RMNZ)2936
Norwegian Albums (VG-lista)3015
Swedish Albums (Sverigetopplistan)3138
Swiss Albums (Schweizer Hitparade)3221
UK Albums (OCC)3326
US Billboard 20034176
Sources
  • Montandon, Mac (2005). Innocent When You Dream: Tom Waits the Collected Interviews. Thunder's Mouth Press. ISBN 0-7528-7394-6.

References

  1. "Bone Machine album credits". www.lib.ru. Retrieved 2007-11-23. http://www.lib.ru/SONGS/whaits/waits92.txt

  2. "35th Annual GRAMMY Awards". https://www.grammy.com/awards/35th-annual-grammy-awards

  3. McDermid, Charles. "Dream Maker:Prairie Sun Recording Studio chief Mark "Mooka" Rennick is a musician's best friend". MetroActive Music. Retrieved 2007-11-23. http://www.metroactive.com/papers/sonoma/02.18.99/prairiesun1-9907.html

  4. Interview with Brian Bannon for Thrasher magazine, February 1993; collected in Innocent When You Dream p.146

  5. Peter Orr. "Tom Waits at work in the fields of the song" Reflex, issue 28, October 6, 1992; as quoted on Percussion Instruments on TomWaitsFan.com, accessed 13 November 2020 https://www.tomwaitsfan.com/tom%20waits%20library/www.tomwaitslibrary.com/instruments/percussioninstruments.html

  6. Huey, Steve. "Bone Machine – Tom Waits". AllMusic. Retrieved November 17, 2015. https://www.allmusic.com/album/bone-machine-mw0000614904

  7. Kot, Greg (September 17, 1992). "Tom Waits: Bone Machine (Island)". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved November 17, 2015. /wiki/Greg_Kot

  8. Altman, Billy (September 25, 1992). "Bone Machine". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on November 17, 2015. Retrieved December 9, 2024. https://web.archive.org/web/20151117045417/https://ew.com/article/1992/09/25/bone-machine

  9. Willman, Chris (September 20, 1992). "Tom Waits 'Bone Machine' Island". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved May 28, 2024. https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1992-09-20-ca-1719-story.html

  10. Male, Andrew (July 2010). "Tom Waits: Bone Machine". Mojo. No. 200. p. 77. /wiki/Mojo_(magazine)

  11. Staunton, Terry (September 5, 1992). "Humerus Anecdotes". NME. p. 34. /wiki/NME

  12. Gill, Andy (October 1992). "Formidable". Q. No. 73. p. 100. /wiki/Q_(magazine)

  13. O'Connor, Rob (October 29, 1992). "Bone Machine". Rolling Stone. Retrieved November 17, 2015. https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-album-reviews/bone-machine-197035/

  14. Collis, Andrew (October 1992). "Tom Waits: Bone Machine". Select. No. 28. p. 84. /wiki/Select_(magazine)

  15. Gill, Andy (December 2011). "What Is He Building in There..?". Uncut. No. 175. pp. 52–53. /wiki/Uncut_(magazine)

  16. Willman, Chris (September 20, 1992). "Tom Waits 'Bone Machine' Island". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved May 28, 2024. https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1992-09-20-ca-1719-story.html

  17. Kot, Greg (September 17, 1992). "Tom Waits: Bone Machine (Island)". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved November 17, 2015. /wiki/Greg_Kot

  18. Altman, Billy (September 25, 1992). "Bone Machine". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on November 17, 2015. Retrieved December 9, 2024. https://web.archive.org/web/20151117045417/https://ew.com/article/1992/09/25/bone-machine

  19. Staunton, Terry (September 5, 1992). "Humerus Anecdotes". NME. p. 34. /wiki/NME

  20. Huey, Steve. "Bone Machine – Tom Waits". AllMusic. Retrieved November 17, 2015. https://www.allmusic.com/album/bone-machine-mw0000614904

  21. "Top 100 Albums of the 1990s". Pitchfork. November 16, 2003. Retrieved March 25, 2012. https://pitchfork.com/features/lists-and-guides/5923-top-100-albums-of-the-1990s/

  22. "100 Best Albums of the '90s". The '90s: The Inside Stories from the Decade That Rocked. Harper Design. 2010. pp. 282–297. ISBN 978-0-06-177920-6. Retrieved March 25, 2012. 978-0-06-177920-6

  23. Heller-Nicholas, Alexandra (2006). "Tom Waits: Bone Machine". In Dimery, Robert (ed.). 1001 Albums You Must Hear Before You Die. Universe Publishing. p. 694. ISBN 978-0-7893-1371-3. 978-0-7893-1371-3

  24. Costello, Elvis (November 2000). "Costello's 500". Vanity Fair. No. 483. Retrieved May 28, 2024. /wiki/Elvis_Costello

  25. "Australiancharts.com – Tom Waits – Bone Machine". Hung Medien. Retrieved October 27, 2022. https://australian-charts.com/showitem.asp?interpret=Tom+Waits&titel=Bone+Machine&cat=a

  26. "Austriancharts.at – Tom Waits – Bone Machine" (in German). Hung Medien. Retrieved October 27, 2022. https://austriancharts.at/showitem.asp?interpret=Tom+Waits&titel=Bone+Machine&cat=a

  27. "Dutchcharts.nl – Tom Waits – Bone Machine" (in Dutch). Hung Medien. Retrieved October 27, 2022. https://dutchcharts.nl/showitem.asp?interpret=Tom+Waits&titel=Bone+Machine&cat=a

  28. "Offiziellecharts.de – Tom Waits – Bone Machine" (in German). GfK Entertainment Charts. Retrieved October 27, 2022. https://www.offiziellecharts.de/album-details-1496

  29. "Charts.nz – Tom Waits – Bone Machine". Hung Medien. Retrieved October 27, 2022. https://charts.nz/showitem.asp?interpret=Tom+Waits&titel=Bone+Machine&cat=a

  30. "Norwegiancharts.com – Tom Waits – Bone Machine". Hung Medien. Retrieved October 27, 2022. https://norwegiancharts.com/showitem.asp?interpret=Tom+Waits&titel=Bone+Machine&cat=a

  31. "Swedishcharts.com – Tom Waits – Bone Machine". Hung Medien. Retrieved October 27, 2022. https://swedishcharts.com/showitem.asp?interpret=Tom+Waits&titel=Bone+Machine&cat=a

  32. "Swisscharts.com – Tom Waits – Bone Machine". Hung Medien. Retrieved October 27, 2022. http://swisscharts.com/showitem.asp?interpret=Tom+Waits&titel=Bone+Machine&cat=a

  33. "Official Albums Chart Top 100". Official Charts Company. Retrieved October 27, 2022. https://www.officialcharts.com/charts/albums-chart/19920913/7502/

  34. "Billboard 200: Week of September 26, 1992". Billboard. Retrieved October 27, 2022. https://www.billboard.com/charts/billboard-200/1992-09-26/