Botrychium simplex, the little grapefern, is a species of fern in the family Ophioglossaceae that is native to North America and Greenland. It is a perennial.
Conservation status in the United States
It is listed as a special concern species in Connecticut and is believed extirpated.3 It is endangered in Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio. It is listed as endangered and extirpated in Maryland, threatened in Iowa, exploitably vulnerable in New York, special concern in Rhode Island, and sensitive in Washington (state).4
Conservation status in Europe
This species is extremely rare in most European countries. In Ukraine only one place is known.5
References
Grønlands flora. Tyge Wittrock Böcher (3. reviderede udgave ed.). København: P. Haase & Sons. 1978. ISBN 87-559-0385-1. OCLC 183098604.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link) 87-559-0385-1 ↩
"Plants Profile for Botrychium simplex (Little grapefern)". plants.usda.gov. Retrieved 18 January 2018. https://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=BOSI ↩
"Connecticut's Endangered, Threatened and Special Concern Species 2015". State of Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection Bureau of Natural Resources. Retrieved 18 January 2018. (Note: This list is newer than the one used by plants.usda.gov and is more up-to-date.) http://www.ct.gov/deep/lib/deep/wildlife/pdf_files/nongame/ets15.pdf ↩
"Plants Profile for Botrychium simplex (Little grapefern)". plants.usda.gov. Retrieved 18 January 2018. https://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=BOSI ↩
Parnikoza I., Celka Z. An Archive of the Ophiglossaceae in Ukraine http://www.myslenedrevo.com.ua/en/Sci/Nature/archive-ophioglossaceae-ukraine/botrychium-simplex.html: ↩