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Combining Diacritical Marks
Unicode character block

Combining Diacritical Marks is a Unicode block containing the most common combining characters. It also contains the character "Combining Grapheme Joiner", which prevents canonical reordering of combining characters, and despite the name, actually separates characters that would otherwise be considered a single grapheme in a given context. Its block name in Unicode 1.0 was Generic Diacritical Marks.

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Block

Combining Diacritical Marks[1]Official Unicode Consortium code chart (PDF)
 0123456789ABCDEF
U+030x◌̀◌́◌̂◌̃◌̄◌̅◌̆◌̇◌̈◌̉◌̊◌̋◌̌◌̍◌̎◌̏
U+031x◌̐◌̑◌̒◌̓◌̔◌̕◌̖◌̗◌̘◌̙◌̚◌̛◌̜◌̝◌̞◌̟
U+032x◌̠◌̡◌̢◌̣◌̤◌̥◌̦◌̧◌̨◌̩◌̪◌̫◌̬◌̭◌̮◌̯
U+033x◌̰◌̱◌̲◌̳◌̴◌̵◌̶◌̷◌̸◌̹◌̺◌̻◌̼◌̽◌̾◌̿
U+034x◌̀◌́◌͂◌̓◌̈́◌ͅ◌͆◌͇◌͈◌͉◌͊◌͋◌͌◌͍◌͎ CGJ 
U+035x◌͐◌͑◌͒◌͓◌͔◌͕◌͖◌͗◌͘◌͙◌͚◌͛◌͜◌◌͝◌◌͞◌◌͟◌
U+036x◌͠◌◌͡◌◌͢◌◌ͣ◌ͤ◌ͥ◌ͦ◌ͧ◌ͨ◌ͩ◌ͪ◌ͫ◌ͬ◌ͭ◌ͮ◌ͯ
Notes1.^ As of Unicode version 16.0

Character table

CodeGlyphDecimalDescription
U+0300   ̀768Combining Grave Accent
U+0301   ́769Combining Acute Accent
U+0302   ̂770Combining Circumflex Accent
U+0303   ̃771Combining Tilde
U+0304   ̄772Combining Macron
U+0305   ̅773Combining Overline
U+0306   ̆774Combining Breve
U+0307   ̇775Combining Dot Above
U+0308   ̈776Combining Diaeresis
U+0309   ̉777Combining Hook Above
U+030A   ̊778Combining Ring Above
U+030B   ̋779Combining Double Acute Accent
U+030C   ̌780Combining Caron
U+030D   ̍781Combining Vertical Line Above
U+030E   ̎782Combining Double Vertical Line Above
U+030F   ̏783Combining Double Grave Accent
U+0310   ̐784Combining Candrabindu
U+0311   ̑785Combining Inverted Breve
U+0312   ̒786Combining Turned Comma Above
U+0313   ̓787Combining Comma Above
U+0314   ̔788Combining Reversed Comma Above
U+0315   ̕789Combining Comma Above Right
U+0316   ̖790Combining Grave Accent Below
U+0317   ̗791Combining Acute Accent Below
U+0318   ̘792Combining Left Tack Below
U+0319   ̙793Combining Right Tack Below
U+031A   ̚794Combining Left Angle Above
U+031B   ̛795Combining Horn
U+031C   ̜796Combining Left Half Ring Below
U+031D   ̝797Combining Up Tack Below
U+031E   ̞798Combining Down Tack Below
U+031F   ̟799Combining Plus Sign Below
U+0320   ̠800Combining Minus Sign Below
U+0321   ̡801Combining Palatalized Hook Below
U+0322   ̢802Combining Retroflex Hook Below
U+0323   ̣803Combining Dot Below
U+0324   ̤804Combining Diaeresis Below
U+0325   ̥805Combining Ring Below
U+0326   ̦806Combining Comma Below
U+0327   ̧807Combining Cedilla
U+0328   ̨808Combining Ogonek
U+0329   ̩809Combining Vertical Line Below
U+032A   ̪810Combining Bridge Below
U+032B   ̫811Combining Inverted Double Arch Below
U+032C   ̬812Combining Caron Below
U+032D   ̭813Combining Circumflex Accent Below
U+032E   ̮814Combining Breve Below
U+032F   ̯815Combining Inverted Breve Below
U+0330   ̰816Combining Tilde Below
U+0331   ̱817Combining Macron Below
U+0332   ̲818Combining Low Line
U+0333   ̳819Combining Double Low Line
U+0334   ̴820Combining Tilde Overlay
U+0335   ̵821Combining Short Stroke Overlay
U+0336   ̶822Combining Long Stroke Overlay
U+0337   ̷823Combining Short Solidus Overlay
U+0338   ̸824Combining Long Solidus Overlay
U+0339   ̹825Combining Right Half Ring Below
U+033A   ̺826Combining Inverted Bridge Below
U+033B   ̻827Combining Square Below
U+033C   ̼828Combining Seagull Below
U+033D   ̽829Combining X Above
U+033E   ̾830Combining Vertical Tilde
U+033F   ̿831Combining Double Overline
U+0340   ̀832Combining Grave Tone Mark
U+0341   ́833Combining Acute Tone Mark
U+0342   ͂834Combining Greek Perispomeni
U+0343   ̓835Combining Greek Koronis
U+0344   ̈́836Combining Greek Dialytika Tonos
U+0345   ͅ837Combining Greek Ypogegrammeni
U+0346   ͆838Combining Bridge Above
U+0347   ͇839Combining Equals Sign Below
U+0348   ͈840Combining Double Vertical Line Below
U+0349   ͉841Combining Left Angle Below
U+034A   ͊842Combining Not Tilde Above
U+034B   ͋843Combining Homothetic Above
U+034C   ͌844Combining Almost Equal To Above
U+034D   ͍845Combining Left Right Arrow Below
U+034E   ͎846Combining Upwards Arrow Below
U+034F   ͏847Combining Grapheme Joiner
U+0350   ͐848Combining Right Arrowhead Above
U+0351   ͑849Combining Left Half Ring Above
U+0352   ͒850Combining Fermata
U+0353   ͓851Combining X Below
U+0354   ͔852Combining Left Arrowhead Below
U+0355   ͕853Combining Right Arrowhead Below
U+0356   ͖854Combining Right Arrowhead And Up Arrowhead Below
U+0357   ͗855Combining Right Half Ring Above
U+0358   ͘856Combining Dot Above Right

See also: O͘

U+0359   ͙857Combining Asterisk Below
U+035A   ͚858Combining Double Ring Below
U+035B   ͛859Combining Zigzag Above
U+035C   ͜860Combining Double Breve Below
U+035D   ͝861Combining Double Breve
U+035E   ͞862Combining Double Macron
U+035F   ͟863Combining Double Macron Below
U+0360   ͠864Combining Double Tilde
U+0361   ͡865Combining Double Inverted Breve
U+0362   ͢866Combining Double Rightwards Arrow Below
U+0363   ͣ867Combining Latin Small Letter A
U+0364   ͤ868Combining Latin Small Letter E
U+0365   ͥ869Combining Latin Small Letter I
U+0366   ͦ870Combining Latin Small Letter O
U+0367   ͧ871Combining Latin Small Letter U
U+0368   ͨ872Combining Latin Small Letter C
U+0369   ͩ873Combining Latin Small Letter D
U+036A   ͪ874Combining Latin Small Letter H
U+036B   ͫ875Combining Latin Small Letter M
U+036C   ͬ876Combining Latin Small Letter R
U+036D   ͭ877Combining Latin Small Letter T
U+036E   ͮ878Combining Latin Small Letter V
U+036F   ͯ879Combining Latin Small Letter X

History

The following Unicode-related documents record the purpose and process of defining specific characters in the Combining Diacritical Marks block:

VersionFinal code points2CountUTC IDL2 IDWG2 IDDocument
1.0.0U+0300..034166(to be determined)
N3153 (pdf, doc)Umamaheswaran, V. S. (2007-02-16), "m49.1g", Unconfirmed minutes of WG 2 meeting 49 AIST, Akihabara, Tokyo, Japan; 2006-09-25/29, Correct the glyphs for 0340 COMBINING GRAVE TONE MARK and 0341 COMBINING ACUTE TONE MARK to be the same as their canonical equivalent characters at 0300 and 0301 respectively.
N3353 (pdf, doc)Umamaheswaran, V. S. (2007-10-10), "M51.3c", Unconfirmed minutes of WG 2 meeting 51 Hanzhou, China; 2007-04-24/27, Correction to the glyphs for 0333 and 0347
L2/08-287Davis, Mark (2008-08-04), Public Review Issue #122: Proposal for Additional Deprecated Characters
L2/08-253R2Moore, Lisa (2008-08-19), "Consensus 116-C13", UTC #116 Minutes, Change the deprecated property by removing 0340, 0341, 17D3, and adding 0149, 0F77, 0F79, 17A4, 2329, 232A.
L2/16-178Evans, Lorna; Keating, Patricia (2016-07-06), Representative glyph and annotation additions for U+033B
L2/16-216Anderson, Deborah; Whistler, Ken; McGowan, Rick; Pournader, Roozbeh; Glass, Andrew; Iancu, Laurențiu; Moore, Lisa (2016-07-30), "18. Combining Diacritical Marks", Recommendations to UTC #148 August 2016 on Script Proposals
L2/16-203Moore, Lisa (2016-08-18), "Consensus 148-C3", UTC #148 Minutes, Change the glyph for U+033B COMBINING SQUARE BELOW to a horizontal rectangle as documented in L2/16-178.
1.0.1U+0344..03452(to be determined)
UTC/1999-017Davis, Mark (1999-06-02), Data cross-checks (for Agenda)
L2/99-176RMoore, Lisa (1999-11-04), "Data Cross-Checks", Minutes from the joint UTC/L2 meeting in Seattle, June 8-10, 1999
L2/07-068Muller, Eric (2007-02-05), Representation of Greek mute iota
L2/07-015Moore, Lisa (2007-02-08), "Action item 110-A37", UTC #110 Minutes, Create an FAQ on the Greek mute iota representation and casing issues.
L2/07-198Hudson, John (2007-06-01), Representation of Greek mute iota (response to L2/07-068)
L2/07-263Anderson, Deborah (2007-08-07), Input on Greek Mute Iota
1.1U+0342..0343, 0360..03614(to be determined)
3.0U+0346..034E, 036210L2/98-299N1845Everson, Michael (1998-09-08), Additional IPA "disturbed speech" characters for the UCS
L2/98-372N1884R2 (pdf, doc)Whistler, Ken; et al. (1998-09-22), Additional Characters for the UCS
L2/98-329N1920Combined PDAM registration and consideration ballot on WD for ISO/IEC 10646-1/Amd. 30, AMENDMENT 30: Additional Latin and other characters, 1998-10-28
3.2U+034F1L2/00-274N2236Davis, Mark (2000-08-09), Proposal for addition of COMBINING GRAPHEME JOINER
L2/00-187Moore, Lisa (2000-08-23), "Grapheme Joiner", UTC minutes -- Boston, August 8-11, 2000
L2/01-042N2317Everson, Michael (2001-01-19), On the use of JOINERS in ligation
L2/01-050N2253Umamaheswaran, V. S. (2001-01-21), "7.8 Proposal for addition of COMBINING GRAPHEME JOINER", Minutes of the SC2/WG2 meeting in Athens, September 2000
L2/00-324Moore, Lisa (2001-01-29), "Motion 85-M13", Minutes from UTC #85, San Diego
L2/01-344N2353 (pdf, doc)Umamaheswaran, V. S. (2001-09-09), "7.14", Minutes from SC2/WG2 meeting #40 -- Mountain View, April 2001
L2/05-094Hallissy, Bob; Priest, Lorna (2005-04-18), Use of CGJ in Latin script diacritics
L2/05-108RMoore, Lisa (2005-08-26), "C.7", UTC #103 Minutes
U+0363..036F13L2/00-061N2160Küster, Mark (2000-02-02), Proposal concerning combining diacritics for medievalistics [for Middle High German]
L2/00-330N2266Küster, Marc; Wojtovicz, Isabel (2000-09-14), Diacritics for medieval studies
L2/01-050N2253Umamaheswaran, V. S. (2001-01-21), "7.17 Diacritics for Medieval Studies", Minutes of the SC2/WG2 meeting in Athens, September 2000
4.0U+0350..03578L2/02-141N2419Everson, Michael; et al. (2002-03-20), Uralic Phonetic Alphabet characters for the UCS
L2/02-192Everson, Michael (2002-05-02), Everson's Reply on UPA
N2442Everson, Michael; Kolehmainen, Erkki I.; Ruppel, Klaas; Trosterud, Trond (2002-05-21), Justification for placing the Uralic Phonetic Alphabet in the BMP
L2/02-291Whistler, Ken (2002-05-31), WG2 report from Dublin
L2/02-292Whistler, Ken (2002-06-03), Early look at WG2 consent docket
L2/02-166R2Moore, Lisa (2002-08-09), "Scripts and New Characters - UPA", UTC #91 Minutes
L2/02-253Moore, Lisa (2002-10-21), "Consensus 92-C2", UTC #92 Minutes
U+035D..035F3L2/02-176Whistler, Ken (2002-03-07), How to make "oo" with combining breve/macron over pair?
L2/02-204N2457Additional Double Diacritics, 2002-05-10
L2/02-166R2Moore, Lisa (2002-08-09), "Combining Breve/macron over the oo Pair", UTC #91 Minutes
L2/02-367Constable, Peter (2002-10-30), Double Combining Breve Below, Double Combining Macron
L2/03-142RN2594McGowan, Rick; Constable, Peter; Whistler, Ken (2003-07-01), Proposal to encode combining double breve below
4.1U+03581L2/97-148N1593Everson, Michael (1997-05-27), Proposal to add Latin characters by Latinized Taiwanese languages
L2/97-288N1603Umamaheswaran, V. S. (1997-10-24), "8.24.8", Unconfirmed Meeting Minutes, WG 2 Meeting # 33, Heraklion, Crete, Greece, 20 June – 4 July 1997
L2/98-089N1712RComments on proposal to add Latin characters to Latinized Taiwanese languages, 1998-03-18
L2/98-286N1703Umamaheswaran, V. S.; Ksar, Mike (1998-07-02), "8.26", Unconfirmed Meeting Minutes, WG 2 Meeting #34, Redmond, WA, USA; 1998-03-16--20
L2/02-348N2507Draft of Proposal to add Latin characters required by Latinized Taiwanese Holo language to ISO/IEC 10646, 2002-03-31
L2/03-317N2626Proposal on IPA Extensions & Combining Diacritical Marks for ISO/IEC 10646 in BMP, 2003-09-27
L2/03-318N2628Proposal to add Combining Right Dot Above as required by Taiwanese Holo language Romanization to ISO/IEC 10646, 2003-09-29
L2/03-339N2646Constable, Peter (2003-10-08), Comments on N2626, Proposal on IPA Extensions and Combining Diacritic Marks for ISO/IEC 10646 in BMP
L2/03-369N2669Comments on "Combining dot above", 2003-10-20
L2/04-076N2699Tai, Kaihsu; Chen, Pochung; Tan-Tenn, Henry (2003-10-20), Response to WG2-N2669
L2/03-372N2673Anderson, Deborah (2003-10-22), Comments on N2626, "Proposal on IPA Extensions & Combining Diacritic Marks for ISO 10646 in BMP"
L2/04-107N2713Revised Proposal for encoding A Supplemented Set of IPA Combining Marks, Modifier Letters & Five-Degree Contour Tone Marks, 2004-03-20
L2/04-200N2770RTai, Kaihsu; Chen, Pochung; Tan-Tenn, Henry (2004-05-29), Response to WG2-N2713 - Combining right dot above
U+03591L2/03-157Pantelia, Maria (2003-05-19), Additional Beta Code Characters not in Unicode (WIP)
L2/03-186RN2612-4Pantelia, Maria (2003-06-11), Proposal to encode one additional combining diacritic in the UCS
U+035A1L2/02-364N2630Glass, Andrew; Baums, Stefan; Salomon, Richard (2003-09-29), Proposal to add one combining diacritic to the UCS
U+035B1L2/03-219N2597Proposal to encode one combining character in the UCS, 2003-06-25
U+035C1L2/02-031Anderson, Deborah (2002-01-21), TLG Miscellanea Proposal
L2/02-033Anderson, Deborah (2002-01-21), TLG Unicode Proposal (draft)
L2/02-053Anderson, Deborah (2002-02-04), Description of TLG Documents
L2/02-273Pantelia, Maria (2002-07-31), TLG Unicode Proposal
L2/02-287Pantelia, Maria (2002-08-09), Proposal Summary Form accompanying TLG Unicode Proposal (L2/02-273)
L2/02-312RPantelia, Maria (2002-11-07), Proposal to encode additional Greek editorial and punctuation characters in the UCS
L2/03-324N2642Pantelia, Maria (2003-10-06), Proposal to encode additional Greek editorial and punctuation characters in the UCS

See also

References

  1. "3.8: Block-by-Block Charts" (PDF). The Unicode Standard. version 1.0. Unicode Consortium. https://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode1.0.0/CodeCharts2.pdf ↩

  2. Proposed code points and characters names may differ from final code points and names ↩