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Comparison of open-source wireless drivers

Wireless network cards for computers require control software to make them function (firmware, device drivers). This is a list of the status of some open-source drivers for 802.11 wireless network cards.

Linux

Status

Driver familyDriverChipsetsChipset PHY ModesIntegration in mainlineNon-free firmware required 1LicenseDevelopment
adm8211adm8211ADMtek ADM8211 (802.11b MAC/BBP)bYesYesGPLv2With support from Infineon / ADMtek
at76c50x‑usbat76c50x-usbAtmel AT76C503 / AT76C505 based USB WLAN adaptersbYesDepends on the modelGPLv2?
acx100acx1xxTexas Instruments ACX100, ACX111, TNETW1450b/gNoYesDual BSD/MPLReverse-engineered
airoairoairoCisco Systems Aironet 4500/4800 and 340/350bYesNoDual GPLv2 and BSD?
athatherosar5523Atheros AR5523 based USB donglesa/b/gYesYesISCReverse-engineered
ath5kAtheros AR2413, AR2414, AR2417, AR2425, AR5210, AR5211, AR5212, AR5213, AR5413, AR5414, AR5423, AR5424a/b/gYes (since 2.6.25)—2Dual GPL/BSDReverse-engineered
ath6klAtheros AR6003, AR6004 (SDIO), AR6004 (USB)a/b/gYesYesISCWritten by Atheros
ath9kAtheros chips with 802.11n supporta/b/g/nYes (since 2.6.27)—3 proprietary blob only required for Bluetooth (Purism / NovaCustom)ISCWritten by Atheros
ath9k_htcAtheros AR9271, AR7010 (USB-PCIe bridge with AR928x chips)b/g/nYes (since 2.6.35)45No6ISCWritten by Qualcomm Atheros
ath10kQualcomm Atheros chips with 802.11ac supporta/b/g/n/acYes (since 3.11)7Yes8ISCWritten by Qualcomm Atheros
ath11kQualcomm Atheros chips with 802.11ax supporta/b/g/n/ac/axYes (since 5.6)9Yes10ISCWritten by Qualcomm Atheros
ath12kQualcomm Atheros chips with 802.11be supporta/b/g/n/ac/ax/beYes (since 6.0)YesISCWritten by Qualcomm Atheros
carl9170Atheros AR9170 (802.11n USB)a/b/g/nYes (since 3.0)No11GPLQualcomm Atheros-supported
wil6210Wilocity wil6210, 802.11ad 60GHzadYesYesISCWritten by Qualcomm Atheros
atmelatmelAtmel at76c502 at76c504 and at76c506 wireless cardsbYesYesGPLv2+Reverse-engineered
b43b43b43Broadcom BCM43xx SoCa/b/g/nYes (since 2.6.24)Experimental OSS firmware 12GPLReverse-engineered
b43legacyb43legacybcm43xxBroadcom BCM4301, BCM4303, and BCM4306 rev 1 and 2a/b/gYes (since 2.6.24)Experimental OSS firmware13GPLReverse-engineered
brcm80211brcmfmacbrcm80211PCIe devices: Broadcom 4356, 43567, 43570, 4358, 4359, 43602, 4365, 4366 SDIO devices: Broadcom 4329, 4330, 4334, 43340, 43341, 43241, 4335, 4339, 43362, 43430, 43455, 4354, 43143 USB devices: Broadcom 43235, 43236, 43238, 43143, 43242, 43566, 43569a/b/g/nYes (since 3.2)YesISCWritten by Broadcom
brcmsmacBroadcom BCM4313, BCM43224, BCM43225a/b/g/nYes (since 3.2)YesISCWritten by Broadcom
cw1200cw1200ST-Ericsson CW1100 & CW1200 WLAN chipsets?Yes (since 3.11)14Yes15GPLv2?
hostaphostapHostAPIntersil PRISM-II, PRISM-2.5, PRISM 3?YesDepends on the model16GPLv2
ipw2x00ipw2100ipw2200Intel PRO/Wireless 2100 and 2200 Network Connection (802.11b)?YesYes17GPLWritten by Intel
iwlegacyiwlegacyiwl3945iwl4965Intel Wireless Wi-Fi 3945ABG, 4965AGN?YesYesGPL
iwlwifiiwlwifiIntel Wireless WiFi Next Gen AGN - Wireless-N/Advanced-N/Ultimate-N: 6250AGN, 6200AGN, 6300AGN, 1000BGN, 5150AGN, 5100AGN, 5300AGN, 5350AGN, 6005, 6030, 6150BGN, 100BGN, 130BGN, AX200, AX210 and BE200a/b/g/n/ac/ax/beYesYesDual GPL/BSDWritten by Intel
libertaslibertasMarvell 88W8686 SDIO Libertas 8388 (USB) 802.11b/g, 8385 (CompactFlash) 802.11b/g, 8385/8686/8688 (SDIO) 802.11b/g, 8686 (SPI) 802.11b/g, 88W8388?YesYes18GPLMarvell-supported
libertas_tflibertas_tfMarvell 8388 (USB) WLAN Thinfirm Driver (OLPC)b/gYesYesGPLcozybit, Marvell-supported
mt76mt76MediaTek MT76xxx, MT79xxxxa/b/g/n/ac/ax/beYes (since 4.1919)YesISCWith support from MediaTek
mt7601umt7601uMediaTek MT7601Ub/g/nYes (since 4.2)YesGPLv2
mwifiexmwifiexWiFi-Ex Driver for Marvell SD8786/SD8787/SD8797 (SDIO), 8766/8897 (PCIe) and 88W8797 (USB)?YesYes20GPLv2Written by Marvell
mwl8kmwl8kMarvell TopDog 802.11 Wireless cards: 88W8366, 88W8863, 88W8687, 88W8764?YesYesGPLv2Written by Marvell
orinocoorinocoLucent Hermes (WaveLAN/ ORiNOCO); Intersil PRISM-II, PRISM-2.5; Symbol Spectrum24 802.11b?YesRequired for WPA support21
p54prism54p54Prism54: Intersil/Conexant ISL3877, ISL3880, ISL3886, ISL3887, ISL3890?Yes (~Aug 2007)Experimental OSS firmware22
prism54?Yes (before 2.6.12)Reverse-engineered; obsoleted by p54.
rt2x00rt2400pciMediaTek (Ralink) RT2460bYes (since 2.6.24)No23GPLv2+rt2x00.serialmonkey.com; From partial documentation and GPL drivers by Ralink
rt2500pciRalink RT2560b/gYesNoGPLv2+rt2x00.serialmonkey.com
rt61pciRalink RT2561, RT2561S, RT2661?YesYesGPLv2+rt2x00.serialmonkey.com
rt2800pciRalink RT2760, RT2790, RT2860, RT2880, RT2890, RT3052, RT3090, RT3091, RT3092RT3390, RT3060, RT3062, RT3290, RT3562, RT3592, RT5390, RT5392?YesYesGPLv2+rt2x00.serialmonkey.com
rt2500usbRalink RT2571 & RT2572b/gYesNoGPLv2+rt2x00.serialmonkey.com
rt73usbRalink RT2571W, RT2573 & RT2671?YesYesGPLv2+rt2x00.serialmonkey.com
rt2800usbRalink RT2770, RT2870, RT3070, RT3071, RT3072RT3370, RT3572, RT5370, RT5572?YesYesGPLv2+rt2x00.serialmonkey.com
rtl818xrtl8180Realtek RTL8180, RTL8185, RTL8187SEb/gYesNoGPL
rtl8187Realtek RTL8187, RTL8187Ba/b/gYesNoGPL
rtl8xxxurtl819xRealtek RTL8723AU, RTL8723BU, RTL8188CUS, RTL8192CU, RTL8191EU, RTL8192EU, RTL8188EU, RTL8188RU, RTL8188FU, RTL8192FUb/g/nYesYesGPLv2fan-made, based on open source drivers released by Realtek
rtlwifi rtl‑wifirtl8188eeRealtek RTL8188EE?Yes (since 2.6.38)24YesGPLWritten by Realtek et al. Forked from rtl8180-sa2400 project.
rtl8192cRealtek RTL8192C?YesGPLWritten by Realtek et al.
rtl8192ceRealtek RTL8192CE?YesYesGPLWritten by Realtek et al.
rtl8192cuRealtek RTL8192CU?YesYesGPLWritten by Realtek et al.
rtl8192deRealtek RTL8192DE?YesYesGPLWritten by Realtek et al.
rtl8192seRealtek RTL8192SE?YesYesGPLWritten by Realtek et al.
rtl8723aeRealtek RTL8723AE?YesYesGPLWritten by Realtek et al.
rtl8188euRealtek RTL8188EU (TP-Link TL-WN725N)?Yes (since 3.122526)YesGPLWritten by Realtek et al.
rtl8821aeRealtek RTL8812AE, RTL8821AEa/b/g/n/acYes (since 3.16)YesGPL?
rtw88rtw89rtw88_8822ceRealtek RTL8822CEa/b/g/n/acYesYesDual GPLv2 and BSDWritten by Realtek et al.
rtw88_8822beRealtek RTL8822BEa/b/g/n/acYesYesDual GPLv2 and BSDWritten by Realtek et al.
rtw88_8821ceRealtek RTL8821CEa/b/g/n/acYesYesDual GPLv2 and BSDWritten by Realtek et al.
rtw88_8723deRealtek RTL8723DEb/g/nYesYesDual GPLv2 and BSDWritten by Realtek et al.
rtw88_8822cuRealtek RTL8822CUa/b/g/n/acYesYesDual GPLv2 and BSDWritten by Realtek et al.
rtw88_8822buRealtek RTL8822BUa/b/g/n/acYesYesDual GPLv2 and BSDWritten by Realtek et al.
rtw88_8821cuRealtek RTL8821CUa/b/g/n/acYesYesDual GPLv2 and BSDWritten by Realtek et al.
rtw88_8723duRealtek RTL8723DUb/g/nYesYesDual GPLv2 and BSDWritten by Realtek et al.
rtw89rtw89rtw89_8852aeRealtek RTL8852AEa/b/g/n/ac/axYesYesDual GPLv2 and BSDWritten by Realtek et al.
rtw89_8852beRealtek RTL8852BEa/b/g/n/ac/axYesYesDual GPLv2 and BSDWritten by Realtek et al.
rtw89_8852ceRealtek RTL8852CEa/b/g/n/ac/axYesYesDual GPLv2 and BSDWritten by Realtek et al.
rsi9113rsi9113Redpine Signals SDIO and USB adaptersYesGPLWritten by Redpine Signals Inc.
tiwl1251Texas Instruments TI wl1251 (SDIO/SPI)?YesYes27GPLWritten by Nokia
wl12xxTexas Instruments TI wl1271, wl1273, wl1281 and wl1283?Yes (Only up to 3.228)Yes29GPLWritten by Nokia and Texas Instruments
wl18xxTexas Instruments TI WiLink 8?YesYes30GPLWritten by Texas Instruments
zd1211rwzd1211rwZyDAS ZD1211/ZD1211B (USB)?YesYes31GPLvarious

Driver capabilities

Driver802.11BusinterfaceWireless SecurityMonitormodeMaster(AP) modeAd-Hocmode
abgnacadaxWEPWPAWPA2
acx1xxNoYesYesNoNo??PCI, Mini PCI, PC card, USBYesNoNoYesYes?
adm8211NoYesNoNoNo??PCIYes??YesNoYes
carl9170YesYesYesYesNo??USBYesYesYesYesYesYes
ath5kYesYesYesNoNo??PCI, Mini PCI, PC card, AHBYesYesYesYesYes (2.6.31)Yes
ath9kYesYesYesYesNo??PCI, Mini PCI, Mini PCIe, AHBYesYesYesYesYesYes
ath9k_htcYesYesYesYesNo??USBYesYesYesYesYesYes
ath10kNoNoNoNoYes??PCI, Mini PCI, AHB, Mini PCIeYesYesYesYesYesYes
b43NoYesYesNoNo??PCI, Mini PCI, SDIO ?YesYesYesYesYesYes
bcm43xxNoYesYesNoNo??PCI, Mini PCI,Cardbus, PC cardYesYesYesYesNo?
brcmfmacYesYesYesYesNo??USB, SDIO,PCI ExpressYesYesYesExp. 32Yes 33No
brcmsmacYesYesYesYesNo??PCI, Mini PCI,Mini PCIeYesYesYesYesYes 34Yes 35
hostapNoYesNoNoNo??PCI, Mini PCI,PC cardYesYes 36Yes 37YesYesYes
ipw2100NoYesNoNoNo??Mini PCIYesYesYesYes??
ipw2200YesYesYesNoNo??Mini PCIYesYesYesYesNoYes
ipw2200-apNoYesYesNoNo??Mini PCI???YesYes?
ipw3945YesYesYesNoNo??Mini PCI,Mini PCIeYesYesYesYesNoYes
islsm (p54u)(archive)???????PCI, USBNoNoNo?No?
iwlwifi (archive)YesYesYesYesYes??Mini PCI, Mini PCIe, M.2YesYesYesYes2.4 GHz onlyExp.3839Yes
libertas (archive)NoYesYesNoNo??USB, CF, SDIO????No?
madwifi (archive)YesYesYesNoNo??PCI, PC card,Mini PCIYesYesYesYesYesYes
mt76YesYesYesYesYes??PCIe, USBYesYesYesYesYesYes
mt7601uNoYesYesYesNo??USBYesYesYesYes??
orinocoNoYesNoNoNo??Mini PCI,PC cardYesYes 40NoYesNoYes
p54NoYesYesNoNo??Mini PCI, USB,CardbusYesYesYesYesYesYes
prism54NoYesYesNoNo??PCIYesNo?YesYes?
rndis_wlanNoYesYesNoNo??USBYesYesYesNoNoYes
rt2x00NoYesYesNoNo??PCI, USB,Mini PCIYesYes 41Yes 42YesYes 43Yes
rtl8180YesYesYesNoNo??PCI, PC card,Mini PCI????Yes?
rtl8187YesYesYesNoNo??USBYesYesYesYes??
rtl8xxxuNoYesYesYesNoNoNoUSBYesYesYes?Yes 44No
rtw88NoYesYesYesYesNoNoM.2, USBYesYesYesYesYesYes
rtw89NoYesYesYesYesNoYesM.2YesYesYesYesYesNo
zd1201NoYesNoNoNo??USBYesNo 45No 46YesYes?
zd1211YesYesYesNoNo??USBYesYesYesYesYes?
zd1211rwNoYesYesNoNo??USBYesYesYesYesYes 47Yes

DragonFly BSD

Driver nameChipsetIntegrationNon-free firmware requiredLicenseOriginal/Primary developerDevelopment
acxTexas InstrumentsACX100/ACX111Integrated since 1.5YesBSDReverse engineering
anAironet4500/4800IntegratedOn DeviceBSDBill Paul(FreeBSD)
athAtheros AR5210/AR5211/AR5212/AR5416IntegratedOn DeviceBSD
bwiBroadcomBCM430x/4318IntegratedYesBSDSepherosaZiehauReverse engineering
iwiIntel PRO/Wireless2200BG/2915ABGIntegratedYesBSDDamien Bergamini(OpenBSD)Reverse engineering
iwlIntel PRO/Wireless2100IntegratedYesBSDDamien Bergamini(OpenBSD)Reverse engineering
iwmIntel Dual Band Wireless AC

3160/7260/8260/9260/9270/9560

IntegratedYesBSDOpenBSD
iwnIntel 4965/1000/5000/5150/5300/6000/6050IntegratedYesBSDDamien Bergamini(OpenBSD)Reverse engineering
ralRalink RT2500/RT2501/RT2600IntegratedOn DeviceBSDDamien BergaminiPorted fromFreeBSD
rtwRealtekRTL8180LIntegratedOn DeviceBSDPorted from NetBSD
rumRalinkRT2501USB/RT2601USBIntegratedOn DeviceBSDDamien BergaminiPorted fromFreeBSD
wiLucent Hermes(WaveLAN / ORiNOCO);Intersil PRISM-II, -2.5; Symbol Spectrum24 802.11bIntegratedOn DeviceBSDBill Paul (FreeBSD)Documentation based
wpiIntel3945ABGIntegratedOn DeviceBSDDamien BergaminiPorted from OpenBSD

FreeBSD

Status

DriverChipsetIntegrationNon-free firmware required 48LicenseOriginal/ Primary developerDevelopment
acxTexas Instruments ACX100/ACX111Separate projectYesBSDReverse engineering
anAironet 4500/4800, Cisco Aironet 340/350, Xircom Wireless EthernetIntegratedOn DeviceBSDBill Paul (FreeBSD)
arlAironet Arlan 655Integrated / Removed in 8.0On DeviceBSD
athAtheros AR5210/ AR5211/ AR5212/ AR5416 /AR9130 /AR9160 /AR9280 /AR9285 /AR9287 /AR9565 (and derivatives)IntegratedNoBSDOriginally by Atheros via Sam Leffler (FreeBSD); supported by the communityDocumentation based
awiAMD PCnetMobileIntegrated / Removed in 8.0On DeviceBSDBill Sommerfeld (NetBSD), Atsushi Onoe (NetBSD)
bwiBroadcom BCM43xx/4318Integrated since 8.0YesBSDSepherosa Ziehau (DragonFly BSD), Andrew Thompson (FreeBSD), Sam Leffler (FreeBSD)Ported from DragonFly BSD
bwnBroadcom BCM43xx/4318 v4 firmwareIntegrated since 8.1YesBSDWeongyo Jeong?
cnwNetwave AirSurferIntegrated / Removed in 8.0On DeviceBSDImported from NetBSD
ipwIntel PRO/Wireless 2100IntegratedYesBSDDamien Bergamini (OpenBSD/ FreeBSD)Reverse engineering
iwiIntel PRO/Wireless 2200BG/ 2225BG/ 2915ABGIntegratedYesBSDDamien Bergamini (OpenBSD/ FreeBSD)Reverse engineering
iwmIntel Dual Band Wireless-AC 3160 / 3165 / 7260 / 7265 / 8260????
iwnIntel PRO/Wireless 4965 ABGN/ 5100/ 5300/ 5350/ 1000

Intel Centrino 6000/ 6150/ 6200/ 6205/ 6230/ 6250/ 6300

Integrated since 8.0 / Available for 7.1 and above as separate patchYesBSDDamien Bergamini, Benjamin Close, Sam Leffler (OpenBSD/ FreeBSD)Reverse engineering
maloMarvell 88W8335IntegratedYesBSDWeongyo Jeong (FreeBSD), Sam Leffler (FreeBSD)
mwlMarvell 88W8363Integrated since 8.0Yes49BSDSam Leffler (FreeBSD)?
ralRalink RT2500/ RT2501/ RT2600/ RT3090/ RT3592IntegratedOn DeviceBSDDamien Bergamini (OpenBSD/ FreeBSD)Based on partial documentation
rayRaytheon Raylink/ Webgear AviatorIntegrated / Removed in 8.0On DeviceBSDImported from NetBSD
rsuRealtek RTL8188SU/ RTL8192SUIntegrated since 10.0YesBSDDamien Bergamini (OpenBSD), Imported from OpenBSD by Rui Paulo?
rumRalink RT2501USB/ RT2601USBIntegratedNo50BSDNiall O'Higgins, Damien BergaminiBased on partial documentation
runRalink RT2700U/ RT2800U/ RT3000UIntegrated since 8.1No51BSDDamien Bergamini (OpenBSD), Imported from OpenBSD by Akinori FurukoshiBased on partial documentation
uathAtheros AR5005UG/ AR5005UXIntegrated since 8.0Yes52BSDWeongyo Jeong (FreeBSD), Sam Leffler (FreeBSD)?
upgtGW3887 (Conexant/ Intersil PrismGT series)Integrated since 8.0YesBSDImported from OpenBSDReverse engineering
uralRalink RT2500USBIntegratedOn DeviceBSDDamien Bergamini (OpenBSD/ FreeBSD)Based on partial documentation
urtwRealtek RTL8187L/ RTL8187BIntegrated since 8.0—53BSDWeongyo Jeong (FreeBSD)?
urtwnRealtek RTL8188CU/ RTL8188EU/ RTL8192CUIntegrated since 10.0YesBSDDamien Bergamini (OpenBSD / FreeBSD)Reverse engineering
wiLucent Hermes (WaveLAN/ ORiNOCO); Intersil PRISM-2, PRISM-2.5, PRISM-3; Symbol Spectrum24 802.11b (Symbol support removed in 8.0)IntegratedOn DeviceBSDBill Paul (FreeBSD)Documentation based
wpiIntel PRO/ Wireless 3945ABGIntegratedYesBSDDamien Bergamini, Benjamin CloseReverse engineering
zydZyDAS ZD1211/ ZD1211BIntegratedNoBSDFlorian Stoehr, Damien Bergamini, Jonathan Gray (OpenBSD)Documentation based

Driver capabilities

Driver802.11Bus interfaceWEPWPAWPA2Monitor modeMaster modeAd-Hoc mode
acx802.11a?, 802.11b, 802.11gCardbus, PCIYes????Yes
an802.11bCardbus, PCI, ISAYes????Yes
arlN/AISA??????
ath802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11g, 802.11nCardbus, PCI, Mini PCIYesYesYesYesYesYes
awiN/APC Card????YesYes
bwi802.11b, 802.11gCardbus, PCIYesYesYesYesNoNo
cnwN/ACardbus??????
ipw802.11bMini PCIYesYesYesYesNoYes
iwi802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11gMini PCIYesYesYesYesNoYes
iwn802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11g, 802.11nMini PCIYesYesYesYesNoNo
malo802.11b, 802.11gPCIYesYesYesYesNoNo
mwl802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11g, 802.11nPCIYesYesYesYesYesNo
ral802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11gCardbus, PCI, Mini PCIYesYesYesYesYesYes
rayN/APC Card???NoNoYes
rum802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11gUSBYesYesYesYesYesYes
run802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11gUSBYesYesYesYesYesYes
uath802.11b, 802.11gUSBYesYesYesYesNoNo
upgt802.11b, 802.11gUSBYesYesYesYesNoNo
ural802.11b, 802.11gUSBYesYesYesYesYesYes
urtw802.11b, 802.11gUSBYesYesYesYesNoNo
wi802.11bPC Card, Cardbus, PCIYesYes (since 8.0)Yes (since 8.0)Yes (since 8.0?)YesYes
wpi802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11gMini PCIYesYesYesYesNoYes
zyd802.11b, 802.11gUSBYesYesYesYesNoNo

NetBSD

DriverChipsetIntegrationFree firmware54LicenseOriginal/Primary developerDevelopment methodologiesFree software55
anAironet 4500/4800, Cisco Aironet 340/350Integrated—BSDBill Paul (FreeBSD)Ported from FreeBSDYes
athAtheros AR521*/ AR2413/ AR2417/ AR5413/ AR5416/ AR5424/ AR9160Integrated—BSDSam Leffler (FreeBSD)Binary blobs ported from FreeBSDYes
athnAtheros AR5008 up to the AR9287Integrated—BSDDamien Bergamini (OpenBSD)Ported from OpenBSDYes
atuAtmel at76c503/ at76c503a/ at76c505/ at76c505aIntegrated—BSDDan Vreeken (FreeBSD)Ported from OpenBSDYes
atwADMtek ADM8211Integrated—BSDDavid Young (NetBSD)Yes
awiAMD PCnetMobileIntegrated—BSDYes
bwiBroadcom BCM430x/4318Integrated—BSDSepherosa Ziehau (DragonflyBSD)Ported from Dragonfly BSDYes
cnwNetwave AirSurferIntegrated—BSDYes
ipwIntel PRO/Wireless 2100IntegratedNoBSDDamien Bergamini (OpenBSD)Ported from OpenBSDYes
iwiIntel PRO/Wireless 2200BG/2915ABGIntegratedNoBSDDamien Bergamini (OpenBSD)Ported from OpenBSDYes
iwmIntel Wireless WiFi 7260, 7265, 3160IntegratedNoBSDAntti Kantee (NetBSD)Yes
iwnIntel Wireless WiFi Link 4965/ 5000/ 1000/ 6000IntegratedNoBSDDamien Bergamini (OpenBSD)Ported from OpenBSDYes
maloMarvell 88W8335/88W8310IntegratedNoBSDClaudio Jeker (OpenBSD)Ported from OpenBSDYes
otusAtheros AR9001UIntegratedNoBSDDamien Bergamini (OpenBSD)Ported from OpenBSDYes
ralRalink RT2500/ RT2501/ RT2600/ RT2500USB/RT3592Integrated—BSDDamien Bergamini (OpenBSD)Ported from OpenBSDYes
rayRaytheon Raylink / WebGear AviatorIntegrated—BSDChristian E. Hopps (NetBSD)Yes
rtwRealtek RTL8180LIntegrated—BSDDavid Young (NetBSD)Yes
rtwnRealtek RTL8188CE and RTL8192CEIntegrated—BSDStefan Sperling (OpenBSD)Ported from OpenBSDYes
runRalink RT2700U, RT2800U and RT3000UIntegrated—BSDDamien Bergamini (OpenBSD)Ported from OpenBSDYes
upgtConexant/Intersil PrismGT SoftMAC USB IEEE 802.11b/gIntegrated—BSDMarcus Glocker (OpenBSD)Ported from OpenBSDYes
urtwRealtek RTL8187B/LIntegratedNoBSDWeongyo Jeong (FreeBSD)Ported from FreeBSDYes
urtwnRealtek RTL8188CUS, RTL8188CE-VAU, RTL8188EUS, RTL8188RU, and RTL8192CUIntegratedNoBSDDamien Bergamini (OpenBSD)Ported from OpenBSDYes
wiLucent Technologies WaveLAN/IEEE and PRISM-II 802.11IntegratedNoBSDBill PaulYes
wpiIntel PRO/Wireless 3945ABGIntegratedNoBSDDamien Bergamini (OpenBSD)Ported from OpenBSDYes
zydZyDAS ZD1211/ ZD1211BIntegratedNoBSDDamien Bergamini (OpenBSD)Ported from OpenBSDYes

OpenBSD

The following is an incomplete list of supported wireless devices:

Status

DriverChipsetIntegrationFree firmware56LicenseOriginal/Primary developerDevelopmentFree software57
acxTexas Instruments ACX100/ACX111IntegratedNo58BSDPorted from DragonFlyBSDReverse engineeringYes
anAironet 4500/4800, Cisco Aironet 340/350Integrated—BSDYes
athAtheros AR5210/ AR5211/ AR5212Integrated—59BSDReverse engineeringYes
athnAtheros AR5416/AR9160/AR928XIntegrated (since 4.7)Yes60BSDDamien BergaminiPartly based on the ath9k driver for LinuxYes
atuAtmel AT76C503/ AT76C503A/ AT76C505/ AT76C505AIntegratedYes61BSDReverse engineeringYes
atwADMtek ADM8211Integrated—BSDDocumentation basedYes
awiBayStack 6502.7 to 4.3—BSDYes
bwfmBroadcom and Cypress IEEE 802.11a/ac/ax/b/g/n wireless network device6.3+BSDPatrick WildtYes
bwiBroadcom BCM430x/4318IntegratedNoBSDSepherosa ZiehauPorted from DragonFly BSDYes
cnwNetWave AirSurfer2.6 to 6.0—BSDYes
ipwIntel PRO/Wireless 2100IntegratedNo62BSDDamien BergaminiReverse engineeringYes
iwiIntel PRO/Wireless 2200BG/ 2225BG/ 2915ABGIntegratedNo63BSDDamien BergaminiReverse engineeringYes
iwnIntel Wireless WiFi Link 4965/ 5000/ 1000/ 6000IntegratedNo64BSDDamien BergaminiReverse engineeringYes
iwmIntel Wireless WiFi Link 3160ac/ 7260ac/ 7265acIntegrated (since 5.8)No65BSDAntti Kantee,66 Stefan SperlingBased on iwn, and iwlwifi driver released by Intel for Linux under dual GPLv2/BSD license67Yes
maloMarvell 88W8335/ 88W8310IntegratedNo68BSDMarcus Glocker and Claudio JekerReverse engineering69Yes
otusAtheros AR9170Integrated (since 4.6)No70BSDDamien BergaminiBased on source code released by Atheros for Linux under the ISCYes
pgtConexant/Intersil Prism GT Full-MAC ISL3877, ISL3880, and ISL3890 chipsIntegratedNo71BSDPorted from FreeBSDReverse engineering72Yes
ral/uralRalink RT2500, RT2501, RT2600, RT2700, RT2800, RT3090, RT3292, RT3592 and RT5390 (ral), RT2500USB (ural)IntegratedYes73BSDDamien BergaminiDocumentation basedYes
rayRaytheon Raylink/WebGear Aviator IEEE 802.11FH2.7 to 5.4—BSDYes
rsuRealtek RTL8188SU/RTL8191SU/RTL8192SUIntegrated (since 4.9)NoBSDDamien BergaminiReverse engineeringYes
rtwRealtek RTL8180LIntegrated—BSDPorted from NetBSDDocumentation basedYes
rtwnRealtek RTL8188CE/RTL8192CEIntegratedNo74BSDStefan SperlingBased on urtwn driver.Yes
rumRalink RT2501USB/ RT2601USBIntegratedYes75BSDNiall O'Higgins and Damien BergaminiDocumentation basedYes
runRalink RT2700U/ RT2800U/ RT3000UIntegratedYes76BSDDamien BergaminiDocumentation basedYes
uathAtheros AR5005UG/ AR5005UXIntegratedNo77BSDDamien BergaminiReverse Engineering78Yes
upgtGW3887 (Conexant/Intersil PrismGT series)IntegratedNo79BSDMarcus GlockerReverse engineeringYes
urtwRealtek RTL8187LIntegrated—BSDWeongyo Jeong (FreeBSD)?Yes
urtwnRealtek RTL8188CU/RTL8192CUIntegrated (since 4.9)NoBSDDamien BergaminiReverse engineeringYes
wiLucent Hermes (WaveLAN/ ORiNOCO); Intersil PRISM-2, PRISM-2.5, PRISM-3; Symbol Spectrum24IntegratedYes for Spectrum2480 and N/A for othersBSDBill PaulDocumentation basedYes
wpi81Intel PRO/Wireless 3945ABGIntegratedNo82BSDDamien BergaminiReverse engineeringYes
zydZyDAS ZD1211/ZD1211BIntegratedYes83BSDFlorian Stoehr, Damien Bergamini, and Jonathan GrayDocumentation basedYes

Driver capabilities

Driver802.11Bus interfaceWEPWPAWPA2Monitor modeMaster modeAd-Hoc mode
acx802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11gCardbus, PCIYesNoNoYesYesYes
an802.11bPC Card, PCI, ISAYesNoNoYesNoYes
ath802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11gCardbus, PCIYesYesYesYesYesYes
athn802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11g, 802.11nCardbus, PCI-E, Mini PCIEYesYesYesYesYesNo
atu802.11bUSBYesNoNoNoNoYes
atw802.11bCardbus, PCINoNoNoNoNoYes
bwfm802.11a/ac/ax/b/g/nPCI, USBYesYesYesYesYesNo
bwi802.11b, 802.11gCardbus, PCIYesYesYesYesNoNo
cnwN/APC CardNoNoNoNoNoNo
ipw802.11bPCIYesYesYesYesNoYes
iwi802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11gPCIYesYesYesYesNoYes
iwn802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11g, 802.11nPCI-E, Mini PCIEYesYesYesYesNoNo
iwm802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11g, 802.11nPCI-E, Mini PCIEYesYesYesYesNoNo
malo802.11b, 802.11gCardbus, PC Card, PCIYesYesYesYesNoNo
otus802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11gUSBYesYesYesYesNoNo
pgt802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11gCardbus, PCIYesNoNoYesYesYes
ral802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11gCardbus, PCI, Mini PCIYesYesYesYesYesYes
rayN/APC CardNoNoNoNoNoYes
rtw802.11bCardbus, PCIYesNoNoYesYesYes
rtwn802.11b, 802.11gMini PCIEYesYesYesYesNoNo
rum802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11gUSBYesYesYesYesYesYes
run802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11gUSBYesYesYesYesNoNo
uath802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11gUSBYesNoNoYesNoNo
upgt802.11b, 802.11gUSBYesYesYesYesNoNo
ural802.11b, 802.11gUSBYesYesYesYesYesYes
urtw802.11b, 802.11gUSBYesYesYesYesNoNo
urtwn802.11b, 802.11gUSBYesYesYesYesNoNo
wi802.11bPC Card, PCI, USBYesNoNoNoYesYes
wpi802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11gPCIYesYesYesYesNoNo
zyd802.11b, 802.11gUSBYesYesYesYesNoNo

Solaris and OpenSolaris

DriverChipsetIntegrationFree firmware84LicenseDevelopmentFree software85
ath8687Atheros AR5211/ AR5212/ AR5213/ AR5214Integrated with Solaris Nevada build 29No firmware required88Dual GPL/BSD with proprietary HALPort of MadwifiNo
ipwIntel PRO/Wireless 2100Community projectNoBSDPorted from OpenBSDYes
iwiIntel PRO/Wireless 2200BG/2225BG/2915ABGCommunity projectNoBSDPorted from OpenBSDYes
pcanCisco Aironet 340/350Community project—BSDPorted from FreeBSDYes
pcwlLucent/Agere Systems Hermes (WaveLAN/ORiNOCO), Intersil PRISM-2 802.11bCommunity project—BSDPorted from FreeBSDYes
ralRalink RT2500Community project—BSDPorted from OpenBSDYes
rtwRealtek RTL8180LCommunity project—BSDPorted from NetBSDYes
maloMarvell 88W8335/ 88W8310Community project—BSDPorted from OpenBSDYes
wpiIntel PRO/Wireless 3945ABGCommunity projectNoBSDPorted from OpenBSDYes
iwkIntel Wireless WiFi Link 4965AGNCommunity projectNoBSDPorted from OpenBSDYes
arnAtheros 9000Community projectNoBSDbased on ath9kYes
rwdRalink RT2561/RT2561S/RT2661Community projectNoBSDYes
rwnRalink RT2700/2800Community projectNoBSDYes
urtwRealtek RTL8187L/B USBCommunity projectNoBSDYes
atuAtmel AT76C50xCommunity projectNoBSDYes
mwlMarvell 88W8363Community projectNoBSDYes
uralRalink RT2500USBCommunity projectNoBSDYes
zydZyDAS ZD1211 chipsetsCommunity projectYesBSDPorted from OpenBSDYes

Darwin, OpenDarwin and macOS

DriverChipsetFree firmware89LicenseDevelopment
IWIDarwinIntel PRO/Wireless 2100/2200BG/2225BG/2915ABG/3945ABG/4965AGNNoGPLPort from Linux
WirelessDriver90Lucent/Agere Systems Hermes (WaveLAN/ORiNOCO), Intersil PRISM-2 802.11b—BSD
"GTdriver". Archived from the original on 2021-06-14.PRISM-GT 802.11b/g—GPL

Notes

References

  1. 'On Device' means firmware is stored in device at all times ↩

  2. The card doesn't have a host CPU and so it doesn't require a firmware source Archived June 20, 2006, at the Wayback Machine http://kerneltrap.org/node/4118 ↩

  3. The card doesn't have a host CPU and so it doesn't require a firmware source Archived June 20, 2006, at the Wayback Machine http://kerneltrap.org/node/4118 ↩

  4. "ath9k_htc". debian.org. Retrieved 1 May 2015. https://wiki.debian.org/ath9k_htc ↩

  5. https://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=fb9987d0f748c983bb795a86f47522313f701a08 commit of ath10k to kernel 2.6.35 https://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=fb9987d0f748c983bb795a86f47522313f701a08 ↩

  6. "qca/open-ath9k-htc-firmware". GitHub. Retrieved 1 May 2015. https://github.com/qca/open-ath9k-htc-firmware ↩

  7. https://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=5e3dd157d7e70f0e3cea3f2573ed69fb156a19d5 commit of ath10k to Kernel 3.11 https://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=5e3dd157d7e70f0e3cea3f2573ed69fb156a19d5 ↩

  8. The chipsets do require a non-free firmware, as of 12/8/2013, volunteer developers should contact Luis R. Rodriguez, mcgrof at frijolero.org to help with changing this, code clean ups, and release) https://wireless.wiki.kernel.org/en/users/drivers/ath10k/firmware ↩

  9. https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=d5c65159f2895379e11ca13f62feabe93278985d ath11k: driver for Qualcomm 802.11ax devices https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=d5c65159f2895379e11ca13f62feabe93278985d ↩

  10. The chipsets do require a non-free firmware https://wireless.wiki.kernel.org/en/users/Drivers/ath11k ↩

  11. "en:users:drivers:carl9170 [Linux Wireless]". kernel.org. Retrieved 1 May 2024. https://wireless.docs.kernel.org/en/latest/en/users/drivers/carl9170.fw.html ↩

  12. See openfwwf project for open-source firmware. This firmware lacks support for QoS and hardware cryptography. http://www.ing.unibs.it/openfwwf/ ↩

  13. See openfwwf project for open-source firmware. This firmware lacks support for QoS and hardware cryptography. http://www.ing.unibs.it/openfwwf/ ↩

  14. http://kernelnewbies.org/Linux_3.11-DriversArch#head-55b108ef9d4cab96ff8a30e9906a6079628c49d3 Kernel Newbies 3.11 network driver documentation. http://kernelnewbies.org/Linux_3.11-DriversArch#head-55b108ef9d4cab96ff8a30e9906a6079628c49d3 ↩

  15. https://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/firmware/linux-firmware.git/tree/LICENCE.cw1200 CW1200 Licence file at linux-firmware. https://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/firmware/linux-firmware.git/tree/LICENCE.cw1200 ↩

  16. "Why does my D-Link DWL-650 rev. P1 or D-Link DWL-520 rev. E1 (or any other card with small flash) card fail?" – Host AP driver – Frequently Asked Questions". http://w1.fi/cgit/hostap-06/plain/FAQ ↩

  17. "Intel PRO/Wireless 2100 Driver Firmware". sourceforge.net. Retrieved 1 May 2015. http://ipw2100.sourceforge.net/firmware.php?fid=2 ↩

  18. "#46 (Eliminate dependency on licensed code in Marvell firmware) – One Laptop Per Child". Dev.laptop.org. 2006-12-14. Archived from the original on 2021-02-24. Retrieved 2013-07-12. https://web.archive.org/web/20210224132543/http://dev.laptop.org/ticket/46 ↩

  19. Phoronix, Intel IWLWIFI Adding 802.11ax Support In Linux 4.19, 5 August 2018 https://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=news_item&px=Intel-802.11ax-WiFi-Linux-4.19 ↩

  20. "README\mwifiex\marvell\wireless\net\drivers - kernel/git/stable/linux-stable.git - Linux kernel stable tree". kernel.org. Retrieved 15 September 2018. https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git/tree/drivers/net/wireless/marvell/mwifiex/README ↩

  21. "orinoco - Linux Wireless". Wireless.kernel.org. Retrieved 2012-12-09. https://wireless.wiki.kernel.org/en/users/drivers/orinoco#devicefirmware ↩

  22. There is a Free software firmware called FreeMAC https://web.archive.org/web/20080906100947/http://prism54.org/freemac.html ↩

  23. see the license of the firmware Archived 2017-01-05 at the Wayback Machine to see which chipsets need a firmware http://rt2x00.serialmonkey.com/wiki-static/f/i/r/Firmware_license.html ↩

  24. https://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/drivers/net/wireless/rtlwifi?id=0c8173385e549f95cd80c3fff5aab87b4f881d8d 2010-12-15: add rtl-wifi and support for RTL8192CE https://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/drivers/net/wireless/rtlwifi?id=0c8173385e549f95cd80c3fff5aab87b4f881d8d ↩

  25. "rtl8188eu". https://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=b63c05394f3fe9ae547e1fa9df30f1ba0bcdabb4 ↩

  26. "rtl8188eu header files". https://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=6ddfa35a4a98d28f9506c1bb25c82927dff9eff2 ↩

  27. "ti-connectivity - kernel/git/firmware/linux-firmware.git - Repository of firmware blobs for use with the Linux kernel". git.kernel.org. Retrieved 23 March 2018. https://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/firmware/linux-firmware.git/tree/ti-connectivity ↩

  28. "Configuring WL1271 for a 3.13 kernel (devicetree) - WiLink WiFi + Bluetooth Forum - Wireless Connectivity - TI E2E Community". ti.com. Retrieved 1 May 2015. http://e2e.ti.com/support/low_power_rf/f/307/p/324365/1130399.aspx#1130399 ↩

  29. "ti-connectivity - kernel/git/firmware/linux-firmware.git - Repository of firmware blobs for use with the Linux kernel". git.kernel.org. Retrieved 23 March 2018. https://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/firmware/linux-firmware.git/tree/ti-connectivity ↩

  30. "ti-connectivity - kernel/git/firmware/linux-firmware.git - Repository of firmware blobs for use with the Linux kernel". git.kernel.org. Retrieved 23 March 2018. https://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/firmware/linux-firmware.git/tree/ti-connectivity ↩

  31. http://sourceforge.net/projects/zd1211/files/zd1211-firmware/ ZD1211 USB WLAN Linux Driver Firmware http://sourceforge.net/projects/zd1211/files/zd1211-firmware/ ↩

  32. "seemoo-lab/nexmon". GitHub. Retrieved 23 March 2018. https://github.com/seemoo-lab/nexmon ↩

  33. "Supports SoftAP". kernel.org. Retrieved 19 Sep 2017. https://wireless.wiki.kernel.org/en/users/Drivers/brcm80211#fullmac_driver_specifics ↩

  34. https://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=492b71e8d468102372969705b65845f5e57038c5 2013-03-27 brcmsmac: activate AP support https://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=492b71e8d468102372969705b65845f5e57038c5 ↩

  35. "kernel/git/next/linux-next.git - The linux-next integration testing tree". kernel.org. Retrieved 1 May 2015. https://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/next/linux-next.git/commit/?id=c55b3766054d3db7a9732c6c8a1c81afac2cfaa6 ↩

  36. Requires station firmware 1.7.4 or later. ↩

  37. Requires station firmware 1.7.4 or later. ↩

  38. "en:users:drivers:iwlwifi [Linux Wireless]". kernel.org. Retrieved 1 May 2015. https://wireless.wiki.kernel.org/en/users/Drivers/iwlwifi/?p=iwlwifi#Features ↩

  39. "en:users:drivers:iwlwifi [Linux Wireless]". wireless.wiki.kernel.org. Retrieved 23 March 2018. https://wireless.wiki.kernel.org/en/users/drivers/iwlwifi?do=diff&rev2%5B0%5D=1457423283&rev2%5B1%5D=1459173464&difftype=sidebyside ↩

  40. WPA+TKIP with Hermes (Lucent/Agere Systems) chipsets only. Requires 2.6.28-rc1 or later kernel and v9.42 or later firmware from userspace. ↩

  41. except for the rt2400 chipset; only the rt2500 chipset and the rt2570 chipset are supported ↩

  42. "one user reported that WPA2 works with rt61pci". My.opera.com. Retrieved 2012-12-09. http://my.opera.com/CrazyTerabyte/blog/2009/10/23/wi-fi-with-master-mode-finally ↩

  43. http://linuxwireless.org/en/users/Drivers Archived 2007-10-26 at the Wayback Machine and also at least two users reported success with master mode [1] Archived 2014-12-05 at the Wayback Machine [2] http://linuxwireless.org/en/users/Drivers ↩

  44. "[PATCH v4 17/18] wifi: rtl8xxxu: Declare AP mode support for 8188f". lore.kernel.org. Retrieved 2024-01-08. https://lore.kernel.org/all/[email protected]/ ↩

  45. "Bug 5631 – zd1201 and wpa support". Bugzilla.kernel.org. Retrieved 2012-12-09. http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=5631 ↩

  46. "Bug 5631 – zd1201 and wpa support". Bugzilla.kernel.org. Retrieved 2012-12-09. http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=5631 ↩

  47. "Master mode supported in zd1211rw since 2.6.39". Git.kernel.org. Retrieved 2018-09-15. https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=ab419e9bda10efced0db980478c3e40a1ad18ba3 ↩

  48. 'On Device' means firmware is stored in device at all times ↩

  49. "[base] Contents of /head/sys/contrib/dev/mwl/LICENSE". Svn.freebsd.org. Retrieved 2012-12-09. http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base/head/sys/contrib/dev/mwl/LICENSE?view=markup&pathrev=193240 ↩

  50. "rum-license (covers rum-rt2573 for rum(4), as well as run-rt2870 and run-rt3071 for run(4))". BSD Cross Reference, OpenBSD. http://bxr.su/OpenBSD/sys/dev/microcode/rum/rum-license ↩

  51. "rum-license (covers rum-rt2573 for rum(4), as well as run-rt2870 and run-rt3071 for run(4))". BSD Cross Reference, OpenBSD. http://bxr.su/OpenBSD/sys/dev/microcode/rum/rum-license ↩

  52. "[base] Contents of /head/sys/contrib/dev/uath/ar5523.bin.uu". Svn.freebsd.org. Retrieved 2012-12-09. http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base/head/sys/contrib/dev/uath/ar5523.bin.uu?view=markup&pathrev=190688 ↩

  53. "[base] Contents of /head/sys/dev/usb/wlan/if_urtw.c". Svn.freebsd.org. Retrieved 2012-12-09. http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base/head/sys/dev/usb/wlan/if_urtw.c?view=markup&pathrev=192873 ↩

  54. 'N/A' means firmware is stored in device at all times, 'yes' means firmware is available for totally free redistribution, 'no' means you have to get into non-free-software contract with the manufacturer to get access to the firmware ↩

  55. in terms of no binary-only requirements that are posed by the driver, i.e. you can modify all code that is run on your CPU ↩

  56. 'N/A' means firmware is stored in device at all times, 'yes' means firmware is available for totally free redistribution, 'no' means you have to get into non-free-software contract with the manufacturer to get access to the firmware ↩

  57. in terms of no binary-only requirements that are posed by the driver, i.e. you can modify all code that is run on your CPU ↩

  58. "Manual Pages: acx". Openbsd.org. 2012-09-17. Retrieved 2012-12-09. https://man.openbsd.org/acx.4#FILES ↩

  59. The card doesn't have a host CPU and so it doesn't require a firmware source Archived June 20, 2006, at the Wayback Machine http://kerneltrap.org/node/4118 ↩

  60. ""Move athn(4) USB devices to the open source atk9k HTC firmware."". Openbsd.org. 2018-02-05. Retrieved 2018-02-05. https://cvsweb.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/cvsweb/src/sys/dev/usb/if_athn_usb.c#rev1.49 ↩

  61. "atu-license". BSD Cross Reference, OpenBSD. http://bxr.su/OpenBSD/sys/dev/microcode/atmel/atu-license ↩

  62. "Manual Pages: ipw". Openbsd.org. 2012-09-17. Retrieved 2012-12-09. https://man.openbsd.org/ipw.4#FILES ↩

  63. "Manual Pages: iwi". Openbsd.org. 2012-09-17. Retrieved 2012-12-09. https://man.openbsd.org/iwi.4#FILES ↩

  64. "Manual Pages: iwn". Openbsd.org. 2012-09-17. Retrieved 2012-12-09. https://man.openbsd.org/iwn.4#FILES ↩

  65. "Manual Pages: iwm". Openbsd.org. https://man.openbsd.org/iwm.4#FILES ↩

  66. "I was contracted to write a driver for the Intel 3160/726x wireless chips, a driver which became iwm(4)". beastie.pl. 2015-10-14. Archived from the original on 2016-02-22. Retrieved 2016-02-21. https://web.archive.org/web/20160222082127/http://beastie.pl/deweloperzy-netbsd-7-0-antti-kantee/ ↩

  67. "Add iwm(4), a new driver for Intel 7260 wifi cards". Openbsd.org. 2015-02-06. Retrieved 2016-02-21. http://cvsweb.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/cvsweb/src/sys/dev/pci/if_iwm.c?rev=1.1&content-type=text/x-cvsweb-markup ↩

  68. "Manual Pages: malo". Openbsd.org. 2012-09-17. Retrieved 2012-12-09. https://man.openbsd.org/malo.4#FILES ↩

  69. "Developer Blog – mglocker@: New WLAN drivers on the upswing". Undeadly.org. Retrieved 2012-12-09. https://undeadly.org/cgi?action=article;sid=20061120180656 ↩

  70. "Manual Pages: otus(4)". Openbsd.org. 2012-09-17. Retrieved 2012-12-09. https://man.openbsd.org/otus.4#FILES ↩

  71. "Manual Pages: pgt(4)". Openbsd.org. 2012-09-17. Retrieved 2012-12-09. https://man.openbsd.org/pgt.4#FILES ↩

  72. "OpenBSD reverse engineers more wireless drivers". Undeadly.org. 2004-04-02. Retrieved 2012-12-09. https://www.undeadly.org/cgi?action=article;sid=20060917020241 ↩

  73. "ral-license". BSD Cross Reference, OpenBSD. http://bxr.su/OpenBSD/sys/dev/microcode/ral/ral-license ↩

  74. "Manual Pages: rtwn". Openbsd.org. https://man.openbsd.org/rtwn.4#FILES ↩

  75. "rum-license (covers rum-rt2573 for rum(4), as well as run-rt2870 and run-rt3071 for run(4))". BSD Cross Reference, OpenBSD. http://bxr.su/OpenBSD/sys/dev/microcode/rum/rum-license ↩

  76. "rum-license (covers rum-rt2573 for rum(4), as well as run-rt2870 and run-rt3071 for run(4))". BSD Cross Reference, OpenBSD. http://bxr.su/OpenBSD/sys/dev/microcode/rum/rum-license ↩

  77. "Manual Pages: uath". Openbsd.org. 2012-09-17. Retrieved 2012-12-09. https://man.openbsd.org/uath.4#FILES ↩

  78. "OpenBSD reverse engineers more wireless drivers". Undeadly.org. 2004-04-02. Retrieved 2012-12-09. https://www.undeadly.org/cgi?action=article;sid=20060917020241 ↩

  79. "Manual Pages: upgt(4)". Openbsd.org. 2012-09-17. Retrieved 2012-12-09. https://man.openbsd.org/upgt.4#FILES ↩

  80. "symbol-license". BSD Cross Reference, OpenBSD. http://bxr.su/OpenBSD/sys/dev/microcode/symbol/symbol-license ↩

  81. There is more details about the port at kerneltrap Archived 2012-07-13 at archive.today http://kerneltrap.org/node/6650 ↩

  82. "Manual Pages: wpi". Openbsd.org. 2012-09-17. Retrieved 2012-12-09. https://man.openbsd.org/wpi.4#FILES ↩

  83. "zd1211-licence". BSD Cross Reference, OpenBSD. http://bxr.su/OpenBSD/sys/dev/microcode/zydas/zd1211-license ↩

  84. 'N/A' means firmware is stored in device at all times, 'yes' means firmware is available for totally free redistribution, 'no' means you have to get into non-free-software contract with the manufacturer to get access to the firmware ↩

  85. in terms of no binary-only requirements that are posed by the driver, i.e. you can modify all code that is run on your CPU ↩

  86. it's not the same driver that the OpenBSD ath driver it's a port from Madwifi to OpenSolaris ↩

  87. source Archived 2006-05-16 at archive.today, I don't know if the HAL can be replaced with OpenHAL http://www.opensolaris.org/os/community/laptop/wireless/ath/license.txt ↩

  88. The card doesn't have a host CPU and so it doesn't require a firmware source Archived June 20, 2006, at the Wayback Machine http://kerneltrap.org/node/4118 ↩

  89. 'N/A' means firmware is stored in device at all times, 'yes' means firmware is available for totally free redistribution, 'no' means you have to get into non-free-software contract with the manufacturer to get access to the firmware ↩

  90. "Seattle Wireless WirelessDriver Support Wiki". Seattlewireless.net. 2010-08-15. Archived from the original on 2012-02-05. Retrieved 2012-12-09. https://web.archive.org/web/20120205070925/http://www.seattlewireless.net/WirelessDriver ↩