In philosophy, correlative-based fallacies are informal fallacies based on correlative conjunctions.
Correlative conjunctions
A correlative conjunction is a relationship between two statements where one must be false and the other true. In formal logic this is known as the exclusive or relationship; traditionally, terms between which this relationship exists have been called contradictories.
Examples
In the following example, statement b explicitly negates statement a:
- Fido is a dog.
- Fido is not a dog.
Statements can also be mutually exclusive, without explicitly negating each other as in the following example:
- Object one is larger than object two.
- Object one is smaller or the same size as object two.
Fallacies
Fallacies based on correlatives include:1
False dilemma or false correlative. Here something which is not a correlative is treated as a correlative, excluding some other possibility. Denying the correlative where an attempt is made to introduce another option into a true correlative. Suppressed correlative where the definitions of a correlative are changed so that one of the options includes the other, making one option impossible.See also
External links
Correlational fallacy in psychology
References
Jenicek, M. (2018). How to Think in Medicine: Reasoning, Decision Making, and Communication in Health Sciences and Professions. Taylor & Francis. p. 527. ISBN 978-1-351-68402-6. Retrieved 2 November 2024. 978-1-351-68402-6 ↩