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Debian version history
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Debian releases do not follow a fixed schedule, typically arriving about every two years. The current stable release is Debian 12, codenamed "Bookworm," with Debian 13, "Trixie," in development. Debian maintains three active branches: stable, testing, and unstable. The testing branch, which contains newer packages than stable, is frozen before becoming the next stable release. The unstable branch, also called Sid, hosts active development and is the most volatile. When a new stable is released, the previous stable becomes "oldstable," and prior versions move to "oldoldstable" before eventually being archived. This structure ensures continuous development while maintaining stability for users.

Naming convention

Debian distribution codenames are based on the names of characters from the Toy Story films. Debian's unstable trunk is named after Sid, a character who regularly destroyed his toys.5

Release cycle

Debian Unstable, known as "Sid", contains all the latest packages as soon as they are available, and follows a rolling-release model.6

Once a package has been in Debian Unstable for 2–10 days (depending on the urgency of the upload), doesn't introduce critical bugs and doesn't break other packages (among other conditions), it is included in Debian Testing, also known as "next-stable".7

On average about every two years, Debian Testing enters a "freeze" cycle, where new packages are held back unless they fix critical bugs.89 This frozen state lasts on average 7 months (but can be as short as one month).10 Once Debian Testing doesn't contain any more release critical bugs, it is declared "stable" and released with a version number.11

Release table

Ver.Code­nameRelease dateFinal/latest release (date)No. of Archs.12Package countLinux kernelEnd of supportReferences
BinarySourceSecurityLong-termFreexian ELTS13
Old version, not maintained: 0.90Old version, not maintained: ​26 January 19941??0.99.14t—NoneNone1415
Old version, not maintained: 0.91Old version, not maintained: ​29 January 1994??0.99.14w—16
Old version, not maintained: 0.93R5Old version, not maintained: ​March 1995???—17
Old version, not maintained: 0.93R6Old version, not maintained: ​9 November 1995256?1.2.13—181920
1.0​Never released—————2122
Old version, not maintained: 1.1Old version, not maintained: Buzz17 June 1996474?2.0—2324
Old version, not maintained: 1.2Old version, not maintained: Rex12 December 1996848?2.0.27—2526
Old version, not maintained: 1.3Old version, not maintained: Bo5 June 1997974?2.0.33—2728
Old version, not maintained: 2.0Old version, not maintained: Hamm24 July 19982≈1,500?2.0.34—2930
Old version, not maintained: 2.1Old version, not maintained: Slink9 March 19994≈2,250?2.0.34, 2.0.35, 2.0.36, 2.0.3830 October 2000313233
Old version, not maintained: 2.2Old version, not maintained: Potato14–15 August 20006≈3,900≈2,6002.0.38, 2.2.1930 June 2003343536
Old version, not maintained: 3.0Old version, not maintained: Woody19 July 200211≈8,500?2.2.20, 2.4.1830 June 200637383940
Old version, not maintained: 3.1Old version, not maintained: Sarge6 June 2005≈15,400?2.4.27, 2.6.831 March 2008414243
Old version, not maintained: 4.0Old version, not maintained: Etch8 April 20074.0r9(22 May 2010)≈18,000?2.6.18, 2.6.2415 February 2010444546
Old version, not maintained: 5.0Old version, not maintained: Lenny14 February 20095.0.10(10 Mar 2012)12≈23,000≈12,0002.6.266 February 2012474849
Old version, not maintained: 6.0Old version, not maintained: Squeeze6 February 20116.0.10(19 Jul 2014)11≈29,000≈15,0002.6.3231 May 201429 February 20165051525354
Old version, not maintained: 7Old version, not maintained: Wheezy4 May 20137.11(4 Jun 2016)13≈36,000≈17,5003.225 April 201631 May 201830 June 202055565758596061
Old version, not maintained: 8Old version, not maintained: Jessie25–26 April 20158.11(23 Jun 2018)10≈43,000≈20,0003.1617 June 201830 June 202030 June 2025626364656667
Old version, not maintained: 9Old version, not maintained: Stretch17 June 20179.13(18 Jul 2020)≈51,000≈25,0004.918 July 202030 June 202230 June 2027686970717273
Old version, not maintained: 10Old version, not maintained: Buster6 July 201910.13(10 Sep 2022)≈59,000≈29,0004.1910 September 202230 June 202430 June 2029747576777879808182
Old version, still maintained: 11Old version, still maintained: Bullseye14 August 202111.11(31 Aug 2024)959,55131,3875.1015 August 202431 August 202630 June 203183848586878889909192939495
Latest version: 12Latest version: Bookworm10 June 202312.10(15 March 2025)64,41934,7806.1June 2026June 202830 June 203396979899100101102103104105106107
Future version: 13Future version: TrixieTBATBATBATBATBATBATBATBA—108109110111
Future version: 14Future version: ForkyTBATBATBATBATBATBATBATBA—112
Future version: 15Future version: DukeTBATBATBATBATBATBATBATBA—113
unstableSidRolling release22114>67,000115>32,0001166.12.13———117118119120
experimentalRC-BuggyRolling release? 13 ?121>9800122~45001236.13.2———124125126127128129
Legend:Old version, not maintainedOld version, still maintainedLatest versionLatest preview versionFuture version

When a release transitions to long-term support phase (LTS-phase), security is no longer handled by the main Debian security team.130 Only a subset of Debian architectures are eligible for Long Term Support, and there is no support for packages in backports.131

Release history

Debian 1.0 was never released, as a vendor accidentally shipped a development release with that version number.132 The package management system dpkg and its front-end dselect were developed and implemented on Debian in a previous release. A transition from the a.out binary format to the ELF binary format had already begun before the planned 1.0 release. The only supported architecture was Intel 80386 (i386).133

Debian 1.1 (Buzz)

Debian 1.1 (Buzz), released 17 June 1996, contained 474 packages. Debian had fully transitioned to the ELF binary format and used Linux kernel 2.0.134

Debian 1.2 (Rex)

Debian 1.2 (Rex), released 12 December 1996, contained 848 packages maintained by 120 developers.135

Debian 1.3 (Bo)

Debian 1.3 (Bo), released 5 June 1997, contained 974 packages maintained by 200 developers.136

Point releases:

  • 1.3.1 (8 July 1997; 27 years ago (1997-07-08))137
  • 1.3.1r1 (Release date unknown)
  • 1.3.1r2 (Release date unknown)
  • 1.3.1r3 (Release date unknown)
  • 1.3.1r4 (Release date unknown)
  • 1.3.1r5 (23 December 1997; 27 years ago (1997-12-23))
  • 1.3.1r6 (3 February 1998; 27 years ago (1998-02-03))138

Debian 2.0 (Hamm)

Debian 2.0 (Hamm), released 24 July 1998, contained over 1,500 packages maintained by over 400 developers. A transition was made to libc6 and Debian was ported to the Motorola 68000 series (m68k) architectures.139

Point releases:

  • 2.0r1 (24 July 1998; 26 years ago (1998-07-24))140
  • 2.0r2 (29 August 1998; 26 years ago (1998-08-29))
  • 2.0r3 (21 September 1998; 26 years ago (1998-09-21))
  • 2.0r4 (7 December 1998; 26 years ago (1998-12-07))
  • 2.0r5 (15 March 1999; 26 years ago (1999-03-15))

Debian 2.1 (Slink)

Debian 2.1 (Slink), released 9 March 1999,141 contained about 2,250 packages. The front-end APT was introduced for the package management system and Debian was ported to Alpha and SPARC.142143

Point releases:

  • 2.1r1 (Possibly never released)144
  • 2.1r2 (27 June 1999; 25 years ago (1999-06-27))145
  • 2.1r3 (4 September 1999; 25 years ago (1999-09-04))146
  • 2.1r4 (15 December 1999; 25 years ago (1999-12-15))147
  • 2.1r5 (16 February 2000; 25 years ago (2000-02-16))148

Debian 2.2 (Potato)

Debian 2.2 (Potato), released 14–15 August 2000, contained 2,600 packages maintained by more than 450 developers. New packages included the display manager GDM, the directory service OpenLDAP, the security software OpenSSH and the mail transfer agent Postfix. Debian was ported to the PowerPC and ARM architectures.149150151

Point releases:

  • 2.2r1 (14 November 2000; 24 years ago (2000-11-14))152
  • 2.2r2 (5 December 2000; 24 years ago (2000-12-05))153
  • 2.2r3 (17 April 2001; 24 years ago (2001-04-17))154
  • 2.2r4 (5 November 2001; 23 years ago (2001-11-05))155
  • 2.2r5 (10 January 2002; 23 years ago (2002-01-10))156
  • 2.2r6 (3 April 2002; 23 years ago (2002-04-03))157
  • 2.2r7 (13 July 2002; 22 years ago (2002-07-13))158

Debian 3.0 (Woody)

Debian 3.0 (Woody), released 19 July 2002, contained around 8,500 packages maintained by more than 900 developers. KDE was introduced and Debian was ported to the following architectures: IA-64, PA-RISC (hppa), mips and mipsel and IBM ESA/390 (s390).159160161

Point releases:

  • 3.0r1 (16 December 2002; 22 years ago (2002-12-16))162
  • 3.0r2 (21 November 2003; 21 years ago (2003-11-21))163
  • 3.0r3 (26 October 2004; 20 years ago (2004-10-26))164
  • 3.0r4 (1 January 2005; 20 years ago (2005-01-01))165
  • 3.0r5 (16 April 2005; 20 years ago (2005-04-16))166
  • 3.0r6 (2 June 2005; 19 years ago (2005-06-02))167

Debian 3.1 (Sarge)

Debian 3.1 (Sarge), released 6 June 2005, contained around 15,400 packages. debian-installer and OpenOffice.org were introduced.168169 Point releases:

  • 3.1r1 (20 December 2005; 19 years ago (2005-12-20))170171
  • 3.1r2 (19 April 2006; 19 years ago (2006-04-19))172173
  • 3.1r3 (1 September 2006; 18 years ago (2006-09-01))174175
  • 3.1r4 (6 November 2006; 18 years ago (2006-11-06))176177
  • 3.1r5 (18 February 2007; 18 years ago (2007-02-18))178179
  • 3.1r6 (7 April 2007; 18 years ago (2007-04-07))180181
  • 3.1r7 (28 December 2007; 17 years ago (2007-12-28))182183
  • 3.1r8 (13 April 2008; 17 years ago (2008-04-13)) this is the final update for codename Sarge.184185

Debian 4.0 (Etch)

Debian 4.0 (Etch), released 8 April 2007, contained around 18,000 packages maintained by more than 1,030 developers. Debian was ported to x86-64 (amd64) and support for the Motorola 68000 series (m68k) architecture was dropped.186187 This version introduced utf-8 and udev device management by default.

Point releases:

  • 4.0r1 (17 August 2007; 17 years ago (2007-08-17))188189
  • 4.0r2 (27 December 2007; 17 years ago (2007-12-27))190191
  • 4.0r3 (17 February 2008; 17 years ago (2008-02-17))192193
  • 4.0r4 (26 July 2008; 16 years ago (2008-07-26))194195
  • 4.0r5 (23 October 2008; 16 years ago (2008-10-23))196197
  • 4.0r6 (18 December 2008; 16 years ago (2008-12-18))198199
  • 4.0r7 (10 February 2009; 16 years ago (2009-02-10))200201
  • 4.0r8 (8 April 2009; 16 years ago (2009-04-08))202203
  • 4.0r9 (22 May 2010; 14 years ago (2010-05-22)) this is the final update for codename Etch204205

Debian 5.0 (Lenny)

Debian 5.0 (Lenny), released 14 February 2009, contained more than 23,000 packages. Debian was ported to the ARM EABI (armel) architecture.206207208

Point releases:

  • 5.0.1 (11 April 2009; 16 years ago (2009-04-11))209210
  • 5.0.2 (27 June 2009; 15 years ago (2009-06-27))211212
  • 5.0.3 (5 September 2009; 15 years ago (2009-09-05))213214
  • 5.0.4 (30 January 2010; 15 years ago (2010-01-30))215216
  • 5.0.5 (26 July 2010; 14 years ago (2010-07-26))217218
  • 5.0.6 (4 September 2010; 14 years ago (2010-09-04))219220
  • 5.0.7 (27 November 2010; 14 years ago (2010-11-27))221
  • 5.0.8 (22 January 2011; 14 years ago (2011-01-22))222
  • 5.0.9 (22 January 2011; 14 years ago (2011-01-22))223
  • 5.0.10 (10 March 2012; 13 years ago (2012-03-10)) this is the final update for codename Lenny.224

Debian 6.0 (Squeeze)

Debian 6.0 (Squeeze), released 6 February 2011, contained more than 29,000 packages. The default Linux kernel included was deblobbed beginning with this release. The web browser Chromium was introduced and Debian was ported to the kfreebsd-i386 and kfreebsd-amd64 architectures (while that port was later discontinued), and support for the Intel 486, Alpha, and PA-RISC (hppa) architectures was dropped.225226227228

Squeeze was the first release of Debian in which non-free firmware components (aka "binary blobs") were excluded from the "main" repository as a matter of policy.229230231232

Point releases:

  • 6.0.1 (19 March 2011; 14 years ago (2011-03-19))233
  • 6.0.2 (25 June 2011; 13 years ago (2011-06-25))234
  • 6.0.3 (8 October 2011; 13 years ago (2011-10-08))235
  • 6.0.4 (28 January 2012; 13 years ago (2012-01-28))236
  • 6.0.5 (12 May 2012; 12 years ago (2012-05-12))237
  • 6.0.6 (29 September 2012; 12 years ago (2012-09-29))238
  • 6.0.7 (23 February 2013; 12 years ago (2013-02-23))239
  • 6.0.8 (20 October 2013; 11 years ago (2013-10-20))240
  • 6.0.9 (15 February 2014; 11 years ago (2014-02-15))241
  • 6.0.10 (19 June 2014; 10 years ago (2014-06-19)) this is the final update for codename Squeeze.242
  • Squeeze long term support reached end-of-life (29 February 2016; 9 years ago (2016-02-29))243

Debian 7 (Wheezy)

Debian 7 (Wheezy), released 4 May 2013, contained more than 36,000 packages. Support for UEFI was added and Debian was ported to the armhf and IBM z/Architecture (s390x) architectures.244245246247

Point releases:

  • 7.1 (15 June 2013; 11 years ago (2013-06-15))248
  • 7.2 (12 October 2013; 11 years ago (2013-10-12))249
  • 7.3 (14 December 2013; 11 years ago (2013-12-14))250
  • 7.4 (8 February 2014; 11 years ago (2014-02-08))251
  • 7.5 (26 April 2014; 10 years ago (2014-04-26))252
  • 7.6 (12 July 2014; 10 years ago (2014-07-12))253
  • 7.7 (18 October 2014; 10 years ago (2014-10-18))254
  • 7.8 (10 January 2015; 10 years ago (2015-01-10))255
  • Debian 8.0 codename Jessie releases, Wheezy becomes oldstable (25 April 2015; 9 years ago (2015-04-25))
  • 7.9 (5 September 2015; 9 years ago (2015-09-05))256
  • 7.10 (2 April 2016; 9 years ago (2016-04-02))257
  • 7.11 (4 June 2016; 8 years ago (2016-06-04)) this is the final update for codename Wheezy.258
  • Debian 9.0 codename Stretch releases, Wheezy becomes oldoldstable (17 June 2017; 7 years ago (2017-06-17))
  • Wheezy long term support reached end-of-life (1 June 2018; 6 years ago (2018-06-01))259
  • Wheezy extended long term support reached end-of-life (30 June 2020; 4 years ago (2020-06-30)).260

Debian 8 (Jessie)

Debian 8 (Jessie), released 25 April 2015, contained more than 43,000 packages, with systemd installed by default instead of init. (sysvinit and upstart packages are provided as alternatives.) Debian was ported to the ARM64 and ppc64le architectures, while support for the IA-64, kfreebsd-amd64 and kfreebsd-i386, IBM ESA/390 (s390) (only the 31-bit variant; the newer 64-bit s390x was retained) and SPARC architectures were dropped.261262263

Long term support ended June 2020.264

Point releases:

  • 8.1 (6 June 2015; 9 years ago (2015-06-06))265
  • 8.2 (5 September 2015; 9 years ago (2015-09-05))266
  • 8.3 (23 January 2016; 9 years ago (2016-01-23))267
  • 8.4 (2 April 2016; 9 years ago (2016-04-02))268
  • 8.5 (4 June 2016; 8 years ago (2016-06-04))269
  • 8.6 (17 September 2016; 8 years ago (2016-09-17))270
  • 8.7 (14 January 2017; 8 years ago (2017-01-14))271
  • 8.8 (6 May 2017; 7 years ago (2017-05-06))272
  • Debian 9.0 codename Stretch releases, Jessie becomes oldstable (17 June 2017; 7 years ago (2017-06-17))
  • 8.9 (22 July 2017; 7 years ago (2017-07-22))273
  • 8.10 (9 December 2017; 7 years ago (2017-12-09))274
  • Regular security support updates have been discontinued (17 June 2018; 6 years ago (2018-06-17))275
  • 8.11 (23 June 2018; 6 years ago (2018-06-23)) this is the final update for codename Jessie.276
  • Debian 10.0 codename Buster releases, Jessie becomes oldoldstable (6 July 2019; 5 years ago (2019-07-06))
  • Jessie long term support reached end-of-life (30 June 2020; 4 years ago (2020-06-30))277
  • Jessie extended long term support reaches end-of-life (30 June 2025; 2 months' time (2025-06-30))278

Debian 9 (Stretch)

Debian 9 (Stretch) was released on 17 June 2017, two years and two months after Debian 8.0, and contained more than 51,000 packages.279 The final minor update, called a "point release", is version 9.13,280 released on 18 July 2020; 4 years ago (2020-07-18). Major upgrades include the Linux kernel going from version 3.16 to 4.9, GNOME desktop version going from 3.14 to 3.22, KDE Plasma 4 was upgraded to Plasma 5, LibreOffice 4.3 upgraded to 5.2 and Qt upgraded from 4.8 to 5.7. LXQt has been added as well.

The Intel i586 (Pentium), i586/i686 hybrid and PowerPC architectures are no longer supported as of Stretch.281282283

Point releases:

  • 9.1 (22 July 2017; 7 years ago (2017-07-22))284
  • 9.2 (7 October 2017; 7 years ago (2017-10-07))285
  • 9.3 (9 December 2017; 7 years ago (2017-12-09))286
  • 9.4 (10 March 2018; 7 years ago (2018-03-10))287
  • 9.5 (14 July 2018; 6 years ago (2018-07-14))288
  • 9.6 (10 November 2018; 6 years ago (2018-11-10))289
  • 9.7 (23 January 2019; 6 years ago (2019-01-23))290
  • 9.8 (16 February 2019; 6 years ago (2019-02-16))291
  • 9.9 (27 April 2019; 5 years ago (2019-04-27))292
  • Stretch becomes oldstable, Buster becomes stable release (6 July 2019; 5 years ago (2019-07-06))
  • 9.10 (7 September 2019; 5 years ago (2019-09-07))293
  • 9.11 (8 September 2019; 5 years ago (2019-09-08))294
  • 9.12 (8 February 2020; 5 years ago (2020-02-08))295
  • 9.13 (18 July 2020; 4 years ago (2020-07-18)) this is the final update for codename Stretch.296
  • Stretch long term support reached end-of-life (30 June 2022; 2 years ago (2022-06-30))297
  • Stretch extended long term support reaches end-of-life (30 June 2027; 2 years' time (2027-06-30))298

Debian 10 (Buster)

Debian 10 (Buster) was released on 6 July 2019; 5 years ago (2019-07-06). It was two years and a month after Debian 9 (Stretch).299 Debian 10 contains 57,703 packages, supports UEFI Secure Boot,300 has AppArmor enabled by default, uses LUKS2 as the default LUKS format, and uses Wayland for GNOME by default.

Debian 10 ships with Linux kernel version 4.19.301 Available desktops include Cinnamon 3.8, GNOME 3.30, KDE Plasma 5.14, LXDE 0.99.2, LXQt 0.14, MATE 1.20, Xfce 4.12. Key application software includes LibreOffice 6.1 for office productivity, VLC 3.0 for media viewing, and Firefox ESR for web browsing.302

Point releases:

  • 10.1 (7 September 2019; 5 years ago (2019-09-07))303304
  • 10.2 (16 November 2019; 5 years ago (2019-11-16))305
  • 10.3 (8 February 2020; 5 years ago (2020-02-08))306
  • 10.4 (9 May 2020; 4 years ago (2020-05-09))307
  • 10.5 (1 August 2020; 4 years ago (2020-08-01))308
  • 10.6 (26 September 2020; 4 years ago (2020-09-26))309
  • 10.7 (5 December 2020; 4 years ago (2020-12-05))310
  • 10.8 (6 February 2021; 4 years ago (2021-02-06))311
  • 10.9 (27 March 2021; 4 years ago (2021-03-27))312
  • 10.10 (19 June 2021; 3 years ago (2021-06-19))313
  • Buster becomes oldstable, Bullseye is the current stable release (14 August 2021; 3 years ago (2021-08-14))314
  • 10.11 (9 October 2021; 3 years ago (2021-10-09))315
  • 10.12 (26 March 2022; 3 years ago (2022-03-26))316
  • 10.13 (10 September 2022; 2 years ago (2022-09-10)) this is the final update for codename Buster317
  • Buster long term support reached end-of-life (30 June 2024; 9 months ago (2024-06-30))318
  • Buster extended long term support reaches end-of-life (30 June 2029; 4 years' time (2029-06-30))319

Debian 11 (Bullseye)

Debian 11 (Bullseye) was released on 14 August 2021.320 It is based on the Linux 5.10 LTS kernel and will be supported for five years.321

On 12 November 2020, it was announced that "Homeworld", by Juliette Taka, will be the default theme for Debian 11, after winning a public poll held with eighteen choices.322

Bullseye dropped the remaining Qt4/KDE 4 libraries and Python 2,323324 and shipped with Qt 5.15 KDE Plasma 5.20.325 Available desktops include Gnome 3.38, KDE Plasma 5.20, LXDE 11, LXQt 0.16, MATE 1.24, and Xfce 4.16.326327328

Bullseye does not support the older big-endian 32-bit MIPS architectures.329 This is not to be confused with the more common i386 32-bit architecture which is still supported.

The first of the code freezes, readying Debian 11 for release, began on 12 January 2021.330

Development freeze timetable:

  • 12 January, 2021: transition freeze331
  • 12 February, 2021: soft freeze332
  • 12 March, 2021: hard freeze333
  • 17 July, 2021: full freeze
  • 14 August, 2021: release

Point releases:

  • 11.1 (9 October 2021; 3 years ago (2021-10-09))334
  • 11.2 (18 December 2021; 3 years ago (2021-12-18))335
  • 11.3 (26 March 2022; 3 years ago (2022-03-26))336
  • 11.4 (9 July 2022; 2 years ago (2022-07-09))337
  • 11.5 (10 September 2022; 2 years ago (2022-09-10))338
  • 11.6 (17 December 2022; 2 years ago (2022-12-17))339
  • 11.7 (29 April 2023; 23 months ago (2023-04-29))340
  • Bullseye becomes oldstable, Bookworm is the current stable release (10 June 2023; 22 months ago (2023-06-10))341
  • 11.8 (7 October 2023; 18 months ago (2023-10-07))342
  • 11.9 (10 February 2024; 14 months ago (2024-02-10))343
  • 11.10 (29 June 2024; 9 months ago (2024-06-29))344
  • 11.11 (31 August 2024; 7 months ago (2024-08-31)); this is the final point release for Bullseye345

Debian 12 (Bookworm)

Debian 12 (Bookworm) was released on 10 June 2023.346 It is based on Linux kernel v6.1 LTS, and uses GNOME 43 as its default desktop environment, but as usual many other desktops are available, such as KDE Plasma 5.27, LXDE 11, LXQt 1.2.0, MATE 1.26, and Xfce 4.18.347

Bookworm raised the compatibility level of its 32 bit x86 PC port from i586 to i686 compatibility.348349

Debian 12 (Bookworm) is the last version of Debian with KDE Plasma 5.

Starting with Debian 12, non-free firmware packages from the "non-free-firmware" section of the Debian archive was enabled by default in the official installer and live images if and when the system determines that these packages are required, such as with modern Wi-Fi cards and modern graphics cards.350 A change was also made to the Debian Social Contract to allow for this change to be made.351

On 13 October 2022, the Release Team announced the freeze development milestone timeline for this release:352353

  • 12 January 2023: transition and toolchain
  • 12 February 2023: soft freeze
  • 12 March 2023: hard freeze

Point releases:

  • 12.1 (22 July 2023; 20 months ago (2023-07-22))354
  • 12.2 (7 October 2023; 18 months ago (2023-10-07))355
  • 12.3 (Cancelled, was intended to be released 9 December 2023; 16 months ago (2023-12-09))356
  • 12.4 (10 December 2023; 16 months ago (2023-12-10))357
  • 12.5 (10 February 2024; 14 months ago (2024-02-10))358
  • 12.6 (29 June 2024; 9 months ago (2024-06-29) (delayed from 6 April 2024; 12 months ago (2024-04-06)))359360
  • 12.7 (31 August 2024; 7 months ago (2024-08-31))361
  • 12.8 (9 November 2024; 5 months ago (2024-11-09))362363364
  • 12.9 (11 January 2025; 3 months ago (2025-01-11))365366367
  • 12.10 (March 15, 2025; 37 days ago (2025-03-15))368

Debian 13 (Trixie)

With the release of Debian 12 on June 10, 2023, testing is now also known by the codename Trixie which is anticipated to be released as Debian 13 in 2025.369 It is likely to use the v6.12 LTS kernel.

Debian 13 will add support for RISC-V, definitely in the 64 bit version riscv64 and only possibly in the 32 bit version riscv32.370371372373374

Debian 13 will drop support for the mipsel architecture,375 and drop the installers for the i386 and armel architectures.376

Debian 13 will feature KDE Plasma 6.377

Key release dates:378

  • [31th December 2024]: Debian Installer Trixie Alpha 1 release https://www.debian.org/devel/debian-installer/News/2024/20241231
  • [2025-03-15]: Transition and Toolchain Freeze
  • [2025-04-15]: Soft Freeze
  • [2025-05-15]: Hard Freeze - for key packages and packages without autopkgtests
  • [TBA]: Full Freeze
  • [TBA]: Deadline for unblock requests

Debian 14 (Forky)

Following the release of Debian 13 (Trixie), testing will also be known by the codename Forky which is anticipated to be released as Debian 14 in 2027.379

Release timeline

Timeline description
ReleaseFirstFromLastUntilReferences
Buzz1.117 June 1996——
Rex1.212 December 1996——
Bo1.35 June 19971.3.1.r816 May 1998
Hamm2.0r024 July 19982.0r515 February 1999380
Slink2.1r09 March 19992.1r530 September 2000381
Potato2.2r014–15 August 20002.2r719 July 2002382
Woody3.0r019 July 20023.0r630 June 2006383
Sarge3.1r06 June 20053.1r812 April 2008384
Etch4.0r08 April 20074.0r922 May 2010385
Lenny5.014 February 20095.0.1010 March 2012386
Squeeze6.06 February 20116.0.1019 July 2014387
Wheezy7.04 May 20137.114 June 2016388
Jessie8.025 April 20158.1117 June 2018389
Stretch9.017 June 20179.1318 July 2020390
Buster10.06 July 201910.1310 September 2022391
Bullseye11.014 August 202111.11TBA392
Bookworm12.010 June 202312.10TBA393

Port timeline

Timeline description
PortPointer SizeEndianAddedDroppedStatusReferences
alpha64 bitsLittleSlinkSqueezeports394
amd6464 bitsLittleEtchCurrentrelease395
arm32 bitsLittlePotatoSqueeze-396
armel32 bitsLittleLennyCurrentrelease397
armhf32 bitsLittleWheezyCurrentrelease398
arm6464 bitsLittleJessieCurrentrelease399
hppa32 bitsBigWoodySqueezeports400
i38632 bitsLittlefirstCurrentrelease401
ia6464 bitsLittleWoodyJessieports402
kfreebsd-amd6464 bitsLittleSqueezeJessieports403
kfreebsd-i38632 bitsLittleSqueezeJessieports404
m68k32 bitsBigHammEtchports405
mips32 bitsBigWoodyBullseye-406
mips64el64 bitsLittleStretchCurrentrelease407
mipsel32 bitsLittleWoodyTrixierelease408
powerpc32 bitsBigPotatoStretchports409
ppc64le64 bitsLittleJessieCurrentrelease410
s39032 bitsBigWoodyJessie-411
s390x64 bitsBigWheezyCurrentrelease412
sparc32 bitsBigSlinkJessie-413

Many of past architectures, plus some that have not yet achieved release status, are available from the debian-ports repository.

See also

  • Free and open-source software portal
  • Linux portal

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