At the national level, Samoa elects a legislature. The Fono or Legislative Assembly has 51 members elected for a five-year term from 51 electoral constituencies. Prior to 2019, the Legislative Assembly has 49 members, 47 members out of the matai (traditional heads of families) six of whom are elected from two-seat constituencies and 35 from single-seat constituencies, and 2 members by the non-Samoan nationals. The head of state is elected for a five-year term by the Fono.
The voting age in Samoa is 21.
Samoa has a two-party system, which means that there are two dominant political parties.
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Latest election
Main article: 2021 Samoan general election
| Party | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Human Rights Protection Party | 49,237 | 55.38 | 25 | −10 | |
| Faʻatuatua i le Atua Samoa ua Tasi | 32,510 | 36.57 | 25 | New | |
| Tautua Samoa Party | 2,900 | 3.26 | 0 | −2 | |
| Samoa First Party | 207 | 0.23 | 0 | New | |
| Sovereign Independent Samoa Party | 30 | 0.03 | 0 | New | |
| Independents | 4,025 | 4.53 | 1 | −12 | |
| Total | 88,909 | 100.00 | 51 | +1 | |
| Valid votes | 88,909 | 99.32 | |||
| Invalid/blank votes | 605 | 0.68 | |||
| Total votes | 89,514 | 100.00 | |||
| Registered voters/turnout | 128,848 | 69.47 | |||
| Source: Government of Samoa, Seat counts, Registered voters; Candidate affiliations of all except Vaa o Fonoti,Anoamaa 1 and Aleipata Itupa i Luga | |||||
By-elections
Below is a list of recent by-elections:
| Election | Date | Reason | Winner |
| 1998 A'ana Alofi No 1 By-election | 24 July 1998 | Disqualification of Suafo'a Lautusi | Maiava Visekota Peteru (HRPP) |
| 1998 Faleata East By-election | 28 August 1998 | Appointment of Matai'a Visesio Europa to the Council of Deputies | Patau'ave Etuale (SNDP) |
| 1999 Fa’asalele’aga No 1 By-election | 21 May 1999 | Death of Tofilau Eti Alesana | Seumanu Aita Ah Wa (HRPP) |
| 2002 Faleata East By-election | 2002 | Appointment of Faumuina Anapapa to the Council of Deputies | Lepou Petelo II |
| 2002 Alataua West By-election | 30 November 2002 | Death of Alii-male-manu Sasa | Ta’atiti Alofa (SNDP) |
| 2003 Alataua West By-election | 1 August 2003 | Death of Ta’atiti Alofa | Unknown (HRPP) |
| 2004 Fa’asalele’aga No 1 By-election | 19 March 2004 | Death of Seumanu Aita Ah Wa | Tiata Sili Pulufana |
| 2004 A'ana Alofi No 1 By-election | 26 November 2004 | Death of Apule Pepe Metai | Aiono Tile Gafa (HRPP) |
| 2005 Anoama'a East By-election | 2005 | Elevation of Tui Atua Tupua Tamasese Efi to the Council of Deputies | Unknown |
| 2005 Anoama'a West By-election | March 2005 | Resignation of Tuala Tagaloa Sale Kerslake | Fonotoe Pierre Lauofo (HRPP) |
| 2006 Fa’asalele’aga No 2 By-election | 24 September 2006 | Election of Pa’u Sefo Pa’u declared invalid | Rita Pa’u Letoa (HRPP) |
| 2006 Aleipata Itupa-I-Lalo By-election | 6 October 2006 | Election of Paepae Kapeli Su’a declared invalid | Muagututi’ a Siaosi Meredith (HRPP) |
| 2006 Fa’asalele’aga No 4 By-election | 6 October 2006 | Election of Mulitalo Sealiimalietoa Siafausa Vui declared invalid | Vui Tupe Ioane (HRPP) |
| 2007 Fa’asalele’aga No 2 By-election | 2 February 2007 | Election of Rita Pa’u Letoa declared invalid | Papalii Samuelu Petaia (HRPP) |
| 2007 Faleata East By-election | 23 April 2007 | Death of Manuleleua Lalagofaatasi Falaniko Leleua | Patau'ave Etuale (HRPP) |
| 2007 Vaimauga West By-election | 6 May 2007 | Death of Sililoto Tolo Tua'ifaiva | Patu Ativalu (HRPP) |
| 2010 Vaisigano No.1 By-election | 2 May 2010 | Disqualification of Va'ai Papu Vailupe | Va'ai Papu Vailupe (TSP) |
| 2010 Faleata West By-election | 14 May 2010 | Disqualification of Lealailepule Rimoni Aiafi | Ale Vena Ale (HRPP) |
| 2010 Safata By-election | 14 May 2010 | Disqualification of Palusalue Fa’apo II | Palusalue Fa’apo II (TSP) |
| 2011 Aleipata Itupa I Luga by-election | 29 July 2011 | Disqualification of Taua Kitiona Seuala (HRPP) | Fagaaivalu Kenrick Samu (HRPP) |
| 2011 Anoamaa East by-election | 29 July 2011 | Disqualification of Alai'asa Filipo Schwartz Hunt (HRPP) | Alo Fulifuli Taveuveu (HRPP) |
| 2011 Satupaitea by-election | 29 July 2011 | Disqualification of Tavu'i Tiafau Salevao (HRPP) | Lautafi Fio Selafi Purcell (HRPP) |
| 2011 Vaisigano No.1 by-election | 29 July 2011 | Disqualification of Va'ai Papu Vailupe (TSP) | Tufuga Gafoleata Faitua (HRPP) |
| 2014 Gaga'ifomauga No.1 by-election | 15 August 2014 | Death of Tuilo'a Anitele'a Tuilo'a (HRPP) | Faimalotoa Kika Stowers (HRPP) |
| 2015 Sagaga-le-Usoga by-election | 17 April 2015 | Resignation of Muagututagata Peter Ah Him (HRPP) | Seiuli Ueligitone Seiuli (HRPP) |
| 2021 Samoan by-elections | 26 November 2021 | 7 seats declared vacant by election petitions | 5 FAST, 2 HRPP MPs elected |
| 2022 Gagaʻifomauga 2 by-election | 3 June 2022 | Death of Vaʻele Paʻiaʻaua Iona Sekuini (FAST) | Fo'isala Lilo Tu'u Ioane (FAST) |
| 2023 Vaimauga 3 by-election | 24 February 2023 | Death of Tapunuu Niko Lee Hang (HRPP) | Lautimuia Uelese Vaʻai (FAST) |
| 2023 Faleata No. 4 by-election | 15 September 2023 | Resignation of Ale Vena Ale (HRPP) | Ale Vena Ale (FAST) |
| 2023 Siʻumu by-election | 15 September 2023 | Resignation of Tuʻuʻu Anasiʻi Leota (HRPP) | Tuʻuʻu Anasiʻi Leota (FAST) |
| 2023 Vaʻa-o-Fonoti by-election | 15 September 2023 | Resignation of Mauʻu Siaosi Puʻepuʻemai (HRPP) | Mauʻu Siaosi Puʻepuʻemai (FAST) |