Elisabeth MacIntyre (born Elisabeth Innes MacIntyre, also spelled Elizabeth MacIntyre; 1 November 1916 – 7 July 2004) was an Australian writer and illustrator. She mainly produced children's picture books and cartoon strips, but also created cartoon strips for adults and novels for young adults. She is recognised as "a staunch advocate of promoting Australian animals and surrounds in an era when the majority of children's books were imported from England". Her picture books appealed for their lively, bright illustrations and "irresistible", "infectious", stories (several in rhyme), which used line and words economically and effectively. She was successful in the Australian, American and British markets, and some of her novels were also translated into German and Japanese. Her best known works are Ambrose Kangaroo, Susan, Who Lives in Australia (also published as Katherine), and Hugh's Zoo, for which she won the Australian Children's Book of the Year Award: Picture Book in 1965.
Biography
MacIntyre was born in Sydney on 1 November 1916,456 the daughter of John Norman MacIntyre,7 owner of a station near Burketown, North Queensland, and his wife Laura Minnie (née Rendall).8 She had one brother and one sister9 (playwright Peggy C. MacIntyre),10 and grew up in country New South Wales.1112 Her grandfather Donald MacIntyre, of Dalgonally Station in north Queensland, was the cousin of Duncan McIntyre, an explorer.1314 MacIntyre became deaf in her teenage years as a result of an accident.151617 She attended first Sydney Church of England Girls Grammar School, and then Bowral High School.18 She studied commercial art at East Sydney Technical College,19202122 and credited Thea Proctor for giving her encouragement and inspiration in her art.2324 She worked as a graphic designer, starting at a printing company in Woolloomooloo, where her first job was to design display cards,25 and then at an advertising company,26 where she designed soap and cosmetics packaging.27 During World War II, MacIntyre worked as a fruit picker in the Women's Land Army.282930 She married artist John Roy Eldershaw in about 1950;31 they had one daughter, and lived at Narrabeen, in Sydney's Northern Beaches area.32 When her marriage ended, MacIntyre took other jobs,33 including working in the display section of department store David Jones.3435
Career
Ambrose Kangaroo
MacIntyre sketched ideas for toys and children's books while working on her assigned tasks at the advertising agency.36 She published her first book, Ambrose Kangaroo, in Sydney in 1941.3738 She also sent it to Scribner's in the US, who published it the following year.3940 A Canadian reviewer considered it outstanding,41 and US reviewers thought Ambrose was "delightfully droll",42 "just as amusing as Ferdinand the Bull".43 One US reviewer wrote, "Never did kangaroos look like [this]. But we would not have it otherwise for Ambrose in his blue trousers and wearing a suggestion of a yellow hat between his enormous ears bids fair to captivate a very young audience."44 Australian reviewers also liked Ambrose Kangaroo, finding it an "irresistible story",45 which "will entrance the small fry".46 Ambrose went into several Australian editions, and returned in further books in Ambrose kangaroo has a busy day (1944), Ambrose Kangaroo goes to town (1964),47 and Ambrose kangaroo delivers the goods (1978).48 From 1945,49 MacIntyre also drew an Ambrose Kangaroo comic strip50 for The Sunday Telegraph, Sydney,51 for about seven years,525354 and created an Ambrose Kangaroo TV cartoon, which screened on ABC TV from 1958.5556
Cartoon strips
MacIntyre also created several other comic strips during the 1950s. One featured George, "a studious little boy who wanted to learn all about Australia",57 published in Melbourne; Annabelle, published in the Australian Women's Weekly, a "gay, irresponsible, exasperating, far-from-perfect secretary ... [who] you can't help liking";58 and Mother, a weekly cartoon in another women's magazine,59 whose "hardships and experiences are mainly autobiographical", according to MacIntyre.60
Informational picture books
Following the US publication of Ambrose in 1942, MacIntyre was asked by Scribners to write about Australia for an American audience, as many American servicemen were based in Australia, and their families wanted to learn about the country.616263 Susan, Who Lives in Australia was published in the US in 1944, and subsequently published in Australia in 1946 under the title Katherine.646566 The main character was a small girl who lived on a sheep station and had a holiday in Sydney.676869 MacIntyre travelled to America in the early 1950s to meet with her publishers there, and to learn about the reading tastes of American children.7071 Her success in the American market boosted her status in Australia.72 Two later revised editions of Katherine were published in Australia in 1958 and 1963,73 and all were warmly received, with reviewers in 1946 describing it as charming,7475 while a 1958 reviewer called it "one of the most delightful Australian books issued for a long time. Lively, sunny drawings of pets, people and recognisable places and an agreeable rhyming text will make it a favourite".76 Muir's A history of Australian children's book illustration considered it "undoubtedly one of the most outstanding Australian childrens [sic] books of the immediate post-war period",77 while the biographical dictionary Twentieth-century children's writers described it as "a straightforward, amusing, uncomplicated description of a little girl "who lives in Australia/ With her toys and her pets and her paraphernalia" [which] has proved to have the most universal and lasting appeal" of MacIntyre's books.78
Other non-fiction works which followed Katherine were Willie's Woollies: The Story of Australian Wool (1951) and Jane Likes Pictures (1959).79 MacIntyre visited a sheep station near Coolac, New South Wales to make sketches for Willie's Woollies, in which she also showed processing in woollen mills and garment manufacturing.80 The illustrations and text had previously appeared in strip form in The Age newspaper's children's section; colour was added to the drawings for the book.81 Reviewers thought it excellent,82 "[i]nstructive as well as amusing ... [with] most expressive drawings";83 "done gaily and simply with colored pictures and a minimum of words. .. combines fun with information".84 MacIntyre also produced a project sheet about wool for junior school students which was published by the Australian Wool Bureau in 1953.85 Jane Likes Pictures was inspired by MacIntyre's daughter's interest in art, and her friends who firstly found her odd, and then joined her in drawing.868788 It was intended to introduce young children to drawing and painting, and reviewers considered it "delightful";89 "a happy book that makes drawing fun";90 "of immediate appeal ... an original and stimulating approach to art for the very young .. [with] a nice economy of words in the text and of line in the illustrations. The "tricks that are easy to do" ... will no doubt lead to some hilarious moments when the young try them out."91
MacIntyre's training and experience in commercial art contributed greatly to her success as a children's illustrator.92 MacIntyre herself said, "Children's books have to be simplified, and simplified. ... The idea is to say what the picture doesn't convey, and vice versa. I had good training ... in an advertising agency. Often there was only two or three inches in which to convey all about a product and use an illustration."93
Fictional picture books
Mr. Koala Bear (1954) was another of MacIntyre's fictional picture books for young children, about an elderly koala who is unexpectedly visited by two young koalas, who believe he is their uncle.94959697 It was commended by the Children's Book Council of Australia in the 1955 awards, for "its humorous and pleasing illustrations."98 One reviewer thought, "The pictures, bright and gay as the mischief they portray, are more fun than the rhymes."99 Another wrote, "The jingles are so musical you almost want to sing them",100 and another suggested that the "delightful picture book in rhyme ... lends itself best to reading aloud."101 A Times Literary Supplement reviewer found it "not quite at [her] best but still out of the ordinary. Elisabeth MacIntyre supports a thinnish story about Mr. Koala Bear with infectious rhyming couplets and her usual sparkling drawings".102
MacIntyre illustrated two children's books written by other authors, Three Cheers for Piggy Grunter by Noreen Shelley (1959), and The Story House by Ruth Fenner (1960), both published in Australia by Angus & Robertson. Both were entered into the Children's Book Council of Australia Children's Book of the Year Award: Picture Book, which was first awarded in 1956. Jane Likes Pictures was also entered in 1960, the same year as Three Cheers for Piggy Grunter.103104 No awards for the picture book category were made in either 1960 or 1961. A report about the 1960 awards did not comment on the individual titles, but said, "the text should have literary value ... [which] is the main hurdle for entrants."105 It was reported in 1961 that the judges found Fenner's stories "undistinguished",106 although the same report commented "The pictures are gay and will be patted, and otherwise enjoyed by young children. The end papers are the best piece of illustration."107
Picture books about conservation
MacIntyre wrote in 1978 that her books were "a sincere attempt to say something I really believe in. A straight book about Conservation might seem dull, but, as I see it, my Affable, Amiable Bulldozer Man sums up the whole subject painlessly."108 Both Hugh's Zoo (1964) and The Affable, Amiable Bulldozer Man (1965) had messages about the conservation of Australian native flora and fauna.109 Hugh's Zoo tells of a boy who creates his own menagerie by catching birds and animals in the bush.110 A dog helps the creatures escape; Hugh is at first distraught, but comes to see that they are happier in their own environment, with others of their kind, and can still be enjoyed there.111112 A Times Literary Supplement reviewer considered it "up to [MacIntyre's] usual high standard in being entertaining, factually based and thoroughly sensible".113
Hugh's Zoo won the Children's Book of the Year Award: Picture Book in 1965.114115116117 The award was controversial;118 the judges' decision was not unanimous,119 and they were disappointed by the number of entries and the overall standard.120 However, they felt that Hugh's Zoo was "strongly and effectively presented with honesty and sincerity."121 There was also much discussion by librarians in their professional journal.122 In The Sydney Morning Herald and the Canberra Times, reviewers approved of the award, saying that it was "well deserved .... intelligent and highly entertaining",123 and noting that the "[v]ocabulary is not of the sieved-apple-and custard variety, but grown-up here and there; children of all ages lick their lips over new words."124
In The Affable, Amiable Bulldozer Man, a bulldozer comes to clear bush, in the process destroying the homes of birds, animals and insects. One small ant bites the driver of the bulldozer, and the story has a happy ending.125 Kathleen Commins in The Sydney Morning Herald thought it was "sensitively told ... [with] some appreciative and gentle ridicule of the kind of places that would replace the forest."126 A US reviewer, however, while recognising that destruction of forest and habitat occurred in the US as in Australia, found "the rhymes .. facile, the pictures amusing but ordinary."127 Another Australian reviewer thought that the intended audience of young readers would invest the bulldozer with "the same magical significance as the steam engine or fire engine had for their parents."128
Novels for children and young adults
MacIntyre received a three-year Children's Literature Fellowship from the Australia Council to visit the United States from 1974 to 1976, in order to study and write in the newly emerging genre of young adult literature.129130 She also travelled to New Guinea, Italy and Japan,131 the latter with a grant from the Australia-Japan Foundation in 1976.132 MacIntyre said in 1978, "At first I wrote and illustrated picture books, using words sparingly. Now less interested in how things look, and more concerned in how they seem to be."133
Ninji's Magic (1966) was MacIntyre's first full-length novel,134 for an older age-group than her previous books,135 and was also the first that she did not illustrate; the drawings were by Mamoru Funai.136137138 It was set in New Guinea, about a young boy from the highlands and his encounter with white people and western education.139140141142143 Reviewers described the story as "absorbing";144 "informative, sympathetically told";145 "an excellent picture of the old and the new in New Guinea".146 One reviewer thought that, "[a]lthough .. a sympathetic interpretation of a small boy's problems and aspirations, at times the theme seems contrived for a didactic purpose."147 Another said, "a good story ... [its] primary importance is that through such stories young readers can come to understand certain common conflicts which exist in all cultures and that it is the lot of the young to know change [and] to adjust to it."148
MacIntyre's other novels were The Purple Mouse (1975), It looks different when you get there (1978), and A wonderful way to learn the language (1982). The Purple Mouse features a girl called Hatty, who, like MacIntyre herself, is deaf.149150 Reviews were mixed. School Library Journal wrote "This treatment of hearing impairment shows that, given enough clichés, any problem can be solved", and suggested other novels which offered "believable characters, credible plots, and honest representations of the implications of this handicap."151 Another reviewer thought Hatty showed "a good deal of sensitivity and intelligence", and considered the book "particularly appropriate for adolescents who ... see themselves as misfits."152 The main character of It looks different when you get there is a student who becomes pregnant, leaves university to have the baby, and moves around trying to find a place where she belongs. One reviewer thought that "though the ending is rather facile there are some well-observed glimpses of people and different life-styles."153
Ninji's Magic and It looks different when you get there were translated into Japanese;154 Ninji's Magic was also translated into German.155
Other work
MacIntyre also wrote radio serials156157 and contributed articles158 about her travels, craft ideas, etc., to publications such as The Bulletin159 and the Australian Women's Weekly.160161
MacIntyre had started drafting designs for toys before the publication of her first book.162 She made several attempts to sell her toys. In 1941, she held an exhibition at the Macquarie Galleries in Sydney163164 of wheeled toys,165 painted toys made of wood,166167 felt and fluffy dusters,168 and painted nursery plaques and pictures.169170 She made many toy animals, including Ambrose Kangaroo,171 and other Australian animals such as emu and platypus,172 non-native animals including a giraffe173 and horses,174 as well as soldiers and a street cart.175 In the late 1960s, MacIntyre made models of Australian fauna as ornaments, starting with plastic-coated wire covered with fabric,176 and then, recognising a need for "something to send overseas that was light, bright, and Australian",177 moulding them in plastic.178 She named them "Currency Lads", a play on the decimal currency introduced in Australia in 1966, as all six coins featured Australian fauna,179 and on the term Currency lads and lasses to refer to the first generations of people of British descent born in Australia.180181 She did not have plans for marketing them, but said, "I feel I'm making a start and doing my best. If it makes someone say, 'I can do better,' and that someone does better, then it's worth while."182
Selected publications
- 1941 Ambrose Kangaroo (Australian Consolidated Press)183184
- 1944 Susan, Who Lives in Australia (Scribner's, USA)185186
- 1944 The Black Lamb (Jons Productions, Sydney)187
- 1946 Katherine (Australian version of Susan, The Australian Publishing Company; revised editions in 1958 (Angus & Robertson) and 1963)188189190191
- 1951 Willie's Woollies (Georgian House, Melbourne)192193194195196
- 1954 Mr. Koala Bear (Scribner's, USA)197198199200
- 1956 'Susan and the sheep stealing', a chapter in Round the year story book (ed. P. R. Gawthorn; Purnell and Sons, London)
- 1959 Jane likes Pictures (Collins, London)201202203
- 1964 Hugh's Zoo (Constable Young Books, London)204205206207
- 1965 The Affable, Amiable Bulldozer Man (Angus & Robertson, Sydney)208209210211
- 1966 Ninji's Magic (Knopf, USA)212213214215216217218
- 1975 The Purple Mouse (Nelson, USA)219220
- 1978 It looks different when you get there (Hodder and Stoughton, Sydney)221
- 1978 Ambrose kangaroo delivers the goods (Angus & Robertson, Sydney)222
- 1982 A wonderful way to learn the language (Hodder and Stoughton, Sydney)
Awards
- 1955 – Mr. Koala Bear, Children's Book of the Year Award: Picture Book: Commended223
- 1965 – Hugh's Zoo, Children's Book of the Year Award: Picture Book: Winner224225226227
- 1974–1976 – Children's Literature Fellowship from the Australia Council for the Arts228229
- 1976 – Australia-Japan Foundation grant230
External links
- Elisabeth Macintyre Eldershaw papers at the State Library of New South Wales
- Elisabeth MacIntyre Papers at the University of Canberra. National Centre for Australian Children's Literature
- Elisabeth MacIntyre interviewed by Hazel de Berg in the Hazel de Berg collection
- Elisabeth MacIntyre papers in the de Grummond Collection, McCain Library and Archives, University of Southern Mississippi
References
"RiP". Reading Time. 48 (4). Children's Book Council of Australia: 16. 1 November 2004. ISSN 0155-218X. /wiki/ISSN_(identifier) ↩
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Secker, Anthea (19 May 1966). "All Things Bright and Beautiful". The Times Literary Supplement (The Times Literary Supplement Historical Archive) (3351). London, England: 440. Retrieved 19 June 2019.[permanent dead link] http://link.galegroup.com.rp.nla.gov.au/apps/doc/EX1200341881/GDCS?u=nla&sid=GDCS&xid=5a8f7e41 ↩
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"Author record, Elisabeth MacIntyre". AustLit. St Lucia: The University of Queensland. 2002–2019. Retrieved 19 June 2019. https://www.austlit.edu.au/austlit/page/A41494 ↩
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Scobie, Susan, ed. (1997). The Dromkeen Book of Australian Children's Illustrators. Scholastic Australia. p. 97. ISBN 1863886958. 1863886958 ↩
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"She's Off To Show America The Real Australia. Artist, Author, Mother". The Sydney Morning Herald. 7 May 1953. p. 4 (Women's Section). Retrieved 19 June 2019 – via National Library of Australia. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article18372898 ↩
Scobie, Susan, ed. (1997). The Dromkeen Book of Australian Children's Illustrators. Scholastic Australia. p. 97. ISBN 1863886958. 1863886958 ↩
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"Author record, Elisabeth MacIntyre". AustLit. St Lucia: The University of Queensland. 2002–2019. Retrieved 19 June 2019. https://www.austlit.edu.au/austlit/page/A41494 ↩
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Eldershaw, Jane (28 July 2004). "Love of country writ large in children's books". The Sydney Morning Herald. Sydney, New South Wales. p. 30. Retrieved 19 June 2019. http://search.ebscohost.com.rp.nla.gov.au/login.aspx?direct=true&db=anh&AN=SYD-507Q72846E0OUKOF8B4&site=ehost-live ↩
"She's Off To Show America The Real Australia. Artist, Author, Mother". The Sydney Morning Herald. 7 May 1953. p. 4 (Women's Section). Retrieved 19 June 2019 – via National Library of Australia. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article18372898 ↩
"Jane's Sketch Club Meets When School Is Out". The Sydney Morning Herald. Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. 17 October 1957. p. 5, Women's Section. Retrieved 20 June 2019. https://www.newspapers.com/image/123454380/?terms=%22Jane%2BLikes%2BPictures%22 ↩
"Author record, Elisabeth MacIntyre". AustLit. St Lucia: The University of Queensland. 2002–2019. Retrieved 19 June 2019. https://www.austlit.edu.au/austlit/page/A41494 ↩
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Kusko, Julie (29 October 1969). "PINK KOALAS AND BLUE KANGAROOS". The Australian Women's Weekly. Vol. 37, no. 22. p. 35. Retrieved 20 June 2019 – via National Library of Australia. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article41492377 ↩
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"For Young Readers". The Minneapolis Star. Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA. 26 July 1942. p. 12. Retrieved 20 June 2019. https://www.newspapers.com/image/187779653/?terms=%22Ambrose%2BKangaroo%22 ↩
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Eberle, Merab (15 November 1942). "Books Of Exceptional Beauty Published For Young Children". The Dayton Herald. Dayton, Ohio. p. 8. Retrieved 19 June 2019. https://www.newspapers.com/image/391937790/?terms=%22Elisabeth%2BMacIntyre%22 ↩
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Ridden, Brian (31 October 1964). "Kangaroos in the news". The Canberra Times. Vol. 39, no. 10, 991. p. 11. Retrieved 20 June 2019 – via National Library of Australia. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article131758047 ↩
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Kusko, Julie (29 October 1969). "PINK KOALAS AND BLUE KANGAROOS". The Australian Women's Weekly. Vol. 37, no. 22. p. 35. Retrieved 20 June 2019 – via National Library of Australia. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article41492377 ↩
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"Jane's Sketch Club Meets When School Is Out". The Sydney Morning Herald. Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. 17 October 1957. p. 5, Women's Section. Retrieved 20 June 2019. https://www.newspapers.com/image/123454380/?terms=%22Jane%2BLikes%2BPictures%22 ↩
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Scobie, Susan, ed. (1997). The Dromkeen Book of Australian Children's Illustrators. Scholastic Australia. p. 97. ISBN 1863886958. 1863886958 ↩
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Scobie, Susan, ed. (1997). The Dromkeen Book of Australian Children's Illustrators. Scholastic Australia. p. 97. ISBN 1863886958. 1863886958 ↩
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Muir, Marcie (1982). A history of Australian children's book illustration. Melbourne: Oxford University Press. pp. 110–113. ISBN 019554269X. 019554269X ↩
Muir, Marcie (1982). A history of Australian children's book illustration. Melbourne: Oxford University Press. pp. 110–113. ISBN 019554269X. 019554269X ↩
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Muir, Marcie (1982). A history of Australian children's book illustration. Melbourne: Oxford University Press. pp. 110–113. ISBN 019554269X. 019554269X ↩
Muir, Marcie (1982). A history of Australian children's book illustration. Melbourne: Oxford University Press. pp. 110–113. ISBN 019554269X. 019554269X ↩
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Muir, Marcie (1982). A history of Australian children's book illustration. Melbourne: Oxford University Press. pp. 110–113. ISBN 019554269X. 019554269X ↩
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Muir, Marcie (1982). A history of Australian children's book illustration. Melbourne: Oxford University Press. pp. 110–113. ISBN 019554269X. 019554269X ↩
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Muir, Marcie (1982). A history of Australian children's book illustration. Melbourne: Oxford University Press. pp. 110–113. ISBN 019554269X. 019554269X ↩
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"CHILDREN'S BOOK WEEK Old Favourite Wins "Book Of Year" Title". The Canberra Times. Vol. 35, no. 9, 959. 8 July 1961. p. 14. Retrieved 21 June 2019 – via National Library of Australia. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article130716863 ↩
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Scobie, Susan, ed. (1997). The Dromkeen Book of Australian Children's Illustrators. Scholastic Australia. p. 97. ISBN 1863886958. 1863886958 ↩
Muir, Marcie (1982). A history of Australian children's book illustration. Melbourne: Oxford University Press. pp. 110–113. ISBN 019554269X. 019554269X ↩
Ruddock, Loma (6 July 1965). "Animals take over". The Canberra Times. Vol. 39, no. 11, 200. p. 13. Retrieved 21 June 2019 – via National Library of Australia. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article105759345 ↩
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Muir, Marcie (1982). A history of Australian children's book illustration. Melbourne: Oxford University Press. pp. 110–113. ISBN 019554269X. 019554269X ↩
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Commins, Kathleen (3 July 1965). "CHILDREN'S BOOKS AWARDS Melbourne writer wins top prize". The Sydney Morning Herald. Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. p. 20. Retrieved 22 June 2019. https://www.newspapers.com/image/123932695/?terms=%22Hugh%27s%2BZoo%22 ↩
Ruddock, Loma (6 July 1965). "Animals take over". The Canberra Times. Vol. 39, no. 11, 200. p. 13. Retrieved 21 June 2019 – via National Library of Australia. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article105759345 ↩
Commins, Kathleen (22 October 1966). "Accent On Pictures". The Sydney Morning Herald. p. 22. Retrieved 22 June 2019. https://www.newspapers.com/image/122788230/?terms=%22Affable%2C%2BAmiable%2BBulldozer%2BMan%22 ↩
Commins, Kathleen (22 October 1966). "Accent On Pictures". The Sydney Morning Herald. p. 22. Retrieved 22 June 2019. https://www.newspapers.com/image/122788230/?terms=%22Affable%2C%2BAmiable%2BBulldozer%2BMan%22 ↩
"For Young People". Daily World. Opelousas, Louisiana, USA. 18 July 1965. p. 19. Retrieved 22 June 2019. https://www.newspapers.com/image/227797295/?terms=%22Affable%2C%2BAmiable%2BBulldozer%2BMan%22 ↩
Connors, Lyndsay (7 January 1967). "YOUNG READERS Popular storytellers' appeal". The Canberra Times. Vol. 41, no. 11, 580. p. 10. Retrieved 21 June 2019 – via National Library of Australia. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article106955808 ↩
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Scobie, Susan, ed. (1997). The Dromkeen Book of Australian Children's Illustrators. Scholastic Australia. p. 97. ISBN 1863886958. 1863886958 ↩
Eldershaw, Jane (28 July 2004). "Love of country writ large in children's books". The Sydney Morning Herald. Sydney, New South Wales. p. 30. Retrieved 19 June 2019. http://search.ebscohost.com.rp.nla.gov.au/login.aspx?direct=true&db=anh&AN=SYD-507Q72846E0OUKOF8B4&site=ehost-live ↩
"Author record, Elisabeth MacIntyre". AustLit. St Lucia: The University of Queensland. 2002–2019. Retrieved 19 June 2019. https://www.austlit.edu.au/austlit/page/A41494 ↩
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Kirkpatrick, D. L., ed. (1978). Twentieth-century Children's Writers. Macmillan International Higher Education. p. 811. ISBN 9781349036486. Retrieved 22 June 2019.[permanent dead link] 9781349036486 ↩
Kirkpatrick, D. L., ed. (1978). Twentieth-century Children's Writers. Macmillan International Higher Education. p. 811. ISBN 9781349036486. Retrieved 22 June 2019.[permanent dead link] 9781349036486 ↩
Commins, Kathleen (23 December 1967). "New Guinea magic". The Sydney Morning Herald. Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. p. 16. Retrieved 22 June 2019. https://www.newspapers.com/image/122664954/?terms=%22Ninji%27s%2BMagic%22 ↩
Dugan, Dennis (20 January 1968). "Children's books". The Age. Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. p. 22. Retrieved 22 June 2019. https://www.newspapers.com/image/122757231/?terms=%22Ninji%27s%2BMagic%22 ↩
Hutchings, Gwen (4 May 1968). "Double image style". The Canberra Times. Vol. 42, no. 11, 992. p. 12. Retrieved 23 June 2019 – via National Library of Australia. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article107049979 ↩
Commins, Kathleen (23 December 1967). "New Guinea magic". The Sydney Morning Herald. Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. p. 16. Retrieved 22 June 2019. https://www.newspapers.com/image/122664954/?terms=%22Ninji%27s%2BMagic%22 ↩
Dugan, Dennis (20 January 1968). "Children's books". The Age. Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. p. 22. Retrieved 22 June 2019. https://www.newspapers.com/image/122757231/?terms=%22Ninji%27s%2BMagic%22 ↩
Hutchings, Gwen (4 May 1968). "Double image style". The Canberra Times. Vol. 42, no. 11, 992. p. 12. Retrieved 23 June 2019 – via National Library of Australia. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article107049979 ↩
Crozier, Mary (6 October 1967). "Classics and Commercials". The Guardian. London, England. p. 12. Retrieved 22 June 2019. https://www.newspapers.com/image/259819073/?terms=%22Ninji%27s%2BMagic%22 ↩
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Crozier, Mary (6 October 1967). "Classics and Commercials". The Guardian. London, England. p. 12. Retrieved 22 June 2019. https://www.newspapers.com/image/259819073/?terms=%22Ninji%27s%2BMagic%22 ↩
Commins, Kathleen (23 December 1967). "New Guinea magic". The Sydney Morning Herald. Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. p. 16. Retrieved 22 June 2019. https://www.newspapers.com/image/122664954/?terms=%22Ninji%27s%2BMagic%22 ↩
Dugan, Dennis (20 January 1968). "Children's books". The Age. Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. p. 22. Retrieved 22 June 2019. https://www.newspapers.com/image/122757231/?terms=%22Ninji%27s%2BMagic%22 ↩
Hutchings, Gwen (4 May 1968). "Double image style". The Canberra Times. Vol. 42, no. 11, 992. p. 12. Retrieved 23 June 2019 – via National Library of Australia. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article107049979 ↩
Root, Shelton R. Jr. (November 1967). "BOOKS for Children". Elementary English. 44 (7). National Council of Teachers of English: 810. JSTOR 41386235. /wiki/JSTOR_(identifier) ↩
Eldershaw, Jane (28 July 2004). "Love of country writ large in children's books". The Sydney Morning Herald. Sydney, New South Wales. p. 30. Retrieved 19 June 2019. http://search.ebscohost.com.rp.nla.gov.au/login.aspx?direct=true&db=anh&AN=SYD-507Q72846E0OUKOF8B4&site=ehost-live ↩
"Toy marmot "running-in"". The Sydney Morning Herald. Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. 6 November 1966. p. 120. Retrieved 20 June 2019. https://www.newspapers.com/image/122747599/?terms=%22Elisabeth%2BMacIntyre%22 ↩
Harris, Karen (1 April 1975). "The Purple Mouse (Book)". School Library Journal. 21 (8): 55. ISSN 0362-8930. /wiki/ISSN_(identifier) ↩
Scheinmann, Vivian J. (Autumn 1975). "New Directions for Books for Young People". New Directions for Women. Vol. 4, no. 3. Dover, New Jersey. p. 4. Retrieved 19 June 2019.[permanent dead link] http://link.galegroup.com.rp.nla.gov.au/apps/doc/LQPPFG368058072/GDCS?u=nla&sid=GDCS&xid=b852ce6c ↩
Schneider, Myra (28 September 1978). "Problems, problems". The Guardian. London, England. p. 9. Retrieved 22 June 2019. https://www.newspapers.com/image/259557196/?terms=%22It%2Blooks%2Bdifferent%2Bwhen%2Byou%2Bget%2Bthere%22 ↩
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"Author:MacIntyre, Elisabeth. Language:German". WorldCat. OCLC Online Computer Library Center, Inc. Retrieved 24 June 2019. https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=au%3AMacIntyre%2C+Elisabeth.&dblist=638&fq=ln%3Ager+%3E+ap%3A%22macintyre%2C+elisabeth%22&qt=facet_ap%3A ↩
Kusko, Julie (29 October 1969). "PINK KOALAS AND BLUE KANGAROOS". The Australian Women's Weekly. Vol. 37, no. 22. p. 35. Retrieved 20 June 2019 – via National Library of Australia. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article41492377 ↩
Kirkpatrick, D. L., ed. (1978). Twentieth-century Children's Writers. Macmillan International Higher Education. p. 811. ISBN 9781349036486. Retrieved 22 June 2019.[permanent dead link] 9781349036486 ↩
"Author record, Elisabeth MacIntyre". AustLit. St Lucia: The University of Queensland. 2002–2019. Retrieved 19 June 2019. https://www.austlit.edu.au/austlit/page/A41494 ↩
MacIntyre, Elisabeth (3 December 1952). "Been There Yet? The Not-So-Dead Heart". The Bulletin. 73 (3799). Sydney, New South Wales, Australia: 27. Retrieved 23 June 2019. http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-525673974 ↩
MacIntyre, Elisabeth (8 August 1951). "ARTIST GOES WALKABOUT". The Australian Women's Weekly. Vol. 19, no. 10. p. 20. Retrieved 24 June 2019 – via National Library of Australia. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article44020987 ↩
MacIntyre, Elisabeth (26 November 1952). "CHRISTMAS GREETINGS". The Australian Women's Weekly. Vol. 20, no. 26. p. 35. Retrieved 23 June 2019 – via National Library of Australia. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article44021311 ↩
"She's Off To Show America The Real Australia. Artist, Author, Mother". The Sydney Morning Herald. 7 May 1953. p. 4 (Women's Section). Retrieved 19 June 2019 – via National Library of Australia. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article18372898 ↩
"Queensland Artist's Exhibition of Gay Toys For Little Folk". The Telegraph. Brisbane. 18 November 1941. p. 9 (CITY FINAL LAST MINUTE NEWS). Retrieved 20 June 2019 – via National Library of Australia. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article172357227 ↩
Patricia (15 November 1941). "SPOTLIGHT ON SOCIETY: Lady Diana Duff Cooper Enchants And Interests Us". The Australasian. Vol. CLI, no. 4, 846. Victoria, Australia. p. 28. Retrieved 20 June 2019 – via National Library of Australia. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article142145462 ↩
"Queensland Artist's Exhibition of Gay Toys For Little Folk". The Telegraph. Brisbane. 18 November 1941. p. 9 (CITY FINAL LAST MINUTE NEWS). Retrieved 20 June 2019 – via National Library of Australia. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article172357227 ↩
"Queensland Artist's Exhibition of Gay Toys For Little Folk". The Telegraph. Brisbane. 18 November 1941. p. 9 (CITY FINAL LAST MINUTE NEWS). Retrieved 20 June 2019 – via National Library of Australia. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article172357227 ↩
Patricia (15 November 1941). "SPOTLIGHT ON SOCIETY: Lady Diana Duff Cooper Enchants And Interests Us". The Australasian. Vol. CLI, no. 4, 846. Victoria, Australia. p. 28. Retrieved 20 June 2019 – via National Library of Australia. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article142145462 ↩
Patricia (15 November 1941). "SPOTLIGHT ON SOCIETY: Lady Diana Duff Cooper Enchants And Interests Us". The Australasian. Vol. CLI, no. 4, 846. Victoria, Australia. p. 28. Retrieved 20 June 2019 – via National Library of Australia. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article142145462 ↩
Patricia (15 November 1941). "SPOTLIGHT ON SOCIETY: Lady Diana Duff Cooper Enchants And Interests Us". The Australasian. Vol. CLI, no. 4, 846. Victoria, Australia. p. 28. Retrieved 20 June 2019 – via National Library of Australia. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article142145462 ↩
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Patricia (15 November 1941). "SPOTLIGHT ON SOCIETY: Lady Diana Duff Cooper Enchants And Interests Us". The Australasian. Vol. CLI, no. 4, 846. Victoria, Australia. p. 28. Retrieved 20 June 2019 – via National Library of Australia. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article142145462 ↩
"Queensland Artist's Exhibition of Gay Toys For Little Folk". The Telegraph. Brisbane. 18 November 1941. p. 9 (CITY FINAL LAST MINUTE NEWS). Retrieved 20 June 2019 – via National Library of Australia. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article172357227 ↩
Patricia (15 November 1941). "SPOTLIGHT ON SOCIETY: Lady Diana Duff Cooper Enchants And Interests Us". The Australasian. Vol. CLI, no. 4, 846. Victoria, Australia. p. 28. Retrieved 20 June 2019 – via National Library of Australia. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article142145462 ↩
"Queensland Artist's Exhibition of Gay Toys For Little Folk". The Telegraph. Brisbane. 18 November 1941. p. 9 (CITY FINAL LAST MINUTE NEWS). Retrieved 20 June 2019 – via National Library of Australia. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article172357227 ↩
"Queensland Artist's Exhibition of Gay Toys For Little Folk". The Telegraph. Brisbane. 18 November 1941. p. 9 (CITY FINAL LAST MINUTE NEWS). Retrieved 20 June 2019 – via National Library of Australia. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article172357227 ↩
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"CURRENCY LADS". The Australian Women's Weekly. Vol. 33, no. 33. 12 January 1966. p. 39. Retrieved 20 June 2019 – via National Library of Australia. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article51603303 ↩
Kusko, Julie (29 October 1969). "PINK KOALAS AND BLUE KANGAROOS". The Australian Women's Weekly. Vol. 37, no. 22. p. 35. Retrieved 20 June 2019 – via National Library of Australia. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article41492377 ↩
"CURRENCY LADS". The Australian Women's Weekly. Vol. 33, no. 33. 12 January 1966. p. 39. Retrieved 20 June 2019 – via National Library of Australia. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article51603303 ↩
Kusko, Julie (29 October 1969). "PINK KOALAS AND BLUE KANGAROOS". The Australian Women's Weekly. Vol. 37, no. 22. p. 35. Retrieved 20 June 2019 – via National Library of Australia. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article41492377 ↩
Scobie, Susan, ed. (1997). The Dromkeen Book of Australian Children's Illustrators. Scholastic Australia. p. 97. ISBN 1863886958. 1863886958 ↩
Muir, Marcie (1982). A history of Australian children's book illustration. Melbourne: Oxford University Press. pp. 110–113. ISBN 019554269X. 019554269X ↩
Scobie, Susan, ed. (1997). The Dromkeen Book of Australian Children's Illustrators. Scholastic Australia. p. 97. ISBN 1863886958. 1863886958 ↩
Muir, Marcie (1982). A history of Australian children's book illustration. Melbourne: Oxford University Press. pp. 110–113. ISBN 019554269X. 019554269X ↩
Scobie, Susan, ed. (1997). The Dromkeen Book of Australian Children's Illustrators. Scholastic Australia. p. 97. ISBN 1863886958. 1863886958 ↩
Scobie, Susan, ed. (1997). The Dromkeen Book of Australian Children's Illustrators. Scholastic Australia. p. 97. ISBN 1863886958. 1863886958 ↩
Muir, Marcie (1982). A history of Australian children's book illustration. Melbourne: Oxford University Press. pp. 110–113. ISBN 019554269X. 019554269X ↩
"ABOUT BOOKS "Katherine", told and pictured by Elizabeth MacIntyre". The Sydney Morning Herald. No. 33, 981. 20 November 1946. p. 3 (Playtime). Retrieved 19 June 2019 – via National Library of Australia. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article27909452 ↩
H.B. (18 October 1958). "Australian Books For Young People". The Canberra Times. Vol. 33, no. 9, 614. p. 13. Retrieved 19 June 2019 – via National Library of Australia. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article103124228 ↩
Muir, Marcie (1982). A history of Australian children's book illustration. Melbourne: Oxford University Press. pp. 110–113. ISBN 019554269X. 019554269X ↩
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Muir, Marcie (1982). A history of Australian children's book illustration. Melbourne: Oxford University Press. pp. 110–113. ISBN 019554269X. 019554269X ↩
Evans, Jan (20 September 1959). "Read 'N Fun. Jane Just Loves To Draw". The Salina Journal. Salina, Kansas. p. 16. Retrieved 20 June 2019. https://www.newspapers.com/image/40758485/?terms=%22Jane%2BLikes%2BPictures%22 ↩
Commins, Kathleen M. (16 April 1960). "Books For Children. Gaily Coloured Pictures". The Sydney Morning Herald. Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. p. 14. Retrieved 20 June 2019. https://www.newspapers.com/image/122802185/?terms=%22Jane%2BLikes%2BPictures%22 ↩
Scobie, Susan, ed. (1997). The Dromkeen Book of Australian Children's Illustrators. Scholastic Australia. p. 97. ISBN 1863886958. 1863886958 ↩
Muir, Marcie (1982). A history of Australian children's book illustration. Melbourne: Oxford University Press. pp. 110–113. ISBN 019554269X. 019554269X ↩
Ruddock, Loma (6 July 1965). "Animals take over". The Canberra Times. Vol. 39, no. 11, 200. p. 13. Retrieved 21 June 2019 – via National Library of Australia. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article105759345 ↩
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Connors, Lyndsay (7 January 1967). "YOUNG READERS Popular storytellers' appeal". The Canberra Times. Vol. 41, no. 11, 580. p. 10. Retrieved 21 June 2019 – via National Library of Australia. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article106955808 ↩
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Scobie, Susan, ed. (1997). The Dromkeen Book of Australian Children's Illustrators. Scholastic Australia. p. 97. ISBN 1863886958. 1863886958 ↩
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Scobie, Susan, ed. (1997). The Dromkeen Book of Australian Children's Illustrators. Scholastic Australia. p. 97. ISBN 1863886958. 1863886958 ↩
Muir, Marcie (1982). A history of Australian children's book illustration. Melbourne: Oxford University Press. pp. 110–113. ISBN 019554269X. 019554269X ↩
Ruddock, Loma (6 July 1965). "Animals take over". The Canberra Times. Vol. 39, no. 11, 200. p. 13. Retrieved 21 June 2019 – via National Library of Australia. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article105759345 ↩
Commins, Kathleen (3 July 1965). "CHILDREN'S BOOKS AWARDS Melbourne writer wins top prize". The Sydney Morning Herald. Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. p. 20. Retrieved 22 June 2019. https://www.newspapers.com/image/123932695/?terms=%22Hugh%27s%2BZoo%22 ↩
"Author record, Elisabeth MacIntyre". AustLit. St Lucia: The University of Queensland. 2002–2019. Retrieved 19 June 2019. https://www.austlit.edu.au/austlit/page/A41494 ↩
Scobie, Susan, ed. (1997). The Dromkeen Book of Australian Children's Illustrators. Scholastic Australia. p. 97. ISBN 1863886958. 1863886958 ↩
"Author record, Elisabeth MacIntyre". AustLit. St Lucia: The University of Queensland. 2002–2019. Retrieved 19 June 2019. https://www.austlit.edu.au/austlit/page/A41494 ↩