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Hydrodeoxygenation
Hydrogenolysis reaction used to remove oxygen from hydrocarbons

Hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) is a hydrogenolysis process for removing oxygen from oxygen-containing compounds. Typical HDO catalysts commonly are sulfided nickel-molybdenum or cobalt-molybdenum on gamma alumina. An idealized reaction is:

R 2 O + 2 H 2 ⟶ H 2 O + 2 RH {\displaystyle {\ce {R2O + 2 H2 -> H2O + 2 RH}}}

The first review on HDO was published in 1983. HDO is of interest in producing biofuels, which are derived from oxygen-rich precursors like sugars or lipids. An example of a biomass refining process employing hydrodeoxygenation is the NEXBTL process.

HDO of biomass fast pyrolysis vapors under low hydrogen pressures have recently attracted a lot of attention. Bulk molybdenum trioxide (MoO3) was used as catalyst and found to completely deoxygenate cellulose, corn stover, and lignin pyrolysis vapors and produce a stream of hydrocarbons including aromatics, alkenes, and alkanes. From an economic viewpoint, only aromatics and alkenes should ideally be produced to enable product incorporation into the existing infrastructure.

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References

  1. Henrik Topsøe, Bjerne S. Clausen, Franklin E. Massoth "Hydrotreating Catalysis" Springer, 1996. ISBN 3540603808. /wiki/ISBN_(identifier)

  2. Furimsky, Edward (2000-06-12). "Catalytic hydrodeoxygenation". Applied Catalysis A: General. 199 (2): 147–190. Bibcode:2000AppCA.199..147F. doi:10.1016/S0926-860X(99)00555-4. /wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)

  3. Shanks, Brent H.; Zhang, Jing; Nolte, Michael W. (2015-12-21). "Ex situ hydrodeoxygenation in biomass pyrolysis using molybdenum oxide and low pressure hydrogen". Green Chemistry. 18 (1): 134–138. doi:10.1039/C5GC01614B. ISSN 1463-9270. /wiki/Doi_(identifier)

  4. Shanks, Brent H.; Saraeian, Alireza; Nolte, Michael W. (2017-07-31). "Hydrodeoxygenation of cellulose pyrolysis model compounds using molybdenum oxide and low pressure hydrogen". Green Chemistry. 19 (15): 3654–3664. doi:10.1039/C7GC01477E. ISSN 1463-9270. /wiki/Doi_(identifier)