Kortik CIWS - Reference.org

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Type Hybrid SAM-Gun based CIWS

Place of origin Soviet Union, Russia

In service 1989–present

Used by See Operators

Designer Developer:
KBP (Arkady Shipunov)
Fire control system: RATEP

Designed Late 1970s–?

Manufacturer Tulamashzavod, RATEP

Produced 1989–present

Variants Kortik-M / Kashtan-M

Mass 15,500 kg (34,200 lb) (Kashtan)
12,500 kg (27,600 lb) (Kashtan-M)

Height 2,250 mm (89 in) (above deck)

Shell HEI-Frag, Frag-T, APDS-T

Shell weight 0.39 kg (0.86 lb) (HEIF, FT)
0.30 kg (0.66 lb) (APDS-T)

Caliber 30×165mm AO-18

Barrels 2 × 6 (guns); 2 × 4 launch tubes

Action Gas-operated rotary cannon

Rate of fire Kashtan:
9,000 rounds/min (guns)
Kashtan-M:
1–2 (salvo) missiles per 3–4 sec
10,000 rounds/min (guns)

Muzzle velocity 860 m/s (2,800 ft/s) (HEIF, FT)
Kashtan-M:
960 m/s (3,100 ft/s) (HEIF, FT)
1,100 m/s (3,600 ft/s) (APDS-T)

Effective firing range By missiles:
Kashtan:
1,500–8,000 m (4,900–26,200 ft)
Kashtan-M:
1,500–10,000 m (4,900–32,800 ft)
By guns:
Kashtan: (range, altitude)
500–4,000 m (1,600–13,100 ft),
3,000 m (9,800 ft)
Kashtan-M:
300–5,000 m (980–16,400 ft)

Feed system Link-less, helical; 1000 rounds

Sights Radar / TV-optical:
2–3/1 m (6.6–9.8/3.3 ft) accuracy,
tracks 6 targets simultaneously

Warhead Continuous-rod w/ frag layer

Main armament 8 × 9M311K + 32 missiles
Kashtan-M:
8 × 9M311-1E + 24 missiles

Secondary armament 2 × AO-18K autocannon
Kashtan-M:
2 × AO-18KD autocannon

Flight altitude 3,500 m (11,500 ft) (Kashtan)
6,000 m (20,000 ft) (Kashtan-M)

Maximum speed 910 m/s (3,000 ft/s)

Additional information

Kortik CIWS

Hybrid SAM-Gun based CIWS

The Kortik close-in weapon system (CIWS) is a modern naval air defence gun-missile system deployed by the Russian Navy. Its export version, Kashtan (Chestnut), NATO designation CADS-N-1 Kashtan, is mounted on vessels like the Admiral Kuznetsov, Kirov-class battlecruisers, and Neustrashimy-class frigates, as well as some PLA Navy Sovremenny-class destroyers. Combining guns and missiles, Kortik defends against anti-ship missiles, anti-radar missiles, guided bombs, aircraft, and fast attack boats. The system is slated to be replaced by the Pantsir-M CIWS, featuring updated missile and radar technology.

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Design

The weapon is a modular system consisting of a command module and typically two combat modules, as in the case of the two Sovremennyy-class destroyers Taizhou (ex-Vnushitelnyy) and Ningbo (ex-Vechnyy) in Chinese service, although the number can be as many as 8 in the case of Admiral Kuznetsov. The command module detects and tracks threats, distributes targeting data to the combat modules, and interrogates the IFF system of approaching threats. The command module has a 3-D target detection radar, and an all weather multi-band integrated control system. Depending on the number of installed combat modules, the system can engage multiple targets simultaneously. The combat modules automatically track using either radar, an electro-optronic control system (such as FLIRs) or both, and then engages targets with missiles and guns. The combat modules are typically equipped with two GSh-30K (AO-18K) six-barrel 30 mm rotary cannons, with a link-less feeding mechanism, and two 9M311-1 missile launchers equipped with 4 ready-to-fire missiles each and fed by a reloading system storing 32 missiles in ready-to-launch containers.

The guns used in the Kortik are the GSh-30K six-barrel 30 mm rotary cannon. Individually, each GSh-30K has a higher rate of fire compared to guns used by other CIWS such as the GAU-8 on the Goalkeeper and the M61 Vulcan on the Phalanx. Along with a high rate of fire, the fairly heavy round (390 g or 14 oz) used by the Kortik is comparable to the DPU rounds of the GAU-8 Avenger (425 g or 15.0 oz), although the muzzle velocity (and therefore both the kinetic energy and effective range) is slightly lower, partially offsetting the high caliber and rate of fire.

The missiles used in the Kortik are the 9M311, which are also used on the 2K22 Tunguska. The 9M311 is an ACLOS guided missile. The warhead weighs 9 kilograms (20 lb) and is either laser or radio fused. The warhead is a continuous-rod warhead with a steel cube fragmentation layer. The detonation of the warhead will form a complete circle of fragmentation that is 5 meters in radius, and damage or destroy anything in that circle.

The combination of the missiles and guns provides more comprehensive protection when compared to other CIWS utilising either missiles or guns only. The system's combined kill probability is allegedly 0.96 to 0.99.³ ⁴

Variants

Kashtan-M: improved variant with:
- Salvo capability
- Dedicated targeting station
- Two AO-18KD cannons with higher muzzle velocity (range improved from 4 to 5 km)
- Improved missile range and engagement altitude (from 8 to 10 km for range and from 3.5 to 6 km altitude)
- Decreased system's reaction time from 6.8 to 5.7 seconds
- Sensor modularity
- Lower sensitivity
- Vulnerable to air to ground missiles and more than 900 pound bombs.

Specifications

	Kashtan	Kashtan-M
Weight	15,500 kg (34,200 lb)	12,500 kg (27,560 lb)
Armament	2 x GSh-6-30	2 x GSh-6-30KD
Firing Rate	2 x 4,500 rds/min	2 x 5,000 rds/min
Target Range	500-4,000m (1,640-13,120 ft)
Effective Range	500-1,500m (1,640-4,920 ft)
Ammunition Store	2 x 500 rounds	2 x 1500 rounds
Muzzle Velocity	860 m/s (2,820 ft/s)	960–1100 m/s (3,150-3,610 ft/s)
Elevation	3,000 m (9,840 ft)