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List of common 3D test models
List article

This is a list of models and meshes commonly used in 3D computer graphics for testing and demonstrating rendering algorithms and visual effects. Their use is important for comparing results, similar to the way standard test images are used in image processing.

Modeled

Designed using CAD software; sorted by year of modeling.

Name and viewerRenderYear of creationPerson/organisation that did the modelingDescription of source objectModel sizeLicenseComments
Utah teapot1975Martin Newell at University of UtahMelitta teapot28 Bézier patches (32 with the bottom)1Also called the "Newell teapot". One of the first models not to be measured.
Cornell box1984Cindy M. Goral, Kenneth E. Torrance, Donald P. Greenberg, Bennett Battaile at Cornell UniversityA 2 foot square box, open on one side, two opposing interior sides each painted a contrasting color, with the rest of the box painted light gray5 quads, 1 light sourceUse as a 3D test model commonly relies on familiarity with the expected results rather than rerunning the experiment against a real-life setup.
Suzanne2002Willem-Paul van Overbruggen for BlenderChimpanzee head, based on an orangutan from the movie Jay and Silent Bob Strike Back500 facesGNU GPL 2+ (inherited from Blender as a whole)Mascot for Blender2
Crytek Sponza2010Frank Meinl at CrytekThe colonnaded atrium of the Sponza Palace in Dubrovnik3262,267 triangles184,330 vertices4Used for demonstrating global illumination techniques.5678 The Crytek version is based on a model created by Marko Dabrović in early 2001 while he was at RNA studio, and donated to a radiosity competition held by CGTechniques.com in early 2002.910
Spot2012Keenan Crane at Caltechcartoon cow2,930 vertices5,856 trianglesCatmull-Clark control mesh, quadrangulation, triangulation, vector texture, and bitmap texture. All meshes are manifold, genus-0 embeddings.
3DBenchy2015Creative Toolscartoon boat112,569 verts (225,154 tris)CC011Specifically designed for testing the accuracy and capabilities of 3D printers

Scanned

Includes photogrammetric methods; sorted by year of scanning.

Name and viewerRenderYear of creationPerson/organisation responsible for the scanDescription of source objectModel sizeLicenseComments
Stanford bunny1993-9412Greg Turk, Marc Levoy at Stanford UniversityCeramic rabbit1369,451 triangles14Figurine of unknown authorship and licensing status, scan itself released under a two-clause BSD license.A test of range scanning physical objects. Originally .ply file.
Stanford dragon199615Stanford UniversityChinese dragon1,132,830 triangles
Stanford Armadillo199616Venkat Krishnamurthy and Marc Levoy at Stanford UniversityArmadillo action figure345,944 trianglesFree for scholarly writings and research, attribution required, no commercial use without prior permission17
Wooden Elk Toy200018Hans-Peter Seidel at Max-Planck-Institut für InformatikOften used as an example of a non-trivial object with high genus.
Phlegmatic Dragon192007Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Czech Technical University in PragueEurographics 2007 conference667,214 faces (original)480,076 faces (smoothed)Sticker on the bottom says "GRUNCH © PANTON '88 MADE IN ENGLAND"Smoothed and nonsmoothed
David20212009Stanford UniversityMichelangelo's 5-meter statue David22~1 billion polygons23Only available to established scholars and for non-commercial use only.24range data25
Fertility2009AIM@SHAPE Repository (scanned at Utrecht University)Small stone statue with two joined figures.241,607 vertices483,226 trianglesLaser scan.
Nefertiti2015Nora Al-Badri and Jan Nikolai NellesA stoneworked bust of the Egyptian queen Nefertiti was created in 1345 BC by Thutmose~2 million trianglesCC By SA 4.0Surreptitiously scanned by Nora Al-Badri and Jan Nikolai Nelles, and subsequently separately by Scan the World with permission of the Neues Museum.

See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to 3D test models. Standard test models Other repositories

References

  1. "The Utah Teapot". holmes3d.net. Retrieved 2020-10-28. http://holmes3d.net/graphics/teapot ↩

  2. Primitive instantiable by clicking Add → Mesh → Monkey ↩

  3. Morgan McGuire. "McGuire Computer Graphics Archive". https://casual-effects.com/data/ ↩

  4. Morgan McGuire. "McGuire Computer Graphics Archive". https://casual-effects.com/data/ ↩

  5. Jennifer O'Connor (1 July 2010). Mastering mental ray: Rendering Techniques for 3D and CAD Professionals. John Wiley & Sons. p. 175. ISBN 978-0470563854. The Sponza Palaze atrium scene has become a classic demonstration model for indirect illumination techniques in a wide variety of applications 978-0470563854 ↩

  6. Robert McMillan (24 September 2014). "Nvidia Proves We Walked on the Moon—Not That It Needed To". Wired. It cooked up a demo using a standard graphics simulation called the Sponza Atrium, a computer-generated stroll through a renaissance-style hallway. https://www.wired.com/2014/09/nvidia-moon ↩

  7. Matt Pharr; Greg Humphreys (26 August 2010). Physically Based Rendering: From Theory to Implementation. Morgan Kaufmann. p. 493. ISBN 978-0123750792. 978-0123750792 ↩

  8. Jaroslav Krivanek; Pascal Gautron (2009). Practical Global Illumination with Irradiance Caching. Morgan & Claypool Publishers. p. 85. ISBN 978-1598296440. 978-1598296440 ↩

  9. Abecassis, Laurent (3 April 2001). "On The Web – RNA studio's GI architectural renderings". CGPress. Archived from the original on 4 June 2021. Retrieved 4 June 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210604151756/https://cgpress.org/archives/on_the_web_rna_studios_gi_architectural_renderings.html ↩

  10. "Sponza Atrium - Hatch Studios". Hatch Studios. Archived from the original on 25 February 2021. Retrieved 4 June 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210225162733/http://hatchstudios.com/work/sponza-atrium/ ↩

  11. "License - 3DBenchy.com". 7 April 2015. Retrieved 29 March 2022. https://www.3dbenchy.com/license/ ↩

  12. "The Stanford 3D Scanning Repository". Stanford University. 22 Dec 2010. Retrieved 17 July 2011. http://graphics.stanford.edu/data/3Dscanrep/ ↩

  13. Greg Turk (2000). "The Stanford Bunny". Retrieved 18 July 2011. /wiki/Greg_Turk ↩

  14. "The Stanford 3D Scanning Repository". Stanford University. 22 Dec 2010. Retrieved 17 July 2011. http://graphics.stanford.edu/data/3Dscanrep/ ↩

  15. "The Stanford 3D Scanning Repository". Stanford University. 22 Dec 2010. Retrieved 17 July 2011. http://graphics.stanford.edu/data/3Dscanrep/ ↩

  16. "The Stanford 3D Scanning Repository". Stanford University. 22 Dec 2010. Retrieved 17 July 2011. http://graphics.stanford.edu/data/3Dscanrep/ ↩

  17. "The Stanford 3D Scanning Repository". Stanford University. 22 Dec 2010. Retrieved 17 July 2011. http://graphics.stanford.edu/data/3Dscanrep/ ↩

  18. Michael Goesele; Wolfgang Heidrich; Hendrik P. A. Lensch; Hans-Peter Seidel (January 2000). "Building a Photo Studio for Measurement Purposes". Computer Graphics Group, Max-Planck-Institut fur Informatik. CiteSeerx: 10.1.1.18.3510. https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/doc/10.1.1.18.3510 ↩

  19. "EG 2007 Phlegmatic Dragon". Eurographics 2007. 12 May 2011. Retrieved 23 July 2011. http://dcgi.felk.cvut.cz/cgg/eg07/index.php?page=dragon ↩

  20. Levoy, Marc (August 11, 2009). "The Digital Michelangelo Project". Stanford University. Retrieved 22 September 2014. http://graphics.stanford.edu/projects/mich/ ↩

  21. Levoy, Marc (August 19, 2014). "The Digital Michelangelo Project Archive of 3D Models". Stanford University. Retrieved 22 September 2014. http://graphics.stanford.edu/data/mich/ ↩

  22. Levoy, Marc (August 11, 2009). "The Digital Michelangelo Project". Stanford University. Retrieved 22 September 2014. http://graphics.stanford.edu/projects/mich/ ↩

  23. Levoy, Marc (November 27, 1998). "The Stanford Large Statue Scanner". Stanford University. Retrieved 22 September 2014. http://graphics.stanford.edu/projects/mich/mgantry-in-lab/mgantry-in-lab.html ↩

  24. Levoy, Marc (August 19, 2014). "The Digital Michelangelo Project Archive of 3D Models". Stanford University. Retrieved 22 September 2014. http://graphics.stanford.edu/data/mich/ ↩

  25. Levoy, Marc (August 19, 2014). "The Digital Michelangelo Project Archive of 3D Models". Stanford University. Retrieved 22 September 2014. http://graphics.stanford.edu/data/mich/ ↩