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History

In 2000, Eliezer Yudkowsky founded the Singularity Institute for Artificial Intelligence with funding from Brian and Sabine Atkins, with the purpose of accelerating the development of artificial intelligence (AI).¹²³ However, Yudkowsky began to be concerned that AI systems developed in the future could become superintelligent and pose risks to humanity,⁴ and in 2005 the institute moved to Silicon Valley and began to focus on ways to identify and manage those risks, which were at the time largely ignored by scientists in the field.⁵

Starting in 2006, the Institute organized the Singularity Summit to discuss the future of AI including its risks, initially in cooperation with Stanford University and with funding from Peter Thiel. The San Francisco Chronicle described the first conference as a "Bay Area coming-out party for the tech-inspired philosophy called transhumanism".⁶⁷ In 2011, its offices were four apartments in downtown Berkeley.⁸ In December 2012, the institute sold its name, web domain, and the Singularity Summit to Singularity University,⁹ and in the following month took the name "Machine Intelligence Research Institute".¹⁰

In 2014 and 2015, public and scientific interest in the risks of AI grew, increasing donations to fund research at MIRI and similar organizations.¹¹¹²: 327 

In 2019, Open Philanthropy recommended a general-support grant of approximately $2.1 million over two years to MIRI.¹³ In April 2020, Open Philanthropy supplemented this with a $7.7M grant over two years.¹⁴¹⁵

In 2021, Vitalik Buterin donated several million dollars worth of Ethereum to MIRI.¹⁶

Research and approach

MIRI's approach to identifying and managing the risks of AI, led by Yudkowsky, primarily addresses how to design friendly AI, covering both the initial design of AI systems and the creation of mechanisms to ensure that evolving AI systems remain friendly.¹⁷¹⁸¹⁹

MIRI researchers advocate early safety work as a precautionary measure.²⁰ However, MIRI researchers have expressed skepticism about the views of singularity advocates like Ray Kurzweil that superintelligence is "just around the corner".²¹ MIRI has funded forecasting work through an initiative called AI Impacts, which studies historical instances of discontinuous technological change, and has developed new measures of the relative computational power of humans and computer hardware.²²

MIRI aligns itself with the principles and objectives of the effective altruism movement.²³

Works by MIRI staff

• Graves, Matthew (8 November 2017). "Why We Should Be Concerned About Artificial Superintelligence". Skeptic. The Skeptics Society. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
• LaVictoire, Patrick; Fallenstein, Benja; Yudkowsky, Eliezer; Bárász, Mihály; Christiano, Paul; Herreshoff, Marcello (2014). "Program Equilibrium in the Prisoner's Dilemma via Löb's Theorem". Multiagent Interaction without Prior Coordination: Papers from the AAAI-14 Workshop. AAAI Publications.
• Soares, Nate; Levinstein, Benjamin A. (2017). "Cheating Death in Damascus" (PDF). Formal Epistemology Workshop (FEW). Retrieved 28 July 2018.
• Soares, Nate; Fallenstein, Benja; Yudkowsky, Eliezer; Armstrong, Stuart (2015). "Corrigibility". AAAI Workshops: Workshops at the Twenty-Ninth AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Austin, TX, January 25–26, 2015. AAAI Publications.
• Soares, Nate; Fallenstein, Benja (2015). "Aligning Superintelligence with Human Interests: A Technical Research Agenda" (PDF). In Miller, James; Yampolskiy, Roman; Armstrong, Stuart; et al. (eds.). The Technological Singularity: Managing the Journey. Springer.
• Yudkowsky, Eliezer (2008). "Artificial Intelligence as a Positive and Negative Factor in Global Risk" (PDF). In Bostrom, Nick; Ćirković, Milan (eds.). Global Catastrophic Risks. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0199606504.
• Taylor, Jessica (2016). "Quantilizers: A Safer Alternative to Maximizers for Limited Optimization". Workshops at the Thirtieth AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence.
• Yudkowsky, Eliezer (2011). "Complex Value Systems in Friendly AI" (PDF). Artificial General Intelligence: 4th International Conference, AGI 2011, Mountain View, CA, USA, August 3–6, 2011. Berlin: Springer.

See also

• Allen Institute for Artificial Intelligence
• Future of Humanity Institute
• Institute for Ethics and Emerging Technologies

Further reading

• Russell, Stuart; Dewey, Daniel; Tegmark, Max (Winter 2015). "Research Priorities for Robust and Beneficial Artificial Intelligence". AI Magazine. 36 (4): 6. arXiv:1602.03506. Bibcode:2016arXiv160203506R. doi:10.1609/aimag.v36i4.2577.

External links

• Official website
• "Machine Intelligence Research Institute". Internal Revenue Service filings. ProPublica Nonprofit Explorer.

References

1. "MIRI: Artificial Intelligence: The Danger of Good Intentions - Future of Life Institute". Future of Life Institute. 11 October 2015. Archived from the original on 28 August 2018. Retrieved 28 August 2018. https://futureoflife.org/2015/10/11/113/ ↩

2. Khatchadourian, Raffi. "The Doomsday Invention". The New Yorker. Archived from the original on 2019-04-29. Retrieved 2018-08-28. https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2015/11/23/doomsday-invention-artificial-intelligence-nick-bostrom ↩

3. Waters, Richard (31 October 2014). "Artificial intelligence: machine v man". Financial Times. Archived from the original on 27 August 2018. Retrieved 27 August 2018. https://www.ft.com/content/abc942cc-5fb3-11e4-8c27-00144feabdc0 ↩

4. "MIRI: Artificial Intelligence: The Danger of Good Intentions - Future of Life Institute". Future of Life Institute. 11 October 2015. Archived from the original on 28 August 2018. Retrieved 28 August 2018. https://futureoflife.org/2015/10/11/113/ ↩

5. Khatchadourian, Raffi. "The Doomsday Invention". The New Yorker. Archived from the original on 2019-04-29. Retrieved 2018-08-28. https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2015/11/23/doomsday-invention-artificial-intelligence-nick-bostrom ↩

6. Abate, Tom (2006). "Smarter than thou?". San Francisco Chronicle. Archived from the original on 11 February 2011. Retrieved 12 October 2015. http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2006/05/12/BUG9IIMG1V197.DTL ↩

7. Abate, Tom (2007). "Public meeting will re-examine future of artificial intelligence". San Francisco Chronicle. Archived from the original on 14 January 2016. Retrieved 12 October 2015. http://www.sfgate.com/news/article/Public-meeting-will-re-examine-future-of-2504766.php ↩

8. Kaste, Martin (January 11, 2011). "The Singularity: Humanity's Last Invention?". All Things Considered, NPR. Archived from the original on August 28, 2018. Retrieved August 28, 2018. https://www.npr.org/2011/01/11/132840775/The-Singularity-Humanitys-Last-Invention ↩

9. "Press release: Singularity University Acquires the Singularity Summitt". Singularity University. 9 December 2012. Archived from the original on 27 April 2019. Retrieved 28 August 2018. https://singularityu.org/2012/12/09/singularity-university-acquires-the-singularity-summit/ ↩

10. "Press release: We are now the "Machine Intelligence Research Institute" (MIRI) - Machine Intelligence Research Institute". Machine Intelligence Research Institute. 30 January 2013. Archived from the original on 23 September 2018. Retrieved 28 August 2018. https://intelligence.org/2013/01/30/we-are-now-the-machine-intelligence-research-institute-miri/ ↩

11. Waters, Richard (31 October 2014). "Artificial intelligence: machine v man". Financial Times. Archived from the original on 27 August 2018. Retrieved 27 August 2018. https://www.ft.com/content/abc942cc-5fb3-11e4-8c27-00144feabdc0 ↩

12. Tegmark, Max (2017). Life 3.0: Being Human in the Age of Artificial Intelligence. United States: Knopf. ISBN 978-1-101-94659-6. 978-1-101-94659-6 ↩

13. "Machine Intelligence Research Institute — General Support (2019)". Open Philanthropy Project. 2019-03-29. Archived from the original on 2019-10-08. Retrieved 2019-10-08. https://www.openphilanthropy.org/focus/global-catastrophic-risks/potential-risks-advanced-artificial-intelligence/machine-intelligence-research-institute-general-support-2019 ↩

14. "Machine Intelligence Research Institute — General Support (2020)". Open Philanthropy Project. 10 March 2020. Archived from the original on April 13, 2020. https://www.openphilanthropy.org/focus/global-catastrophic-risks/potential-risks-advanced-artificial-intelligence/machine-intelligence-research-institute-general-support-2020 ↩

15. Bensinger, Rob (April 27, 2020). "MIRI's largest grant to date!". MIRI. Archived from the original on April 27, 2020. Retrieved April 27, 2020. https://intelligence.org/2020/04/27/miris-largest-grant-to-date/ ↩

16. Maheshwari, Suyash (2021-05-13). "Ethereum creator Vitalik Buterin donates $1.5 billion in cryptocurrency to India COVID Relief Fund & other charities". MSN. Archived from the original on 2021-08-24. Retrieved 2023-01-23. https://web.archive.org/web/20210824123721/https://www.msn.com/en-in/money/topstories/ethereum-creator-vitalik-buterin-donates-15-billion-in-cryptocurrency-to-india-covid-relief-fund-other-charities/ar-BB1gG1nr ↩

17. Waters, Richard (31 October 2014). "Artificial intelligence: machine v man". Financial Times. Archived from the original on 27 August 2018. Retrieved 27 August 2018. https://www.ft.com/content/abc942cc-5fb3-11e4-8c27-00144feabdc0 ↩

18. LaFrance, Adrienne (2015). "Building Robots With Better Morals Than Humans". The Atlantic. Archived from the original on 19 August 2015. Retrieved 12 October 2015. https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2015/01/building-robots-with-better-morals-than-humans/385015/ ↩

19. Russell, Stuart; Norvig, Peter (2009). Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach. Prentice Hall. ISBN 978-0-13-604259-4. 978-0-13-604259-4 ↩

20. Sathian, Sanjena (4 January 2016). "The Most Important Philosophers of Our Time Reside in Silicon Valley". OZY. Archived from the original on 29 July 2018. Retrieved 28 July 2018. https://www.ozy.com/fast-forward/the-21st-century-philosophers/65230 ↩

21. LaFrance, Adrienne (2015). "Building Robots With Better Morals Than Humans". The Atlantic. Archived from the original on 19 August 2015. Retrieved 12 October 2015. https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2015/01/building-robots-with-better-morals-than-humans/385015/ ↩

22. Hsu, Jeremy (2015). "Making Sure AI's Rapid Rise Is No Surprise". Discover. Archived from the original on 12 October 2015. Retrieved 12 October 2015. http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/lovesick-cyborg/2015/09/02/making-sure-ais-rapid-rise-is-no-surprise/ ↩

23. "AI and Effective Altruism". Machine Intelligence Research Institute. 2015-08-28. Archived from the original on 2019-10-08. Retrieved 2019-10-08. https://intelligence.org/2015/08/28/ai-and-effective-altruism/ ↩