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Mesodinium nuclear code
An alternative genetic code found in the nuclear genome of some ciliates

The Mesodinium nuclear code (translation table 29) is a genetic code used by the nuclear genome of the ciliates Mesodinium and Myrionecta.

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The code (29)

   AAs = FFLLSSSSYYYYCC*WLLLAPPPPHHQQRRRRIIIMTTTTNNKKSSRRVVVVAAAADDEEGGGG Starts = --------------*--------------------M----------------------------  Base1 = TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGG  Base2 = TTTTCCCCAAAAGGGGTTTTCCCCAAAAGGGGTTTTCCCCAAAAGGGGTTTTCCCCAAAAGGGG  Base3 = TCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAG

Bases: adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G) and thymine (T) or uracil (U).

Amino acids: Alanine (Ala, A), Arginine (Arg, R), Asparagine (Asn, N), Aspartic acid (Asp, D), Cysteine (Cys, C), Glutamic acid (Glu, E), Glutamine (Gln, Q), Glycine (Gly, G), Histidine (His, H), Isoleucine (Ile, I), Leucine (Leu, L), Lysine (Lys, K), Methionine (Met, M), Phenylalanine (Phe, F), Proline (Pro, P), Serine (Ser, S), Threonine (Thr, T), Tryptophan (Trp, W), Tyrosine (Tyr, Y), and Valine (Val, V).

Differences from the standard code

DNA codonsRNA codonsThis code (29)Standard code (1)
TAAUAATyr (Y)Ter (*)
TAGUAGTyr (Y)Ter (*)

See also

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain. 2

References

  1. Heaphy, Stephen M.; Mariotti, Marco; Gladyshev, Vadim N.; Atkins, John F.; Baranov, Pavel V. (2016-11-01). "Novel Ciliate Genetic Code Variants Including the Reassignment of All Three Stop Codons to Sense Codons in Condylostoma magnum". Molecular Biology and Evolution. 33 (11): 2885–2889. doi:10.1093/molbev/msw166. ISSN 0737-4038. PMC 5062323. PMID 27501944. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5062323 ↩

  2. Elzanowski A, Ostell J, Leipe D, Soussov V. "The Genetic Codes". Taxonomy browser. National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), U.S. National Library of Medicine. Retrieved 18 November 2016. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/taxonomyhome.html/index.cgi?chapter=tgencodes#thetop ↩