The Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) is a shared universe of superhero films produced by Marvel Studios, based on Marvel Comics characters. Since 2007, it has released over 35 films, including the record-breaking Avengers: Endgame, making it the highest-grossing film franchise. The MCU's films are grouped into Phases; for example, Phase Three includes Captain America: Civil War and Spider-Man: Homecoming. The latest Phase Five features films like Ant-Man and the Wasp: Quantumania. Marvel Studios president Kevin Feige has produced every film, contributing to the franchise's enormous success and ongoing expansion across cinema and streaming platforms like Disney+.
Development
By 2005, Marvel Entertainment had begun planning to produce its own films independently and distribute them through Paramount Pictures.1 In June 2007, Marvel Studios secured funding from a $525 million revolving credit facility with Merrill Lynch.2 Marvel planned to release individual films for their main characters and then merge them in a crossover film.3
Marvel Studios president Kevin Feige said in November 2013 that releases each year would ideally include one film based on an existing character and one featuring a new character, feeling that would be "a nice rhythm", although, this was not always the case as shown by two sequels being released in 2013 (Iron Man 3 and Thor: The Dark World).4 Feige elaborated in July 2014 that this model was being followed for 2014 and 2015 and he felt it would be "fun to continue that sort of thing".5 After the reveal that month of multiple release dates for films through 2019,6 in which some years had three films scheduled, Feige said there was no "number cruncher" telling the studio to increase their film output and the change was based on them "managing [existing] franchises, film to film, and when we have a team ready to go, why tell them to go away for four years just because we don't have a slot? We'd rather find a way to keep that going."7 After the titles for these films were revealed in October 2014,8 Feige said the studio was "firing on all cylinders right now" and this made them comfortable with increasing to three films a year in 2017 and 2018 without changing their production approach.9 On the potential for so-called "superhero fatigue", Feige stated that, although each film is based on Marvel Comics and feature the "Marvel Studios" logo, he believed each film had unique qualities that differentiated them from the others and from non-Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) superhero films. For example, he noted how the studio's 2016 releases, Captain America: Civil War and Doctor Strange, were "completely different movies". The studio hoped to continue to surprise audiences and "not [fall] into things becoming too similar".10
In February 2014, Feige said Marvel Studios wanted to mimic the "rhythm" of comic book releases by having characters appear in their own films and then come together for crossover events,11 with Avengers films acting as "big, giant linchpins" within the shared universe.12 On expanding the number of characters in the universe and letting individual films breathe and work on their own, as opposed to having Avenger team-ups outside of Avengers films, Feige said they planned to teach general audiences "about the notion of the characters existing separately, coming together for specific events and going away and existing separately in their own worlds again. Just like comic readers have been doing for decades... people sort of are accepting that there's just a time when they should be together and there's a time when they're not."13 Discussing how much story is developed for future MCU films, Feige said in September 2015 that "broad strokes" and occasionally "super-specific things" are determined far in advance. He said there was enough leeway to "have room to sway and to move and to go and to surprise ourselves in places that we end up" and that each film would feel satisfying on its own, but still interconnected to the larger universe and as if it had been planned years ahead of time. The studio has contingency plans for times when they are unable to secure a certain actor to reprise a role, and are able to respond to surprises such as the film rights to use Spider-Man becoming available in February 2015.14
Feige discussed moving the MCU to Phase Four in April 2016, reflecting on the first three phases of films and saying, "I think there will be a finality to moments of Phase Three, as well as new beginnings that will mark a different, a very different, a distinctively different chapter in what will someday be a complete first saga made up of three Phases." Frequent MCU director Joe Russo added that Phase Three was the "deconstruction Phase" of the MCU, beginning with Civil War and leading into "the culmination films" of Avengers: Infinity War (2018) and Avengers: Endgame (2019).15 A year later, Feige felt after the conclusion of Phase Three, Marvel might abandon grouping the films by Phases, saying, "it might be a new thing".16 Feige mentioned that Avengers: Endgame would provide "a definitive end" to the films and storylines preceding it, with the franchise having "two distinct periods. Everything before [Endgame] and everything after". Many of the films that were planned to follow Endgame were intentionally different from the films in "The Infinity Saga", which includes Phase One, Phase Two, and Phase Three.17
In July 2019, Feige announced the Phase Four slate at San Diego Comic-Con, consisting of films and television event series for the streaming service Disney+.18 In December 2020, at Disney's Investor Day, Marvel provided updates to previously announced films for the Phase.1920 In late June 2022, Feige said audiences would begin to see where the next saga of the MCU would be heading as Phase Four neared its conclusion, adding that there had been many clues throughout the Phase to what that would be. He said Marvel Studios would be a "little more direct" on their future plans in the following months to provide audiences with "the bigger picture".21 In July 2022, Feige unveiled the Phase Five and Six slates at San Diego Comic-Con, similarly consisting of films and Disney+ series, and revealed that these three Phases would make up "The Multiverse Saga".22 In May 2024, Disney CEO Bob Iger said the company planned to release two, or at most three, Marvel films a year moving forward, down from four films being released in some recent years, as part of Disney's larger strategy to reduce its content output and focus on quality. At that time, four films were still expected to be released in both 2025 and 2026. Iger said Marvel content would continue to balance sequels with new franchises.23 Later in 2024, Disney removed the long-in-development film Blade from its 2025 release date and also removed an unspecified Marvel film that was scheduled for July 2026,2425 which was replaced by Sony Pictures's untitled fourth Spider-Man film.26 Feige said the three films that were still scheduled for 2025 had been in development for a long time and were ready for release. He expected Marvel Studios to start releasing two films a year from 2026.27
Films
Marvel Studios releases its films in groups called "Phases".2829
The Infinity Saga
The films from Phase One, Phase Two, and Phase Three are collectively known as "The Infinity Saga".3031
Phase One
Main article: Marvel Cinematic Universe: Phase One
Films of Phase One| Film32 | U.S. release date | Director | Screenwriter(s) | Producer(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Iron Man | May 2, 2008 (2008-5-2) | Jon Favreau33 | Mark Fergus & Hawk Ostby and Art Marcum & Matt Holloway3435 | Avi Arad and Kevin Feige |
| The Incredible Hulk | June 13, 2008 (2008-6-13) | Louis Leterrier36 | Zak Penn37 | Avi Arad, Gale Anne Hurd, and Kevin Feige |
| Iron Man 2 | May 7, 2010 (2010-5-7) | Jon Favreau38 | Justin Theroux39 | Kevin Feige |
| Thor | May 6, 2011 (2011-5-6) | Kenneth Branagh40 | Ashley Edward Miller & Zack Stentz and Don Payne41 | |
| Captain America: The First Avenger | July 22, 2011 (2011-7-22) | Joe Johnston42 | Christopher Markus & Stephen McFeely43 | |
| The Avengers | May 4, 2012 (2012-5-4) | Joss Whedon44 | ||
Phase Two
Main article: Marvel Cinematic Universe: Phase Two
Films of Phase Two| Film45 | U.S. release date | Director(s) | Screenwriter(s) | Producer |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Iron Man 3 | May 3, 2013 (2013-5-3) | Shane Black46 | Drew Pearce and Shane Black4748 | Kevin Feige |
| Thor: The Dark World | November 8, 2013 (2013-11-8) | Alan Taylor49 | Christopher L. Yost and Christopher Markus & Stephen McFeely50 | |
| Captain America: The Winter Soldier | April 4, 2014 (2014-4-4) | Anthony and Joe Russo51 | Christopher Markus & Stephen McFeely52 | |
| Guardians of the Galaxy | August 1, 2014 (2014-8-1) | James Gunn53 | James Gunn and Nicole Perlman54 | |
| Avengers: Age of Ultron | May 1, 2015 (2015-5-1) | Joss Whedon55 | ||
| Ant-Man | July 17, 2015 (2015-7-17) | Peyton Reed56 | Edgar Wright & Joe Cornish and Adam McKay & Paul Rudd57 | |
Phase Three
Main article: Marvel Cinematic Universe: Phase Three
Films of Phase Three| Film58 | U.S. release date | Director(s) | Screenwriter(s) | Producer(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Captain America: Civil War | May 6, 2016 (2016-5-6) | Anthony and Joe Russo59 | Christopher Markus & Stephen McFeely60 | Kevin Feige |
| Doctor Strange | November 4, 2016 (2016-11-4) | Scott Derrickson61 | Jon Spaihts and Scott Derrickson & C. Robert Cargill62 | |
| Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2 | May 5, 2017 (2017-5-5) | James Gunn63 | ||
| Spider-Man: Homecoming | July 7, 2017 (2017-7-7) | Jon Watts64 | Jonathan Goldstein & John Francis Daley and Jon Watts & Christopher Ford and Chris McKenna & Erik Sommers65 | Kevin Feige and Amy Pascal |
| Thor: Ragnarok | November 3, 2017 (2017-11-3) | Taika Waititi66 | Eric Pearson and Craig Kyle & Christopher L. Yost6768 | Kevin Feige |
| Black Panther | February 16, 2018 (2018-2-16) | Ryan Coogler69 | Ryan Coogler & Joe Robert Cole7071 | |
| Avengers: Infinity War | April 27, 2018 (2018-4-27) | Anthony and Joe Russo72 | Christopher Markus & Stephen McFeely73 | |
| Ant-Man and the Wasp | July 6, 2018 (2018-7-6) | Peyton Reed74 | Chris McKenna & Erik Sommers and Paul Rudd & Andrew Barrer & Gabriel Ferrari75 | Kevin Feige and Stephen Broussard |
| Captain Marvel | March 8, 2019 (2019-3-8) | Anna Boden & Ryan Fleck76 | Anna Boden & Ryan Fleck & Geneva Robertson-Dworet77 | Kevin Feige |
| Avengers: Endgame | April 26, 2019 (2019-4-26) | Anthony and Joe Russo78 | Christopher Markus & Stephen McFeely79 | |
| Spider-Man: Far From Home | July 2, 2019 (2019-7-2) | Jon Watts80 | Chris McKenna & Erik Sommers81 | Kevin Feige and Amy Pascal |
The Multiverse Saga
The films from Phase Four, Phase Five, and Phase Six are collectively known as "The Multiverse Saga".82 The Phases also include multiple series and three specials streaming on Disney+.83
Phase Four
Main article: Marvel Cinematic Universe: Phase Four § Films
Films of Phase Four| Film84 | U.S. release date | Director | Screenwriter(s) | Producer(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Black Widow | July 9, 2021 (2021-7-9)85 | Cate Shortland86 | Eric Pearson87 | Kevin Feige |
| Shang-Chi and the Legend of the Ten Rings | September 3, 2021 (2021-9-3) | Destin Daniel Cretton88 | Dave Callaham & Destin Daniel Cretton & Andrew Lanham89 | Kevin Feige and Jonathan Schwartz |
| Eternals | November 5, 2021 (2021-11-5) | Chloé Zhao90 | Chloé Zhao and Chloé Zhao & Patrick Burleigh and Ryan Firpo & Kaz Firpo919293 | Kevin Feige and Nate Moore |
| Spider-Man: No Way Home | December 17, 2021 (2021-12-17) | Jon Watts94 | Chris McKenna & Erik Sommers95 | Kevin Feige and Amy Pascal |
| Doctor Strange in the Multiverse of Madness | May 6, 2022 (2022-5-6) | Sam Raimi96 | Michael Waldron97 | Kevin Feige |
| Thor: Love and Thunder | July 8, 2022 (2022-7-8) | Taika Waititi98 | Taika Waititi & Jennifer Kaytin Robinson99 | Kevin Feige and Brad Winderbaum |
| Black Panther: Wakanda Forever | November 11, 2022 (2022-11-11) | Ryan Coogler100 | Ryan Coogler & Joe Robert Cole101102 | Kevin Feige and Nate Moore |
Phase Five
Main article: Marvel Cinematic Universe: Phase Five § Films
Films of Phase Five| Film103 | U.S. release date | Director | Screenwriter(s) | Producer(s) | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ant-Man and the Wasp: Quantumania | February 17, 2023 (2023-2-17) | Peyton Reed104 | Jeff Loveness105 | Kevin Feige and Stephen Broussard | Released |
| Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 3 | May 5, 2023 (2023-5-5) | James Gunn106 | Kevin Feige | ||
| The Marvels | November 10, 2023 (2023-11-10) | Nia DaCosta107 | Nia DaCosta and Megan McDonnell and Elissa Karasik108 | ||
| Deadpool & Wolverine | July 26, 2024 (2024-7-26) | Shawn Levy109 | Ryan Reynolds & Rhett Reese & Paul Wernick & Zeb Wells & Shawn Levy110 | Kevin Feige, Lauren Shuler Donner, Ryan Reynolds, and Shawn Levy | |
| Captain America: Brave New World | February 14, 2025 (2025-2-14) | Julius Onah111 | Rob Edwards and Malcolm Spellman & Dalan Musson and Julius Onah & Peter Glanz112 | Kevin Feige and Nate Moore | |
| Thunderbolts* | May 2, 2025 (2025-5-2)113 | Jake Schreier114 | Eric Pearson and Lee Sung Jin and Joanna Calo115116 | Kevin Feige | Post-production |
Phase Six
Main article: Marvel Cinematic Universe: Phase Six § Films
Films of Phase Six| Film117118119 | U.S. release date | Director(s) | Screenwriter(s) | Producer(s) | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| The Fantastic Four: First Steps | July 25, 2025 (2025-7-25)120 | Matt Shakman121 | Jeff Kaplan & Ian Springer and Josh Friedman and Cameron Squires and Eric Pearson and Peter Cameron122123 | Kevin Feige | Post-production |
| Avengers: Doomsday | May 1, 2026 (2026-5-1)124 | Anthony and Joe Russo125 | Michael Waldron and Stephen McFeely126 | Kevin Feige, Anthony Russo, and Joe Russo | Filming |
| Untitled Spider-Man: No Way Home sequel | July 31, 2026 (2026-7-31)127 | Destin Daniel Cretton128 | Chris McKenna & Erik Sommers129 | Kevin Feige and Amy Pascal | Pre-production |
| Avengers: Secret Wars | May 7, 2027 (2027-5-7)130 | Anthony and Joe Russo131 | Michael Waldron and Stephen McFeely132 | Kevin Feige, Anthony Russo, and Joe Russo | In development |
Disney has scheduled additional release dates for unannounced Marvel Studios films on February 13 and November 6, 2026.133
Future
Future films of the Marvel Cinematic Universe| Film | U.S. release date | Director | Screenwriter | Producer(s) | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Armor Wars | TBA | TBA | Yassir Lester134 | Kevin Feige | In development |
| Black Panther 3 | TBA | Ryan Coogler135136 | Kevin Feige and Nate Moore | ||
| Blade | TBD137 | TBA | Eric Pearson138 | Kevin Feige | |
| Untitled Shang-Chi and the Legend of the Ten Rings sequel | TBA | Destin Daniel Cretton139 | Kevin Feige and Jonathan Schwartz | ||
| Untitled X-Men film140 | TBA | TBA | TBA | Kevin Feige | |
At any given time, Marvel Studios has future films planned five to six years out from what they have announced.141 By April 2014, additional storylines were planned through 2028,142 with MCU films through 2032 being planned by April 2022.143 By July 2024, Marvel Studios had ideas for their projects through 2029 though Feige noted that these could change as needed.144 Disney has scheduled additional release dates for unannounced Marvel Studios films on July 23 and November 5, 2027,145 as well as on February 18, May 5, and November 10, 2028.146 In February 2025, producer Nate Moore said that work on some projects, such as Armor Wars, had slowed down since the studio began reducing content output and focusing on quality.147
Armor Wars
James Rhodes must confront one of Tony Stark's greatest fears when Stark's tech falls into the wrong hands.148
In December 2020, Marvel Studios announced Armor Wars as a Disney+ series based on the comic book storyline of the same name, with Don Cheadle reprising his role as James Rhodes / War Machine.149 In August 2021, Yassir Lester was hired as the series' head writer.150 In September 2022, Marvel Studios decided to rework the series into a feature film, with Cheadle and Lester remaining with the project.151 Development had slowed down by February 2025.152
Armor Wars is set after the events of Secret Invasion (2023).153 Walton Goggins is set to reprise his role as Sonny Burch from Ant-Man and the Wasp (2018).154
Black Panther 3
See also: Black Panther: Wakanda Forever § Sequel
By November 2022, Ryan Coogler and Kevin Feige had discussed a potential third Black Panther film.155 Two years later, Coogler had had discussions with Denzel Washington about casting him for a role in a third film.156 Nate Moore, who is set to leave Marvel Studios in March 2025, will return to produce the film.157 In February 2025, Moore confirmed that Coogler would direct the film and said active work would begin later that year, once Coogler completed work on his film Sinners (2025).158
Blade
See also: Blade (character) § Film
Following New Line Cinema's Blade film trilogy (1998–2004), Marvel Studios regained the film rights to the character Blade by July 2011 and was developing a new version by May 2013.159160 Mahershala Ali, who played Cornell "Cottonmouth" Stokes in Marvel Television's Luke Cage (2016–18), approached Marvel Studios in February 2019 about starring in a new Blade film, which Feige announced at San Diego Comic-Con (SDCC) that July with Ali as Blade;161 he first had an uncredited voice cameo in Eternals (2021).162 Multiple filmmakers were attached in the following years, including directors Bassam Tariq and Yann Demange, while the production experienced several delays.163164 Eric Pearson was rewriting the script by June 2024, when Marvel was searching for a new director,165 and Blade was removed from the release schedule in October 2024.166
Untitled Shang-Chi and the Legend of the Ten Rings sequel
See also: Shang-Chi and the Legend of the Ten Rings § Sequel
In December 2021, a sequel to Shang-Chi and the Legend of the Ten Rings (2021) was announced to be in development, with Destin Daniel Cretton returning to write and direct.167 Simu Liu was expected to return as Shang-Chi by the following month.168 In September 2024, Cretton was chosen to direct the fourth MCU Spider-Man film which was a higher priority for Marvel Studios than the Shang-Chi sequel.169
Untitled X-Men film
See also: Mutant (Marvel Comics) § Marvel Cinematic Universe
At SDCC in July 2019, Kevin Feige stated that mutants would eventually be introduced to the MCU, which include X-Men,170171 and said those terms are interchangeable and that the MCU depiction would differ from 20th Century Fox's X-Men film series.172 By September 2023, Marvel Studios was preparing to meet with writers for an X-Men film later that year,173 and Michael Lesslie entered negotiations to write the film in May 2024.174
Other
Marvel Studios is working on an unknown project with Scarlett Johansson, who will serve as a producer.175 The project was still being developed by mid-June 2023, when work was paused due to the 2023 Writers Guild of America strike.176
Recurring cast and characters
Main articles: List of Marvel Cinematic Universe film actors and List of Marvel Cinematic Universe film actors (The Infinity Saga)
See also: List of Marvel Cinematic Universe television series actors (Marvel Studios)
List indicatorsThis section includes characters who will appear or have appeared in films in multiple Phases within the Marvel Cinematic Universe, and received main billing credit for at least three films (see FAQ).
- A dark grey cell indicates the character was not in the film, or that the character's presence has not yet been confirmed.
- A C indicates an uncredited cameo role.
- A P indicates an appearance in onscreen photographs.
- A V indicates a voice-only role.
Release
Theatrical distribution
Over time, the distribution rights to Marvel Studios' films have changed hands on multiple occasions. In November 2006, Universal Pictures announced that it would distribute The Incredible Hulk (2008),244 in an arrangement separate from Marvel's 2005 deal with Paramount, which was distributing Marvel's other films.245 In September 2008, after the international success of Iron Man (2008), Paramount signed a deal to have worldwide distribution rights for Iron Man 2 (2010), Iron Man 3 (2013), Thor (2011), Captain America: The First Avenger (2011), and The Avengers (2012).246
In late December 2009, the Walt Disney Company purchased Marvel Entertainment for $4 billion. Additionally, in October 2010, Walt Disney Studios bought the distribution rights for The Avengers and Iron Man 3 from Paramount Pictures,247 with Paramount's logo remaining on the films, as well as for promotional material and merchandise,248249 although Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures is the only studio credited at the end of these films.250 Disney has distributed all subsequent Marvel Studios films.251 In July 2013, Disney purchased the distribution rights to Iron Man, Iron Man 2, Thor and Captain America: The First Avenger from Paramount.252 The Incredible Hulk was not part of the deal at the time, due to an agreement between Marvel and Universal, where Marvel owns the film rights and Universal owns the distribution rights, for this film as well as the right of first refusal to distribute future Hulk films.253 According to The Hollywood Reporter, a potential reason why Marvel has not bought the film distribution rights to the Hulk as they did with Paramount for the Iron Man, Thor, and Captain America films is that Universal holds the theme park rights to several Marvel characters that Disney wants for its own theme parks.254 In June 2023, the distribution rights to The Incredible Hulk reverted from Universal back to Marvel Studios and Disney.255256
Spider-Man films
In February 2015, Sony Pictures Entertainment and Marvel Studios announced a licensing deal that would allow Spider-Man to appear in the Marvel Cinematic Universe, with the character first appearing in Captain America: Civil War.257258 Marvel Studios explored opportunities to integrate other characters of the Marvel Cinematic Universe into future Spider-Man films financed, distributed, and controlled by Sony Pictures,259 with Robert Downey Jr. the first confirmed to reprise his role as Tony Stark / Iron Man in Spider-Man: Homecoming (2017).260 In June 2015, Feige clarified that the initial Sony deal does not apply to the MCU television series, as it was "very specific ... with a certain amount of back and forth allowed".261 Both studios have the ability to terminate the agreement at any point, and no money was exchanged with the deal. However, a small adjustment was made to a 2011 deal formed between the two studios (where Marvel gained full control of Spider-Man's merchandising rights, in exchange for making a one-time payment of $175 million to Sony and paying up to $35 million for each future Spider-Man film, and forgoing receiving their previous 5% of any Spider-Man film's revenue), with Marvel getting to reduce their $35 million payment to Sony if Spider-Man: Homecoming grossed more than $750 million.262 Marvel Studios still received 5% of first dollar gross for the film.263 Sony also paid Marvel Studios an undisclosed producer fee for Homecoming.264
In August 2019, it was reported that Disney and Sony could not reach a new agreement regarding Spider-Man films, with Marvel Studios and Feige said to no longer have any involvement in future films. Deadline Hollywood noted that Disney had hoped future films would be a "50/50 co-financing arrangement between the studios", with the possibility to extend the deal to other Spider-Man-related films, an offer Sony rejected and did not counter. Instead, Sony hoped to keep the terms of the previous agreement (Marvel receiving 5% of the film's first dollar gross), with Disney refusing.265 The Hollywood Reporter added that the lack of a new agreement would see the end of Holland's Spider-Man in the MCU.266 Variety cited unnamed sources claiming negotiations had "hit an impasse" and that a new deal could still be reached.267 In September 2019, it was announced that Disney and Sony had reached a new agreement allowing for Spider-Man to appear in Spider-Man: No Way Home (2021) as the third film co-produced by Marvel Studios and Sony Pictures and a future Marvel Studios film.268 Disney was reported to be co-financing 25% of the film in exchange for 25% of the film's profits in the new agreement, while retaining the merchandising rights to the character.269270
In November 2021, producer Amy Pascal revealed that Sony and Marvel Studios were planning to make at least three more Spider-Man films starring Holland, with work on the first of those films getting ready to begin.271 However, The Hollywood Reporter noted that there were no official plans for a new trilogy, despite the strong working relationship between the studios.272 The following month, Feige said that he, Pascal, Disney, and Sony were "actively beginning to develop" the next Spider-Man story, assuring that there would not be any "separation trauma" that occurred between Far From Home and No Way Home.273 Sony's agreement specifies that production has to start on a film within three years and nine months of the previous one, and release within five years and nine months, otherwise the rights revert to Marvel.274: 295
Home media
Physical
In June 2012, Marvel announced a 10-disc box set titled "Marvel Cinematic Universe: Phase One – Avengers Assembled", for release on September 25, 2012. The box set includes all six of the Phase One films—Iron Man, The Incredible Hulk, Iron Man 2, Thor, Captain America: The First Avenger, and The Avengers—on Blu-ray and Blu-ray 3D, in a replica of Nick Fury's briefcase from The Avengers.275 In August 2012, luggage company Rimowa GmbH, who developed the briefcase for The Avengers, filed suit against Marvel Studios and Buena Vista Home Entertainment in U.S. federal court, complaining that "Marvel did not obtain any license or authorization from Rimowa to make replica copies of the cases for any purpose."276 The set was delayed to early 2013 for the packaging to be redesigned.277 The box set, with a redesigned case, was released on April 2, 2013. In addition, the box set included a featurette on the then-upcoming Phase Two films, showing footage and concept art, as well as previously unreleased deleted scenes from all of the Phase One films.278
In July 2015, Marvel announced a 13-disc box set titled "Marvel Cinematic Universe: Phase Two Collection", for release on December 8, 2015, exclusive to Amazon.com. The box set includes all six of the Phase Two films—Iron Man 3, Thor: The Dark World, Captain America: The Winter Soldier, Guardians of the Galaxy, Avengers: Age of Ultron, and Ant-Man—on Blu-ray, Blu-ray 3D and a digital copy, in a replica of the Orb from Guardians of the Galaxy, plus a bonus disc and exclusive memorabilia. Material on the bonus disc includes all of the Marvel One-Shots with commentary, deleted scenes and pre-production creative features for each of the films, featurettes on the making of the post-credit scenes for the films, and first looks at Captain America: Civil War, Doctor Strange, and Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2.279280
In September 2019, Feige indicated a box set with all 23 films of "The Infinity Saga" would be released, with the set including previously unreleased deleted scenes and other footage, such as an alternate take of the Nick Fury post-credits scene from Iron Man which references Spider-Man, the Hulk, and the X-Men.281 The box set, featuring all 23 films on Ultra HD Blu-ray and Blu-ray, a bonus disc, a letter from Feige, and a lithograph art piece by Matt Ferguson, was released on November 15, 2019, exclusively at Best Buy.282
Streaming and cable
In March 2008, Marvel Studios presold the US cable broadcast rights to FX for five of their films, including Iron Man and The Incredible Hulk, for four years.283 FX also acquired the rights to Iron Man 3 in May 2013.284 In September 2014, TNT acquired the US cable broadcast rights to five Marvel Studios films, beginning with Avengers: Age of Ultron, for broadcast two years after their theatrical release.285
Every Marvel Studios release from January 2016 to December 2018 was available on Netflix.286 Captain Marvel was the first Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures-distributed film not to stream on Netflix, after Disney let their licensing deal with them expire. It became the first theatrical Disney release to stream exclusively on Disney+, which launched on November 12, 2019.[226][227] Bloomberg News reported that the films part of Disney's agreement with Netflix would return to Netflix starting in 2026, while being removed from Disney+.287
In April 2021, Sony signed a deal with Disney for its theatrical releases from 2022 to 2026 to stream on Disney+ and Hulu and appear on Disney's linear television networks for their "pay 2 window". As well, Sony's legacy content, including past Spider-Man films and Marvel content in Sony's Spider-Man Universe (SSU), would be able to be streamed on Disney+ and Hulu. Disney's access to Sony's titles would come following their availability on Netflix for their "pay 1 window". Homecoming and Spider-Man: Far From Home (2019) had previously been available on Starz and FX.288289 Homecoming became available on Disney+ in the United States on May 12, 2023,[230] while Far From Home became available on November 3, 2023.[231] The Incredible Hulk became available on Disney+ in the United States on June 16, 2023, following the film's distribution rights reverting to Marvel Studios.290291
IMAX 10th anniversary festival
From August 30 to September 6, 2018, in conjunction with Marvel Studios' 10-year anniversary celebrations, all 20 films released at the time (Iron Man through Ant-Man and the Wasp) were screened in IMAX. The films were shown in release order, with four films per day. The final days of the festival were theme-related, with one showing "origin" films (Iron Man, Spider-Man: Homecoming, Black Panther, and Doctor Strange), one showing "team-ups" (Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2, Captain America: Civil War, The Avengers, and Avengers: Infinity War),292293 and the final day showing Iron Man and The Avengers as chosen by the fans via a Twitter poll.294 The festival also saw Iron Man, The Incredible Hulk, and Captain America: The First Avenger released in IMAX for the first time.295296
Reception
Box office performance
The Marvel Cinematic Universe is the highest-grossing film franchise of all time worldwide, both unadjusted and adjusted-for-inflation, having grossed over $31.5 billion at the global box office. Several of its sub-series such as the Avengers, Iron Man, Captain America, Thor, and Spider-Man film series are among the most successful film series of all time.297 From July 2019 to March 2021,298 Avengers: Endgame was the highest-grossing film of all time.299 With the release of Deadpool & Wolverine (2024), the MCU became the first film franchise to cross $30 billion.300
Each film is linked to the "Box office" section of its article.
Box office performance of Marvel Cinematic Universe films| Film | U.S. release date | Box office gross | All-time ranking | Budget | Ref. | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| U.S. and Canada | Other territories | Worldwide | U.S. and Canada | Worldwide | ||||
| Phase One | ||||||||
| Iron Man | May 2, 2008 | $319,034,126 | $266,762,121 | $585,796,247 | 89 | 190 | $140 million | 301 |
| The Incredible Hulk | June 13, 2008 | $134,806,913 | $129,964,083 | $264,770,996 | 494 | 625 | $137.5–150 million | 302303 |
| Iron Man 2 | May 7, 2010 | $312,433,331 | $311,500,000 | $623,933,331 | 95 | 172 | $170–200 million | 304305 |
| Thor | May 6, 2011 | $181,030,624 | $268,295,994 | $449,326,618 | 280 | 290 | $150 million | 306 |
| Captain America: The First Avenger | July 22, 2011 | $176,654,505 | $193,915,269 | $370,569,774 | 298 | 394 | $140 million | 307 |
| Marvel's The Avengers | May 4, 2012 | $623,357,910 | $897,180,626 | $1,520,538,536 | 12 | 10 | $220 million | 308309 |
| Phase Two | ||||||||
| Iron Man 3 | May 3, 2013 | $409,013,994 | $806,563,211 | $1,215,577,205 | 39 | 25 | $200 million | 310311 |
| Thor: The Dark World | November 8, 2013 | $206,362,140 | $438,421,000 | $644,783,140 | 222 | 164 | $150–170 million | 312313314 |
| Captain America: The Winter Soldier | April 4, 2014 | $259,766,572 | $454,654,931 | $714,421,503 | 134 | 134 | $170–177 million | 315 |
| Guardians of the Galaxy | August 1, 2014 | $333,718,600 | $439,631,547 | $773,350,147 | 79 | 114 | $170 million | 316317 |
| Avengers: Age of Ultron | May 1, 2015 | $459,005,868 | $946,012,180 | $1,405,018,048 | 25 | 15 | $250–444 million | 318319 |
| Ant-Man | July 17, 2015 | $180,202,163 | $339,109,802 | $519,311,965 | 283 | 233 | $130 million | 320321 |
| Phase Three | ||||||||
| Captain America: Civil War | May 6, 2016 | $408,084,349 | $746,962,067 | $1,155,046,416 | 42 | 29 | $250 million | 322 |
| Doctor Strange | November 4, 2016 | $232,641,920 | $445,154,156 | $677,796,076 | 174 | 155 | $165 million | 323324 |
| Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2 | May 5, 2017 | $389,813,101 | $473,942,950 | $863,756,051 | 50 | 88 | $200 million | 325 |
| Spider-Man: Homecoming | July 7, 2017 | $334,201,140 | $545,965,784 | $880,166,924 | 80 | 78 | $175 million | 326 |
| Thor: Ragnarok | November 3, 2017 | $315,058,289 | $540,243,517 | $855,301,806 | 97 | 92 | $180 million | 327 |
| Black Panther | February 16, 2018 | $700,426,566 | $674,533,163 | $1,374,959,729 | 6 | 17 | $200 million | 328329 |
| Avengers: Infinity War | April 27, 2018 | $678,815,482 | $1,373,599,557 | $2,052,415,039 | 8 | 6 | $325–400 million | 330331332 |
| Ant-Man and the Wasp | July 6, 2018 | $216,648,740 | $406,025,399 | $622,674,139 | 204 | 179 | $162 million | 333334 |
| Captain Marvel | March 8, 2019 | $426,829,839 | $704,586,607 | $1,131,416,446 | 33 | 33 | $150–175 million | 335336 |
| Avengers: Endgame | April 26, 2019 | $858,373,000 | $1,941,066,100 | $2,799,439,100 | 2 | 2 | $356–400 million | 337338 |
| Spider-Man: Far From Home | July 2, 2019 | $391,283,774 | $746,838,016 | $1,138,121,790 | 49 | 32 | $160 million | 339 |
| Phase Four | ||||||||
| Black Widow | July 9, 2021 | $183,651,655 | $196,100,000 | $379,751,655340 | 280 | 387 | $200 million | 341342 |
| Shang-Chi and the Legend of the Ten Rings | September 3, 2021 | $224,543,292 | $207,700,000 | $432,243,292 | 185 | 315 | $150–200 million | 343344345 |
| Eternals | November 5, 2021 | $164,870,234 | $237,194,665 | $402,064,899 | 358 | 356 | $236.2 million | 346347 |
| Spider-Man: No Way Home | December 17, 2021 | $814,866,759 | $1,113,174,146 | $1,928,040,905 | 3 | 7 | $200 million | 348349 |
| Doctor Strange in the Multiverse of Madness | May 6, 2022 | $411,331,607 | $544,444,197 | $955,775,804 | 40 | 65 | $172–200 million | 350351352 |
| Thor: Love and Thunder | July 8, 2022 | $343,256,830 | $417,671,251 | $760,928,081 | 73 | 121 | $250 million | 353354 |
| Black Panther: Wakanda Forever | November 11, 2022 | $453,829,060 | $405,379,776 | $859,208,836 | 28 | 89 | $250 million | 355356 |
| Phase Five | ||||||||
| Ant-Man and the Wasp: Quantumania | February 17, 2023 | $214,504,909 | $261,566,271 | $476,071,180 | 210 | 267 | $388.4 million | 357358 |
| Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 3 | May 5, 2023 | $358,995,815 | $486,559,962 | $845,555,777 | 65 | 94 | $250 million | 359360 |
| The Marvels | November 10, 2023 | $84,500,223 | $121,636,602 | $206,136,825 | 1002 | 880 | $375 million | 361362 |
| Deadpool & Wolverine | July 26, 2024 | $636,745,858 | $701,327,787 | $1,338,073,645 | 12 | 20 | $200 million | 363364365 |
| Captain America: Brave New World | February 14, 2025 | $193,373,312 | $209,281,861 | $402,655,173 | 262 | 375 | $180 million | 366367 |
| Total | $12,631,528,268 | $18,936,960,598 | $31,568,489,093 | 1 | 1 | $6.859–7.344 billion | 368 | |
Critical and public response
Each film is linked to the "Critical response" section of its article.
Critical and public response of Marvel Cinematic Universe films| Film | Critical | Public | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rotten Tomatoes | Metacritic | CinemaScore | PostTrak | |
| Phase One | ||||
| Iron Man | 94% (282 reviews)369 | 79 (38 reviews)370 | A371 | — |
| The Incredible Hulk | 68% (237 reviews)372 | 61 (38 reviews)373 | A−374 | — |
| Iron Man 2 | 72% (305 reviews)375 | 57 (40 reviews)376 | A377 | — |
| Thor | 77% (296 reviews)378 | 57 (40 reviews)379 | B+380 | — |
| Captain America: The First Avenger | 80% (276 reviews)381 | 66 (43 reviews)382 | A−383 | — |
| Marvel's The Avengers | 91% (368 reviews)384 | 69 (43 reviews)385 | A+386 | — |
| Phase Two | ||||
| Iron Man 3 | 79% (331 reviews)387 | 62 (44 reviews)388 | A389 | — |
| Thor: The Dark World | 67% (290 reviews)390 | 54 (44 reviews)391 | A−392 | — |
| Captain America: The Winter Soldier | 90% (311 reviews)393 | 70 (48 reviews)394 | A395 | — |
| Guardians of the Galaxy | 92% (336 reviews)396 | 76 (53 reviews)397 | A398 | 90%399 |
| Avengers: Age of Ultron | 76% (376 reviews)400 | 66 (49 reviews)401 | A402 | 90%403 |
| Ant-Man | 83% (341 reviews)404 | 64 (44 reviews)405 | A406 | — |
| Phase Three | ||||
| Captain America: Civil War | 91% (430 reviews)407 | 75 (53 reviews)408 | A409 | 88%410 |
| Doctor Strange | 89% (389 reviews)411 | 72 (49 reviews)412 | A413 | 91%414 |
| Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2 | 85% (425 reviews)415 | 67 (48 reviews)416 | A417 | 93%418 |
| Spider-Man: Homecoming | 92% (400 reviews)419 | 73 (51 reviews)420 | A421 | 89%422 |
| Thor: Ragnarok | 93% (439 reviews)423 | 74 (51 reviews)424 | A425 | 90%426 |
| Black Panther | 96% (532 reviews)427 | 88 (55 reviews)428 | A+429 | 95%430 |
| Avengers: Infinity War | 85% (492 reviews)431 | 68 (54 reviews)432 | A433 | 87%434 |
| Ant-Man and the Wasp | 87% (446 reviews)435 | 70 (56 reviews)436 | A−437 | — |
| Captain Marvel | 79% (552 reviews)438 | 64 (56 reviews)439 | A440 | — |
| Avengers: Endgame | 94% (557 reviews)441 | 78 (57 reviews)442 | A+443 | — |
| Spider-Man: Far From Home | 90% (459 reviews)444 | 69 (55 reviews)445 | A446 | — |
| Phase Four | ||||
| Black Widow | 79% (462 reviews)447 | 68 (58 reviews)448 | A−449 | 88%450 |
| Shang-Chi and the Legend of the Ten Rings | 92% (343 reviews)451 | 71 (52 reviews)452 | A453 | 91%454 |
| Eternals | 47% (417 reviews)455 | 52 (62 reviews)456 | B457 | 78%458 |
| Spider-Man: No Way Home | 93% (432 reviews)459 | 71 (60 reviews)460 | A+461 | 96%462 |
| Doctor Strange in the Multiverse of Madness | 74% (465 reviews)463 | 60 (65 reviews)464 | B+465 | 82%466 |
| Thor: Love and Thunder | 63% (449 reviews)467 | 57 (64 reviews)468 | B+469 | 77%470 |
| Black Panther: Wakanda Forever | 84% (450 reviews)471 | 67 (62 reviews)472 | A473 | 93%474 |
| Phase Five | ||||
| Ant-Man and the Wasp: Quantumania | 46% (411 reviews)475 | 48 (61 reviews)476 | B477 | 75%478 |
| Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 3 | 82% (407 reviews)479 | 64 (63 reviews)480 | A481 | 91%482 |
| The Marvels | 62% (371 reviews)483 | 50 (57 reviews)484 | B485 | 73%486 |
| Deadpool & Wolverine | 78% (414 reviews)487 | 56 (58 reviews)488 | A489 | 96%490 |
| Captain America: Brave New World | 48% (320 reviews)491 | 42 (56 reviews)492 | B–493 | — |
Accolades
Main article: List of accolades received by Marvel Cinematic Universe films
The films of the Marvel Cinematic Universe have been nominated for numerous awards, including 27 Academy Awards (winning four).
Repurposed projects
See also: List of unproduced film projects based on Marvel Comics
These projects were in development as films from Marvel Studios before becoming television series under Marvel Television:
- Runaways: A film based on the Runaways went through a number of iterations. Brian K. Vaughan was originally hired to write a screenplay based on the property in May 2008.494 Feige and Marvel Studios producer Jodi Hildebrand envisioned the film as a coming-of-age story in the style of director John Hughes.495: 169 In April 2010, Marvel hired Peter Sollett to direct the film,496 and Drew Pearce was hired to write a script in May.497 The film was developed under the working title Small Faces, referencing the 1960s rock band Small Faces.498: 171 In October 2010, development on the film was put on hold,499 with Vaughan later noting Marvel Studios had decided to focus their efforts on a Guardians of the Galaxy film instead.500 Pearce revealed in September 2013 that the Runaways film had been shelved in favor of The Avengers, with the earliest it could release being Phase Three.501 Speaking in the book MCU: The Reign of Marvel Studios (2023), producer Craig Kyle noted that the film had been shelved because the New York-based Creative Committee did not believe the film's character make up fit their ideal demographic of what would help sell toys.502: 266 In October 2014, after announcing all of Marvel's Phase Three films without Runaways, Feige stated the project was "still an awesome script that exists in our script vault", adding, "We'd love to do something with Runaways some day. In our television and future film discussions, it's always one that we talk about, because we have a solid draft there. But again, we can't make them all."503 In August 2016, Marvel Television announced Marvel's Runaways from the streaming service Hulu,504 with the series receiving a full season order in May 2017.505 It premiered in November 2017.506 Hulu announced in November 2019 that the third season of Runaways would be its last.507
- Inhumans: In April 2013, Feige mentioned the Inhumans as a property out of which he was "confident" a film would be made.508 Inhumans as a concept would first be introduced to the MCU in 2014 through the second season of the television series Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.509 By August 2014, the studio was ready to move forward in development with the film, with a screenplay written by Joe Robert Cole.510 In October 2014, the film was announced for Phase Three511 and scheduled for release in July 2019.512 By October 2015, Cole was no longer involved with the film and any potential drafts that he may have written would not be used.513 In April 2016, Inhumans was removed from the release schedule,514 and would no longer be a part of Phase Three.515 In July 2016, Feige said Inhumans would "certainly" be a part of the discussion regarding the film ideas for 2020 and 2021,516 adding the following November that he was still optimistic the film could be released in Phase Four.517 In November 2016, Marvel Television announced the series Marvel's Inhumans, which premiered on ABC in September 2017, after the first two episodes were screened in IMAX.518 The series was not intended to be a reworking of the film.519 ABC canceled Inhumans after one season in May 2018.520
Connections with other Spider-Man franchises
Further information: Spider-Man in film and Sony's Spider-Man Universe § Marvel Cinematic Universe connections
Following Marvel Studios and Sony Pictures' September 2019 agreement, Feige noted that as Sony continued to separately build their own shared universe, Sony's Spider-Man Universe (SSU), it was possible the MCU version of Spider-Man could appear in that universe.521 This interaction was said to be "a 'call and answer' between the two franchises as they acknowledge details between the two in what ... would loosely be described as a shared detailed universe".522 In May 2021, Adam B. Vary of Variety called the connections between the two universes perplexing, specifically because if Holland were to appear in an SSU film it would retroactively make any previous SSU films part of the MCU, and because a teaser trailer for the SSU film Morbius (2022) had featured Michael Keaton, who previously played Adrian Toomes / Vulture in Spider-Man: Homecoming. Sony Pictures Group President Sanford Panitch acknowledged this confusion and said there was a plan to clarify the relationship between the two universes. He believed it was already "getting a little more clear for people [as to] where we're headed" at that time and added that the release of Spider-Man: No Way Home in December 2021 would reveal more of this plan. Vary commented that the apparent introduction of multiverse elements in No Way Home could be what would allow Holland to appear in both the MCU and the SSU.523 The following month, Feige said he would not "rule anything out completely" in terms of additional Sony-controlled characters appearing in Marvel Studios films.524
In No Way Home, Stephen Strange casts two spells: one that brings characters from other universes into the MCU and one that sends them back to their own universes.525 These characters, as depicted in the film, are Tobey Maguire and Andrew Garfield returning as their versions of Spider-Man from Sam Raimi's Spider-Man trilogy and Marc Webb's The Amazing Spider-Man films, respectively,526 alongside Willem Dafoe as Norman Osborn / Green Goblin, Alfred Molina as Otto Octavius / Doctor Octopus, and Thomas Haden Church as Flint Marko / Sandman from the Raimi films, as well as Rhys Ifans as Curt Connors / Lizard and Jamie Foxx as Max Dillon / Electro from the Webb films.527 The mid-credits scene of the SSU film Venom: Let There Be Carnage (2021) shows Eddie Brock and Venom (Tom Hardy) being transported into the MCU from their universe by the first spell and the mid-credits scene of No Way Home shows them being transported back to their own universe by the second spell. A small part of the Venom symbiote is left in the MCU.528 Feige said there was a lot of coordination between the Let There Be Carnage and No Way Home teams to create the two scenes,529 with No Way Home director Jon Watts directing both scenes during production of that film.530 The mid-credits scenes of Morbius revealed that Toomes was accidentally transported from the MCU to the SSU following Strange's second spell.531 The events of No Way Home are referenced in the animated film Spider-Man: Across the Spider-Verse (2023), while also referring to the MCU as "Earth-199999".532
See also
- List of Marvel Cinematic Universe television series
- List of films based on Marvel Comics publications
- List of highest-grossing media franchises
Notes
External links
References
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