Blue-sensitive opsin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the OPN1SW gene. The OPN1SW gene provides instructions for making a protein that is essential for normal color vision. This protein is found in the retina, which is the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye.
The OPN1SW gene provides instructions for making an opsin pigment that is more sensitive to light in the blue/violet part of the visible spectrum (short-wavelength light). Cones with this pigment are called short-wavelength-sensitive or S cones. In response to light, the photopigment triggers a series of chemical reactions within an S cone. These reactions ultimately alter the cell's electrical charge, generating a signal that is transmitted to the brain. The brain combines input from all three types of cones to produce normal color vision.
See also
Further reading
- Applebury ML, Hargrave PA (1987). "Molecular biology of the visual pigments". Vision Res. 26 (12): 1881–95. doi:10.1016/0042-6989(86)90115-X. PMID 3303660. S2CID 34038855.
- Swanson WH, Cohen JM (2003). "Color vision". Ophthalmology Clinics of North America. 16 (2): 179–203. doi:10.1016/S0896-1549(03)00004-X. PMID 12809157.
- Weitz CJ, Went LN, Nathans J (1992). "Human tritanopia associated with a third amino acid substitution in the blue-sensitive visual pigment". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 51 (2): 444–6. PMC 1682686. PMID 1386496.
- Weitz CJ, Miyake Y, Shinzato K, et al. (1992). "Human tritanopia associated with two amino acid substitutions in the blue-sensitive opsin". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 50 (3): 498–507. PMC 1684278. PMID 1531728.
- Oprian DD, Asenjo AB, Lee N, Pelletier SL (1992). "Design, chemical synthesis, and expression of genes for the three human color vision pigments". Biochemistry. 30 (48): 11367–72. doi:10.1021/bi00112a002. PMID 1742276.
- Sarkar G, Sommer SS (1989). "Access to a messenger RNA sequence or its protein product is not limited by tissue or species specificity". Science. 244 (4902): 331–4. Bibcode:1989Sci...244..331S. doi:10.1126/science.2565599. PMID 2565599.
- Nathans J, Piantanida TP, Eddy RL, et al. (1986). "Molecular genetics of inherited variation in human color vision". Science. 232 (4747): 203–10. Bibcode:1986Sci...232..203N. doi:10.1126/science.3485310. PMID 3485310.
- Shimmin LC, Mai P, Li WH (1997). "Sequences and evolution of human and squirrel monkey blue opsin genes". J. Mol. Evol. 44 (4): 378–82. Bibcode:1997JMolE..44..378S. doi:10.1007/PL00006157. PMID 9089077. S2CID 6425474.
- Scherer SW, Cheung J, MacDonald JR, et al. (2003). "Human Chromosome 7: DNA Sequence and Biology". Science. 300 (5620): 767–72. Bibcode:2003Sci...300..767S. doi:10.1126/science.1083423. PMC 2882961. PMID 12690205.
- Gunther KL, Neitz J, Neitz M (2006). "A novel mutation in the short-wavelength-sensitive cone pigment gene associated with a tritan color vision defect". Vis. Neurosci. 23 (3–4): 403–9. doi:10.1017/S0952523806233169. PMID 16961973. S2CID 3748083.
References
Nathans J, Thomas D, Hogness DS (Apr 1986). "Molecular genetics of human color vision: the genes encoding blue, green, and red pigments". Science. 232 (4747): 193–202. Bibcode:1986Sci...232..193N. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.461.5915. doi:10.1126/science.2937147. PMID 2937147. /wiki/Bibcode_(identifier) ↩
Fitzgibbon J, Appukuttan B, Gayther S, Wells D, Delhanty J, Hunt DM (Feb 1994). "Localisation of the human blue cone pigment gene to chromosome band 7q31.3-32". Hum Genet. 93 (1): 79–80. doi:10.1007/bf00218919. PMID 8270261. S2CID 43548690. /wiki/Doi_(identifier) ↩
"Entrez Gene: OPN1SW opsin 1 (cone pigments), short-wave-sensitive (color blindness, tritan)". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=611 ↩
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