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Overview

Lists of assigned partition types to be used in the partition table in the MBR were originally maintained by IBM and Microsoft internally. When the market of PC operating systems and disk tools grew and liberated, other vendors had a need to assign special partition types to their products as well. As Microsoft neither documented all partition types already assigned by them nor wanted to maintain foreign assignments, third parties started to simply assign partition types on their own behalf in a mostly uncoordinated trial-and-error manner. This led to various conflicting assignments sometimes causing severe compatibility problems between certain products.¹

Several industry experts including Hale Landis, Ralf D. Brown, Matthias R. Paul, and Andries E. Brouwer in the 1990s started to research partition types and published (and later synchronized) partition type lists in order to help document the industry de facto standard and thereby reduce the risk of further conflicts. Some of them also actively helped to maintain software dealing with partitions to work with the updated lists, indicated conflicts, devised additional detection methods and work-arounds for vendors, or engaged in coordinating new non-conflictive partition type assignments as well.

It is up to an operating system's boot loader or kernel how to interpret the value. So the table specifies which operating systems or disk-related products introduced an ID and what file system or special partition type they mapped it to. Partitions with partition types unknown to the software should be treated as reserved but occupied disk storage space which should not be dealt with by the software, save for partition managers.

Local or Experimental Use

While the list is not officially maintained,² new assignments should be coordinated.

In particular temporary partition type assignments for local or experimental projects can utilize type 7Fh in order to avoid conflicts with already assigned types. This type was specially reserved for individual use as part of the Alternative OS Development Partition Standard (AODPS) initiative since 2002.³

List of partition IDs

This is a list of known master boot record partition types on IBM PC compatible computers:

See also

• Disk partitioning § PC partition types
• Extended Boot Record (EBR)
• GUID Partition Table (GPT)
• List of file systems
• Rigid Disk Block (RDB)

Notes

Further reading

• "5.3.2.2. Partition-Tabelle". Anwenderdokumentation - Anleitung für den Systemprogrammierer - MOS DCP 1700 (PDF). 3.20 (in German). Dresden, East-Germany: VEB Robotron-Projekt Dresden. 1988-01-29. C3013-0000-0 M3030, Textdiskette DCP1700 T1/2 C3010-9991-2M3020, Disk-Nr.: 5962 /88 ROBOTRON PROJEKT DRESDEN KA2 DD-DS 80*16*256. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2021-08-29. Retrieved 2021-12-03. (NB. Has partition IDs for the East-German MS-DOS clone DCP 1700 (including R/W and R/O), the CP/M-86 clone SCP 1700, the VENIX clone MUTOS and the iRMX clone BOS1810.)

References

1. "Windows and GPT FAQ". Microsoft Developer Network. Microsoft. 2011-06-15. Retrieved 2011-07-24. http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/hardware/gg463525.aspx ↩

2. "Windows and GPT FAQ". Microsoft Developer Network. Microsoft. 2011-06-15. Retrieved 2011-07-24. http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/hardware/gg463525.aspx ↩

3. Martineau, Stéphane (2002-08-11). "Partition Type ID (The RESULTs)". alt.os.development. Retrieved 2017-08-20. https://groups.google.com/d/msg/alt.os.development/koTbjqUYCjQ/U-ZJpOAgruAJ ↩

4. Chappell, Geoff (January 1994). Schulman, Andrew; Pedersen, Amorette (eds.). DOS Internals. The Andrew Schulman Programming Series (1st printing, 1st ed.). Addison Wesley Publishing Company. ISBN 978-0-201-60835-9. (xxvi+738+iv pages, 3.5"-floppy [1][2]) Errata: [3][4][5] 978-0-201-60835-9 ↩

5. "Disk Concepts and Troubleshooting". Windows 2000 Server. Microsoft TechNet. 2008-09-11. Retrieved 2014-06-15. https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc977219.aspx ↩

6. "Troubleshooting Disks and File Systems". Microsoft TechNet. 2005-11-05. Retrieved 2014-06-15. https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb457122.aspx ↩

7. Chappell, Geoff (January 1994). Schulman, Andrew; Pedersen, Amorette (eds.). DOS Internals. The Andrew Schulman Programming Series (1st printing, 1st ed.). Addison Wesley Publishing Company. ISBN 978-0-201-60835-9. (xxvi+738+iv pages, 3.5"-floppy [1][2]) Errata: [3][4][5] 978-0-201-60835-9 ↩

8. Chappell, Geoff (January 1994). Schulman, Andrew; Pedersen, Amorette (eds.). DOS Internals. The Andrew Schulman Programming Series (1st printing, 1st ed.). Addison Wesley Publishing Company. ISBN 978-0-201-60835-9. (xxvi+738+iv pages, 3.5"-floppy [1][2]) Errata: [3][4][5] 978-0-201-60835-9 ↩

9. Chappell, Geoff (January 1994). Schulman, Andrew; Pedersen, Amorette (eds.). DOS Internals. The Andrew Schulman Programming Series (1st printing, 1st ed.). Addison Wesley Publishing Company. ISBN 978-0-201-60835-9. (xxvi+738+iv pages, 3.5"-floppy [1][2]) Errata: [3][4][5] 978-0-201-60835-9 ↩

10. "Disk Concepts and Troubleshooting". Windows 2000 Server. Microsoft TechNet. 2008-09-11. Retrieved 2014-06-15. https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc977219.aspx ↩

11. "Troubleshooting Disks and File Systems". Microsoft TechNet. 2005-11-05. Retrieved 2014-06-15. https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb457122.aspx ↩

12. Chappell, Geoff (January 1994). Schulman, Andrew; Pedersen, Amorette (eds.). DOS Internals. The Andrew Schulman Programming Series (1st printing, 1st ed.). Addison Wesley Publishing Company. ISBN 978-0-201-60835-9. (xxvi+738+iv pages, 3.5"-floppy [1][2]) Errata: [3][4][5] 978-0-201-60835-9 ↩

13. "Disk Concepts and Troubleshooting". Windows 2000 Server. Microsoft TechNet. 2008-09-11. Retrieved 2014-06-15. https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc977219.aspx ↩

14. "Troubleshooting Disks and File Systems". Microsoft TechNet. 2005-11-05. Retrieved 2014-06-15. https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb457122.aspx ↩

15. MS-DOS/PC DOS 2.0-3.1 cannot cope with hard disk partitions outside the first 32 MB of the disk. Therefore, FAT12 and FAT16 volumes in primary partitions physically residing outside this area must not use partition IDs 01h and 04h, even if they were otherwise small enough to be recognized by these DOS versions. In order to hide these volumes from these DOS issues 06h can be used instead. DOS distinguishes FAT types by their number of clusters, not by their partition ID, therefore, this does not cause any problems for DOS 3.31 and higher except for a possibly wrong file system type display in FDISK. /wiki/MS-DOS ↩

16. Chappell, Geoff (January 1994). Schulman, Andrew; Pedersen, Amorette (eds.). DOS Internals. The Andrew Schulman Programming Series (1st printing, 1st ed.). Addison Wesley Publishing Company. ISBN 978-0-201-60835-9. (xxvi+738+iv pages, 3.5"-floppy [1][2]) Errata: [3][4][5] 978-0-201-60835-9 ↩

17. "Disk Concepts and Troubleshooting". Windows 2000 Server. Microsoft TechNet. 2008-09-11. Retrieved 2014-06-15. https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc977219.aspx ↩

18. "Troubleshooting Disks and File Systems". Microsoft TechNet. 2005-11-05. Retrieved 2014-06-15. https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb457122.aspx ↩

19. Chappell, Geoff (January 1994). Schulman, Andrew; Pedersen, Amorette (eds.). DOS Internals. The Andrew Schulman Programming Series (1st printing, 1st ed.). Addison Wesley Publishing Company. ISBN 978-0-201-60835-9. (xxvi+738+iv pages, 3.5"-floppy [1][2]) Errata: [3][4][5] 978-0-201-60835-9 ↩

20. "Disk Concepts and Troubleshooting". Windows 2000 Server. Microsoft TechNet. 2008-09-11. Retrieved 2014-06-15. https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc977219.aspx ↩

21. "Troubleshooting Disks and File Systems". Microsoft TechNet. 2005-11-05. Retrieved 2014-06-15. https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb457122.aspx ↩

22. QNX partition types http://www.qnx.com/developers/docs/qnx_4.25_docs/qnx4/sysarch/fsys.html#RAWVOLUMES ↩

23. QNX partition IDs 07h, 08h, 09h, 4Dh (77), 4Eh (78), 4Fh (79), as well as B1h (177), B2h (178) and B3h (179). /wiki/QNX ↩

24. Known partition IDs for logical sectored FATs include: 08h (Commodore MS-DOS 3.x), 11h (Leading Edge MS-DOS 3.x), 14h (AST MS-DOS 3.x), 24h (NEC MS-DOS 3.30), 56h (AT&T MS-DOS 3.x), E5h (Tandy MS-DOS), F2h (Sperry IT MS-DOS 3.x, Unisys MS-DOS 3.3 — also used by Digital Research DOS Plus 2.1). While non-standard and sub-optimal these FAT variants are perfectly valid according to the specifications of the file system itself, although default issues of MS-DOS / PC DOS 3.x were not able to cope with them. Most of these vendor specific FAT12 and FAT16 variants can be mounted by more flexible file system implementations in operating systems such as DR-DOS simply by changing the partition ID to one of the recognized types. Also, if they no longer need to be recognized by their original operating systems, existing partitions can be "converted" into FAT12 and FAT16 volumes compliant with versions of MS-DOS/PC DOS like 5.0-6.3, which do not support logical sector sizes different from 512 bytes, by switching to a BPB with 32-bit entry for the number of sectors, as introduced since DOS 3.31, keeping the cluster size and reducing the logical sector size in the BPB down to 512 bytes, while at the same time increasing the counts of logical sectors per cluster, reserved logical sectors, total logical sectors, and logical sectors per FAT by the same factor. /wiki/Logical_sectored_FAT ↩

25. QNX partition types http://www.qnx.com/developers/docs/qnx_4.25_docs/qnx4/sysarch/fsys.html#RAWVOLUMES ↩

26. QNX partition IDs 07h, 08h, 09h, 4Dh (77), 4Eh (78), 4Fh (79), as well as B1h (177), B2h (178) and B3h (179). /wiki/QNX ↩

27. QNX partition types http://www.qnx.com/developers/docs/qnx_4.25_docs/qnx4/sysarch/fsys.html#RAWVOLUMES ↩

28. QNX partition IDs 07h, 08h, 09h, 4Dh (77), 4Eh (78), 4Fh (79), as well as B1h (177), B2h (178) and B3h (179). /wiki/QNX ↩

29. Used by OS/2 Boot Manager: 0Ah, 11h, 14h, 15h, 16h, 17h, 1Bh, 1Ch, 1Eh, 1Fh. /wiki/OS/2 ↩

30. "Disk Concepts and Troubleshooting". Windows 2000 Server. Microsoft TechNet. 2008-09-11. Retrieved 2014-06-15. https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc977219.aspx ↩

31. "Troubleshooting Disks and File Systems". Microsoft TechNet. 2005-11-05. Retrieved 2014-06-15. https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb457122.aspx ↩

32. "Disk Concepts and Troubleshooting". Windows 2000 Server. Microsoft TechNet. 2008-09-11. Retrieved 2014-06-15. https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc977219.aspx ↩

33. "Troubleshooting Disks and File Systems". Microsoft TechNet. 2005-11-05. Retrieved 2014-06-15. https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb457122.aspx ↩

34. "Disk Concepts and Troubleshooting". Windows 2000 Server. Microsoft TechNet. 2008-09-11. Retrieved 2014-06-15. https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc977219.aspx ↩

35. "Troubleshooting Disks and File Systems". Microsoft TechNet. 2005-11-05. Retrieved 2014-06-15. https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb457122.aspx ↩

36. "Disk Concepts and Troubleshooting". Windows 2000 Server. Microsoft TechNet. 2008-09-11. Retrieved 2014-06-15. https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc977219.aspx ↩

37. "Troubleshooting Disks and File Systems". Microsoft TechNet. 2005-11-05. Retrieved 2014-06-15. https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb457122.aspx ↩

38. Known partition IDs for logical sectored FATs include: 08h (Commodore MS-DOS 3.x), 11h (Leading Edge MS-DOS 3.x), 14h (AST MS-DOS 3.x), 24h (NEC MS-DOS 3.30), 56h (AT&T MS-DOS 3.x), E5h (Tandy MS-DOS), F2h (Sperry IT MS-DOS 3.x, Unisys MS-DOS 3.3 — also used by Digital Research DOS Plus 2.1). While non-standard and sub-optimal these FAT variants are perfectly valid according to the specifications of the file system itself, although default issues of MS-DOS / PC DOS 3.x were not able to cope with them. Most of these vendor specific FAT12 and FAT16 variants can be mounted by more flexible file system implementations in operating systems such as DR-DOS simply by changing the partition ID to one of the recognized types. Also, if they no longer need to be recognized by their original operating systems, existing partitions can be "converted" into FAT12 and FAT16 volumes compliant with versions of MS-DOS/PC DOS like 5.0-6.3, which do not support logical sector sizes different from 512 bytes, by switching to a BPB with 32-bit entry for the number of sectors, as introduced since DOS 3.31, keeping the cluster size and reducing the logical sector size in the BPB down to 512 bytes, while at the same time increasing the counts of logical sectors per cluster, reserved logical sectors, total logical sectors, and logical sectors per FAT by the same factor. /wiki/Logical_sectored_FAT ↩

39. Used by OS/2 Boot Manager: 0Ah, 11h, 14h, 15h, 16h, 17h, 1Bh, 1Ch, 1Eh, 1Fh. /wiki/OS/2 ↩

40. "Disk Concepts and Troubleshooting". Windows 2000 Server. Microsoft TechNet. 2008-09-11. Retrieved 2014-06-15. https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc977219.aspx ↩

41. "Troubleshooting Disks and File Systems". Microsoft TechNet. 2005-11-05. Retrieved 2014-06-15. https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb457122.aspx ↩

42. "Virtual Disk Service (VDS advanced clean method)". Microsoft Developer Network. Microsoft. 2011-09-07. Retrieved 2011-09-14. http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa381675(v=vs.85).aspx ↩

43. "Compaq Setup partition". NotebookReview. Retrieved 2018-02-14. http://forum.notebookreview.com/threads/compaq-setup-partition.318354/ ↩

44. "Disk Concepts and Troubleshooting". Windows 2000 Server. Microsoft TechNet. 2008-09-11. Retrieved 2014-06-15. https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc977219.aspx ↩

45. "Troubleshooting Disks and File Systems". Microsoft TechNet. 2005-11-05. Retrieved 2014-06-15. https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb457122.aspx ↩

46. "Virtual Disk Service (VDS advanced clean method)". Microsoft Developer Network. Microsoft. 2011-09-07. Retrieved 2011-09-14. http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa381675(v=vs.85).aspx ↩

47. "Virtual Disk Service (VDS advanced clean method)". Microsoft Developer Network. Microsoft. 2011-09-07. Retrieved 2011-09-14. http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa381675(v=vs.85).aspx ↩

48. "Virtual Disk Service (VDS advanced clean method)". Microsoft Developer Network. Microsoft. 2011-09-07. Retrieved 2011-09-14. http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa381675(v=vs.85).aspx ↩

49. "Virtual Disk Service (VDS advanced clean method)". Microsoft Developer Network. Microsoft. 2011-09-07. Retrieved 2011-09-14. http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa381675(v=vs.85).aspx ↩

50. Known partition IDs for logical sectored FATs include: 08h (Commodore MS-DOS 3.x), 11h (Leading Edge MS-DOS 3.x), 14h (AST MS-DOS 3.x), 24h (NEC MS-DOS 3.30), 56h (AT&T MS-DOS 3.x), E5h (Tandy MS-DOS), F2h (Sperry IT MS-DOS 3.x, Unisys MS-DOS 3.3 — also used by Digital Research DOS Plus 2.1). While non-standard and sub-optimal these FAT variants are perfectly valid according to the specifications of the file system itself, although default issues of MS-DOS / PC DOS 3.x were not able to cope with them. Most of these vendor specific FAT12 and FAT16 variants can be mounted by more flexible file system implementations in operating systems such as DR-DOS simply by changing the partition ID to one of the recognized types. Also, if they no longer need to be recognized by their original operating systems, existing partitions can be "converted" into FAT12 and FAT16 volumes compliant with versions of MS-DOS/PC DOS like 5.0-6.3, which do not support logical sector sizes different from 512 bytes, by switching to a BPB with 32-bit entry for the number of sectors, as introduced since DOS 3.31, keeping the cluster size and reducing the logical sector size in the BPB down to 512 bytes, while at the same time increasing the counts of logical sectors per cluster, reserved logical sectors, total logical sectors, and logical sectors per FAT by the same factor. /wiki/Logical_sectored_FAT ↩

51. Used by OS/2 Boot Manager: 0Ah, 11h, 14h, 15h, 16h, 17h, 1Bh, 1Ch, 1Eh, 1Fh. /wiki/OS/2 ↩

52. Thygesen, Lasse Krogh. "Maverick - The Operating System - File System Identifiers". www.maverick-os.dk. Retrieved 2017-08-19. http://www.maverick-os.dk/FileSystemFormats/FileSystemIdentifiers.html ↩

53. Used by OS/2 Boot Manager: 0Ah, 11h, 14h, 15h, 16h, 17h, 1Bh, 1Ch, 1Eh, 1Fh. /wiki/OS/2 ↩

54. Thygesen, Lasse Krogh. "Maverick - The Operating System - File System Identifiers". www.maverick-os.dk. Retrieved 2017-08-19. http://www.maverick-os.dk/FileSystemFormats/FileSystemIdentifiers.html ↩

55. Used by OS/2 Boot Manager: 0Ah, 11h, 14h, 15h, 16h, 17h, 1Bh, 1Ch, 1Eh, 1Fh. /wiki/OS/2 ↩

56. Used by OS/2 Boot Manager: 0Ah, 11h, 14h, 15h, 16h, 17h, 1Bh, 1Ch, 1Eh, 1Fh. /wiki/OS/2 ↩

57. Used by OS/2 Boot Manager: 0Ah, 11h, 14h, 15h, 16h, 17h, 1Bh, 1Ch, 1Eh, 1Fh. /wiki/OS/2 ↩

58. Used by OS/2 Boot Manager: 0Ah, 11h, 14h, 15h, 16h, 17h, 1Bh, 1Ch, 1Eh, 1Fh. /wiki/OS/2 ↩

59. Used by OS/2 Boot Manager: 0Ah, 11h, 14h, 15h, 16h, 17h, 1Bh, 1Ch, 1Eh, 1Fh. /wiki/OS/2 ↩

60. Used by OS/2 Boot Manager: 0Ah, 11h, 14h, 15h, 16h, 17h, 1Bh, 1Ch, 1Eh, 1Fh. /wiki/OS/2 ↩

61. Used by OS/2 Boot Manager: 0Ah, 11h, 14h, 15h, 16h, 17h, 1Bh, 1Ch, 1Eh, 1Fh. /wiki/OS/2 ↩

62. "RE Creating Recovery Partition". ASUS Republic of Gamers. 2011-07-03. https://rog.asus.com/forum/showthread.php?1822-Re-Creating-Recovery-Partition ↩

63. Used by OS/2 Boot Manager: 0Ah, 11h, 14h, 15h, 16h, 17h, 1Bh, 1Ch, 1Eh, 1Fh. /wiki/OS/2 ↩

64. Used by OS/2 Boot Manager: 0Ah, 11h, 14h, 15h, 16h, 17h, 1Bh, 1Ch, 1Eh, 1Fh. /wiki/OS/2 ↩

65. HP Volume Expansion is a variant of SpeedStor and uses partition IDs 21h, A1h, A3h, A4h, A6h, B1h, B3h, B4h, and B6h. /wiki/Hewlett-Packard ↩

66. FYI - Installing DR DOS on NEC DOS 3.3 Partitions, Novell, 1993-01-05, FYI.M.1101, retrieved 2014-08-12 http://cd.textfiles.com/netwaresl/NOV_INFO/RNW93/10JAN93.MON ↩

67. Known partition IDs for logical sectored FATs include: 08h (Commodore MS-DOS 3.x), 11h (Leading Edge MS-DOS 3.x), 14h (AST MS-DOS 3.x), 24h (NEC MS-DOS 3.30), 56h (AT&T MS-DOS 3.x), E5h (Tandy MS-DOS), F2h (Sperry IT MS-DOS 3.x, Unisys MS-DOS 3.3 — also used by Digital Research DOS Plus 2.1). While non-standard and sub-optimal these FAT variants are perfectly valid according to the specifications of the file system itself, although default issues of MS-DOS / PC DOS 3.x were not able to cope with them. Most of these vendor specific FAT12 and FAT16 variants can be mounted by more flexible file system implementations in operating systems such as DR-DOS simply by changing the partition ID to one of the recognized types. Also, if they no longer need to be recognized by their original operating systems, existing partitions can be "converted" into FAT12 and FAT16 volumes compliant with versions of MS-DOS/PC DOS like 5.0-6.3, which do not support logical sector sizes different from 512 bytes, by switching to a BPB with 32-bit entry for the number of sectors, as introduced since DOS 3.31, keeping the cluster size and reducing the logical sector size in the BPB down to 512 bytes, while at the same time increasing the counts of logical sectors per cluster, reserved logical sectors, total logical sectors, and logical sectors per FAT by the same factor. /wiki/Logical_sectored_FAT ↩

68. "BIOS-Based Disk-Partition Configurations". Microsoft Developer Network. Microsoft. 2009-10-22. Retrieved 2011-07-24. http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd744364.aspx ↩

69. Elliott, John C. (1998). "CP/M-86 disc formats". Seasip.info. http://www.seasip.info/Cpm/cpm86form.html ↩

70. Andries Brouwer's partition type list: [6](https://aeb.win.tue.nl/partitions/partition_types-1.html) https://aeb.win.tue.nl/partitions/partition_types-1.html ↩

71. NetBSD source code: [7](https://github.com/NetBSD/src/blob/master/sys/sys/bootblock.h) https://github.com/NetBSD/src/blob/master/sys/sys/bootblock.h ↩

72. File command magic file: [8](https://github.com/file/file/blob/master/magic/Magdir/filesystems) https://github.com/file/file/blob/master/magic/Magdir/filesystems ↩

73. "About PqRP". HowToFixComputers. 2003-07-26. Archived from the original on 2013-01-25. Retrieved 2011-10-14. https://archive.today/20130125233947/http://www.howtofixcomputers.com/bb/ftopic4438.html ↩

74. "Disk Concepts and Troubleshooting". Windows 2000 Server. Microsoft TechNet. 2008-09-11. Retrieved 2014-06-15. https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc977219.aspx ↩

75. "Troubleshooting Disks and File Systems". Microsoft TechNet. 2005-11-05. Retrieved 2014-06-15. https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb457122.aspx ↩

76. QNX partition types http://www.qnx.com/developers/docs/qnx_4.25_docs/qnx4/sysarch/fsys.html#RAWVOLUMES ↩

77. QNX partition IDs 07h, 08h, 09h, 4Dh (77), 4Eh (78), 4Fh (79), as well as B1h (177), B2h (178) and B3h (179). /wiki/QNX ↩

78. QNX partition types http://www.qnx.com/developers/docs/qnx_4.25_docs/qnx4/sysarch/fsys.html#RAWVOLUMES ↩

79. QNX partition IDs 07h, 08h, 09h, 4Dh (77), 4Eh (78), 4Fh (79), as well as B1h (177), B2h (178) and B3h (179). /wiki/QNX ↩

80. QNX partition types http://www.qnx.com/developers/docs/qnx_4.25_docs/qnx4/sysarch/fsys.html#RAWVOLUMES ↩

81. QNX partition IDs 07h, 08h, 09h, 4Dh (77), 4Eh (78), 4Fh (79), as well as B1h (177), B2h (178) and B3h (179). /wiki/QNX ↩

82. Known partition IDs for logical sectored FATs include: 08h (Commodore MS-DOS 3.x), 11h (Leading Edge MS-DOS 3.x), 14h (AST MS-DOS 3.x), 24h (NEC MS-DOS 3.30), 56h (AT&T MS-DOS 3.x), E5h (Tandy MS-DOS), F2h (Sperry IT MS-DOS 3.x, Unisys MS-DOS 3.3 — also used by Digital Research DOS Plus 2.1). While non-standard and sub-optimal these FAT variants are perfectly valid according to the specifications of the file system itself, although default issues of MS-DOS / PC DOS 3.x were not able to cope with them. Most of these vendor specific FAT12 and FAT16 variants can be mounted by more flexible file system implementations in operating systems such as DR-DOS simply by changing the partition ID to one of the recognized types. Also, if they no longer need to be recognized by their original operating systems, existing partitions can be "converted" into FAT12 and FAT16 volumes compliant with versions of MS-DOS/PC DOS like 5.0-6.3, which do not support logical sector sizes different from 512 bytes, by switching to a BPB with 32-bit entry for the number of sectors, as introduced since DOS 3.31, keeping the cluster size and reducing the logical sector size in the BPB down to 512 bytes, while at the same time increasing the counts of logical sectors per cluster, reserved logical sectors, total logical sectors, and logical sectors per FAT by the same factor. /wiki/Logical_sectored_FAT ↩

83. SpeedStor is an extended storage support driver for DOS for IBM PC/XT (v. 6.03) and IBM PC/AT (v. 6.5). Its custom partition types are E1h, E4h and F4h which can be marked read-only (becoming E3h, E6h, F6h), hidden (61h, 64h, 74h) or hidden read-only (63h, 66h, 76h). http://minuszerodegrees.net/software/speedstor.htm ↩

84. "GNU Hurd: Remove UFS support". https://git.savannah.gnu.org/cgit/hurd/hurd.git/commit/?id=84cf9c0f312637b670cc87224ff7e7c4da659e36 ↩

85. "GNU Hurd: NEWS 1995". https://git.savannah.gnu.org/cgit/hurd/hurd.git/tree/NEWS?id=94cef36797600d11a50d09828fa80df8a73dfd1c ↩

86. "GNU Hurd: Remove UFS support". https://git.savannah.gnu.org/cgit/hurd/hurd.git/commit/?id=84cf9c0f312637b670cc87224ff7e7c4da659e36 ↩

87. SpeedStor is an extended storage support driver for DOS for IBM PC/XT (v. 6.03) and IBM PC/AT (v. 6.5). Its custom partition types are E1h, E4h and F4h which can be marked read-only (becoming E3h, E6h, F6h), hidden (61h, 64h, 74h) or hidden read-only (63h, 66h, 76h). http://minuszerodegrees.net/software/speedstor.htm ↩

88. SpeedStor is an extended storage support driver for DOS for IBM PC/XT (v. 6.03) and IBM PC/AT (v. 6.5). Its custom partition types are E1h, E4h and F4h which can be marked read-only (becoming E3h, E6h, F6h), hidden (61h, 64h, 74h) or hidden read-only (63h, 66h, 76h). http://minuszerodegrees.net/software/speedstor.htm ↩

89. Chappell, Geoff (January 1994). Schulman, Andrew; Pedersen, Amorette (eds.). DOS Internals. The Andrew Schulman Programming Series (1st printing, 1st ed.). Addison Wesley Publishing Company. ISBN 978-0-201-60835-9. (xxvi+738+iv pages, 3.5"-floppy [1][2]) Errata: [3][4][5] 978-0-201-60835-9 ↩

90. SpeedStor is an extended storage support driver for DOS for IBM PC/XT (v. 6.03) and IBM PC/AT (v. 6.5). Its custom partition types are E1h, E4h and F4h which can be marked read-only (becoming E3h, E6h, F6h), hidden (61h, 64h, 74h) or hidden read-only (63h, 66h, 76h). http://minuszerodegrees.net/software/speedstor.htm ↩

91. DragonFly BSD commit 794d80a: Change legacy MBR partition type from 0xA5 to 0x6C https://github.com/DragonFlyBSD/DragonFlyBSD/commit/794d80aa519b394b3174f20776a6a667452422db ↩

92. SpeedStor is an extended storage support driver for DOS for IBM PC/XT (v. 6.03) and IBM PC/AT (v. 6.5). Its custom partition types are E1h, E4h and F4h which can be marked read-only (becoming E3h, E6h, F6h), hidden (61h, 64h, 74h) or hidden read-only (63h, 66h, 76h). http://minuszerodegrees.net/software/speedstor.htm ↩

93. Chappell, Geoff (January 1994). Schulman, Andrew; Pedersen, Amorette (eds.). DOS Internals. The Andrew Schulman Programming Series (1st printing, 1st ed.). Addison Wesley Publishing Company. ISBN 978-0-201-60835-9. (xxvi+738+iv pages, 3.5"-floppy [1][2]) Errata: [3][4][5] 978-0-201-60835-9 ↩

94. SpeedStor is an extended storage support driver for DOS for IBM PC/XT (v. 6.03) and IBM PC/AT (v. 6.5). Its custom partition types are E1h, E4h and F4h which can be marked read-only (becoming E3h, E6h, F6h), hidden (61h, 64h, 74h) or hidden read-only (63h, 66h, 76h). http://minuszerodegrees.net/software/speedstor.htm ↩

95. Martineau, Stéphane (2002-08-11). "Partition Type ID (The RESULTs)". alt.os.development. Retrieved 2017-08-20. https://groups.google.com/d/msg/alt.os.development/koTbjqUYCjQ/U-ZJpOAgruAJ ↩

96. "GNU Hurd: Remove UFS support". https://git.savannah.gnu.org/cgit/hurd/hurd.git/commit/?id=84cf9c0f312637b670cc87224ff7e7c4da659e36 ↩

97. "Troubleshooting Disks and File Systems". Microsoft TechNet. 2005-11-05. Retrieved 2014-06-15. https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb457122.aspx ↩

98. "Virtual Disk Service (VDS advanced clean method)". Microsoft Developer Network. Microsoft. 2011-09-07. Retrieved 2011-09-14. http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa381675(v=vs.85).aspx ↩

99. "Drive Letters Assigned to Unsupported Partition Types". Microsoft Knowledge Base. Microsoft. 2007-02-27. http://support.microsoft.com/kb/221799 ↩

100. Intel Rapid Start technology http://www.intel.com/support/motherboards/desktop/sb/CS-033637.htm ↩

101. Andries Brouwer (2004). "Extended and logical partitions". Large Disk HOWTO. Retrieved 2011-07-19. /wiki/Andries_Brouwer ↩

102. "Disk Concepts and Troubleshooting". Windows 2000 Server. Microsoft TechNet. 2008-09-11. Retrieved 2014-06-15. https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc977219.aspx ↩

103. "Troubleshooting Disks and File Systems". Microsoft TechNet. 2005-11-05. Retrieved 2014-06-15. https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb457122.aspx ↩

104. "Disk Concepts and Troubleshooting". Windows 2000 Server. Microsoft TechNet. 2008-09-11. Retrieved 2014-06-15. https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc977219.aspx ↩

105. "Troubleshooting Disks and File Systems". Microsoft TechNet. 2005-11-05. Retrieved 2014-06-15. https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb457122.aspx ↩

106. AirBoot: Martin Kiewitz Boot Manager with on-the-fly partition detection http://rousseaux.github.io/netlabs.air-boot ↩

107. "Disk Concepts and Troubleshooting". Windows 2000 Server. Microsoft TechNet. 2008-09-11. Retrieved 2014-06-15. https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc977219.aspx ↩

108. "Disk Concepts and Troubleshooting". Windows 2000 Server. Microsoft TechNet. 2008-09-11. Retrieved 2014-06-15. https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc977219.aspx ↩

109. Used by Free FDISK of FreeDOS: 8Dh, 90h, 91h, 92h, 97h, 98h, 9Ah, 9Bh. /wiki/FDISK ↩

110. Used by Free FDISK of FreeDOS: 8Dh, 90h, 91h, 92h, 97h, 98h, 9Ah, 9Bh. /wiki/FDISK ↩

111. Used by Free FDISK of FreeDOS: 8Dh, 90h, 91h, 92h, 97h, 98h, 9Ah, 9Bh. /wiki/FDISK ↩

112. Used by Free FDISK of FreeDOS: 8Dh, 90h, 91h, 92h, 97h, 98h, 9Ah, 9Bh. /wiki/FDISK ↩

113. "PowerPC Microprocessor Common Hardware Reference Platform (CHRP)" (PDF). 1996-09-23. Retrieved 2023-10-28. http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/apple/powerpc/CHRP/chrp1_7a.pdf ↩

114. Used by Free FDISK of FreeDOS: 8Dh, 90h, 91h, 92h, 97h, 98h, 9Ah, 9Bh. /wiki/FDISK ↩

115. Used by Free FDISK of FreeDOS: 8Dh, 90h, 91h, 92h, 97h, 98h, 9Ah, 9Bh. /wiki/FDISK ↩

116. "Virtual Disk Service (VDS advanced clean method)". Microsoft Developer Network. Microsoft. 2011-09-07. Retrieved 2011-09-14. http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa381675(v=vs.85).aspx ↩

117. Used by Free FDISK of FreeDOS: 8Dh, 90h, 91h, 92h, 97h, 98h, 9Ah, 9Bh. /wiki/FDISK ↩

118. Used by Free FDISK of FreeDOS: 8Dh, 90h, 91h, 92h, 97h, 98h, 9Ah, 9Bh. /wiki/FDISK ↩

119. "ForthOS setup instructions". Archived from the original on 2017-07-19. Retrieved 2017-12-31. https://web.archive.org/web/20170719021419/http://www.forthos.org/setup.html ↩

120. "Virtual Disk Service (VDS advanced clean method)". Microsoft Developer Network. Microsoft. 2011-09-07. Retrieved 2011-09-14. http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa381675(v=vs.85).aspx ↩

121. "Troubleshooting Disks and File Systems". Microsoft TechNet. 2005-11-05. Retrieved 2014-06-15. https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb457122.aspx ↩

122. HP Volume Expansion is a variant of SpeedStor and uses partition IDs 21h, A1h, A3h, A4h, A6h, B1h, B3h, B4h, and B6h. /wiki/Hewlett-Packard ↩

123. "Altera Cyclone V Device Handbook - Hard Processor System Technical Reference Manual" (PDF) (cv_5v4 ed.). Altera Corporation. 2014-06-30. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-09-07. Retrieved 2014-09-07. https://web.archive.org/web/20140907213856/http://www.altera.com/literature/hb/cyclone-v/cyclone5_handbook.pdf ↩

124. HP Volume Expansion is a variant of SpeedStor and uses partition IDs 21h, A1h, A3h, A4h, A6h, B1h, B3h, B4h, and B6h. /wiki/Hewlett-Packard ↩

125. HP Volume Expansion is a variant of SpeedStor and uses partition IDs 21h, A1h, A3h, A4h, A6h, B1h, B3h, B4h, and B6h. /wiki/Hewlett-Packard ↩

126. "Disk Organization". FreeBSD Handbook. FreeBSD. 2011. Retrieved 2011-07-30. http://www.freebsd.org/doc/handbook/disk-organization.html#BASICS-CONCEPT-DISK-MODEL ↩

127. HP Volume Expansion is a variant of SpeedStor and uses partition IDs 21h, A1h, A3h, A4h, A6h, B1h, B3h, B4h, and B6h. /wiki/Hewlett-Packard ↩

128. Apple Mac OS X uses partition IDs A8h, ABh, ACh, and AFh. /wiki/Apple_Inc. ↩

129. "Partitions". The NetBSD Guide. NetBSD. 2011. Retrieved 2011-12-30. http://www.netbsd.org/docs/guide/en/chap-inst.html#chap-inst-install-partition ↩

130. Apple Mac OS X uses partition IDs A8h, ABh, ACh, and AFh. /wiki/Apple_Inc. ↩

131. Apple Mac OS X uses partition IDs A8h, ABh, ACh, and AFh. /wiki/Apple_Inc. ↩

132. Apple Mac OS X uses partition IDs A8h, ABh, ACh, and AFh. /wiki/Apple_Inc. ↩

133. HP Volume Expansion is a variant of SpeedStor and uses partition IDs 21h, A1h, A3h, A4h, A6h, B1h, B3h, B4h, and B6h. /wiki/Hewlett-Packard ↩

134. QNX partition IDs 07h, 08h, 09h, 4Dh (77), 4Eh (78), 4Fh (79), as well as B1h (177), B2h (178) and B3h (179). /wiki/QNX ↩

135. QNX partition IDs 07h, 08h, 09h, 4Dh (77), 4Eh (78), 4Fh (79), as well as B1h (177), B2h (178) and B3h (179). /wiki/QNX ↩

136. HP Volume Expansion is a variant of SpeedStor and uses partition IDs 21h, A1h, A3h, A4h, A6h, B1h, B3h, B4h, and B6h. /wiki/Hewlett-Packard ↩

137. QNX partition IDs 07h, 08h, 09h, 4Dh (77), 4Eh (78), 4Fh (79), as well as B1h (177), B2h (178) and B3h (179). /wiki/QNX ↩

138. HP Volume Expansion is a variant of SpeedStor and uses partition IDs 21h, A1h, A3h, A4h, A6h, B1h, B3h, B4h, and B6h. /wiki/Hewlett-Packard ↩

139. HP Volume Expansion is a variant of SpeedStor and uses partition IDs 21h, A1h, A3h, A4h, A6h, B1h, B3h, B4h, and B6h. /wiki/Hewlett-Packard ↩

140. Versions of DR DOS 6.0 and higher use several of these partition IDs for secured FAT partitions with single-user security: C0h, C1h, C4h, C5h, C6h, CBh, CCh, CEh, CFh. /wiki/DR_DOS ↩

141. Versions of IMS REAL/32 use partition IDs C0h and D0h for multi-user security. /wiki/Intelligent_Micro_Software ↩

142. Versions of DR DOS 6.0 and higher use several of these partition IDs for secured FAT partitions with single-user security: C0h, C1h, C4h, C5h, C6h, CBh, CCh, CEh, CFh. /wiki/DR_DOS ↩

143. Versions of DR DOS 6.0 and higher use several of these partition IDs for secured FAT partitions with single-user security: C0h, C1h, C4h, C5h, C6h, CBh, CCh, CEh, CFh. /wiki/DR_DOS ↩

144. Versions of DR DOS 6.0 and higher use several of these partition IDs for secured FAT partitions with single-user security: C0h, C1h, C4h, C5h, C6h, CBh, CCh, CEh, CFh. /wiki/DR_DOS ↩

145. Versions of DR DOS 6.0 and higher use several of these partition IDs for secured FAT partitions with single-user security: C0h, C1h, C4h, C5h, C6h, CBh, CCh, CEh, CFh. /wiki/DR_DOS ↩

146. Versions of DR DOS 6.0 and higher use several of these partition IDs for secured FAT partitions with single-user security: C0h, C1h, C4h, C5h, C6h, CBh, CCh, CEh, CFh. /wiki/DR_DOS ↩

147. Versions of DR DOS 6.0 and higher use several of these partition IDs for secured FAT partitions with single-user security: C0h, C1h, C4h, C5h, C6h, CBh, CCh, CEh, CFh. /wiki/DR_DOS ↩

148. "openSUSE Leap 15.3 LIVE XFCE x86 ISO (first 512 bytes)". openSUSE. 2022-03-28. Retrieved 2022-04-05.[permanent dead link‍] https://download.opensuse.org/distribution/leap/15.3/live/openSUSE-Leap-15.3-XFCE-Live-x86_64-Build9.427-Media.iso ↩

149. Versions of DR DOS 6.0 and higher use several of these partition IDs for secured FAT partitions with single-user security: C0h, C1h, C4h, C5h, C6h, CBh, CCh, CEh, CFh. /wiki/DR_DOS ↩

150. Versions of DR DOS 6.0 and higher use several of these partition IDs for secured FAT partitions with single-user security: C0h, C1h, C4h, C5h, C6h, CBh, CCh, CEh, CFh. /wiki/DR_DOS ↩

151. Versions of Multiuser DOS use these partition IDs for secured FAT partitions with multi-user security: D0h, D1h, D4h, D5h, D6h. /wiki/Multiuser_DOS ↩

152. Versions of IMS REAL/32 use partition IDs C0h and D0h for multi-user security. /wiki/Intelligent_Micro_Software ↩

153. Versions of Multiuser DOS use these partition IDs for secured FAT partitions with multi-user security: D0h, D1h, D4h, D5h, D6h. /wiki/Multiuser_DOS ↩

154. Versions of Multiuser DOS use these partition IDs for secured FAT partitions with multi-user security: D0h, D1h, D4h, D5h, D6h. /wiki/Multiuser_DOS ↩

155. Versions of Multiuser DOS use these partition IDs for secured FAT partitions with multi-user security: D0h, D1h, D4h, D5h, D6h. /wiki/Multiuser_DOS ↩

156. Versions of Multiuser DOS use these partition IDs for secured FAT partitions with multi-user security: D0h, D1h, D4h, D5h, D6h. /wiki/Multiuser_DOS ↩

157. Elliott, John C. (1998). "CP/M-86 disc formats". Seasip.info. http://www.seasip.info/Cpm/cpm86form.html ↩

158. Chappell, Geoff (January 1994). Schulman, Andrew; Pedersen, Amorette (eds.). DOS Internals. The Andrew Schulman Programming Series (1st printing, 1st ed.). Addison Wesley Publishing Company. ISBN 978-0-201-60835-9. (xxvi+738+iv pages, 3.5"-floppy [1][2]) Errata: [3][4][5] 978-0-201-60835-9 ↩

159. "Troubleshooting Disks and File Systems". Microsoft TechNet. 2005-11-05. Retrieved 2014-06-15. https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb457122.aspx ↩

160. "Virtual Disk Service (VDS advanced clean method)". Microsoft Developer Network. Microsoft. 2011-09-07. Retrieved 2011-09-14. http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa381675(v=vs.85).aspx ↩

161. "Create Multiple Partitions on a Device". Microsoft TechNet. 2009-01-07. Retrieved 2015-04-19. https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc526838.aspx ↩

162. SpeedStor is an extended storage support driver for DOS for IBM PC/XT (v. 6.03) and IBM PC/AT (v. 6.5). Its custom partition types are E1h, E4h and F4h which can be marked read-only (becoming E3h, E6h, F6h), hidden (61h, 64h, 74h) or hidden read-only (63h, 66h, 76h). http://minuszerodegrees.net/software/speedstor.htm ↩

163. SpeedStor is an extended storage support driver for DOS for IBM PC/XT (v. 6.03) and IBM PC/AT (v. 6.5). Its custom partition types are E1h, E4h and F4h which can be marked read-only (becoming E3h, E6h, F6h), hidden (61h, 64h, 74h) or hidden read-only (63h, 66h, 76h). http://minuszerodegrees.net/software/speedstor.htm ↩

164. SpeedStor is an extended storage support driver for DOS for IBM PC/XT (v. 6.03) and IBM PC/AT (v. 6.5). Its custom partition types are E1h, E4h and F4h which can be marked read-only (becoming E3h, E6h, F6h), hidden (61h, 64h, 74h) or hidden read-only (63h, 66h, 76h). http://minuszerodegrees.net/software/speedstor.htm ↩

165. Known partition IDs for logical sectored FATs include: 08h (Commodore MS-DOS 3.x), 11h (Leading Edge MS-DOS 3.x), 14h (AST MS-DOS 3.x), 24h (NEC MS-DOS 3.30), 56h (AT&T MS-DOS 3.x), E5h (Tandy MS-DOS), F2h (Sperry IT MS-DOS 3.x, Unisys MS-DOS 3.3 — also used by Digital Research DOS Plus 2.1). While non-standard and sub-optimal these FAT variants are perfectly valid according to the specifications of the file system itself, although default issues of MS-DOS / PC DOS 3.x were not able to cope with them. Most of these vendor specific FAT12 and FAT16 variants can be mounted by more flexible file system implementations in operating systems such as DR-DOS simply by changing the partition ID to one of the recognized types. Also, if they no longer need to be recognized by their original operating systems, existing partitions can be "converted" into FAT12 and FAT16 volumes compliant with versions of MS-DOS/PC DOS like 5.0-6.3, which do not support logical sector sizes different from 512 bytes, by switching to a BPB with 32-bit entry for the number of sectors, as introduced since DOS 3.31, keeping the cluster size and reducing the logical sector size in the BPB down to 512 bytes, while at the same time increasing the counts of logical sectors per cluster, reserved logical sectors, total logical sectors, and logical sectors per FAT by the same factor. /wiki/Logical_sectored_FAT ↩

166. SpeedStor is an extended storage support driver for DOS for IBM PC/XT (v. 6.03) and IBM PC/AT (v. 6.5). Its custom partition types are E1h, E4h and F4h which can be marked read-only (becoming E3h, E6h, F6h), hidden (61h, 64h, 74h) or hidden read-only (63h, 66h, 76h). http://minuszerodegrees.net/software/speedstor.htm ↩

167. "/sbin/fdisk: add LUKS partition type code to fdisk". Debian. 2014-11-19. Archived from the original on 2019-05-03. Retrieved 2019-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20190503171736/https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=770211 ↩

168. Was suggested in now-superseded T13 EDD 4 proposal e09127r1 Archived 2017-08-19 at the Wayback Machine (2009). The successor e09127r3 Archived 2018-05-01 at the Wayback Machine (2010) now recommends to use a normal partition type (the one that a legacy OS would see) instead of this special value. http://www.t13.org/documents/UploadedDocuments/docs2009/e09127r1-EDD-4_Hybrid_MBR_support.pdf ↩

169. "Windows and GPT FAQ". Microsoft Developer Network. Microsoft. 2011-06-15. Retrieved 2011-07-24. http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/hardware/gg463525.aspx ↩

170. "Troubleshooting Disks and File Systems". Microsoft TechNet. 2005-11-05. Retrieved 2014-06-15. https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb457122.aspx ↩

171. "Troubleshooting Disks and File Systems". Microsoft TechNet. 2005-11-05. Retrieved 2014-06-15. https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb457122.aspx ↩

172. Known partition IDs for logical sectored FATs include: 08h (Commodore MS-DOS 3.x), 11h (Leading Edge MS-DOS 3.x), 14h (AST MS-DOS 3.x), 24h (NEC MS-DOS 3.30), 56h (AT&T MS-DOS 3.x), E5h (Tandy MS-DOS), F2h (Sperry IT MS-DOS 3.x, Unisys MS-DOS 3.3 — also used by Digital Research DOS Plus 2.1). While non-standard and sub-optimal these FAT variants are perfectly valid according to the specifications of the file system itself, although default issues of MS-DOS / PC DOS 3.x were not able to cope with them. Most of these vendor specific FAT12 and FAT16 variants can be mounted by more flexible file system implementations in operating systems such as DR-DOS simply by changing the partition ID to one of the recognized types. Also, if they no longer need to be recognized by their original operating systems, existing partitions can be "converted" into FAT12 and FAT16 volumes compliant with versions of MS-DOS/PC DOS like 5.0-6.3, which do not support logical sector sizes different from 512 bytes, by switching to a BPB with 32-bit entry for the number of sectors, as introduced since DOS 3.31, keeping the cluster size and reducing the logical sector size in the BPB down to 512 bytes, while at the same time increasing the counts of logical sectors per cluster, reserved logical sectors, total logical sectors, and logical sectors per FAT by the same factor. /wiki/Logical_sectored_FAT ↩

173. SpeedStor is an extended storage support driver for DOS for IBM PC/XT (v. 6.03) and IBM PC/AT (v. 6.5). Its custom partition types are E1h, E4h and F4h which can be marked read-only (becoming E3h, E6h, F6h), hidden (61h, 64h, 74h) or hidden read-only (63h, 66h, 76h). http://minuszerodegrees.net/software/speedstor.htm ↩

174. SpeedStor is an extended storage support driver for DOS for IBM PC/XT (v. 6.03) and IBM PC/AT (v. 6.5). Its custom partition types are E1h, E4h and F4h which can be marked read-only (becoming E3h, E6h, F6h), hidden (61h, 64h, 74h) or hidden read-only (63h, 66h, 76h). http://minuszerodegrees.net/software/speedstor.htm ↩

175. "Embedded Base Boot Requirements (EBBR) Specification Release v1.0". Arm Limited and Contributors. 2019-05-31. Retrieved 2020-06-18. https://github.com/ARM-software/ebbr/releases/tag/v1.0 ↩

176. Sawicki, Ed; May, David (2003-08-08). "Proposal for pCache". ALCPress.com. Accelerated Learning Center. Archived from the original on 2016-03-08. Retrieved 2016-11-29. https://web.archive.org/web/20160308142512/http://alcpress.com/articles/pcache.html ↩

177. "Troubleshooting Disks and File Systems". Microsoft TechNet. 2005-11-05. Retrieved 2014-06-15. https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb457122.aspx ↩

178. "Virtual Disk Service (VDS advanced clean method)". Microsoft Developer Network. Microsoft. 2011-09-07. Retrieved 2011-09-14. http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa381675(v=vs.85).aspx ↩

179. "Troubleshooting Disks and File Systems". Microsoft TechNet. 2005-11-05. Retrieved 2014-06-15. https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb457122.aspx ↩

180. Chappell, Geoff (January 1994). Schulman, Andrew; Pedersen, Amorette (eds.). DOS Internals. The Andrew Schulman Programming Series (1st printing, 1st ed.). Addison Wesley Publishing Company. ISBN 978-0-201-60835-9. (xxvi+738+iv pages, 3.5"-floppy [1][2]) Errata: [3][4][5] 978-0-201-60835-9 ↩