Resolution plc was a UK insurance company headquartered in the City of London. It was listed on the London Stock Exchange and was once a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index but was acquired by the Pearl Group in May 2008.
Nov 16 2007History
Early history
The Resolution Life group was formed in 2004 to provide a vehicle for life funds that have been closed to new business, but have liabilities extending many years into the future.1
The first purchase was the life insurance business of Royal & SunAlliance, followed by the purchase of Swiss Life's UK business.2
In September 2005, Resolution Life merged with the FTSE company Britannic Group, who had closed to new business in 2003.3
In 2006, the merged group bought the life business of Abbey National, a transaction of £3.6 billion that brought entry into the FTSE 100.4
On 30 May 2007 Resolution announced a strategic partnership with Capita which will result in the transfer of approximately two thousand staff in Customer Services and IT and phased outsourcing of back-office customer services to India.5
Takeover by Pearl Group
On 25 July 2007 Resolution agreed a merger with Friends Provident to create a new entity, Friends Financial, with a market cap of circa £8.6Bn, however by September 2007 it was announced that Hugh Osmond's Pearl Group, a critic of the proposed merger with Friends Provident, had undergone talks with Swiss Re about a potential deal to take over Resolution,6 but talks broke down. On 10 October 2007, Pearl made a formal offer of 660 pence per share, worth approximately £4.5 billion, in conjunction with the Royal London Mutual Insurance Society.7 Standard Life and Swiss Re also entered the bidding for Resolution, and for a brief period on 26 October 2007 their cash and shares bid, worth £4.9 billion was recommended by the board, which called off any deal with Friends Provident.8 Within a short space of time, Pearl came back with an all-cash offer of 720 pence per share. In addition, Hugh Osmond, chief executive of Pearl, now controlled a stake of 24.1% of Resolution's ordinary shares, which would have effectively blocked any planned merger from Standard Life as it would have required 75% approval from shareholders. In mid-November 2007, Standard Life pulled out of the merger and the offer from Pearl was recommended by the board to shareholders.9
At the extraordinary general meeting, held on 8 January 2008, the shareholders overwhelmingly agreed to the merger.10 Having been approved by the Financial Services Authority in mid-April 2008, the acquisition was completed on 1 May 2008.11 The Scottish Provident and Scottish Provident International brands and various in-force blocks of policies were taken over by the Royal London Group, with the rest going to Pearl. At this time, Pearl agreed to allow Clive Cowdery to use the Resolution brand.
Relaunch as an investment vehicle
Main article: Resolution Limited
Resolution was relaunched by Clive Cowdery as an investment acquisition vehicle in December 2008. Resolution Life Group Holdings Ltd, which is registered in Bermuda, is the holding company for several global insurance brands, including AMP Life.1213 In 2019, investors in the holding company included JPMorgan Chase, KKR, Nippon Life Insurance Company, Temasek Holdings and a Middle Eastern sovereign wealth fund.14
The group resumed talks with Friends Provident in July 2009 but was rejected twice,15 though Friends Provident eventually agreed to a takeover in August 2009.16
Operations
Brands owned by the group included:
- Swiss Life (UK)
- Phoenix Assurance
- Bradford Insurance Company
- Royal & Sun Alliance Linked Insurances
- Alba Life, previously:17
- Britannia Life
- FS Assurance
- Crusader Insurance
- Life Association of Scotland
- Foreman and Staff Mutual Benefit Society
- Britannic Asset Management (previously Britannia Asset Management, now Resolution Asset Management)
- Britannic Assurance
- Britannic Retirement Solutions
- Britannic Unit Linked Assurance
- Century Group
- Century Life
- Phoenix Life & Pensions
- Allianz Cornhill (life operations)18
- AMP Life19
References
"R&SA sells UK life operations". Insurance Times. 30 July 2004. Retrieved 7 July 2025. https://www.insurancetimes.co.uk/randsa-sells-uk-life-operations/1336916.article ↩
Goellner, Philipp (9 December 2004). "Swiss Life to Sell U.K. Unit for 205 Million Pounds". Bloomberg. Retrieved 1 March 2009. https://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=10000102&sid=aEnw5Siva76E&refer=uk ↩
"Britannic and Resolution Life complete merger". Prfessional Adviser. 6 September 2005. Retrieved 7 July 2025. https://www.professionaladviser.com/news/1341984/britannic-resolution-life-complete-merger ↩
Company history http://www.resolutionplc.com/aboutus_ourhistory.shtml ↩
Capita strategic partnership announcement http://www.resolutionplc.com/pdfs/media_PressRelease_300507.pdf ↩
Barwell, Tim; Thompson, Sarah (17 September 2007). "Northern Rock, Lloyds, Resolution: U.K., Irish Stock Preview". New York City, United States: Bloomberg L.P. Retrieved 29 April 2008. https://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601102&refer=uk&sid=ai4_pxFThOOc ↩
Smith, Shelley (10 October 2007). "BP, Carpetright, New Star, Resolution: U.K. Equity Preview". New York City, United States: Bloomberg L.P. Retrieved 29 April 2008. https://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601102&sid=aAnbHdGGN4SQ&refer=uk ↩
Jones, Sarah; Thompson, Sarah (26 October 2007). "U.K. Stocks Gain for Second Day, Paced by Rio Tinto, BHP, Shell". New York City, United States: Bloomberg L.P. Retrieved 29 April 2008. https://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601102&sid=a5dm4PzgH.7k ↩
Odoi, Antoinette (17 November 2007). "Resolution board says yes to £5bn Pearl bid". The Guardian. London, England. Retrieved 29 April 2008. https://www.theguardian.com/business/2007/nov/17/standardlife.resolution?gusrc=rss&feed=news ↩
"Resolution PLC - Result of EGM". New York, United States: Thomson Reuters. 8 January 2008. Archived from the original on 1 February 2013. Retrieved 29 April 2008. https://archive.today/20130201111932/http://www.reuters.com/article/pressRelease/idUS144148+09-Jan-2008+RNS20080109 ↩
Ferreira-Marques, Clara (17 April 2008). "UK approves Pearl takeover of Resolution". Reuters. Retrieved 28 April 2008. https://www.reuters.com/article/rbssFinancialServicesAndRealEstateNews/idUSL1765358220080417 ↩
"Recommended Acquisition of Resolution plc" (PDF). Resolution plc. 16 November 2007. p. 44. Archived from the original (PDF) on 30 November 2007. Retrieved 29 April 2008. Since Pearl intends to apply the Pearl brand to the Pearl Assets, Pearl and Clive Cowdery have entered into an agreement which provides... for the transfer from Pearl to Clive Cowdery of the right to the Resolution name https://web.archive.org/web/20071130133708/http://www.resolutionplc.com/pdfs/investor_RecommendedAcquisitionofResolution%20plc.pdf ↩
Gottfried, Miriam (8 May 2019). "For Blackstone, Insurance Is Next Big Push on Route to $1 Trillion Asset Goal". Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. Retrieved 3 January 2021. https://www.wsj.com/articles/for-blackstone-insurance-is-next-big-push-on-route-to-1-trillion-asset-goal-11557312738 ↩
"Resolution Life completes latest capital raise, taking commitments to $3bn+ - Reinsurance News". ReinsuranceNe.ws. 20 November 2019. Retrieved 3 January 2021. https://www.reinsurancene.ws/resolution-life-completes-latest-capital-raise-taking-commitments-to-3bn/ ↩
"Friends rejects Resolution again". BBC News. 20 July 2009. Retrieved 28 April 2008. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/8160169.stm ↩
"Friends backs Resolution takeover". BBC News. 11 August 2009. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/8194573.stm ↩
Alba Life history http://www.resolutionplc.com/aboutus_albalifelimited.shtml ↩
Company history http://www.resolutionplc.com/aboutus_ourhistory.shtml ↩
"Frequently asked questions regarding the proposed sale of AMP Life | AMP". Archived from the original on 26 September 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200926092628/https://www.amp.co.nz/amp/media-centre/2020/FAQ-regarding-the-proposed-sale-of-AMP-Life ↩