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Thallium(I) hydroxide

Chemical compound

Thallium(I) hydroxide, also called thallous hydroxide, is a chemical compound with the chemical formula Tl O H. It is a hydroxide of thallium, with thallium in oxidation state +1. It is a thallium(I) salt of water. It consists of thallium(I) cations Tl+ and hydroxide anions OH−.

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Synthesis

Thallium(I) hydroxide is obtained from the decomposition of thallium(I) ethoxide in water.¹

CH3CH2OTl + H2O → TlOH + CH3CH2OH

This can also be done by direct reaction of thallium with ethanol and oxygen gas.

4 Tl + 2 CH3CH2OH + O2 → 2 CH3CH2OTl + 2 TlOH

Another method is the reaction between thallium(I) sulfate and barium hydroxide.

Tl2SO4 + Ba(OH)2 → 2 TlOH + BaSO4

Thallium(I) hydroxide is a strong base; it dissociates to thallium(I) cations, Tl+, and hydroxide anions, OH−, except in strongly basic conditions. Tl+ cation resembles an alkali metal cation, such as Li+, Na+ or K+.

Brauer, Georg; Baudler, Marianne (1975). Handbuch der Präparativen Anorganischen Chemie, Band I. (3rd ed.). Stuttgart: Ferdinand Enke. p. 883. ISBN 3-432-02328-6. 3-432-02328-6 ↩