The threshold hypothesis is a hypothesis concerning second language acquisition set forth in a study by Jim Cummins (1976), which stated that a minimum threshold in language proficiency must be passed before a second-language speaker can reap any benefits from language. It also states that, in order to gain proficiency in a second language, the learner must also have passed a certain and age appropriate level of competence in his or her first language.
References
Cummins J. (1976). The influence of bilingualism on cognitive growth: a synthesis of research findings and explanatory hypotheses. Work. Pap. Biling. 9, 1–43 ↩
Charlotte Franson (2 May 2009). "Bilingual Language Acquisition" (PDF). National Association for Language Development in the Curriculum (NALDIC): ITTSEAL website. National Association for Language Development in the Curriculum. https://www.naldic.org.uk/Resources/NALDIC/Initial%20Teacher%20Education/Documents/SLA.pdf ↩