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Meghan, Duchess of Sussex
American member of the British royal family (born 1981)

Meghan, Duchess of Sussex, an American former actress and member of the British royal family, married Prince Harry in 2018, becoming the Duchess of Sussex. Born in Los Angeles, she began her acting career at Northwestern University and is known for playing Rachel Zane in Suits. After retiring from acting, she and Harry stepped down as working royals in 2020, relocated to Southern California, and founded Archewell Inc.. Meghan has authored the children's book The Bench, hosted the podcast Archetypes, and appeared in the Netflix series Harry & Meghan. Her lifestyle brand As Ever launched in 2025.

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Early life and education

Further information: Family of Meghan, Duchess of Sussex

Rachel Meghan Markle was born on August 4, 1981, at West Park Hospital in Canoga Park, Los Angeles, California. She identifies as mixed race; "My dad is Caucasian and my mom is African American. I'm half black and half white."1 Her parents – the former makeup artist Doria Ragland (born 1956) and Thomas Markle Sr. (born 1944), a television lighting director and director of photography2 – separated when she was two years old and divorced four years later.345

Markle reportedly has a close relationship with her mother.67 Until the age of nine, both parents contributed to raising her; then, her father was left in charge of caring for her (while her mother pursued a career) so Meghan lived with him full-time before commencing university at age eighteen.89 Markle Sr. worked as a director of photography and lighting for General Hospital and Married... with Children, and Meghan occasionally visited the set of Married... with Children as a child.1011 In later life, she became estranged from her father and paternal half-siblings, Samantha Markle and Thomas Markle Jr.1213

Growing up in View Park–Windsor Hills, Los Angeles,14 Markle attended Hollywood Little Red Schoolhouse.1516 At age eleven, she and her classmates wrote to Procter & Gamble to gender-neutralize a dishwashing soap commercial on national television.17 She was raised as a Christian, though conflicting reports indicate she was raised either Catholic or Protestant.181920 She graduated from Immaculate Heart High School (Los Angeles), a fee-charging all-girls Catholic school.21 Markle took part in plays and musicals at the school, where her father helped with lighting.22 During her teenage years, she worked at a local frozen yogurt shop and a donut shop and later as a nanny and waitress.232425 She also volunteered at a soup kitchen in Skid Row, Los Angeles.2627

In 1999, she was admitted to Northwestern University (NU) in Evanston, Illinois, where she joined Kappa Kappa Gamma sorority.282930 With other members of Kappa Kappa Gamma, Markle did volunteer work with the Glass Slipper Project. After her junior year, her uncle Michael Markle helped secure her an internship as a junior press officer at the American embassy in Buenos Aires,31 and she considered a political career.3233 However, she did not score high enough in the Foreign Service Officer test to proceed further with the US State Department34 and returned to NU. She also attended a study abroad program in Madrid.35 In 2003, Markle earned her bachelor's degree with a double major in theater and international studies from Northwestern's School of Communication.3637

Acting career

According to Markle, she had some difficulty getting roles early in her career due to being "ethnically ambiguous" because "I wasn't black enough for the black roles and I wasn't white enough for the white ones."38 To support herself between acting jobs, she worked as a freelance calligrapher and taught bookbinding.3940 Her first on-screen appearance was a small role as a nurse in an episode of the daytime soap opera General Hospital,4142 a show for which her father served as a lighting director.43 Markle had small guest roles on the television shows Century City (2004), The War at Home (2006) and CSI: NY (2006).44 For her role in Century City, she told the casting directors that she was a SAG-AFTRA member when she was not, but after being cast, the employers were obliged to help her join the union according to the Taft–Hartley Act.45 Markle also did several contract acting and modeling jobs. Between 2006 and 2007, she worked as a "briefcase girl" on 34 episodes of the US version of the game show Deal or No Deal.46 She appeared in Fox's series Fringe as Junior Agent Amy Jessup in the first two episodes of its second season.47

Markle appeared in small roles in the films Get Him to the Greek, Remember Me (produced by her then-partner Trevor Engelson) and The Candidate in 2010 and the film Horrible Bosses in 2011.48 She was paid $187,000 for her role in Remember Me and $171,429 for her role in the short film The Candidate.49 In July 2011, she joined the cast of the USA Network show Suits through to late 2017 and the seventh season. Her character, Rachel Zane, began as a paralegal and eventually became an attorney.50 While working on Suits, she lived for nine months each year in Toronto.5152 Fortune magazine estimated that she was paid $50,000 per episode, amounting to an equivalent annual salary of $450,000.53

Personal life

Early relationships and first marriage

Markle and American film producer Trevor Engelson began dating in 2004.54 They were married in Ocho Rios, Jamaica on August 16, 2011.55 They separated in 2013, and were granted a divorce in 2014.5657 Markle's subsequent live-in relationship with Canadian celebrity chef and restaurateur Cory Vitiello ended in May 2016 after almost two years.58

Second marriage and motherhood

Further information: Wedding of Prince Harry and Meghan Markle and Wedding dress of Meghan Markle

In mid-2016,59 Markle began a relationship with Prince Harry, a grandson of Queen Elizabeth II.6061 According to the couple, they first connected with each other via Instagram,62 and they have also said that they were set up on a blind date by a mutual friend in July 2016.63 On November 8, eight days after the relationship was made public by the press, the prince directed his communications secretary to release a statement on his behalf to express personal concern about pejorative and false comments made about his girlfriend by mainstream media and internet trolls.6465 Later, in a letter to a British media regulator, Markle's representatives complained about harassment from journalists.66 In September 2017, Markle and Prince Harry appeared together in public in Toronto at the Invictus Games, of which Harry is founding patron.6768

Meghan Markle's engagement to Prince Harry was announced on November 27, 2017, by Harry's father Charles (then the Prince of Wales).69 The announcement was greeted with enthusiasm by the British media and prompted generally positive comments about a mixed-race person as a member of the royal family,70 especially in regard to Commonwealth countries.71 Markle announced that she would retire from acting7273 and her intention to become a British citizen.74

In preparation for the wedding, the Archbishop of Canterbury, Justin Welby, baptized Markle and confirmed her in the Church of England on March 6, 2018.75 The private ceremony, performed with water from the River Jordan, took place in the Chapel Royal at St James's Palace.76 The marriage ceremony was held on May 19 at St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle.77 Her wedding dress was designed by Clare Waight Keller.78 Markle later revealed that there was a private exchange of vows three days earlier, with the Archbishop of Canterbury in the couple's garden.79 However, this private exchange of vows was not a legally recognized marriage.8081

After the wedding, the Duke and Duchess lived at Nottingham Cottage in London, in the grounds of Kensington Palace.82 In May 2018, it was reported that they had signed a two-year lease on Westfield Large, located on the Great Tew Estate in the Cotswolds.83 They gave up the lease after photos of the house and its interior were published by a paparazzi agency.84 The couple considered settling at the twenty-one room Apartment 1 within Kensington Palace,85 but moved to Frogmore Cottage in the Home Park of Windsor Castle instead.8687 The Crown Estate refurbished the cottage at a cost of £2.4 million, paid out of the Sovereign Grant, with the Duke later reimbursing expenses beyond restoration and ordinary maintenance, a part of which was offset against rental payments that were due at the time.8889 Meghan gave birth to a son, Archie, on May 6, 2019.90 The Duke and Duchess of Sussex's office moved to Buckingham Palace and officially closed on March 31, 2020, when the Sussexes withdrew from undertaking official royal engagements.9192 After some months in Canada and the United States, in June 2020, the couple bought a house on the former estate of Riven Rock, Montecito, California.9394 The next month, Meghan suffered a miscarriage.95 She gave birth to a daughter, Lilibet, on June 4, 2021.96 Meghan later revealed that she had suffered from postpartum preeclampsia.97 The Duke and Duchess have owned a Labrador named Pula and two Beagles named Guy and Mamma Mia.9899 Meghan previously owned a Labrador-German Shepherd cross named Bogart.100

Political views

Markle was politically vocal before marrying Prince Harry. At age 9, she and her friends reportedly campaigned against the Gulf War.101 Decades later, she backed Hillary Clinton during the 2016 United States presidential election and publicly denounced her opponent and eventual winner, Donald Trump. In the same year, when the referendum on the United Kingdom's membership of the European Union resulted in favor of Brexit, Markle expressed her disappointment on Instagram.102 In 2017, Markle recommended the book Who Rules the World? by left-wing intellectual Noam Chomsky on her Instagram account.103

In July 2018, Irish senator Catherine Noone tweeted that the Duchess was "pleased to see the result" of the Irish referendum on legalizing abortion. Meghan received criticism for potentially breaching the protocol that prohibits royals from interfering in politics;104 Noone deleted her tweet and emphasized that her statement was misleading and "the Duchess was not in any way political".105

After she returned to the United States and as an eligible voter, she released a video with her husband encouraging others to register for the 2020 United States presidential election on National Voter Registration Day. Some media outlets took it as an implicit endorsement of the Democratic candidate, Joe Biden, which prompted then-president Trump to dismiss their messaging at a press conference.106 In October 2021, she penned an open letter to Senate Majority Leader Chuck Schumer and House Speaker Nancy Pelosi, advocating for paid leave for parents.107 Her remarks were met by backlash from Republican representatives Jason Smith and Lisa McClain, who found her statement "out of touch" and criticized her interference with American politics while utilizing her British royal titles.108 Meghan has reportedly lobbied senators from both parties on the issue of paid family leave, including Democratic senators Patty Murray and Kirsten Gillibrand, as well as Republican senators Shelley Moore Capito and Susan Collins.109110 She has also publicly spoken in support of federal voting protections.111

In February 2022, she voiced her support for the Supreme Court nomination of Ketanji Brown Jackson.112 In June 2022, she publicly supported Moms Demand Action, an organization which campaigns for safer gun laws in the US.113 In the same month, in an interview with Jessica Yellin for Vogue, Meghan criticized the decision of the Supreme Court of the United States that abortion is not a protected constitutional right and voiced her support for the proposed Equal Rights Amendment.114

Public life

Royal duties

Further information: List of official overseas trips made by Prince Harry, Duke of Sussex, and Meghan, Duchess of Sussex

After becoming engaged, Markle's first official public appearance with Prince Harry was at a World AIDS Day walkabout in Nottingham on December 1, 2017.115116 On March 12, the 2018 Commonwealth Day service at Westminster Abbey was the first royal event she attended with the Queen.117 On March 23, Harry and Meghan made an unannounced day visit to Northern Ireland.118 In total, Markle attended 26 public engagements prior to the wedding.119 Meghan's first official engagement after marriage was on May 22, when she and her husband attended a garden party celebrating the charity work of King Charles III (then the Prince of Wales).120

In July 2018, Meghan's first official trip abroad as a royal was to Dublin, Ireland, alongside Harry.121122 In October 2018, the Duke and Duchess traveled to Sydney for the 2018 Invictus Games.123 This formed part of a Pacific tour that included Australia, Fiji, Tonga and New Zealand.124125 As representatives of the Queen, the couple were greeted warmly by crowds in Sydney, and the announcement of Meghan's pregnancy hours after their arrival delighted the public and media.126127 During their visit to Morocco in February 2019, the Duke and Duchess focused on projects centered on "women's empowerment, girls' education, inclusivity and encouragement of social entrepreneurship".128 Meghan also participated in her husband's work as youth ambassador to the Commonwealth, which included overseas tours.129130

As part of establishing a separate office from that of the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge in 2019, the Duke and Duchess created an Instagram social media account, which broke the record for the fastest account at the time to reach a million followers.131 In July 2019, the Duchess's security team were criticized for creating an empty zone of about 40 seats around her at Wimbledon where she was watching a match between Serena Williams and Kaja Juvan.132 In August 2019, Meghan and her husband were criticized by environmental campaigners for using private jets regularly when taking their personal trips abroad, which would leave more carbon footprint per person compared to commercial planes. The criticism was in line with similar criticism faced by the royal family in June 2019, after it was claimed that they "had doubled [their] carbon footprint from business travel".133134

In September and October 2019, a Southern African tour included Malawi, Angola, South Africa and Botswana. Archie traveled with his parents, making it "their first official tour as a family".135 Meghan completed 179 engagements in total in 2018 and 2019.136

Stepping back and subsequent public appearances

See also: Megxit

In January 2020, Meghan and Harry returned to the UK from a vacation in Canada and announced that they were stepping back from their role as senior members of the royal family and would balance their time between the United Kingdom and North America.137138 A statement released by the Palace confirmed that the Duke and Duchess were to cease to undertake royal duties as representatives of the Queen and would therefore no longer receive the relevant financial support.139 The couple would retain their HRH styles but not use them.140 The formal role of the Duke and Duchess was subject to a twelve-month review period, ending in March 2021. Meghan's final public solo engagement as a senior royal was a visit to Robert Clack School in Dagenham on March 7, 2020, ahead of International Women's Day.141 She and Harry attended the Commonwealth Day service at Westminster Abbey on March 9, 2020, which was their last engagement as a couple before they officially stepped down on March 31. Two years later, they made their first official appearance in the UK in June 2022 while attending the Platinum Jubilee National Service of Thanksgiving.142

They visited the UK and Germany in September 2022 for a number of charity events in Manchester and Düsseldorf.143 On September 8, 2022, while Meghan and Harry were in London preparing to attend a charity event, Queen Elizabeth II died at Balmoral Castle in Scotland, and they remained in the United Kingdom for her funeral.144

Meghan and Harry visited Nigeria in May 2024 to honor the work of the Invictus Games. Meghan had previously stated that a genetic test had found she was of 43% Nigerian ancestry. According to CNN, their trip focused on "sports rehabilitation, mental health, and women's empowerment".145 Meghan co-hosted a women's empowerment summit with the head of the World Trade Organization, Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala, and she was honored in a ceremony by some of the Nigerian Chiefs.146

Further career and investments

In summer 2019, before announcing their decision to step down in January 2020, Meghan and her husband were involved in talks with Jeffrey Katzenberg, the founder of the now-defunct streaming platform Quibi, over a possible role in the service without gaining personal profits, but they eventually decided against joining the project.147 In September 2019, it was reported that the couple had hired New York-based PR firm Sunshine Sachs, which represented them until 2022.148149 The couple has also been associated with Adam Lilling's Plus Capital, a venture capital fund designed to connect early stage companies with influencers and investors.150

In June 2020, they signed with the Harry Walker Agency, owned by media company Endeavor, to conduct paid public speaking engagements.151 In September 2020, the Sussexes signed a private commercial deal with Netflix.152 In December 2020, it was announced that Meghan had invested in Clevr Blends, a coffee company based in Southern California.153 In the same month, Meghan and Harry signed a multi-year deal with Spotify to produce and host their own programs through their audio producing company, Archewell Audio.154 A holiday special was released by the couple on the service in December 2020,155 while Meghan's podcast, titled Archetypes, premiered in August 2022.156157 In June 2023, Spotify cancelled the podcast, which ran for a single season of 12 episodes.158159

The Bench, a picture book written by Meghan with illustrations by Christian Robinson, was published in June 2021 by Random House Children's Books. It is based on her perception of the relationship between her husband and their son.160 The book received a mixed response; it garnered praise for its illustrations and messaging but was criticized for its structure and writing.161162163 On June 17, the book reached number one in the children's picture books category of The New York Times Best Seller list.164 In July 2021, it was announced that Meghan would executive produce, alongside David Furnish, a Netflix animated series called Pearl.165 The series was originally pitched to Netflix in 2018.166 Pearl would have depicted the adventures of a 12-year-old girl who was inspired by influential women from history,167 but the project was canceled in May 2022.168 Also in July 2021, it was reported that Meghan and Harry had signed a four-book publishing deal with Random House, including a wellness guide by Meghan and a memoir by Harry.169

In October 2021, Meghan and Harry announced their partnership with Ethic, a sustainable investment firm based in New York City, which also manages the couple's investments.170171 According to state filings from Delaware, where the couple's Archewell foundation is registered, Meghan and Harry incorporated 11 companies and a trust beginning in early 2020 which include Orinoco Publishing LLC and Peca Publishing LLC to hold the rights for their books as well as Cobblestone Lane LLC and IPHW LLC which are holders of their foundation's logos.172 Frim Fram Inc., which ran The Tig, had been registered earlier as a new corporation in Delaware in December 2019.173

Harry & Meghan, a docuseries about the couple directed by Liz Garbus, was produced by Netflix and the couple's Archewell Productions and premiered on December 8, 2022.174 The series received mixed reviews.175 In April 2023, it was announced that she had signed with talent agency WME, which would represent Archewell as well.176

In March 2024, Meghan launched the lifestyle and cooking brand American Riviera Orchard, which was later renamed As Ever.177178 In April 2024, it was announced that Archewell Productions was collaborating with Netflix to produce two new shows on lifestyle and on polo, respectively.179180 Later in August, it was revealed that she had invested in the handbag brand Cesta Collective, which sold handwoven basket bags prepared by a group of women in Rwanda that were then completed in Italy.181 In November of the same year she invested in the haircare line Highbrow Hippie.182 Her lifestyle series, With Love, Meghan premiered on Netflix in March 2025.183

In March 2025, it was announced that Meghan would host a second podcast series, Confessions of a Female Founder, with Lemonada Media.184 In the same month, she launched an online site via ShopMy, which allows content creators to share links to their favorite clothing, accessories and jewelry while earning revenue through commissions.185

Charity work and advocacy

Markle became a counsellor for the international network One Young World in 2014, spoke at its 2014 summit in Dublin186 and attended the 2016 opening ceremony in Ottawa.187 Also in 2014, she toured Spain, Italy, Turkey, Afghanistan and England with the United Service Organizations.188

In 2016, Markle became a global ambassador for World Vision Canada, traveling to Rwanda for the Clean Water Campaign.189190191 After a trip to India focused on raising awareness for women's issues, she penned an op-ed for Time magazine concerning stigmatization of women in regard to menstrual health.192 She has also worked with the United Nations Entity for Gender Equality and the Empowerment of Women as an advocate.193194 Her speech at the UN Women's 2015 conference as an advocate for political participation and leadership contained a number of sentences that were nearly identical to a 1951 speech by Eleanor Roosevelt.195196 In 2017, Markle joined Prince Harry in teaming up with the charity Elephants Without Borders to assist with the conservation efforts taking place in Botswana.197

In January 2018, Markle became interested in the Hubb Community Kitchen run by survivors of the Grenfell Tower fire. She visited the kitchen regularly and suggested that the displaced women publish a cookbook to assist in funding for the group.198 Together: Our Community Cookbook, her first charity project as Duchess of Sussex, was announced in September.199 In August 2020, Meghan used proceeds from the cookbook to donate £8,000 to the UK charity Migrateful, which supports refugees, asylum seekers and migrants by helping them organize cookery classes.200 In March 2021, she donated £10,000 from the proceeds to the UK-based charity Himmah to assist them with stocking the group's food bank, provide them with equipment and help the Salaam Shalom Kitchen, the only Muslim and Jewish community kitchen in the UK.201

In March 2020, it was announced that Meghan's first post-royal project would be the narration of Disneynature's documentary Elephant, which was released on April 3.202 In support of elephants, Disneynature and the Disney Conservation Fund would donate to Elephants Without Borders for species conservation in Botswana.203 In June 2020, the couple backed the Stop Hate for Profit campaign and encouraged CEOs of different companies to join the movement.204 In July 2020, she spoke in support of the Black Lives Matter movement.205

In April 2021, the couple were announced as campaign chairs for Vax Live: The Concert to Reunite the World, an event organized by Global Citizen to increase access to COVID-19 vaccinations.206 They also announced their support for a vaccine equity fundraiser initiated by the same organization,207 and penned an open letter to the pharmaceutical industry CEOs urging them to address the vaccine equity crisis.208 In July 2021, Meghan and Harry were among people who were selected by UK-based charity Population Matters to receive the Change Champions Award for their decision to have only two children and help with maintaining a smaller and more sustainable population.209 In August 2021, to mark her 40th birthday, Meghan launched 40x40, a campaign that asks people around the world to spend 40 minutes of their time mentoring women reentering the workforce.210 In October 2021 and ahead of the 2021 G20 Rome summit, the couple penned an open letter together with the Director-General of the World Health Organization Tedros Adhanom, asking the G20 leaders to expedite efforts for the global distribution of COVID-19 vaccines.211

In February 2022, the couple were selected to receive NAACP's President's Award for their work on causes related to social justice and equity.212 In the following month, they were among more than a hundred people who signed an open letter published by the People's Vaccine Alliance, asking for free global access to COVID-19 vaccines and calling out the UK, EU and Switzerland for opposing a waiver that would allow vaccine intellectual property protections to be lifted.213 In October 2022, Meghan and Harry were named as Ripple of Hope Award laureates for their work on racial justice, mental health and other social initiatives through their foundation Archewell.214 In April 2023, she was named as a recipient of the Ms. Foundation for Women's Women of Vision Award.215

Patronages and interests

From January 2019 to February 2021, Meghan was patron of London's National Theatre and the Association of Commonwealth Universities.216217 She continued her role as the private patron of Mayhew until 2022.218 She remains a private patron of Smart Works.219 From March 2019 to February 2021, she was the vice president of The Queen's Commonwealth Trust.220221 Until February 2021, periodically, online QCT chat sessions were conducted and uploaded to YouTube for general public viewing.222 In October 2019, along with other members of the royal family, Meghan voiced a Public Health England announcement, for the "Every Mind Matters" mental health program.223

In 2019 Meghan was a contributor and guest editor for the September issue of British Vogue and highlighted the works of 15 women from different areas, who were described as "Forces for Change".224 Edward Enninful, editor-in-chief of the British Vogue, later revealed that the issue had become the "fastest-selling issue in the history of British Vogue".225 In the same issue, it was announced that she had collaborated with a number of British fashion houses and stores to launch a capsule collection, called The Smart Set, in September 2019 to benefit the charity Smart Works. The collection sought to help "unemployed and disadvantaged women", through selling items "on a one-for-one basis, meaning an item is donated for each item purchased".226 Taking advantage of the "Meghan Markle effect" (driving consumer purchases), in 10 days the collection provided a year's worth of clothes for the charity.227

Sussex Royal and Archewell

In February 2018, Markle and fiancé Harry attended the first annual forum of The Royal Foundation.228 After marriage, Meghan became the foundation's fourth patron alongside Prince Harry, Prince William and his wife, Catherine.229 In May 2019, as a part of their Heads Together initiative, the Duchess of Sussex together with her husband and in-laws launched Shout, a text messaging service for those who suffer from mental issues.230 In June 2019, it was announced that Harry and Meghan would split from the charity and establish their own foundation. Nevertheless, the couples would collaborate on mutual projects, such as the mental health initiative Heads Together.231232 The following month, "Sussex Royal The Foundation of The Duke and Duchess of Sussex" was registered in England and Wales.233 However, it was confirmed on February 21, 2020, that "Sussex Royal" would not be used as a brand name for the couple, following their step back from official life as working royals.234 On August 5, 2020, the Sussex Royal Foundation was renamed "MWX Foundation" and dissolved the same day.235

In March 2021, it was reported that the Charity Commission for England and Wales was conducting a review of the Sussex Royal organization in a "regulatory and compliance case" regarding its conduct under charity law during dissolution.236 Representatives for the couple claimed that Sussex Royal was "managed by a board of trustees" and that "suggestion of mismanagement" directed exclusively at the Duke and Duchess would be incorrect.237 The commission later concluded that the foundation did not act unlawfully, but criticized the board of directors for expending a "substantial proportion of funds" to setting up and closing the charity.238239

In April 2020, Meghan and Harry confirmed that an alternative foundation (in lieu of Sussex Royal) would be called "Archewell".240 The name stems from the Greek word "arche", which means "source of action"—the same word that inspired the name of their son.241 Archewell was registered in the United States.242 Its website was officially launched in October 2020.243

Public image and style

Between 2010 and 2012, Markle anonymously ran the blog The Working Actress, which detailed the "pitfalls and triumphs of struggling to make it in Hollywood".244 In 2014, she founded her own lifestyle blog The Tig, which posted articles about food, fashion, beauty, travel, and inspirational women.245 The viewing audience consisted primarily of the fans of Markle and Suits. Promotion of the blog on other social media platforms targeted three million followers on Instagram, 800,000 on Facebook and 350,000 on Twitter.246 In April 2017, The Tig closed. In January 2018, she took all articles offline and deleted her social media accounts.247 It is estimated that Markle's social media activities annually earned her about $80,000 from endorsements and sponsorships.248 She rejoined Instagram in January 2025.249 She was also known for socializing at Soho House.250

Markle became known through The Tig for her fashion sense,251 releasing two fashion collections with Canadian clothing company Reitmans in 2015 and 2016.252 The lines were based on her personal style and that of her Suits character.253 Markle has cited Emmanuelle Alt as her style inspiration.254255 In 2016, she hosted USA Network's video series Power Lunch with Meghan Markle in collaboration with Lexus and Eater, discussing the culinary inspirations of five different New York kitchens.256

In 2015, Markle visited Malta after discovering an ancestor had been born there. Her trip was documented by Elle UK.257258 She was featured in the cover story for the October 2017 issue of Vanity Fair and the December 2017 issue of Elle France.259260 Shortly after her engagement to Prince Harry in 2017, she caused a surge of interest in Scottish retailer Strathberry after carrying one of its handbags to a public event.261262 This was reported as an indication that her fashion choices would produce results similar to the Kate Middleton effect.263264 After Markle and Prince Harry's first appearance as a couple, brands Mackage, Birks, R&R Jewelers, Crown Jewelers, and Everlane noted an upswing in their website hits and sales.265266267 It was speculated that Markle's effect would be broader internationally because she already had a strong American appeal.268 Consequently, the United States saw a boost in yellow gold jewelry sales in the first quarter of 2018.269

In 2018, Tatler included Meghan with other senior royal women on its list of Britain's best dressed people.270 Following the announcement of her pregnancy, she appeared in a Karen Gee dress that resulted in the Australian designer's website crashing.271 Fashion website Net-a-Porter ranked Meghan as one of the best dressed women in 2018.272 She was nominated for the 2018 Teen Choice Awards in the category Choice Style Icon.273 In 2019, British brand Reiss reported a growth in profits after Meghan was seen wearing a mini dress by them on International Women's Day.274 In 2022, the black Armani dress worn by Meghan during her Oprah interview was selected by the Fashion Museum, Bath, as Dress of the Year 2021.275 In the same year, she was featured in the cover story for the 2022 Fall Fashion issue of The Cut.276 There was controversy over her claim in the interview that she had been told at the premiere of The Lion King that her marriage resulted in rejoicing in South Africa similar to that seen at Nelson Mandela's release from prison in 1990.277

In 2018, Time selected Meghan as one of the 100 Most Influential People in the World278 and placed her on its shortlist for Person of the Year.279 Her name appeared again on the listicle in 2021, and she and her husband were featured on one of the magazine's seven worldwide covers.280 In 2019, the magazine named Meghan and Prince Harry among the 25 Most Influential People on the Internet.281 She was also chosen as one of the 25 most influential women in the United Kingdom by British Vogue magazine in 2018, 2019, and 2021.282283284 Her influence was also recognized in both the 2019 and 2020 editions of Powerlist, the 100 most influential Britons of African and Afro-Caribbean descent.285 In 2022, she was named as one of the 50 Women Changing the World over the past year by Worth magazine.286 In the same year, Variety named her as a stellar honoree for its Power of Women issue,287288 and Financial Times included her on its list of "25 most influential women of 2022".289 In December 2022, Meghan was found to be the second most disliked member of the British royal family by statistics and polling company YouGov, behind her husband's uncle Prince Andrew.290 In March 2023, The Independent included her on its "Influence List 2023".291 Meghan and Harry's exit from the royal family was satirized in a 2023 episode of South Park.292 In the same year, James Hibberd of The Hollywood Reporter named Meghan and Harry among the Hollywood losers of 2023.293

Following Meghan and Harry's trip to Nigeria in May 2024, Lucia Stein of the ABC argued that the couple could have been used by the royal family, and added that "perhaps how helpful they would have been" had an agreement on a "hybrid working model" been achieved.294 Among other things, she noted Meghan's style and meetings were extensively covered internationally.295

Privacy and the media

Court cases

Associated Newspapers Limited

In November 2016, the MailOnline was criticized for running an article on Markle's family background titled "(Almost) Straight Outta Compton", which triggered a response from Prince Harry's communications secretary.296 Between 2019 and 2020, Meghan and Harry contributed to the book Finding Freedom through a third-party source.297 Despite initially denying their involvement with the book,298 their contributions to the book became apparent during her court case against Associated Newspapers who were trying to use the book in their defense.299300 In October 2019, Meghan filed a lawsuit against Associated Newspapers Limited (ANL), the publisher of The Mail on Sunday and MailOnline over the publication of a letter she had sent to her father.301302 Thomas Markle Sr. had provided the publisher with excerpts of the letter after five of his daughter's friends referenced it in a People article.303304305 She subsequently received support from more than 70 female MPs from different parties who in an open letter condemned the use of "outdated, colonial undertones" against her in some national media outlets.306 In May 2020, the court dismissed claims of the tabloid's alleged dishonesty and malice, as they were deemed either vague or irrelevant to the case.307 In February 2021, the High Court of Justice found in a summary judgment that ANL's Mail on Sunday had invaded Meghan's privacy by publishing the letter,308 and she won her claim for "misuse of private information and copyright infringement" in May 2021.309 She was given a £450,000 down payment on her £1.5 million legal fees as an interim payment, and pursuant to copyright law, her legal team asked for a front-page statement by The Mail on Sunday and MailOnline to acknowledge her legal victory.310

An appeal was subsequently launched by ANL in November 2021.311 In December 2021, three senior appeal judges upheld the judgement of the High Court against ANL, prompting Meghan to call for reform of the tabloid industry.312 In the same month, ANL's The Mail on Sunday and MailOnline published a front-page statement on Boxing Day acknowledging Meghan's victory, adding that there had been an agreement on "financial remedies".313 In addition to covering a portion of Meghan's legal costs, the outlet agreed to pay her £1 in damages for invading her privacy and a confidential sum for infringing her copyright.314 They were also banned from naming Meghan's friends, who had spoken to People magazine about the letter in 2018.315

Other cases and complaints

In November 2016, The Sun ran the headline "Harry girl's on Pornhub".316 The outlet denied any smear after it was revealed that the clips were illegally uploaded scenes from the TV series Suits and not pornographic material.317 They subsequently apologized via an official statement in February 2017.318 In February 2018, a letter containing white powder and a racist note addressing Markle was sent to St James's Palace, triggering counter-terrorism and hate crime investigations by Scotland Yard.319 Meghan and Harry obtained a formal apology in May 2019 from Splash News for privacy invasion at their Cotswolds residence.320321 In December 2019, PA Media retracted the publishing of a Christmas card photograph of Meghan, Harry, and their son Archie. The agency said that the photo was retracted because they had been advised that the photograph was "not representative of the Christmas card sent by the Duke and Duchess of Sussex".322 The couple had a legal warning issued to the press in general in January 2020 after the publication of paparazzi photographs.323 In March 2020, the couple took Splash UK to court after Meghan and her son were photographed without permission in Canada during a "private family outing". The case was settled later that year with Splash UK agreeing to no longer take unauthorized photos of the family.324 The Duke and Duchess announced in April that they would no longer cooperate with the Daily Mail, The Sun, Daily Mirror and Daily Express.325 They won an apology in October from American news agency X17 for taking photographs of their son at their home using drones.326

In March 2021, ITV News reported Meghan had complained directly to ITV's CEO about Piers Morgan's comments on mental health following her interview with Oprah Winfrey.327 Ofcom received over 57,000 complaints about the program including one from the Duchess of Sussex.328329 In the same month, it was reported that an American private investigator unlawfully handed over personal details about Meghan to The Sun, including her Social Security number, cell phone number and address, when she first started dating Prince Harry in 2016. Meghan and her husband condemned the "predatory practices" of the British tabloids, while The Sun stated that the investigator "was instructed clearly in writing to act lawfully", and they did not "use the information he provided for any unlawful practice".330

In July 2021, Meghan filed legal complaints against The Times for two separate articles, with the first one covering an unproven allegation from Robert Lacey's book that she had left an engagement in Fiji for not being appointed by UN Women as a goodwill ambassador and the second one claiming that the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge had refused to talk to Prince Harry after Prince Philip's funeral due to fears of a potential leak.331332 In January 2022, the couple jointly filed a legal complaint against The Times for an article reporting on Archewell raising less than $50,000 in 2020.333 In the same month, she complained to the BBC regarding their five-part podcast Harry, Meghan and the Media, in which the presenter Amol Rajan stated that Meghan had "apologized for misleading" the Court of Appeal in her case against the Mail on Sunday.334335 The BBC responded by issuing a statement on its "corrections and clarifications" website to emphasize that she had "apologized to the court for not remembering email exchanges".336

In March 2022, Meghan's half-sister, Samantha Markle, filed a defamation lawsuit against her in Florida, accusing her of lying in the Oprah interview and disseminating false statements via her communications secretary for the book Finding Freedom and sought damages in excess of $75,000.337338 In June 2022, Meghan's initial motion to dismiss the case was rejected by a judge following amendments made by Samantha in her complaint.339 She filed a second motion in the same month.340341 In addition to applying for the case to be dismissed, Meghan's lawyer also applied for the discovery process to be delayed, pending the outcome of the dismissal application.342 A Florida judge later denied the application to halt the discovery process,343 but dismissed the lawsuit in March 2023.344 In April 2023, Samantha refiled the lawsuit with another amended complaint that covered statements made by Meghan in her Netflix docuseries as well.345 The lawsuit was later dismissed with prejudice in March 2024, after a judge ruled that the claimant was unable to provide evidence of defamation.346 Samantha later appealed the decision.347

Between December 2022 and January 2023, more than 25,000 complaints were submitted to the Independent Press Standards Organisation (IPSO) about a column by Jeremy Clarkson in The Sun,348 in which he stated that he hated Meghan "on a cellular level" and dreamed "of the day when she is made to parade naked through the streets of every town in Britain while the crowds chant, 'Shame!' and throw lumps of excrement at her."349 On December 20, 2022, Conservative MP Caroline Nokes wrote to The Sun's editor, Victoria Newton, calling for "action [to be] taken" against Clarkson. The letter was signed by more than 60 cross-party MPs.350 On December 23, The Sun issued an apology, stating "columnists' opinions are their own" but they "regret the publication of this article" and are "sincerely sorry".351 On the following day, a spokesperson for the Duke and Duchess of Sussex described the apology as "nothing more than a PR stunt".352 Clarkson said his column was a reference to a scene from the television series Game of Thrones and he later revealed that he had emailed Meghan and Harry on Christmas Day 2022 to apologise.353354 A spokesperson for the couple said Clarkson wrote solely to Harry and the article was not an isolated incident.355 In February 2023, IPSO announced that it was launching an investigation about the article.356 In June 2023, IPSO concluded that the column was sexist and contained a "pejorative and prejudicial reference" to Meghan's sex, but it rejected complaints that the piece raised an issue of fact, or was meant to harass her or included discriminatory references on the grounds of race.357

Bullying allegations and Oprah interview

In 2021, shortly before Meghan and Harry were due to be interviewed by Oprah Winfrey, Valentine Low reported in The Times that Meghan's former communications secretary, Jason Knauf, complained in October 2018 that her conduct at Kensington Palace had caused two personal assistants to quit and had undermined the confidence of a third employee,358 prompting an investigation by Buckingham Palace into the bullying allegations.359360 The palace hired an external law firm to examine the claims, with ten aides reported to have cooperated with the review.361362 Criticism of Meghan for twice wearing earrings gifted from Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman in 2018, after he was accused of complicity in the assassination of Jamal Khashoggi, appeared at the same time.363364365 Her representatives denied her awareness of the accusations against Mohammed bin Salman and said The Times was being used by Buckingham Palace for "a smear campaign" against her.366367

The television special Oprah with Meghan and Harry was broadcast on CBS on March 7, 2021.368 Meghan spoke about her personal and royal life and public pressure. She claimed to have been contemplating suicide during her time as a working royal and complained of a lack of protection for her and her son while being part of the royal institution.369 There was a wide and polarized reaction to the interview.370

In an updated epilogue for the couple's unauthorized biography, Finding Freedom by Omid Scobie and Carolyn Durand, the authors claimed that "two of the individuals mentioned in [Knauf's] email asked for any allegations made to HR about their experiences with Meghan to be rescinded".371 Speaking on behalf of the Duchess in a BBC documentary, Jenny Afia, a lawyer who represented Meghan in her case against ANL, stated that the bullying allegations were "just not true".372 In June 2022, The Times reported that the results from the inquiry made Buckingham Palace modify some of the policies and procedures in its HR department, but the report would not be published to ensure the privacy of those who took part in it.373 In September 2024 The Hollywood Reporter reported on complaints raised by American staff members about Meghan's behavior. Her spokesperson declined to comment.374 In January 2025 Vanity Fair, who spoke with Meghan's employees, reported on their descriptions of her varying from "lovely, genuine person" to "cold and withholding", adding that a staff member with ties to Archetypes took a leave of absence while a number of others talked about quitting their jobs, taking long absences from work to avoid attention, or going through long-term therapy after working with her.375

On Twitter and other platforms

In March 2019, European consulting firm 89up reported on their discovery of 1,103 highly connected Twitter accounts with more than two and a half million tweets in favor of Meghan, most of which appeared to be bots carrying out "coordinated attacks" on royal correspondents who had reported negatively on her.376377 In the same year, CNN had reported on research by Hope not Hate, stating that out of 5,200 "abusive tweets directed at Meghan" in January and February 2019, 3,600 came from a small group of trolls.378 In March 2019, the royal family introduced new rules for followers commenting on its official social media accounts in response to the online abuse aimed at Meghan and her sister-in-law Catherine.379

In October 2021, Twitter analytics service Bot Sentinel alleged they found 83 accounts with a combined number of 187,631 followers that were possibly responsible for approximately 70% of the negative content posted about Meghan and Harry.380381382 The report prompted an investigation by Twitter.383 The company stated that it found no evidence of "widespread coordination" between the accounts and said that it had taken action against users who violated Twitter's conduct policy.384 Bot Sentinel released three more reports in the following months.385386387

In January 2022, the BBC named Meghan and Harry among people whose photos and videos were used in fake instant profits advertisements and bitcoin-related investment schemes.388

Among theories widespread on social media, including Twitter and YouTube, were unfounded assertions that Meghan had faked her pregnancies, instead using surrogate mother(s), or that her children do not exist at all.389390391 Meghan's half-sister, Samantha, was reported to have run multiple Twitter accounts that targeted Meghan.392393

Titles, styles and arms

Meghan became a princess of the United Kingdom upon her marriage to Prince Harry, entitled to the style of Royal Highness.394 After her marriage, she was styled "Her Royal Highness The Duchess of Sussex". She also holds the titles of Countess of Dumbarton and Baroness Kilkeel.395 She is the first person to hold the title "Duchess of Sussex".396397

Following the Duke and Duchess's decision to step back from royal duties in 2020, the couple agreed not to use the style of Royal Highness in practice or publicly, but they are still referred to as "His/Her Royal Highness" in legal and private settings.398399400401402

During Meghan's trip to Nigeria in May 2024, Igwe Alfred Achebe, the Obi of Onitsha, and Oba Abdulrosheed Akanbi, the Oluwo of Iwo, gave her the chieftaincy titles Ada Mazi (transl. 'the daughter of the Igbo ancestral palace') and Adetokunbo (transl. 'royalty from across the seas').403

Coat of arms of the Duchess of Sussex
NotesThe Duchess bears the arms of her husband impaled with her own. Thomas Woodcock, Garter King of Arms, the senior officer of the College of Arms, helped the Duchess with the design, which was approved by the Queen.404405AdoptedMay 25, 2018CoronetCoronet of a child of the sovereign.406EscutcheonQuarterly 1st and 4th Gules three lions passant guardant in pale Or armed and langed Azure (England), 2nd Or a lion rampant Gules armed and langued Azure within a double tressure flory counterflory (Scotland), 3rd Azure a harp Or stringed Argent (Ireland), the whole differenced by a label of three points Argent, each point charged with an escallop Gules (Prince Harry); Impaled with a shield Azure a feather bendwise Argent quilled Or between two bendlets Or all between two like feathers Argent quilled Or (Markle).407SupportersOn the dexter side the lion used as a supporter by the Duke of Sussex and to the sinister a songbird Argent wings spread, unguled Or and gorged with the coronet of the Duke of Sussex.CompartmentBelow the shield, a mount of grass with golden poppies and wintersweet in flower.SymbolismThe blue background of the shield represents the Pacific Ocean off the California coast, while the two golden rays across the shield are symbolic of the sunshine of the Duchess's home state. The three quills represent communication and the power of words. Beneath the shield on the grass sits a collection of golden poppies, California's state flower and wintersweet, which grows at Kensington Palace. The songbird with wings elevated as if flying and an open beak represents the power of communication.408409Previous versionsArms between 2018 and 2022

Filmography

Television

YearTitleRoleNotes
1995Married... with ChildrenStudent1 episode "The Undergraduate" (season 9: episode 26); uncredited
2001General HospitalJill2 episodes410
2004Century CityNatasha1 episode "A Mind is a Terrible Thing to Lose" (season 1: episode 4)
2005CutsCori1 episode "My Boyfriend's Back" (season 1: episode 5)
Love, Inc.Teresa Santos1 episode "One on One" (season 1: episode 9)
20061 vs. 100Herself1 episode "Mob member number 7" (Episode 101)
The War at HomeSusan1 episode "The Seventeen-Year Itch" (season 1: episode 17)
DeceitGwenTelevision movie
CSI: NYVeronica Perez1 episode "Murder Sings the Blues" (season 3: episode 7)
2006–2007Deal or No DealHerselfHolder of Case #24; 34 episodes411
200890210Wendy1 episode "We're Not in Kansas Anymore" (season 1: episode 1)"The Jet Set" (season 1: episode 2)
'Til DeathTara1 episode "Joy Ride" (season 3: episode 2)
The ApostlesKelly CalhounTelevision movie
Good BehaviorSadie ValenciaTelevision movie
2009Knight RiderAnnie Ortiz1 episode "Fight Knight" (season 1: episode 14)
Without a TraceHolly Shepard1 episode "Chameleon" (season 7: episode 15)
FringeJunior FBI Agent Amy Jessup2 episodes "A New Day in the Old Town" (season 2: episode 1)"Night of Desirable Objects" (season 2: episode 2)
The LeagueMeghan1 episode "The Bounce Test" (season 1: episode 2)
2010CSI: MiamiOfficer Leah Montoya1 episode "Backfire" (season 8: episode 20)
The Boys & Girls Guide to Getting DownDanaTelevision movie
2011–2018SuitsRachel ZaneSeries regular (seasons 1–7), 108 episodes(Markle's final scene was filmed in 2017)
2012CastleCharlotte Boyd / Sleeping Beauty1 episode "Once Upon a Crime" (season 4: episode 17)
2014When Sparks FlyAmy PetersonHallmark Channel television movies
2016Dater's HandbookCassandra Brand
2018Queen of the WorldHerselfHBO documentary
2019Harry & Meghan: An African JourneyITV documentary
2021Oprah with Meghan and HarryCBS Special interview
2022Harry & MeghanNetflix series
Live to Lead
2023Heart of Invictus
2024Polo
2025With Love, Meghan

Film

YearTitleRoleNotes
2005A Lot like LoveNatalie "Hot Girl"Cameo
2010Remember MeMegan
Get Him to the GreekTatianaUncredited
The CandidateKatShort film
2011Horrible BossesJamie
2012Dysfunctional FriendsTerry
2013Random EncountersMindyBritish title: A Random Encounter
2015Anti-SocialKirsten
2020ElephantNarratorDisneynature film; credit: Meghan, The Duchess of Sussex412

Bibliography

Books

  • Markle, Meghan (1996). A Face without Freckles... Is a Night without Stars.
  • HRH The Duchess of Sussex, "Foreword", in: The Hubb Community Kitchen (2018). Together: Our Community Cookbook. Ebury Press. ISBN 978-1529102925. OCLC 1055685147. Archived from the original on June 25, 2022. Retrieved September 22, 2018.
  • Meghan, The Duchess of Sussex (2021). The Bench. Illustrated by Christian Robinson. Random House Children's Books. ISBN 978-0593434512.

Authored articles and letters

Further reading

References

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  2. "Meghan Markle and Prince Harry: a timeline of how their lives collided". The Sunday Times. May 20, 2018. Archived from the original on November 20, 2021. Retrieved December 16, 2020. https://www.thetimes.com/article/meghan-markle-and-prince-harry-a-timeline-of-how-their-lives-collided-hz7mbkd29 ↩

  3. Tauber, Michelle (February 6, 2019). "The truth about Meghan Markle's dad — and the letter she wrote him after the wedding". People. Archived from the original on November 12, 2021. Retrieved November 12, 2021. https://people.com/royals/meghan-markle-dad-thomas-markle-letter-after-wedding/ ↩

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