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Bruce Dern
American actor

Bruce MacLeish Dern (born June 4, 1936) is an acclaimed American actor known for his award-winning performances, including the Cannes Film Festival Award for Best Actor and Silver Bear for Best Actor. He earned Academy Award nominations for Coming Home (Best Supporting Actor) and Nebraska (Best Actor). A member of the Actors Studio, Dern rose to prominence during the New Hollywood era with notable roles in films like The Trip and They Shoot Horses, Don't They?, and appeared in numerous films through 2020. He also portrayed Frank Harlow in the HBO series Big Love. He is the father of actress Laura Dern.

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Early life

Dern was born in Chicago on June 4, 1936, the son of Jean (née MacLeish; 1908–1972) and John Dern (1903–1958), a utility chief and attorney.3456 He grew up in Kenilworth, Illinois.7 His paternal grandfather, George Dern, was a Utah governor and Secretary of War (he was serving in the latter position during the time of Bruce's birth). Dern's maternal grandfather was a Vice President of the Carson, Pirie and Scott stores,89 which were established by his own father, Scottish-born businessman Andrew MacLeish. Dern's maternal granduncles were poet Archibald MacLeish and Naval aviator Kenneth MacLeish. His godfather was governor and two-time presidential nominee Adlai Stevenson II.10 Dern graduated from New Trier High School, where he was a track star and sought to qualify for the Olympic Trials in 1956. Dern attended the University of Pennsylvania, but dropped out after two years.11

Career

Dern studied at the Actors Studio, alongside Elia Kazan and Lee Strasberg. He starred with Lyle Kessler in the Philadelphia premiere of Samuel Beckett's Waiting for Godot, and starred with Paul Newman and Geraldine Page in the original Broadway run of Tennessee Williams' Sweet Bird of Youth.

In the 1960s, Dern played the sailor in a few flashbacks in Marnie and a murdered lover in Hush...Hush, Sweet Charlotte. He played a murderous rustler in Hang 'Em High, a gunfighter in Support Your Local Sheriff!, and an impoverished farmer in the film adaptation of Horace McCoy's novel They Shoot Horses, Don't They?.

In Mark Rydell's western film The Cowboys, he played a cattle thief who kills a rancher (John Wayne). Dern had a leading role in the ecological science-fiction film Silent Running and co-starred with Jack Nicholson in The King of Marvin Gardens. Dern played Tom Buchanan in the film adaptation of F. Scott Fitzgerald's novel The Great Gatsby (1974). In Kirk Douglas' Revisionist Western film Posse, Dern played a train-robber who uses his wiles to turn the tables on his captor, an ambitious, politically minded marshal. Dern starred in the beauty pageant satire film Smile, and in Alfred Hitchcock's final film Family Plot. He played a detective on the trail of a getaway driver (Ryan O'Neal) in the neo-noir film The Driver. In John Frankenheimer's thriller film Black Sunday, Dern played a vengeful Vietnam War veteran and Goodyear Blimp pilot who launches a massive terrorist attack at the Super Bowl. Dern played another Vietnam veteran and the disturbed husband of a perplexed woman (Jane Fonda) in Hal Ashby's war film Coming Home, and was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor.

In Bob Brooks' erotic thriller film Tattoo, Dern played an increasingly-deranged tattoo artist who imprisons a fashion model (Maud Adams). The film was dogged by controversy throughout its post-production and pre-release phase - the film's release was delayed by nearly a year - and for his lead performance, Dern was nominated for the Golden Raspberry Award for Worst Actor. However, he bounced back by winning the Silver Bear for Best Actor at the 33rd Berlin International Film Festival for his performance in Jason Miller's That Championship Season (1982).12

Over the next few decades, Dern played a Vietnam veteran and neighborhood survivalist in Joe Dante's suburban satire The 'Burbs, a local crime boss in Michael Ritchie's Diggstown, a rival of Wild Bill Hickok in Walter Hill's Wild Bill, and George Spahn in Quentin Tarantino's Once Upon a Time in Hollywood. Dern's autobiography, Things I've Said, But Probably Shouldn't Have: An Unrepentant Memoir, was published in 2007.

In Alexander Payne's film Nebraska, Dern played a resident believing he has won a million dollars, and undertakes a road trip from Billings, Montana to Lincoln, Nebraska to get the prize. He won the Best Actor Award at the 2013 Cannes Film Festival and was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actor.1314

Directors and craft

In the course of his long and prolific career, Dern collaborated with film directors, including Walter Hill (The Driver, Wild Bill and Last Man Standing), Joe Dante (The 'Burbs, Small Soldiers and The Hole), and Quentin Tarantino (Django Unchained, The Hateful Eight and Once Upon a Time in Hollywood). In an interview for The A.V. Club, Dern said: "I always say that I feel like I've worked for six geniuses in my career... And the six directors, not in any order, would be Mr. Kazan, Mr. Hitchcock, Douglas Trumbull, Alexander Payne, Quentin Tarantino, and Francis Coppola."15 In an interview with Josh Olson and Joe Dante for the podcast series The Movies That Made Me, and while discussing his career, Dern cited the films of David Lean (specifically, Lawrence of Arabia, Great Expectations and The Bridge on the River Kwai), as among the films that inspired him.16 When asked if he has ever contemplated retirement, Dern said: "If you think I'm gonna retire so Jimmy fucking Caan can get another part from me, you're dead wrong. Because I'm gonna go till I'm 100. My goal is to do stuff with older characters that people never got the chance to do, because they never lived long enough... And because I don't have anything else I can do."17[unreliable source]

Personal life

Dern was married to Marie Dawn Pierce from 1957 to 1959.18 He married Diane Ladd in 1960. Their first daughter died from head injuries after falling into a swimming pool in 1962.19 The couple's second daughter is actress Laura Dern. After his divorce from Ladd, Dern married Andrea Beckett in 1969, and they have stayed married.20

Filmography

Key
Denotes works that have not yet been released

Film

YearTitleRoleNotes
1960Wild RiverJack RoperUncredited
1962The CrimebustersJoe Krajac
1964MarnieSailor
Hush...Hush, Sweet CharlotteJohn Mayhew
1966The Wild AngelsJoe "Loser" Kearns
1967The War WagonHammond
The St. Valentine's Day MassacreJohn May
The TripJohn
Waterhole No. 3Deputy Sam Tippen
Will PennyRafe Quint
1968Psych-OutSteve Davis
Hang 'Em HighMiller
1969Support Your Local Sheriff!Joe Danby
Castle KeepLt. Billy Byron Bix
Number OneRichie Fowler
The Cycle SavagesKeeg
They Shoot Horses, Don't They?James Bates
1970Bloody MamaKevin Dirkman
The Rebel RousersJ.J. Weston
1971The Incredible 2-Headed TransplantDr. Roger Girard
Drive, He SaidCoach Bullion
1972The CowboysAsa Watts (Long Hair)
Silent RunningFreeman Lowell
Thumb TrippingSmitty
The King of Marvin GardensJason Staebler
1973Pat Garrett and Billy the KidDeputyUncredited
The Laughing PolicemanLeo Larsen
1974The Great GatsbyTom Buchanan
1975PosseJack Strawhorn
SmileBig Bob Freelander
1976Family PlotGeorge Lumley
Won Ton Ton, the Dog Who Saved HollywoodGrayson Potchuck
The TwistWilliam Brandels
1977Black SundayMichael Lander
1978Coming HomeCaptain Bob Hyde
The DriverThe Detective
1980Middle Age CrazyBobby Lee Burnett
1981TattooKarl Kinsky
1982That Championship SeasonGeorge Sitkowski
Harry Tracy, DesperadoHarry Tracy
1986On the EdgeWes Holman
1987The Big TownMr. Edwards
World Gone WildEthan
19881969Cliff Denny
1989The 'BurbsMark Rumsfield
1990After Dark, My SweetGarrett "Uncle Bud" Stoker
1992DiggstownJohn Gillon
1995Wild BillWill Plummer
1996Down PeriscopeAdmiral Yancy Graham
Mulholland FallsThe ChiefUncredited
Last Man StandingSheriff Ed Galt
1998Small SoldiersLink Static (Voice)
1999The HauntingMr. Dudley
If... Dog... Rabbit...McGurdy
2000All the Pretty HorsesThe Judge
2001The Glass HouseAlvin Begleiter
2003Masked and AnonymousEditor
Milwaukee, MinnesotaSean McNally
MonsterThomas
2005MadisonHarry Volpi
Down in the ValleyCharlie
2006Believe in MeEllis Brawley
Walker PayneChester
The Astronaut FarmerHal
The Hard EasyGene
2007The Cake EatersEasy Kimbrough
The Death and Life of Bobby ZHippy NarratorUncredited
2008Swamp DevilHoward Blame
The Golden BoysCaptain Perez Ryder
2009American CowslipCliff
The Hole 3DCreepy Carl
The LightkeepersBennie
2010TrimDale Banks
2011ChooseDr. Ronald Pendleton
Inside OutVic Small
TwixtBobby LaGrange
2012From Up on Poppy HillYoshio Onodera (voice)English dub
Hitting the CycleJames
Django UnchainedCurtis Carrucan
2013Coffin BabyVance Henrickson
Northern BordersAustin Kittredge Sr.
NebraskaWoody Grant
Fighting for FreedomChristian Dobbe
2014Cut BankGeorgie Wits
2015The Hateful EightGeneral Sanford Smithers
2017American ViolenceRichard Morton
Class RankOswald Flannigan
The LearsDavenport Lear
HickokDoc Rivers O'Roark
Our Souls at NightDorlan Becker
ChappaquiddickJoseph P. Kennedy Sr.
2018NostalgiaRonnie Ashemore
White Boy RickRay Wershe
FreaksAlan/Mr. Snowcone
Warning ShotCalvin
American DresserKing
Lez BombGrandpa
2019The MustangMyles
The Peanut Butter FalconCarl
Once Upon a Time in HollywoodGeorge Spahn
Remember MeClaude
Swing Low (subsequently titled Ravage)Mallinckroft
Inherit the ViperClay Carter
QT8: The First EightHimselfDocumentary21
The Artist's Wife22Richard Smythson
Badland23Reginald Cooke
2020EmperorLevi Coffin
Death in TexasReynolds
2021Last CallCoach Finnegan
Buck AlamoDeath
OverrunArkadi Dubkova
The GatewayMarcus
Hands That BindHank
Christmas vs. the WaltersCliff Walters
Last Shoot OutBlair Callahan
2022The HaterFrank
HellblazersBill Unger
Mid-CenturyEmil Larson
The Most Dangerous GameWhitney Tyler
2023The WeaponDoris
Butch Cassidy and the Wild BunchMike Cassidy
Accidental TexanScheermeyer
Butch vs. SundanceMike Cassidy
Hunting GamesHenry
Old DadsRichie Jacobs
2024Bloodline KillerDr. Lucien
2025ReminiscePapa JoePost-production
The Devil's TrapTBA
FeatheredRock

Television

YearTitleRoleNotes
1960Route 66AlbertSeason 1 Episode 4: "The Man on the Monkey Board"
1961Naked CityNickySeason 2 Episode 10: "Bullets Cost Too Much"
HollisSeason 2 Episode 20: "The Fault in Our Stars" (uncredited)
Sea HuntFBI Agent John FurilloSeason 4 Episode 37: "Crime at Sea"
Surfside 6Johnny PageSeason 2 Episode 4: "Daphne, Girl Detective"
ThrillerJohnny NortonSeason 2 Episode 13: "The Remarkable Mrs. Hawk"
Ben CaseyBilly HarrisSeason 1 Episode 12: "A Dark Night for Billy Harris"
The DetectivesJud TreadwellSeason 3 Episode 12: "Act of God"
Cain's HundredJoe KrajacSeason 1 Episode 1: "Crime and Commitment: Part 1"
1962Cain's HundredEddie LightSeason 1 Episode 29: "The Left Side of Canada"
The Dick Powell ShowDeeringSeason 1 Episode 19: "Squadron"
1962–1963Stoney BurkeE.J. Stocker17 episodes
1963The Dick Powell ShowHank FairbrotherSeason 2 Episode 29: "The Old Man and the City"
Kraft Suspense TheatreMaynardSeason 1 Episode 9: "The Hunt"
The Outer LimitsBen GarthSeason 1 Episode 14: "The Zanti Misfits"
Wagon TrainSeth BancroftSeason 7 Episode 9: "The Eli Bancroft Story"
The FugitiveDeputy MartinSeason 1 Episode 3: "The Other Side of the Mountain"
1964The VirginianPellSeason 2 Episode 20: "First to Thine Own Self"
Lee DarrowSeason 3 Episode 14: "The Payment"
Wagon TrainJud FisherSeason 8 Episode 8: "Those Who Stay Behind"
The FugitiveCharleySeason 1 Episode 17: "Come Watch Me Die"
77 Sunset StripRalph WheelerSeason 6 Episode 15: "Lovers' Lane"
The Greatest Show on EarthVernonSeason 1 Episode 22: "The Last of the Strongmen"
The Alfred Hitchcock HourRoy BullockSeason 2 Episode 15: "Night Caller"
JesseSeason 3 Episode 6: "Lonely Place"
12 O'Clock HighLieutenant MichaelsSeason 1 Episode 1: "Golden Boy Had Nine Black Sheep"
1965Lieutenant DantonSeason 1 Episode 18: "The Lorelei"
Lieutenant MichaelsSeason 1 Episode 27: "The Mission"
Technical Sergeant Frank JonesSeason 2 Episode 13: "The Jones Boys"
The VirginianBert KramerSeason 4 Episode 3: "A Little Learning"
Wagon TrainWilkinsSeason 8 Episode 24: "The Indian Girl Story"
The FugitiveCodySeason 2 Episode 21: "Corner of Hell"
HankSeason 3 Episode 13: "The Good Guys and the Bad Guys"
RawhideEd RankinSeason 8 Episode 4: "Walk into Terror"
LaredoJoe DurkeeSeason 1 Episode 4: "Rendezvous at Arillo"
A Man Called ShenandoahBobby BallantineSeason 1 Episode 7: "The Verdict"
The F.B.I.Private First Class Byron LandySeason 1 Episode 14: "Pound of Flesh"
GunsmokeDoyle PhlegerSeason 11 Episode 4: "Ten Little Indians"
Judd PrintSeason 11 Episode 11: "South Wind"
1966Lou StoneSeason 12 Episode 3: "The Jailer"
The FugitiveHutchSeason 4 Episode 12: "The Devil's Disciples"
BrandedLesSeason 2 Episode 17: "The Wolfers"
The LonerLud GrantSeason 1 Episode 26: "To Hang a Dead Man"
DisneylandTurkSeason 13 Episode 8: "Gallegher Goes West: Crusading Reporter"
Run for Your LifeAlex RyderSeason 2 Episode 9: "The Treasure Seekers"
The Big ValleyJack FolletSeason 1 Episode 20: "Under a Dark Star"
Harry DixonSeason 1 Episode 26: "By Force and Violence"
ClovisSeason 2 Episode 1: "The Lost Treasure"
1967Gabe SkeelsSeason 3 Episode 12: "Four Days to Furnace Hill"
Run for Your LifeAlex RyderSeason 3 Episode 5: "Trip to the Far Side"Season 3 Episode 7: "At the End of the Rainbow There's Another Rainbow"
1968LancerLucas ThatcherSeason 1 Episode 6: "Julie"
The Big ValleyJohn WeaverSeason 4 Episode 11: "The Prize"
The F.B.I.Virgil Roy PhippsSeason 4 Episode 7: "The Nightmare"
BonanzaCully MacoSeason 9 Episode 15: "The Trackers"
1969LancerTom NevillSeason 2 Episode 9: "A Person Unknown"
GunsmokeGuerinSeason 14 Episode 21: "The Long Night"
Then Came BronsonBucky O'NeillSeason 1 Episode 6: "Amid Splinters of the Thunderbolt"
1970BonanzaBaylissSeason 11 Episode 23: "The Gold Mine"
Land of the GiantsThorgSeason 2 Episode 24: "Wild Journey"
The High ChaparralWadeSeason 4 Episode 3: "Only the Bad Come to Sonora"
The ImmortalLuther SeacombeSeason 1 Episode 13: "To the Gods Alone"
1985SpaceStanley Mott5 episodes: "Part I", "Part II", "Part III", "Part IV", "Part V"
ToughloveRob ChartersTelevision film
1987Roses Are for the RichDouglas Osborne
Uncle Tom's CabinAugustine St. Claire
1989Trenchcoat in ParadiseJohn Hollander
1990The Court-Martial of Jackie RobinsonScout Ed Higgins
1991Into the BadlandsT.L. Barston
Carolina SkeletonsJunior Stoker
1993It's Nothing PersonalBilly Archer
1994Dead Man's RevengePayton McCay
Amelia Earhart: The Final FlightGeorge Putnam
1995A Mother's PrayerJohn Walker
Mrs. MunckPatrick Leary
1999Hard Time: The PremonitionWinston
2003King of the HillRandy Strickland (voice)Season 7 Episode 11: "Boxing Luanne"
Hard GroundNate HutchinsonTelevision film
2006–2011Big LoveFrank Harlow29 episodes
2007CSI: NYVetSeason 4 Episode 6: "Boo"
2013Pete's ChristmasGrandpaTelevision film
2016The CowboyHimselfTelevision series documentary, 2 episodes
2019Black MondayRod "The Jammer" JaminskiSeason 1 Episode 5: "243"Season 1 Episode 10: "0"
Mr. MercedesJohn Rothstein8 episodes
2021GoliathFrank Zax8 episodes
2024Palm RoyaleSkeetMiniseriesSeason 1 Episode 4: "Maxine Rolls the Dice"Season 1 Episode 5: "Maxine Shakes the Tree"Season 1 Episode 6: "Maxine Takes a Step"

Video games

YearTitleRole
2020Shadow StalkersThe Director
2020MegaRace: DeathMatchRabies

Awards and nominations

YearTitleAward
1972Drive, He SaidNational Society of Film Critics Award for Best Supporting Actor
1973The CowboysBronze Wrangler for Best Theatrical Motion Picture
1975The Great GatsbyNominated – Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actor – Motion Picture
1979Coming HomeNominated – Academy Award for Best Supporting ActorNominated – Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actor – Motion Picture
1983That Championship SeasonSilver Bear for Best Actor
2009Swamp DevilPhiladelphia Film Festival Jury Prize
2014NebraskaAARP Annual Movies for Grownups Award for Best ActorBoston Society of Film Critics Award for Best CastCannes Film Festival Best Actor AwardDublin Film Critics Circle Award for Best ActorLos Angeles Film Critics Association Award for Best ActorNational Board of Review Award for Best ActorNominated – Academy Award for Best ActorNominated – Alliance of Women Film Journalists Award for Best ActorNominated – Alliance of Women Film Journalists Award for Best Ensemble CastNominated – American Comedy Award for Comedy Actor – FilmNominated – BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Leading RoleNominated – Broadcast Film Critics Association Award for Best ActorNominated – Broadcast Film Critics Association Award for Best CastNominated – Central Ohio Film Critics Association Award for Best EnsembleNominated – Chicago Film Critics Association Award for Best ActorNominated – Dallas–Fort Worth Film Critics Association Award for Best Actor Nominated – Gold Derby Award for Best ActorNominated – Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Musical or ComedyNominated – Guardian Film Award for Best ActorNominated – Houston Film Critics Society Award for Best ActorNominated – Independent Spirit Award for Best Male LeadNominated – London Film Critics Circle Award for Actor of the YearNominated – San Francisco Film Critics Circle Award for Best ActorNominated – Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Leading RoleNominated – St. Louis Gateway Film Critics Association Award for Best ActorNominated – Satellite Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture
2019FreaksBest Actor at Horrorant International Film Festival24

References

  1. "Awards - Best Actor Award". Festival De Cannes. May 26, 2013. Archived from the original on September 8, 2021. https://www.festival-cannes.com/en/73-editions/retrospective/2013/actualites/articles/awards-best-actor-award

  2. "Actor Bruce Dern | Interviews | Tavis Smiley". PBS. January 15, 2014. Retrieved May 29, 2016. https://www.pbs.org/wnet/tavissmiley/interviews/bruce-dern/

  3. Dern, Bruce; Fryer, Christopher; Crane, Robert (November 18, 2014). Bruce Dern: A Memoir. University Press of Kentucky. ISBN 978-0813147130.He died the week I was born in 1936. and And I say, "Yeah, I like it. I'll do it. What else do I need to know?""Nothing," Krofft says. "You show up June sixth.""That's two days after my birthday." 978-0813147130

  4. Current Biography Yearbook. H. W. Wilson Company. 1979. p. 102.Dern, BruceJune 4, 1936- Actor.

  5. "Bruce Dern Biography (1936-)". www.filmreference.com. http://www.filmreference.com/film/49/Bruce-Dern.html

  6. "John Dern, 54, Utility Chief, Attorney, Dies". Archived from the original on January 31, 2013. https://archive.today/20130131153933/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/chicagotribune/access/519465132.html?dids=519465132:519465132&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:AI&type=historic&date=May+23,+1958&author=&pub=Chicago+Tribune&desc=JOHN+DERN,+54,+UTILITY+CHIEF,+ATTORNEY,+DIES&pqatl=google

  7. "Bruce Dern accepts Career Achievement Award at the Chicago Intern - Time Out Chicago". Archived from the original on December 3, 2013. Retrieved November 30, 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20131203021933/http://www.timeoutchicago.com/arts-culture/film/16460606/bruce-dern-accepts-career-achievement-award-at-the-chicago-international-

  8. "New Again: Bruce Dern – Page". Interview Magazine. October 2, 2013. Retrieved May 29, 2016. http://www.interviewmagazine.com/film/new-again-bruce-dern

  9. Borrelli, Christopher (November 11, 2013). "Bruce Dern's long run to 'Nebraska'". Chicago Tribune. https://www.chicagotribune.com/entertainment/ct-xpm-2013-11-11-chi-bruce-dern-nebraska-20131109-story.html

  10. "Bruce Dern shows a dangerous streak in 'Big Love'". Los Angeles Times. January 13, 2010. https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2010-jan-13-la-et-classic-hollywood13-2010jan13-story.html

  11. Borrelli, Christopher (November 11, 2013). "Bruce Dern's long run to 'Nebraska'". Chicago Tribune. https://www.chicagotribune.com/entertainment/ct-xpm-2013-11-11-chi-bruce-dern-nebraska-20131109-story.html

  12. "Berlinale: 1983 Prize Winners". berlinale.de. Retrieved November 20, 2010. http://www.berlinale.de/en/archiv/jahresarchive/1983/03_preistr_ger_1983/03_Preistraeger_1983.html

  13. "Cannes Film Festival: Awards 2013". Cannes. May 26, 2013. Retrieved May 26, 2013. http://www.festival-cannes.fr/en/archives/2013/awardCompetition.html

  14. "Cannes: Lesbian Drama 'Blue Is the Warmest Color' Wins Palme d'Or". The Wrap. Archived from the original on October 30, 2013. Retrieved May 26, 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20131030013306/http://www.thewrap.com/movies/cannes-awards-blue-is-the-warmest-color-palme-d%27or-lesbian

  15. "Bruce Dern traces his career progression from "fifth cowboy from the right" to American icon". The A.V. Club. November 21, 2017. Retrieved May 1, 2021. https://www.avclub.com/bruce-dern-traces-his-career-progression-from-fifth-co-1820481651

  16. "The Movies That Made Me season 4 episode 11: Bruce Dern". Trailers from Hell. Retrieved May 1, 2021. https://trailersfromhell.com/podcast/bruce-dern/

  17. "Bruce Dern on meeting 'fragile' Marilyn Monroe and why he won't retire". New York Post. September 5, 2019. Retrieved May 1, 2021. https://nypost.com/2019/09/05/bruce-dern-on-meeting-fragile-marilyn-monroe-and-why-he-wont-retire/

  18. Gordon, Roger L. (2018). Supporting Actors in Motion Pictures. Vol. 2. Dorrance Publishing. p. 160. ISBN 978-1480958418. Retrieved February 10, 2020. 978-1480958418

  19. "Diane Ladd". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved February 10, 2020. Diane died at just 18 months after she sustained a head injury from falling into a swimming pool. http://projects.latimes.com/hollywood/star-walk/diane-ladd/

  20. "Actor nominated for Oscar married in Carson City". Reno Gazette Journal. https://www.rgj.com/story/news/2014/02/18/actor-nominated-for-oscar-married-in-carson-city-/5556775/

  21. McNary, Dave (February 13, 2019). "Director Reclaims Rights to Documentary '21 Years: Quentin Tarantino' (EXCLUSIVE)". Variety. Retrieved January 14, 2020. https://variety.com/2019/film/news/21-years-quentin-tarantino-director-reclaims-rights-1203137946/

  22. "The Artist's Wife | Celsius Entertainment | London | Film Sales". https://www.celsiusentertainment.com/films/films/the-artists-wife/

  23. Leydon, Joe (October 31, 2019). ""Badland" review". Variety. Retrieved June 8, 2020. https://variety.com/2019/film/reviews/badland-review-1203389975/

  24. "Horrorant 2019: Daniel Robbins' PLEDGE Takes Home Top Prize". May 18, 2019. https://screenanarchy.com/2019/05/horrorant-2019-daniel-robbins-pledge-takes-home-top-prize.html