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Moderate Socialists Party
Political party in Iran

Moderate Socialists or simply Moderates Party (Persian: فرقه اعتدالیون), was a political party in Qajari Persia and one of the two major parties of the constitutional period alongside its parliamentary rival Social Democratic Party–Democrat Party. It was Iran's first right-wing political party.

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Members

The party membership consisted largely of landowners, constitutionalist ulema3 and bazaaris. It espoused the traditional middle-class and landed aristocracy.4 Notable members and supporters were:56

Views

The party claimed to uphold the principles of Islam, proposing military, judicial, and economic reforms, as well as strengthening the constitutional monarchy, convening the Senate, protecting family values, private property, limitation of the work week and wages in accordance with work performed, and prohibition of child labor. It also expressed support for freedom of association and freedom of the press.78

Parliament election results

ElectionSeatsQuota9
Count10±%±
190635 / 156—22.43—Majority partyas Moderates
190974 / 126 3958.73 36.3Majority in coalitionIncluding 38 in coalition
191429 / 115 4525.21 33.52Minority

References

  1. Ettehadieh, Mansoureh (October 28, 2011) [December 15, 1992]. "CONSTITUTIONAL REVOLUTION v. Political parties of the constitutional period". In Yarshater, Ehsan (ed.). Encyclopædia Iranica. Fasc. 2. Vol. VI. New York City: Bibliotheca Persica Press. pp. 199–202. Retrieved September 12, 2016. /wiki/Mansoureh_Ettehadieh ↩

  2. Matin-Asgari, Afshin [in Persian] (2018). Both Eastern and Western: An Intellectual History Of Iranian Modernity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 45. ISBN 978-1-108-42853-8. 978-1-108-42853-8 ↩

  3. Ettehadieh, Mansoureh (October 28, 2011) [December 15, 1992]. "CONSTITUTIONAL REVOLUTION v. Political parties of the constitutional period". In Yarshater, Ehsan (ed.). Encyclopædia Iranica. Fasc. 2. Vol. VI. New York City: Bibliotheca Persica Press. pp. 199–202. Retrieved September 12, 2016. /wiki/Mansoureh_Ettehadieh ↩

  4. Abrahamian, Ervand (1982). Iran Between Two Revolutions. Princeton University Press. pp. 105–106, 120. ISBN 0-691-10134-5. 0-691-10134-5 ↩

  5. Ettehadieh, Mansoureh (October 28, 2011) [December 15, 1992]. "CONSTITUTIONAL REVOLUTION v. Political parties of the constitutional period". In Yarshater, Ehsan (ed.). Encyclopædia Iranica. Fasc. 2. Vol. VI. New York City: Bibliotheca Persica Press. pp. 199–202. Retrieved September 12, 2016. /wiki/Mansoureh_Ettehadieh ↩

  6. Abrahamian, Ervand (1982). Iran Between Two Revolutions. Princeton University Press. pp. 105–106, 120. ISBN 0-691-10134-5. 0-691-10134-5 ↩

  7. Ettehadieh, Mansoureh (October 28, 2011) [December 15, 1992]. "CONSTITUTIONAL REVOLUTION v. Political parties of the constitutional period". In Yarshater, Ehsan (ed.). Encyclopædia Iranica. Fasc. 2. Vol. VI. New York City: Bibliotheca Persica Press. pp. 199–202. Retrieved September 12, 2016. /wiki/Mansoureh_Ettehadieh ↩

  8. Abrahamian, Ervand (1982). Iran Between Two Revolutions. Princeton University Press. pp. 105–106, 120. ISBN 0-691-10134-5. 0-691-10134-5 ↩

  9. آشنایی با تاریخ مجالس قانونگذاری در ایران دوره اول تا دوره شانزدهم [History of Legislatures in Iran (1285–1328)] (in Persian). Majlis Research Center. 2005 [1384]. pp. 19–20, 46–47, 68. http://rc.majlis.ir/fa/book_pub/download/837285 ↩

  10. آشنایی با تاریخ مجالس قانونگذاری در ایران دوره اول تا دوره شانزدهم [History of Legislatures in Iran (1285–1328)] (in Persian). Majlis Research Center. 2005 [1384]. pp. 19–20, 46–47, 68. http://rc.majlis.ir/fa/book_pub/download/837285 ↩