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<h2 id="events">Events</h2> <h3>January–December</h3> <ul><li><a href="/facts/January_18/3SBX5CoM">January 18</a> – The <a href="/facts/Order_of_Our_Lady_of_Bethlehem/g167So3t">Order of Our Lady of Bethlehem</a> is founded by <a href="/facts/Pope_Pius_II/9szSgFPQ">Pope Pius II</a>, to defend the island of <a href="/facts/Lemnos/vGsNrEGG">Lemnos</a>.</li> <li><a href="/facts/September_23/0VDxMSs7">September 23</a> – <a href="/facts/Wars_of_the_Roses/zLnjSuNK">Wars of the Roses</a>: <a href="/facts/Battle_of_Blore_Heath/7BC31t5P">Battle of Blore Heath</a> in <a href="/facts/Kingdom_of_England/1VqdIuFc">England</a> – <a href="/facts/Yorkist/8AuTPGAl">Yorkists</a> under <a href="/facts/Richard_Neville,_5th_Earl_of_Salisbury/2X4saRCH">Richard Neville, 5th Earl of Salisbury</a>, defeat a <a href="/facts/House_of_Lancaster/0U6DPKwt">Lancastrian</a> force.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:1" href="#fn:1"><sup>1</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/October_12/HLQNWqyv">October 12</a> – Wars of the Roses: With a royal force advancing on his fortress at <a href="/facts/Ludlow/MuK8UdqJ">Ludlow</a>, <a href="/facts/Richard_Plantagenet,_Duke_of_York/5sLGFXKG">Richard Plantagenet, Duke of York</a>, flees to Ireland, while his ally <a href="/facts/Richard_Neville,_16th_Earl_of_Warwick/zDufKYQ8">Richard Neville, 16th Earl of Warwick</a> (Warwick the Kingmaker, eldest son of the Earl of Salisbury) goes to <a href="/facts/Calais/DaM9yzWq">Calais</a>.</li></ul> <h3>Date unknown</h3> <ul><li>The <a href="/facts/Wallachia/FcqBf1oT">Wallachian</a> town of <a href="/facts/Bucharest/4xQnsGwM">Bucharest</a> is first mentioned.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:2" href="#fn:2"><sup>2</sup></a></li> <li>The city of <a href="/facts/Jodhpur/llc7woJ8">Jodhpur</a>, in western India, is founded by <a href="/facts/Rao_Jodha/Y4Rl3PSf">Rao Jodha</a> of <a href="/facts/Marwar/jSLrw25U">Marwar</a>.</li> <li><a href="/facts/Richard_Plantagenet,_3rd_Duke_of_York/5sLGFXKG">Richard, Duke of York</a>, <a href="/facts/Lord_Lieutenant_of_Ireland/sInho1H5">Lord Lieutenant of Ireland</a>, returns on a second visit to Ireland.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:3" href="#fn:3"><sup>3</sup></a> The Irish Parliament, meeting at <a href="/facts/Drogheda/Iooy6FoP">Drogheda</a>, upholds his authority against <a href="/facts/Henry_VI_of_England/vyoRnFke">Henry VI</a>, and an English Act of <a href="/facts/Attainder/otklyvm9">Attainder</a>.</li> <li><a href="/facts/Richard_Hygons/xN3DVI2e">Richard Hygons</a>, English composer, begins fifty years of service at <a href="/facts/Wells_Cathedral/FpBb9XDl">Wells Cathedral</a>.</li></ul> <h3>Religion</h3> <ul><li>King <a href="/facts/Thomas_of_Bosnia/ePmhnxs5">Thomas of Bosnia</a> forces the clergy of the Bosnian Church into exile.</li> <li>According to a legend, the wedding of <a href="/facts/Christian_Rosenkreuz/sHnX9Ndd">Christian Rosenkreuz</a> takes place.</li></ul> <h2 id="births">Births</h2> <ul><li><a href="/facts/January_25/ACbFavE2">January 25</a> – <a href="/facts/Paul_Hofhaimer/bp0I3WLu">Paul Hofhaimer</a>, Austrian organist and composer (d. <a href="/facts/1537/S32JykPj">1537</a>)</li> <li><a href="/facts/March_2/fwEowLwl">March 2</a> – <a href="/facts/Pope_Adrian_VI/NnjVqcag">Pope Adrian VI</a>, Dutch-born churchman (d. <a href="/facts/1523/l1eRkbFp">1523</a>)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:4" href="#fn:4"><sup>4</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/March_6/XyDIJaSH">March 6</a> – <a href="/facts/Jakob_Fugger/hohKKfzy">Jakob Fugger</a>, German banker (d. <a href="/facts/1525/PrynbE2r">1525</a>)</li> <li><a href="/facts/March_22/fSA3uKnK">March 22</a> – <a href="/facts/Maximilian_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor/4f8SjFsX">Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor</a> (d. <a href="/facts/1519/zNjCg94Q">1519</a>)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:5" href="#fn:5"><sup>5</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/May_15/rRHwCQV6">May 15</a> – <a href="/facts/John_I,_Count_Palatine_of_Simmern/1a5nXqSL">John I, Count Palatine of Simmern</a> (1480–1509) (d. <a href="/facts/1509/x4ggjo7P">1509</a>)</li> <li><a href="/facts/July/stjxXWw2">July</a> – <a href="/facts/Mingyi_Nyo/WCFGaWDH">Mingyi Nyo</a>, founder of the Toungoo Dynasty of Burma (Myanmar) (d. <a href="/facts/1530/KpRN9BXr">1530</a>)</li> <li><a href="/facts/July_11/Q2AsEnr6">July 11</a> – <a href="/facts/Kaspar,_Count_Palatine_of_Zweibr%C3%BCcken/RJITSPVB">Kaspar, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken</a>, German nobleman (d. <a href="/facts/1527/n4G8H88S">1527</a>)</li> <li><a href="/facts/October_6/kEsfCLXn">October 6</a> – <a href="/facts/Martin_Behaim/5LPp1GHT">Martin Behaim</a>, German explorer and cartographer (d. <a href="/facts/1507/CS5PCLGT">1507</a>)</li> <li><a href="/facts/December_22/zTzeBtvz">December 22</a> – <a href="/facts/Sultan_Cem/3rVvpgl9">Sultan Cem</a>, pretender to the Ottoman throne (d. <a href="/facts/1495/57Pxuqag">1495</a>)</li> <li><a href="/facts/December_27/dl1DKXF7">December 27</a> – King <a href="/facts/John_I_Albert/zG1tnIVG">John I Albert</a> of Poland (d. <a href="/facts/1501/D3X4PTAt">1501</a>)</li> <li><i>date unknown</i> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Christina_Brask/hopVngKw">Christina Brask</a>, Swedish writer and translator (d. <a href="/facts/1520/pBrQmX7c">1520</a>)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Edward_Poynings/m9kCNuGp">Edward Poynings</a>, Lord Deputy to King Henry VII of England (d. <a href="/facts/1521/7lUVR4z6">1521</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><i>probable</i> – <a href="/facts/Lorenzo_di_Credi/5MHAo8gl">Lorenzo di Credi</a>, Florentine painter and sculptor (d. <a href="/facts/1537/S32JykPj">1537</a>)</li> <li><i>approximate</i> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Jheronimus_de_Clibano/50tnEIPj">Jheronimus de Clibano</a>, Dutch composer (d. <a href="/facts/1503/Ech33MQf">1503</a>)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Jean_Mouton/Yhdsysb8">Jean Mouton</a>, French composer (d. <a href="/facts/1522/ePY7cecW">1522</a>)</li></ul></li></ul> <h2 id="deaths">Deaths</h2> <ul><li><a href="/facts/February_14/CpNgqcq1">February 14</a> – <a href="/facts/Stephen,_Count_Palatine_of_Simmern-Zweibr%C3%BCcken/XBI0mA2b">Stephen, Count Palatine of Simmern-Zweibrücken</a> (b. <a href="/facts/1385/8x9Ymh6I">1385</a>)</li> <li><a href="/facts/March_3/vluyLoq4">March 3</a> – <a href="/facts/Ausi%C3%A0s_March/dVIS5Pxm">Ausiàs March</a>, Catalan poet from Valencia (b. <a href="/facts/1397/eBjAz49N">1397</a>)</li> <li><a href="/facts/May_2/Jkr8fs6q">May 2</a> – <a href="/facts/Antoninus_of_Florence/k3IEU4Gz">Antoninus of Florence</a>, Italian archbishop (b. <a href="/facts/1389/YyLvJJ7B">1389</a>)</li> <li><a href="/facts/August_27/WqlFNjvl">August 27</a> – <a href="/facts/James_of_Portugal/txVVfFuL">James of Portugal</a>, Portuguese cardinal (b. <a href="/facts/1433/2tTByxnl">1433</a>)</li> <li><a href="/facts/September_6/RRFP6ywh">September 6</a> – <a href="/facts/Katharina_of_Nassau-Beilstein/ow1h9ljc">Katharina of Nassau-Beilstein</a>, German regent</li> <li><a href="/facts/September_17/1rhf5uML">September 17</a> – <a href="/facts/Isabella_of_Urgell,_Duchess_of_Coimbra/47JGWTh0">Isabella of Urgell, Duchess of Coimbra</a>, Portuguese Duchess (b. <a href="/facts/1409/YChAjCtB">1409</a>)</li> <li><a href="/facts/September_23/0VDxMSs7">September 23</a> (killed at the <a href="/facts/Battle_of_Blore_Heath/7BC31t5P">Battle of Blore Heath</a>): <ul><li><a href="/facts/James_Tuchet,_5th_Baron_Audley/nV3XsFIU">James Tuchet, 5th Baron Audley</a> (b. <a href="/facts/1400/5mECDcpX">1400</a>)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Thomas_Dutton/coqrg0yY">Thomas Dutton</a>, English knight (b. <a href="/facts/1421/St8WhKzH">1421</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/facts/September_24/ykTEzw6d">September 24</a> – <a href="/facts/Eric_of_Pomerania/CzehYo7r">Eric of Pomerania</a>, King of Norway, Denmark and Sweden (b. <a href="/facts/1382/lRrEJKQA">1382</a>)</li> <li><a href="/facts/October_30/h1XNvxBm">October 30</a> – <a href="/facts/Gian_Francesco_Poggio_Bracciolini/S8Ana0z1">Gian Francesco Poggio Bracciolini</a>, Italian humanist (b. <a href="/facts/1380/ytqFKhR0">1380</a>)</li> <li><a href="/facts/November_5/R6zpvmwa">November 5</a> – <a href="/facts/John_Fastolf/D7ppYGVl">John Fastolf</a>, English soldier<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:6" href="#fn:6"><sup>6</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/December_4/VG2J0cjd">December 4</a> – <a href="/facts/Adolphus_VIII,_Count_of_Holstein/5BX5dWTQ">Adolf VIII</a>, Duke of Southern Jutland (b. <a href="/facts/1401/N9aeVp7d">1401</a>)</li></ul> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>John Sadler (January 14, 2014). The Red Rose and the White: The Wars of the Roses, 1453-1487. Taylor & Francis. p. 86. ISBN 978-1-317-90517-2. <a href="978-1-317-90517-2" target="_blank">978-1-317-90517-2</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>Sonnenburg, Stephan; Baker, Laura (February 26, 2013). Branded Spaces: Experience Enactments and Entanglements. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 236. ISBN 978-3-658-01561-9. <a href="978-3-658-01561-9" target="_blank">978-3-658-01561-9</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>The Oxford Illustrated History of Ireland. Foster, RF. Oxford University Press, Oxford. 1989 <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>"Adrian VI | pope". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved March 20, 2021. <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Adrian-VI" target="_blank">https://www.britannica.com/biography/Adrian-VI</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>"Maximilian I | Holy Roman emperor". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved March 20, 2021. <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Maximilian-I-Holy-Roman-emperor" target="_blank">https://www.britannica.com/biography/Maximilian-I-Holy-Roman-emperor</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:6"><p>James Gairdner (1895). The Paston letters, 1422-1509 A.D.: A new ed. containing upwards of four hundred letters, etc., hitherto unpublished. A. Constable. p. 444. <a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=lnRnAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA444" target="_blank">https://books.google.com/books?id=lnRnAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA444</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> </ol>