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Indian Script Code for Information Interchange
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<h2 id="background">Background</h2> <p>The Brahmi-derived writing systems have similar structure.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:3" href="#fn:3"><sup>3</sup></a>: 462 So ISCII encodes letters with the same phonetic value at the same code point, overlaying the various scripts. For example, the ISCII codes 0xB3 0xDB represent [ki]. This will be rendered as കി in <a href="/facts/Malayalam/YLuvDWd3">Malayalam</a>, कि in Devanagari, as ਕਿ in Gurmukhi, and as கி in Tamil. The writing system can be selected in rich text by markup or in plain text by means of the ATR code described below. </p><p>One motivation for the use of a single encoding is the idea that it will allow easy <a href="/facts/Transliteration/1eemsW6o">transliteration</a> from one writing system to another.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:4" href="#fn:4"><sup>4</sup></a>: 462 However, there are enough incompatibilities that this is not really a practical idea. </p><p>ISCII is an 8-bit encoding.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:5" href="#fn:5"><sup>5</sup></a>: 4 The lower 128 code points are plain <a href="/facts/American_Standard_Code_for_Information_Interchange/vGUI33Qu">ASCII</a>, the upper 128 code points are ISCII-specific. In addition to the code points representing characters, ISCII makes use of a code point with mnemonic ATR that indicates that the following byte contains one of two kinds of information. One set of values changes the writing system until the next writing system indicator or end-of-line. Another set of values select display modes such as bold and italic. ISCII does not provide a means of indicating the default writing system. </p> <h2 id="codepage-layout">Codepage layout</h2> <p>The following table shows the character set for <a href="/facts/Devanagari/dQvQ3Ufs">Devanagari</a>. The code sets for Assamese, Bengali, Gujarati, Gurmukhi, Kannada, Malayalam, Oriya, Tamil, and Telugu are similar, with each Devanagari form replaced by the <a href="/facts/Brahmic_family_of_scripts/mwHJWt6d">equivalent form in each writing system</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:6" href="#fn:6"><sup>6</sup></a>: 462 . Each character is shown with its decimal code and its <a href="/facts/Unicode/DDu3MfPV">Unicode</a> equivalent. </p> ISCII Devanagari<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:7" href="#fn:7"><sup>7</sup></a>: 14 <table><tbody><tr><td></td><td>0</td><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>3</td><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td><td>7</td><td>8</td><td>9</td><td>A</td><td>B</td><td>C</td><td>D</td><td>E</td><td>F</td></tr><tr><td>0x</td><td> <a href="/facts/Null_character/IMYNHNxR">NUL</a> </td><td> <a href="/facts/Start_of_heading/bBp1dGVl">SOH</a> </td><td> <a href="/facts/Start_of_text/bBp1dGVl">STX</a> </td><td> <a href="/facts/End_of_text/9gEBSYoU">ETX</a> </td><td> <a href="/facts/End_of_transmission_character/6kUye5G0">EOT</a> </td><td> <a href="/facts/Enquiry_character/ELfPecMa">ENQ</a> </td><td> <a href="/facts/Acknowledge_character/NCc7vbwE">ACK</a> </td><td> <a href="/facts/Bell_character/yvPIWNMr">BEL</a> </td><td> <a href="/facts/Backspace/ySuesUGR">BS</a> </td><td> <a href="/facts/Horizontal_tabulation/gTyIhqBe">HT</a> </td><td> <a href="/facts/Line_feed/ffeJz4Nn">LF</a> </td><td> <a href="/facts/Vertical_tabulation/gTyIhqBe">VT</a> </td><td> <a href="/facts/Form_feed/Kq1u7fxW">FF</a> </td><td> <a href="/facts/Carriage_return/R79IhpPr">CR</a> </td><td> <a href="/facts/Shift_out/pful8n89">SO</a> </td><td> <a href="/facts/Shift_in/pful8n89">SI</a> </td></tr><tr><td>1x</td><td> <a href="/facts/Data_link_escape/bBp1dGVl">DLE</a> </td><td> <a href="/facts/Device_Control_1/bBp1dGVl">DC1</a> </td><td> <a href="/facts/Device_Control_2/bBp1dGVl">DC2</a> </td><td> <a href="/facts/Device_Control_3/bBp1dGVl">DC3</a> </td><td> <a href="/facts/Device_Control_4/bBp1dGVl">DC4</a> </td><td> <a href="/facts/Negative_acknowledge_character/NCc7vbwE">NAK</a> </td><td> <a href="/facts/Synchronous_idle/axhGg1BJ">SYN</a> </td><td> <a href="/facts/End_of_transmission_block/Vc7zwmE5">ETB</a> </td><td> <a href="/facts/Cancel_character/SbNYugJj">CAN</a> </td><td> <a href="/facts/End_of_medium/bBp1dGVl">EM</a> </td><td> <a href="/facts/Substitute_character/9yHehSB0">SUB</a> </td><td> <a href="/facts/Escape_character/pTSAozpa">ESC</a> </td><td> <a href="/facts/File_separator/bBp1dGVl">FS</a> </td><td> <a href="/facts/Group_separator/bBp1dGVl">GS</a> </td><td> <a href="/facts/Record_separator/bBp1dGVl">RS</a> </td><td> <a href="/facts/Unit_separator/bBp1dGVl">US</a> </td></tr><tr><td>2x</td><td> <a href="/facts/Space_character/Q5xRIaSz">SP</a> </td><td><a href="/facts/!/f4U0u9ou">!</a></td><td><a href="/facts/%2522/DyPRSa50">"</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Number_sign/bHYCsWs1">#</a></td><td><a href="/facts/%24/4CroUuPn">$</a></td><td><a href="/facts/%2525/pLdHNKar">%</a></td><td><a href="/facts/%2526/emmXUXuB">&</a></td><td><a href="/facts/%2527/vnPUFIYz">'</a></td><td><a href="/facts/(/Yq77nJ6f">(</a></td><td><a href="/facts/)/yzGM9J8A">)</a></td><td><a href="/facts/*/41AF4mKp">*</a></td><td><a href="/facts/%252B/6RJD4Xt9">+</a></td><td><a href="/facts/%2c/f4U0u9ou">,</a></td><td><a href="/facts/-/TnWuz7hd">-</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Full_stop/w0Ylafwn">.</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Slash_(punctuation)/fuaRyKzc">/</a></td></tr><tr><td>3x</td><td><a href="/facts/0/4NBRtKHc">0</a></td><td><a href="/facts/1/d6SoCnze">1</a></td><td><a href="/facts/2/d6SoCnze">2</a></td><td><a href="/facts/3/11oMY3Hn">3</a></td><td><a href="/facts/4/d6SoCnze">4</a></td><td><a href="/facts/5/d6SoCnze">5</a></td><td><a href="/facts/6/d6SoCnze">6</a></td><td><a href="/facts/7/4GV2hz09">7</a></td><td><a href="/facts/8/bH7jHJDg">8</a></td><td><a href="/facts/9/d6SoCnze">9</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Colon_(punctuation)/se9fjJa4">:</a></td><td><a href="/facts/%3b/NboGzBq0">;</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Less-than_sign/cho3wlR5"><</a></td><td><a href="/facts/%253D/AQCuumLg">=</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Greater-than_sign/J58SE7bT">></a></td><td><a href="/facts/%253F/aTyM8QTM">?</a></td></tr><tr><td>4x</td><td><a href="/facts/%40/6Q03Vo2z">@</a></td><td><a href="/facts/A/2R3BU1nc">A</a></td><td><a href="/facts/B/Bf1NUwpT">B</a></td><td><a href="/facts/C/2e7jmUaG">C</a></td><td><a href="/facts/D/A6hNvmCp">D</a></td><td><a href="/facts/E/0G2cAFzu">E</a></td><td><a href="/facts/F/2Qhv29hR">F</a></td><td><a href="/facts/G/0wjXcPDT">G</a></td><td><a href="/facts/H/2ReerlNA">H</a></td><td><a href="/facts/I/2w7mqI7e">I</a></td><td><a href="/facts/J/I3pUoxSq">J</a></td><td><a href="/facts/K/68UJI9sK">K</a></td><td><a href="/facts/L/0Ge4MIc9">L</a></td><td><a href="/facts/M/24C1RjmQ">M</a></td><td><a href="/facts/N/0CEs8314">N</a></td><td><a href="/facts/O/41AF4mKp">O</a></td></tr><tr><td>5x</td><td><a href="/facts/P/41AF4mKp">P</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Q/3x6B7oLx">Q</a></td><td><a href="/facts/R/2w7mqI7e">R</a></td><td><a href="/facts/S/1DcekgEL">S</a></td><td><a href="/facts/T/1GaDe2Vy">T</a></td><td><a href="/facts/U/41AF4mKp">U</a></td><td><a href="/facts/V/41AF4mKp">V</a></td><td><a href="/facts/W/1qRkvAb9">W</a></td><td><a href="/facts/X/1qRkvAb9">X</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Y/anP6EhKq">Y</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Z/Bf1NUwpT">Z</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Left_square_bracket/yzGM9J8A">[</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Backslash/SoV79KPp">\</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Right_square_bracket/yzGM9J8A">]</a></td><td><a href="/facts/%255E/LRV5MF7s">^</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Underscore/KJsRo3tA">_</a></td></tr><tr><td>6x</td><td><a href="/facts/%2527/vnPUFIYz">'</a></td><td><a href="/facts/A/2R3BU1nc">a</a></td><td><a href="/facts/B/Bf1NUwpT">b</a></td><td><a href="/facts/C/2e7jmUaG">c</a></td><td><a href="/facts/D/A6hNvmCp">d</a></td><td><a href="/facts/E/0G2cAFzu">e</a></td><td><a href="/facts/F/2Qhv29hR">f</a></td><td><a href="/facts/G/0wjXcPDT">g</a></td><td><a href="/facts/H/2ReerlNA">h</a></td><td><a href="/facts/I/2w7mqI7e">i</a></td><td><a href="/facts/J/I3pUoxSq">j</a></td><td><a href="/facts/K/68UJI9sK">k</a></td><td><a href="/facts/L/0Ge4MIc9">l</a></td><td><a href="/facts/M/24C1RjmQ">m</a></td><td><a href="/facts/N/0CEs8314">n</a></td><td><a href="/facts/O/41AF4mKp">o</a></td></tr><tr><td>7x</td><td><a href="/facts/P/41AF4mKp">p</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Q/3x6B7oLx">q</a></td><td><a href="/facts/R/2w7mqI7e">r</a></td><td><a href="/facts/S/1DcekgEL">s</a></td><td><a href="/facts/T/1GaDe2Vy">t</a></td><td><a href="/facts/U/41AF4mKp">u</a></td><td><a href="/facts/V/41AF4mKp">v</a></td><td><a href="/facts/W/1qRkvAb9">w</a></td><td><a href="/facts/X/1qRkvAb9">x</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Y/anP6EhKq">y</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Z/Bf1NUwpT">z</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Left_curly_bracket/yzGM9J8A">{</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Vertical_bar/Yq77nJ6f">|</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Right_curly_bracket/yzGM9J8A">}</a></td><td><a href="/facts/%7e/wQTx6ytR">~</a></td><td> <a href="/facts/Delete_character/APtkobBv">DEL</a> </td></tr><tr><td>8x</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>9x</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Ax</td><td></td><td>ँ</td><td>ं</td><td>ः</td><td>अ</td><td>आ</td><td>इ</td><td>ई</td><td>उ</td><td>ऊ</td><td>ऋ</td><td>ऎ</td><td>ए</td><td>ऐ</td><td>ऍ</td><td>ऒ</td></tr><tr><td>Bx</td><td>ओ</td><td>औ</td><td>ऑ</td><td>क</td><td>ख</td><td>ग</td><td>घ</td><td>ङ</td><td>च</td><td>छ</td><td>ज</td><td>झ</td><td>ञ</td><td>ट</td><td>ठ</td><td>ड</td></tr><tr><td>Cx</td><td>ढ</td><td>ण</td><td>त</td><td>थ</td><td>द</td><td>ध</td><td>न</td><td>ऩ</td><td>प</td><td>फ</td><td>ब</td><td>भ</td><td>म</td><td>य</td><td>य़</td><td>र</td></tr><tr><td>Dx</td><td>ऱ</td><td>ल</td><td>ळ</td><td>ऴ</td><td>व</td><td>श</td><td>ष</td><td>स</td><td>ह</td><td>INV</td><td>ा</td><td>ि</td><td>ी</td><td>ु</td><td>ू</td><td>ृ</td></tr><tr><td>Ex</td><td>ॆ</td><td>े</td><td>ै</td><td>ॅ</td><td>ॊ</td><td>ो</td><td>ौ</td><td>ॉ</td><td>्</td><td>़</td><td>।</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>ATR</td></tr><tr><td>Fx</td><td>EXT</td><td>०</td><td>१</td><td>२</td><td>३</td><td>४</td><td>५</td><td>६</td><td>७</td><td>८</td><td>९</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr></tbody></table> Undefined Lead byte <h2 id="special-code-points">Special code points</h2> INV character—code point D9 (217) The INV (invisible consonant) character is used as a pseudo-consonant to display combining elements in isolation. For example, क (ka) + ् (halant) + INV = क् (half ka). The Unicode equivalent is U+200D ZERO WIDTH JOINER (<a href="/facts/Zero-width_joiner/EnQ0kmPc">ZWJ</a>). However, as noted below, the ISCII halant character can be doubled or combined with the ISCII nukta to achieve effects created by <a href="/facts/Zero-width_non-joiner/ClTRhWLY">ZWNJ</a> or ZWJ in Unicode. For this reason, <a href="/facts/Apple_Inc/oTJYta3k">Apple</a> maps the ISCII INV character to the Unicode <a href="/facts/Left-to-right_mark/LG9raAa1">left-to-right mark</a>, so as to guarantee <a href="/facts/Round-trip_format_conversion/q9ssQvUP">round-tripping</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:8" href="#fn:8"><sup>8</sup></a> ATR character—code point EF (239) The ATR (attribute) character followed by a byte code is used to switch to a different font attribute (such as bold) or to a different ISCII or <a href="/facts/PASCII/bNy8uIjF">PASCII</a> language (such as Bengali), up to the next ATR sequence or the end of the line. This has no direct Unicode equivalent, as font attributes are not part of Unicode, and each script has a distinct set of code points. Presentational attributes <a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:9" href="#fn:9"><sup>9</sup></a>: 31 <table><tbody><tr><th>ATR + byte</th><th>Mnemonic</th><th>Formatting option</th></tr><tr><td>0x30</td><td>BLD</td><td><a href="/facts/Boldface/RXGfXwcG">Bold</a></td></tr><tr><td>0x31</td><td>ITA</td><td><a href="/facts/Italics/BECCTMng">Italics</a></td></tr><tr><td>0x32</td><td>UL</td><td><a href="/facts/Underlining/KJsRo3tA">Underlining</a></td></tr><tr><td>0x33</td><td>EXP</td><td>Expanded</td></tr><tr><td>0x34</td><td>HLT</td><td>Highlight</td></tr><tr><td>0x35</td><td>OTL</td><td>Outline</td></tr><tr><td>0x36</td><td>SHD</td><td>Shadow</td></tr><tr><td>0x37</td><td>TOP</td><td>Top half of character (used with LOW to create double-height characters)</td></tr><tr><td>0x38</td><td>LOW</td><td>Bottom half of character (used with TOP to create double-height characters)</td></tr><tr><td>0x39</td><td>DBL</td><td>Entire row double-width and double-height</td></tr></tbody></table> Shifts to ISCII scripts <a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:10" href="#fn:10"><sup>10</sup></a>: 31 <table><tbody><tr><th>ATR + byte</th><th>Mnemonic</th><th>ISCII script</th></tr><tr><td>0x40</td><td>DEF</td><td>Default script (i.e. the script which will be switched back to after a line break)</td></tr><tr><td>0x41</td><td>RMN</td><td>Romanised <a href="/facts/Transliteration/1eemsW6o">transliteration</a></td></tr><tr><td>0x42</td><td>DEV</td><td><a href="/facts/Devanagari/dQvQ3Ufs">Devanagari</a></td></tr><tr><td>0x43</td><td>BNG</td><td><a href="/facts/Bengali_script/YV3phTFD">Bengali script</a></td></tr><tr><td>0x44</td><td>TML</td><td><a href="/facts/Tamil_script/QAEV8dJ5">Tamil script</a></td></tr><tr><td>0x45</td><td>TLG</td><td><a href="/facts/Telugu_script/GzUHyXLb">Telugu script</a></td></tr><tr><td>0x46</td><td>ASM</td><td><a href="/facts/Assamese_script/YV3phTFD">Assamese script</a></td></tr><tr><td>0x47</td><td>ORI</td><td><a href="/facts/Odia_script/05jEzRTV">Odia script</a></td></tr><tr><td>0x48</td><td>KND</td><td><a href="/facts/Kannada_script/LUbwH0pS">Kannada script</a></td></tr><tr><td>0x49</td><td>MLM</td><td><a href="/facts/Malayalam_script/HDsBdkqw">Malayalam script</a></td></tr><tr><td>0x4A</td><td>GJR</td><td><a href="/facts/Gujarati_script/zbJCS2Rm">Gujarati script</a></td></tr><tr><td>0x4B</td><td>PNJ</td><td><a href="/facts/Gurmukh%25C4%25AB/u6Nt0z14">Gurmukhī</a></td></tr></tbody></table> Shifts to <a href="/facts/PASCII/bNy8uIjF">PASCII</a><table><tbody><tr><th>ATR + byte</th><th>Mnemonic</th><th>PASCII locale</th></tr><tr><td>0x71</td><td>ARB</td><td><a href="/facts/Arabic_alphabet/hCA1a0xq">Arabic alphabet</a></td></tr><tr><td>0x72</td><td>PES</td><td><a href="/facts/Persian_alphabet/4DvPdTDe">Persian alphabet</a></td></tr><tr><td>0x73</td><td>URD</td><td><a href="/facts/Urdu_alphabet/SzLs2Poc">Urdu alphabet</a></td></tr><tr><td>0x74</td><td>SND</td><td><a href="/facts/Sindhi_alphabet/fQFk8mVz">Sindhi alphabet</a></td></tr><tr><td>0x75</td><td>KSM</td><td><a href="/facts/Kashmiri_alphabet/b35X0L3H">Kashmiri alphabet</a></td></tr><tr><td>0x76</td><td>PST</td><td><a href="/facts/Pashto_alphabet/I39tJ6pD">Pashto alphabet</a></td></tr></tbody></table> EXT character—code point F0 (240) The EXT (extensions for Vedic) character followed by a byte code indicates a Vedic accent. This has no direct Unicode equivalent, as Vedic accents are assigned to distinct code points. Halant character ्—code point E8 (232) The halant character removes the implicit vowel from a consonant and is used between consonants to represent conjunct consonants. For example, क (ka) + ् (halant) + त (ta) = क्त (kta). The sequence ् (halant) + ् (halant) displays a conjunct with an explicit halant, for example क (ka) + ् (halant) + ् (halant) + त (ta) = क्त. The sequence ् (halant) + ़ (nukta) displays a conjunct with half consonants, if available, for example क (ka) + ् (halant) + ़ (nukta) + त (ta) = क्त. Correspondences between ISCII and Unicode <a href="/facts/Virama/bRRVW2yT">halent/virama</a> behaviour<table><tbody><tr><th colspan="2">ISCII</th><th colspan="2">Unicode</th></tr><tr><td>single halant</td><td>E8</td><td>halant</td><td>094D</td></tr><tr><td>halant + halant</td><td>E8 E8</td><td>halant + <a href="/facts/Zero-width_non-joiner/ClTRhWLY">ZWNJ</a></td><td>094D 200C</td></tr><tr><td>halant + nukta</td><td>E8 E9</td><td>halant + <a href="/facts/Zero-width_joiner/EnQ0kmPc">ZWJ</a></td><td>094D 200D</td></tr></tbody></table> Nukta character ़—code point E9 (233) The <a href="/facts/Nukta/5NgIQuWR">nukta</a> character after another ISCII character is used for a number of rarer characters which don't exist in the main ISCII set. For example क (ka) + ़ (nukta) = क़ (qa). These characters have precomposed forms in Unicode, as shown in the following table. Single Unicode characters corresponding to ISCII nukta sequences<table><tbody><tr><th>ISCIIcode point</th><th>Originalcharacter</th><th>Characterwith nukta</th><th>Unicodecode point</th></tr><tr><td>A1 (161)</td><td>ँ</td><td>ॐ</td><td>0950</td></tr><tr><td>A6 (166)</td><td>इ</td><td>ऌ</td><td>090C</td></tr><tr><td>A7 (167)</td><td>ई</td><td>ॡ</td><td>0961</td></tr><tr><td>AA (176)</td><td>ऋ</td><td>ॠ</td><td>0960</td></tr><tr><td>B3 (179)</td><td>क</td><td>क़</td><td>0958</td></tr><tr><td>B4 (180)</td><td>ख</td><td>ख़</td><td>0959</td></tr><tr><td>B5 (181)</td><td>ग</td><td>ग़</td><td>095A</td></tr><tr><td>BA (186)</td><td>ज</td><td>ज़</td><td>095B</td></tr><tr><td>BF (191)</td><td>ड</td><td>ड़</td><td>095C</td></tr><tr><td>C0 (192)</td><td>ढ</td><td>ढ़</td><td>095D</td></tr><tr><td>C9 (201)</td><td>फ</td><td>फ़</td><td>095E</td></tr><tr><td>DB (219)</td><td>ि</td><td>ॢ</td><td>0962</td></tr><tr><td>DC (220)</td><td>ी</td><td>ॣ</td><td>0963</td></tr><tr><td>DF (223)</td><td>ृ</td><td>ॄ</td><td>0944</td></tr><tr><td>EA (234)</td><td>।</td><td>ऽ</td><td>093D</td></tr></tbody></table> <h2 id="code-pages-for-iscii-conversion">Code pages for ISCII conversion</h2> <p>To convert from Unicode (UTF-8) to an ISCII / ANSI coding, the following code pages may be used: </p> <ul><li>57002: Devanagari (Hindi, Marathi, Sanskrit, Konkani)</li> <li>57003: Bengali</li> <li>57004: Tamil</li> <li>57005: Telugu</li> <li>57006: Assamese</li> <li>57007: Odia</li> <li>57008: Kannada</li> <li>57009: Malayalam</li> <li>57010: Gujarati</li> <li>57011: Punjabi (Gurmukhi)</li></ul> <h2 id="code-points-for-all-languages">Code points for all languages</h2> Code set for all abugidas using ISCII<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:11" href="#fn:11"><sup>11</sup></a><table><tbody><tr><th>Hex</th><th>OfficialListing</th><th><a href="/facts/ISO_15919/LPc6zDEA">ISO 15919</a></th><th colspan="2"><a href="/facts/Devanagari/dQvQ3Ufs">Devanagari</a></th><th colspan="2"><a href="/facts/Bengali_alphabet/kdlW4eGK">Bengali</a></th><th colspan="2">Assamese</th><th colspan="2"><a href="/facts/Gurmukhi_script/u6Nt0z14">Gurmukhi</a></th><th colspan="2"><a href="/facts/Gujarati_script/zbJCS2Rm">Gujarati</a></th><th colspan="2"><a href="/facts/Oriya_script/05jEzRTV">Oriya</a></th><th colspan="2"><a href="/facts/Tamil_script/QAEV8dJ5">Tamil</a></th><th colspan="2"><a href="/facts/Telugu_script/GzUHyXLb">Telugu</a></th><th colspan="2"><a href="/facts/Kannada_script/LUbwH0pS">Kannada</a></th><th colspan="2"><a href="/facts/Malayalam_script/HDsBdkqw">Malayalam</a></th></tr><tr><th>A0</th><th>Sign <a href="/facts/Om/hpkwzjMH">OM</a></th><th>Ōm̐</th><th>ॐ</th><th>0950</th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th>ૐ</th><th>0AD0</th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th></tr><tr><th>A1</th><th>Vowel-modifier <a href="/facts/Chandrabindu/MqdwvKIk">CHANDRABINDU</a></th><th>m̐</th><th>ँ</th><th>0901</th><th>ঁ</th><th>0981</th><th>ঁ</th><th>0981</th><th>ਁ</th><th>0A01</th><th>ઁ</th><th>0A81</th><th>ଁ</th><th>0B01</th><th colspan="2"></th><th>ఁ</th><th>0C01</th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th></tr><tr><th>A2</th><th>Vowel-modifier <a href="/facts/Anusvara/emCWkk1I">ANUSWARAM</a></th><th>ṁ</th><th>ं</th><th>0902</th><th>ং</th><th>0982</th><th>ং</th><th>0982</th><th>ਂ</th><th>0A02</th><th>ં</th><th>0A82</th><th>ଂ</th><th>0B02</th><th>ஂ</th><th>0B82</th><th>ం</th><th>0C02</th><th>ಂ</th><th>0C82</th><th>ം</th><th>0D02</th></tr><tr><th>A3</th><th>Vowel-modifier <a href="/facts/Visarga/2xYADj7t">VISARGAM</a></th><th>ḥ</th><th>ः</th><th>0903</th><th>ঃ</th><th>0983</th><th>ঃ</th><th>0983</th><th>ਃ</th><th>0A03</th><th>ઃ</th><th>0A83</th><th>ଃ</th><th>0B03</th><th>ஃ</th><th>0B83</th><th>ః</th><th>0C03</th><th>ಃ</th><th>0C83</th><th>ഃ</th><th>0D03</th></tr><tr><th>A4</th><th>Vowel A</th><th>a</th><th>अ</th><th>0905</th><th>অ</th><th>0985</th><th>অ</th><th>0985</th><th>ਅ</th><th>0A05</th><th>અ</th><th>0A85</th><th>ଅ</th><th>0B05</th><th>அ</th><th>0B85</th><th>అ</th><th>0C05</th><th>ಅ</th><th>0C85</th><th>അ</th><th>0D05</th></tr><tr><th>A5</th><th>Vowel AA</th><th>ā</th><th>आ</th><th>0906</th><th>আ</th><th>0986</th><th>আ</th><th>0986</th><th>ਆ</th><th>0A06</th><th>આ</th><th>0A86</th><th>ଆ</th><th>0B06</th><th>ஆ</th><th>0B86</th><th>ఆ</th><th>0C06</th><th>ಆ</th><th>0C86</th><th>ആ</th><th>0D06</th></tr><tr><th>A6</th><th>Vowel I</th><th>i</th><th>इ</th><th>0907</th><th>ই</th><th>0987</th><th>ই</th><th>0987</th><th>ਇ</th><th>0A07</th><th>ઇ</th><th>0A87</th><th>ଇ</th><th>0B07</th><th>இ</th><th>0B87</th><th>ఇ</th><th>0C07</th><th>ಇ</th><th>0C87</th><th>ഇ</th><th>0D07</th></tr><tr><th>A6*</th><th>Vowel LI (Sanskrit)</th><th>ḷ</th><th>ऌ</th><th>090C</th><th>ঌ</th><th>098C</th><th>ঌ</th><th>098C</th><th colspan="2"></th><th>ઌ</th><th>0A8C</th><th>ଌ</th><th>0B0C</th><th colspan="2"></th><th>ఌ</th><th>0C0C</th><th>ಌ</th><th>0C8C</th><th>ഌ</th><th>0D0C</th></tr><tr><th>A7</th><th>Vowel II</th><th>ī</th><th>ई</th><th>0908</th><th>ঈ</th><th>0988</th><th>ঈ</th><th>0988</th><th>ਈ</th><th>0A08</th><th>ઈ</th><th>0A88</th><th>ଈ</th><th>0B08</th><th>ஈ</th><th>0B88</th><th>ఈ</th><th>0C08</th><th>ಈ</th><th>0C88</th><th>ഈ</th><th>0D08</th></tr><tr><th>A7*</th><th>Vowel LII (Sanskrit)</th><th>ḹ</th><th>ॡ</th><th>0961</th><th>ৡ</th><th>09E1</th><th>ৡ</th><th>09E1</th><th colspan="2"></th><th>ૡ</th><th>0AE1</th><th>ୡ</th><th>0B61</th><th colspan="2"></th><th>ౡ</th><th>0C61</th><th>ೡ</th><th>0CE1</th><th>ൡ</th><th>0D61</th></tr><tr><th>A8</th><th>Vowel U</th><th>u</th><th>उ</th><th>0909</th><th>উ</th><th>0989</th><th>উ</th><th>0989</th><th>ਉ</th><th>0A09</th><th>ઉ</th><th>0A89</th><th>ଉ</th><th>0B09</th><th>உ</th><th>0B89</th><th>ఉ</th><th>0C09</th><th>ಉ</th><th>0C89</th><th>ഉ</th><th>0D09</th></tr><tr><th>A9</th><th>Vowel UU</th><th>ū</th><th>ऊ</th><th>090A</th><th>ঊ</th><th>098A</th><th>ঊ</th><th>098A</th><th>ਊ</th><th>0A0A</th><th>ઊ</th><th>0A8A</th><th>ଊ</th><th>0B0A</th><th>ஊ</th><th>0B8A</th><th>ఊ</th><th>0C0A</th><th>ಊ</th><th>0C8A</th><th>ഊ</th><th>0D0A</th></tr><tr><th>AA</th><th>Vowel RI</th><th>r̥</th><th>ऋ</th><th>090B</th><th>ঋ</th><th>098B</th><th>ঋ</th><th>098B</th><th colspan="2"></th><th>ઋ</th><th>0A8B</th><th>ଋ</th><th>0B0B</th><th colspan="2"></th><th>ఋ</th><th>0C0B</th><th>ಋ</th><th>0C8B</th><th>ഋ</th><th>0D0B</th></tr><tr><th>AA*</th><th>Vowel RII (Sanskrit)</th><th>ṝ</th><th>ॠ</th><th>0960</th><th>ৠ</th><th>09E0</th><th>ৠ</th><th>09E0</th><th colspan="2"></th><th>ૠ</th><th>0AE0</th><th>ୠ</th><th>0B60</th><th colspan="2"></th><th>ౠ</th><th>0C60</th><th>ೠ</th><th>0CE0</th><th>ൠ</th><th>0D60</th></tr><tr><th>AB</th><th>Vowel E (Southern Scripts)</th><th>e</th><th>ऎ</th><th>090E</th><th colspan="2"></th><th></th><th></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th>எ</th><th>0B8E</th><th>ఎ</th><th>0C0E</th><th>ಎ</th><th>0C8E</th><th>എ</th><th>0D0E</th></tr><tr><th>AC</th><th>Vowel EY</th><th>ē</th><th>ए</th><th>090F</th><th>এ</th><th>098F</th><th>এ</th><th>098F</th><th>ਏ</th><th>0A0F</th><th>એ</th><th>0A8F</th><th>ଏ</th><th>0B0F</th><th>ஏ</th><th>0B8F</th><th>ఏ</th><th>0C0F</th><th>ಏ</th><th>0C8F</th><th>ഏ</th><th>0D0F</th></tr><tr><th>AD</th><th>Vowel AI</th><th>ai</th><th>ऐ</th><th>0910</th><th>ঐ</th><th>0990</th><th>ঐ</th><th>0990</th><th>ਐ</th><th>0A10</th><th>ઐ</th><th>0A90</th><th>ଐ</th><th>0B10</th><th>ஐ</th><th>0B90</th><th>ఐ</th><th>0C10</th><th>ಐ</th><th>0C90</th><th>ഐ</th><th>0D10</th></tr><tr><th>AE</th><th>Vowel AYE (Devanagari Script)</th><th>ê</th><th>ऍ</th><th>090D</th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th>ઍ</th><th>0A8D</th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th></tr><tr><th>AF</th><th>Vowel O (Southern Scripts)</th><th>o</th><th>ऒ</th><th>0912</th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th>ஒ</th><th>0B92</th><th>ఒ</th><th>0C12</th><th>ಒ</th><th>0C92</th><th>ഒ</th><th>0D12</th></tr><tr><th>B0</th><th>Vowel OW</th><th>ō</th><th>ओ</th><th>0913</th><th>ও</th><th>0993</th><th>ও</th><th>0993</th><th>ਓ</th><th>0A13</th><th>ઓ</th><th>0A93</th><th>ଓ</th><th>0B13</th><th>ஓ</th><th>0B93</th><th>ఓ</th><th>0C13</th><th>ಓ</th><th>0C93</th><th>ഓ</th><th>0D13</th></tr><tr><th>B1</th><th>Vowel AU</th><th>au</th><th>औ</th><th>0914</th><th>ঔ</th><th>0994</th><th>ঔ</th><th>0994</th><th>ਔ</th><th>0A14</th><th>ઔ</th><th>0A94</th><th>ଔ</th><th>0B14</th><th>ஔ</th><th>0B94</th><th>ఔ</th><th>0C14</th><th>ಔ</th><th>0C94</th><th>ഔ</th><th>0D14</th></tr><tr><th>B2</th><th>Vowel AWE (Devanagari Script)</th><th>ô</th><th>ऑ</th><th>0911</th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th>ઑ</th><th>0A91</th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th></tr><tr><th>B3</th><th>Consonant KA</th><th>k</th><th>क</th><th>0915</th><th>ক</th><th>0995</th><th>ক</th><th>0995</th><th>ਕ</th><th>0A15</th><th>ક</th><th>0A95</th><th>କ</th><th>0B15</th><th>க</th><th>0B95</th><th>క</th><th>0C15</th><th>ಕ</th><th>0C95</th><th>ക</th><th>0D15</th></tr><tr><th>B3*</th><th>Consonant QA (Urdu)</th><th>q</th><th>क़</th><th>0958</th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th></tr><tr><th>B4</th><th>Consonant KHA</th><th>kh</th><th>ख</th><th>0916</th><th>খ</th><th>0996</th><th>খ</th><th>0996</th><th>ਖ</th><th>0A16</th><th>ખ</th><th>0A96</th><th>ଖ</th><th>0B16</th><th colspan="2"></th><th>ఖ</th><th>0C16</th><th>ಖ</th><th>0C96</th><th>ഖ</th><th>0D16</th></tr><tr><th>B4*</th><th>Consonant KHHA (Urdu)</th><th>kh</th><th>ख़</th><th>0959</th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th>ਖ਼</th><th>0A59</th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th></tr><tr><th>B5</th><th>Consonant GA</th><th>g</th><th>ग</th><th>0917</th><th>গ</th><th>0997</th><th>গ</th><th>0997</th><th>ਗ</th><th>0A17</th><th>ગ</th><th>0A97</th><th>ଗ</th><th>0B17</th><th colspan="2"></th><th>గ</th><th>0C17</th><th>ಗ</th><th>0C97</th><th>ഗ</th><th>0D17</th></tr><tr><th>B5*</th><th>Consonant GHHA (Urdu)</th><th>ġ</th><th>ग़</th><th>095A</th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th>ਗ਼</th><th>0A5A</th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th></tr><tr><th>B6</th><th>Consonant GHA</th><th>gh</th><th>घ</th><th>0918</th><th>ঘ</th><th>0998</th><th>ঘ</th><th>0998</th><th>ਘ</th><th>0A18</th><th>ઘ</th><th>0A98</th><th>ଘ</th><th>0B18</th><th colspan="2"></th><th>ఘ</th><th>0C18</th><th>ಘ</th><th>0C98</th><th>ഘ</th><th>0D18</th></tr><tr><th>B7</th><th>Consonant NGA</th><th>ṅ</th><th>ङ</th><th>0919</th><th>ঙ</th><th>0999</th><th>ঙ</th><th>0999</th><th>ਙ</th><th>0A19</th><th>ઙ</th><th>0A99</th><th>ଙ</th><th>0B19</th><th>ங</th><th>0B99</th><th>ఙ</th><th>0C19</th><th>ಙ</th><th>0C99</th><th>ങ</th><th>0D19</th></tr><tr><th>B8</th><th>Consonant CHA</th><th>c</th><th>च</th><th>091A</th><th>চ</th><th>099A</th><th>চ</th><th>099A</th><th>ਚ</th><th>0A1A</th><th>ચ</th><th>0A9A</th><th>ଚ</th><th>0B1A</th><th>ச</th><th>0B9A</th><th>చ</th><th>0C1A</th><th>ಚ</th><th>0C9A</th><th>ച</th><th>0D1A</th></tr><tr><th>B9</th><th>Consonant CHHA</th><th>ch</th><th>छ</th><th>091B</th><th>ছ</th><th>099B</th><th>ছ</th><th>099B</th><th>ਛ</th><th>0A1B</th><th>છ</th><th>0A9B</th><th>ଛ</th><th>0B1B</th><th colspan="2"></th><th>ఛ</th><th>0C1B</th><th>ಛ</th><th>0C9B</th><th>ഛ</th><th>0D1B</th></tr><tr><th>BA</th><th>Consonant JA</th><th>j</th><th>ज</th><th>091C</th><th>জ</th><th>099C</th><th>জ</th><th>099C</th><th>ਜ</th><th>0A1C</th><th>જ</th><th>0A9C</th><th>ଜ</th><th>0B1C</th><th>ஜ</th><th>0B9C</th><th>జ</th><th>0C1C</th><th>ಜ</th><th>0C9C</th><th>ജ</th><th>0D1C</th></tr><tr><th>BA*</th><th>Consonant ZA (Urdu)</th><th>z</th><th>ज़</th><th>095B</th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th>ਜ਼</th><th>0A5B</th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th></tr><tr><th>BB</th><th>Consonant JHA</th><th>jh</th><th>झ</th><th>091D</th><th>ঝ</th><th>099D</th><th>ঝ</th><th>099D</th><th>ਝ</th><th>0A1D</th><th>ઝ</th><th>0A9D</th><th>ଝ</th><th>0B1D</th><th colspan="2"></th><th>ఝ</th><th>0C1D</th><th>ಝ</th><th>0C9D</th><th>ഝ</th><th>0D1D</th></tr><tr><th>BC</th><th>Consonant JNA</th><th>ñ</th><th>ञ</th><th>091E</th><th>ঞ</th><th>099E</th><th>ঞ</th><th>099E</th><th>ਞ</th><th>0A1E</th><th>ઞ</th><th>0A9E</th><th>ଞ</th><th>0B1E</th><th>ஞ</th><th>0B9E</th><th>ఞ</th><th>0C1E</th><th>ಞ</th><th>0C9E</th><th>ഞ</th><th>0D1E</th></tr><tr><th>BD</th><th>Consonant Hard TA</th><th>ṭ</th><th>ट</th><th>091F</th><th>ট</th><th>099F</th><th>ট</th><th>099F</th><th>ਟ</th><th>0A1F</th><th>ટ</th><th>0A9F</th><th>ଟ</th><th>0B1F</th><th>ட</th><th>0B9F</th><th>ట</th><th>0C1F</th><th>ಟ</th><th>0C9F</th><th>ട</th><th>0D1F</th></tr><tr><th>BE</th><th>Consonant Hard THA</th><th>ṭh</th><th>ठ</th><th>0920</th><th>ঠ</th><th>09A0</th><th>ঠ</th><th>09A0</th><th>ਠ</th><th>0A20</th><th>ઠ</th><th>0AA0</th><th>ଠ</th><th>0B20</th><th colspan="2"></th><th>ఠ</th><th>0C20</th><th>ಠ</th><th>0CA0</th><th>ഠ</th><th>0D20</th></tr><tr><th>BF</th><th>Consonant Hard DA</th><th>ḍ</th><th>ड</th><th>0921</th><th>ড</th><th>09A1</th><th>ড</th><th>09A1</th><th>ਡ</th><th>0A21</th><th>ડ</th><th>0AA1</th><th>ଡ</th><th>0B21</th><th colspan="2"></th><th>డ</th><th>0C21</th><th>ಡ</th><th>0CA1</th><th>ഡ</th><th>0D21</th></tr><tr><th>BF*</th><th>Consonant Flapped DA</th><th>ṛ</th><th>ड़</th><th>095C</th><th>ড়</th><th>09DC</th><th>ড়</th><th>09DC</th><th>ੜ</th><th>0A5C</th><th colspan="2"></th><th>ଡ଼</th><th>0B5C</th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th></tr><tr><th>C0</th><th>Consonant Hard DHA</th><th>ḍh</th><th>ढ</th><th>0922</th><th>ঢ</th><th>09A2</th><th>ঢ</th><th>09A2</th><th>ਢ</th><th>0A22</th><th>ઢ</th><th>0AA2</th><th>ଢ</th><th>0B22</th><th colspan="2"></th><th>ఢ</th><th>0C22</th><th>ಢ</th><th>0CA2</th><th>ഢ</th><th>0D22</th></tr><tr><th>C0*</th><th>Consonant Flapped DHA</th><th>ṛh</th><th>ढ़</th><th>095D</th><th>ঢ়</th><th>09DD</th><th>ঢ়</th><th>09DD</th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th>ଢ଼</th><th>0B5D</th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th></tr><tr><th>C1</th><th>Consonant Hard NA</th><th>ṇ</th><th>ण</th><th>0923</th><th>ণ</th><th>09A3</th><th>ণ</th><th>09A3</th><th>ਣ</th><th>0A23</th><th>ણ</th><th>0AA3</th><th>ଣ</th><th>0B23</th><th>ண</th><th>0BA3</th><th>ణ</th><th>0C23</th><th>ಣ</th><th>0CA3</th><th>ണ</th><th>0D23</th></tr><tr><th>C2</th><th>Consonant Soft TA</th><th>t</th><th>त</th><th>0924</th><th>ত</th><th>09A4</th><th>ত</th><th>09A4</th><th>ਤ</th><th>0A24</th><th>ત</th><th>0AA4</th><th>ତ</th><th>0B24</th><th>த</th><th>0BA4</th><th>త</th><th>0C24</th><th>ತ</th><th>0CA4</th><th>ത</th><th>0D24</th></tr><tr><th>C3</th><th>Consonant Soft THA</th><th>th</th><th>थ</th><th>0925</th><th>থ</th><th>09A5</th><th>থ</th><th>09A5</th><th>ਥ</th><th>0A25</th><th>થ</th><th>0AA5</th><th>ଥ</th><th>0B25</th><th colspan="2"></th><th>థ</th><th>0C25</th><th>ಥ</th><th>0CA5</th><th>ഥ</th><th>0D25</th></tr><tr><th>C4</th><th>Consonant Soft DA</th><th>d</th><th>द</th><th>0926</th><th>দ</th><th>09A6</th><th>দ</th><th>09A6</th><th>ਦ</th><th>0A26</th><th>દ</th><th>0AA6</th><th>ଦ</th><th>0B26</th><th colspan="2"></th><th>ద</th><th>0C26</th><th>ದ</th><th>0CA6</th><th>ദ</th><th>0D26</th></tr><tr><th>C5</th><th>Consonant Soft DHA</th><th>dh</th><th>ध</th><th>0927</th><th>ধ</th><th>09A7</th><th>ধ</th><th>09A7</th><th>ਧ</th><th>0A27</th><th>ધ</th><th>0AA7</th><th>ଧ</th><th>0B27</th><th colspan="2"></th><th>ధ</th><th>0C27</th><th>ಧ</th><th>0CA7</th><th>ധ</th><th>0D27</th></tr><tr><th>C6</th><th>Consonant Soft NA</th><th>n</th><th>न</th><th>0928</th><th>ন</th><th>09A8</th><th>ন</th><th>09A8</th><th>ਨ</th><th>0A28</th><th>ન</th><th>0AA8</th><th>ନ</th><th>0B28</th><th>ந</th><th>0BA8</th><th>న</th><th>0C28</th><th>ನ</th><th>0CA8</th><th>ന</th><th>0D28</th></tr><tr><th>C7</th><th>Consonant NA (Tamil)</th><th>ṉ</th><th>ऩ</th><th>0929</th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th>ன</th><th>0BA9</th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th></tr><tr><th>C8</th><th>Consonant PA</th><th>p</th><th>प</th><th>092A</th><th>প</th><th>09AA</th><th>প</th><th>09AA</th><th>ਪ</th><th>0A2A</th><th>પ</th><th>0AAA</th><th>ପ</th><th>0B2A</th><th>ப</th><th>0BAA</th><th>ప</th><th>0C2A</th><th>ಪ</th><th>0CAA</th><th>പ</th><th>0D2A</th></tr><tr><th>C9</th><th>Consonant PHA</th><th>ph</th><th>फ</th><th>092B</th><th>ফ</th><th>09AB</th><th>ফ</th><th>09AB</th><th>ਫ</th><th>0A2B</th><th>ફ</th><th>0AAB</th><th>ଫ</th><th>0B2B</th><th colspan="2"></th><th>ఫ</th><th>0C2B</th><th>ಫ</th><th>0CAB</th><th>ഫ</th><th>0D2B</th></tr><tr><th>C9*</th><th>Consonant FA (Urdu)</th><th>f</th><th>फ़</th><th>095E</th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th>ਫ਼</th><th>0A5E</th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th>ೞ</th><th>0CDE</th><th colspan="2"></th></tr><tr><th>CA</th><th>Consonant BA</th><th>b</th><th>ब</th><th>092C</th><th>ব</th><th>09AC</th><th>ব</th><th>09AC</th><th>ਬ</th><th>0A2C</th><th>બ</th><th>0AAC</th><th>ବ</th><th>0B2C</th><th colspan="2"></th><th>బ</th><th>0C2C</th><th>ಬ</th><th>0CAC</th><th>ബ</th><th>0D2C</th></tr><tr><th>CB</th><th>Consonant BHA</th><th>bh</th><th>भ</th><th>092D</th><th>ভ</th><th>09AD</th><th>ভ</th><th>09AD</th><th>ਭ</th><th>0A2D</th><th>ભ</th><th>0AAD</th><th>ଭ</th><th>0B2D</th><th colspan="2"></th><th>భ</th><th>0C2D</th><th>ಭ</th><th>0CAD</th><th>ഭ</th><th>0D2D</th></tr><tr><th>CC</th><th>Consonant MA</th><th>m</th><th>म</th><th>092E</th><th>ম</th><th>09AE</th><th>ম</th><th>09AE</th><th>ਮ</th><th>0A2E</th><th>મ</th><th>0AAE</th><th>ମ</th><th>0B2E</th><th>ம</th><th>0BAE</th><th>మ</th><th>0C2E</th><th>ಮ</th><th>0CAE</th><th>മ</th><th>0D2E</th></tr><tr><th>CD</th><th>Consonant YA</th><th>y</th><th>य</th><th>092F</th><th>য</th><th>09AF</th><th>য</th><th>09AF</th><th>ਯ</th><th>0A2F</th><th>ય</th><th>0AAF</th><th>ଯ</th><th>0B2F</th><th>ய</th><th>0BAF</th><th>య</th><th>0C2F</th><th>ಯ</th><th>0CAF</th><th>യ</th><th>0D2F</th></tr><tr><th>CE</th><th>Consonant JYA (Bengali, Assamese & Oriya)</th><th>ẏ</th><th>य़</th><th>095F</th><th>য়</th><th>09DF</th><th>য়</th><th>09DF</th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th>ୟ</th><th>0B5F</th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th></tr><tr><th>CF</th><th>Consonant RA</th><th>r̥</th><th>र</th><th>0930</th><th>র</th><th>09B0</th><th>ৰ︎</th><th>09F0</th><th>ਰ</th><th>0A30</th><th>ર</th><th>0AB0</th><th>ର</th><th>0B30</th><th>ர</th><th>0BB0</th><th>ర</th><th>0C30</th><th>ರ</th><th>0CB0</th><th>ര</th><th>0D30</th></tr><tr><th>D0</th><th>Consonant Hard RA (Southern Scripts)</th><th>ṟ</th><th>ऱ</th><th>0931</th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th>ற</th><th>0BB1</th><th>ఱ</th><th>0C31</th><th>ಱ</th><th>0CB1</th><th>റ</th><th>0D31</th></tr><tr><th>D1</th><th>Consonant LA</th><th>l</th><th>ल</th><th>0932</th><th>ল</th><th>09B2</th><th>ল</th><th>09B2</th><th>ਲ</th><th>0A32</th><th>લ</th><th>0AB2</th><th>ଲ</th><th>0B32</th><th>ல</th><th>0BB2</th><th>ల</th><th>0C32</th><th>ಲ</th><th>0CB2</th><th>ല</th><th>0D32</th></tr><tr><th>D2</th><th>Consonant Hard LA</th><th>ḷ</th><th>ळ</th><th>0933</th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th>ਲ਼</th><th>0A33</th><th>ળ</th><th>0AB3</th><th>ଳ</th><th>0B33</th><th>ள</th><th>0BB3</th><th>ళ</th><th>0C33</th><th>ಳ</th><th>0CB3</th><th>ള</th><th>0D33</th></tr><tr><th>D3</th><th>Consonant ZHA (Tamil & Malayalam)</th><th>ḻ</th><th>ऴ</th><th>0934</th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th>ழ</th><th>0BB4</th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th>ഴ</th><th>0D34</th></tr><tr><th>D4</th><th>Consonant VA</th><th>v</th><th>व</th><th>0935</th><th>ব</th><th>09AC</th><th>ৱ</th><th>09F1</th><th>ਵ</th><th>0A35</th><th>વ</th><th>0AB5</th><th>ଵ</th><th>0B35</th><th>வ</th><th>0BB5</th><th>వ</th><th>0C35</th><th>ವ</th><th>0CB5</th><th>വ</th><th>0D35</th></tr><tr><th>D5</th><th>Consonant SHA</th><th>ś</th><th>श</th><th>0936</th><th>শ</th><th>09B6</th><th>শ</th><th>09B6</th><th>ਸ਼</th><th>0A36</th><th>શ</th><th>0AB6</th><th>ଶ</th><th>0B36</th><th>ஶ</th><th>0BB6</th><th>శ</th><th>0C36</th><th>ಶ</th><th>0CB6</th><th>ശ</th><th>0D36</th></tr><tr><th>D6</th><th>Consonant Hard SHA</th><th>ṣ</th><th>ष</th><th>0937</th><th>ষ</th><th>09B7</th><th>ষ</th><th>09B7</th><th colspan="2"></th><th>ષ</th><th>0AB7</th><th>ଷ</th><th>0B37</th><th>ஷ</th><th>0BB7</th><th>ష</th><th>0C37</th><th>ಷ</th><th>0CB7</th><th>ഷ</th><th>0D37</th></tr><tr><th>D7</th><th>Consonant SA</th><th>s</th><th>स</th><th>0938</th><th>স</th><th>09B8</th><th>স</th><th>09B8</th><th>ਸ</th><th>0A38</th><th>સ</th><th>0AB8</th><th>ସ</th><th>0B38</th><th>ஸ</th><th>0BB8</th><th>స</th><th>0C38</th><th>ಸ</th><th>0CB8</th><th>സ</th><th>0D38</th></tr><tr><th>D8</th><th>Consonant HA</th><th>h</th><th>ह</th><th>0939</th><th>হ</th><th>09B9</th><th>হ</th><th>09B9</th><th>ਹ</th><th>0A39</th><th>હ</th><th>0AB9</th><th>ହ</th><th>0B39</th><th>ஹ</th><th>0BB9</th><th>హ</th><th>0C39</th><th>ಹ</th><th>0CB9</th><th>ഹ</th><th>0D39</th></tr><tr><th>D9</th><th>Consonant INVISIBLE</th><th></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th></tr><tr><th>DA</th><th>Vowel Sign AA</th><th>ā</th><th>ा</th><th>093E</th><th>া</th><th>09BE</th><th>া</th><th>09BE</th><th>ਾ</th><th>0A3E</th><th>ા</th><th>0ABE</th><th>ା</th><th>0B3E</th><th>ா</th><th>0BBE</th><th>ా</th><th>0C3E</th><th>ಾ</th><th>0CBE</th><th>ാ</th><th>0D3E</th></tr><tr><th>DB</th><th>Vowel Sign I</th><th>i</th><th>ि</th><th>093F</th><th>ি</th><th>09BF</th><th>ি</th><th>09BF</th><th>ਿ</th><th>0A3F</th><th>િ</th><th>0ABF</th><th>ି</th><th>0B3F</th><th>ி</th><th>0BBF</th><th>ి</th><th>0C3F</th><th>ಿ</th><th>0CBF</th><th>ി</th><th>0D3F</th></tr><tr><th>DB*</th><th>Vowel Sign LI (Sanskrit)</th><th>ḷ</th><th>ॢ</th><th>0962</th><th>ৢ</th><th>09E2</th><th>ৢ</th><th>09E2</th><th colspan="2"></th><th>ૢ</th><th>0AE2</th><th>ୢ</th><th>0B62</th><th colspan="2"></th><th>ౢ</th><th>0C62</th><th>ೢ</th><th>0CE2</th><th>ൢ</th><th>0D62</th></tr><tr><th>DC</th><th>Vowel Sign II</th><th>ī</th><th>ी</th><th>0940</th><th>ী</th><th>09C0</th><th>ী</th><th>09C0</th><th>ੀ</th><th>0A40</th><th>ી</th><th>0AC0</th><th>ୀ</th><th>0B40</th><th>ீ</th><th>0BC0</th><th>ీ</th><th>0C40</th><th>ೀ</th><th>0CC0</th><th>ീ</th><th>0D40</th></tr><tr><th>DC*</th><th>Vowel Sign LII (Sanskrit)</th><th>ḹ</th><th>ॣ</th><th>0963</th><th>ৣ</th><th>09E3</th><th>ৣ</th><th>09E3</th><th colspan="2"></th><th>ૣ</th><th>0AE3</th><th>ୣ</th><th>0B63</th><th colspan="2"></th><th>ౣ</th><th>0C63</th><th>ೣ</th><th>0CE3</th><th>ൣ</th><th>0D63</th></tr><tr><th>DD</th><th>Vowel Sign U</th><th>u</th><th>ु</th><th>0941</th><th>ু</th><th>09C1</th><th>ু</th><th>09C1</th><th>ੁ</th><th>0A41</th><th>ુ</th><th>0AC1</th><th>ୁ</th><th>0B41</th><th>ு</th><th>0BC1</th><th>ు</th><th>0C41</th><th>ು</th><th>0CC1</th><th>ു</th><th>0D41</th></tr><tr><th>DE</th><th>Vowel Sign UU</th><th>ū</th><th>ू</th><th>0942</th><th>ূ</th><th>09C2</th><th>ূ</th><th>09C2</th><th>ੂ</th><th>0A42</th><th>ૂ</th><th>0AC2</th><th>ୂ</th><th>0B42</th><th>ூ</th><th>0BC2</th><th>ూ</th><th>0C42</th><th>ೂ</th><th>0CC2</th><th>ൂ</th><th>0D42</th></tr><tr><th>DF</th><th>Vowel Sign RI</th><th>r̥</th><th>ृ</th><th>0943</th><th>ৃ</th><th>09C3</th><th>ৃ</th><th>09C3</th><th colspan="2"></th><th>ૃ</th><th>0AC3</th><th>ୃ</th><th>0B43</th><th colspan="2"></th><th>ృ</th><th>0C43</th><th>ೃ</th><th>0CC3</th><th>ൃ</th><th>0D43</th></tr><tr><th>DF*</th><th>Vowel Sign RII (Sanskrit)</th><th>ṝ</th><th>ॄ</th><th>0944</th><th>ৄ</th><th>09C4</th><th>ৄ</th><th>09C4</th><th colspan="2"></th><th>ૄ</th><th>0AC4</th><th>ୄ</th><th>0B44</th><th colspan="2"></th><th>ౄ</th><th>0C44</th><th>ೄ</th><th>0CC4</th><th>ൄ</th><th>0D44</th></tr><tr><th>E0</th><th>Vowel Sign E (Southern Scripts)</th><th>e</th><th>ॆ</th><th>0946</th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th>ெ</th><th>0BC6</th><th>ె</th><th>0C46</th><th>ೆ</th><th>0CC6</th><th>െ</th><th>0D46</th></tr><tr><th>E1</th><th>Vowel Sign EY</th><th>ē</th><th>े</th><th>0947</th><th>ে</th><th>09C7</th><th>ে</th><th>09C7</th><th>ੇ</th><th>0A47</th><th>ે</th><th>0AC7</th><th>େ</th><th>0B47</th><th>ே</th><th>0BC7</th><th>ే</th><th>0C47</th><th>ೇ</th><th>0CC7</th><th>േ</th><th>0D47</th></tr><tr><th>E2</th><th>Vowel Sign AI</th><th>ai</th><th>ै</th><th>0948</th><th>ৈ</th><th>09C8</th><th>ৈ</th><th>09C8</th><th>ੈ</th><th>0A48</th><th>ૈ</th><th>0AC8</th><th>ୈ</th><th>0B48</th><th>ை</th><th>0BC8</th><th>ై</th><th>0C48</th><th>ೈ</th><th>0CC8</th><th>ൈ</th><th>0D48</th></tr><tr><th>E3</th><th>Vowel Sign AYE (Devanagari Script)</th><th>ê</th><th>ॅ</th><th>0945</th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th>ૅ</th><th>0AC5</th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th></tr><tr><th>E4</th><th>Vowel Sign O (Southern Scripts)</th><th>o</th><th>ॊ</th><th>094A</th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th>ொ</th><th>0BCA</th><th>ొ</th><th>0C4A</th><th>ೊ</th><th>0CCA</th><th>ൊ</th><th>0D4A</th></tr><tr><th>E5</th><th>Vowel Sign OW</th><th>ō</th><th>ो</th><th>094B</th><th>ো</th><th>09CB</th><th>ো</th><th>09CB</th><th>ੋ</th><th>0A4B</th><th>ો</th><th>0ACB</th><th>ୋ</th><th>0B4B</th><th>ோ</th><th>0BCB</th><th>ో</th><th>0C4B</th><th>ೋ</th><th>0CCB</th><th>ോ</th><th>0D4B</th></tr><tr><th>E6</th><th>Vowel Sign AU</th><th>au</th><th>ौ</th><th>094C</th><th>ৌ</th><th>09CC</th><th>ৌ</th><th>09CC</th><th>ੌ</th><th>0A4C</th><th>ૌ</th><th>0ACC</th><th>ୌ</th><th>0B4C</th><th>ௌ</th><th>0BCC</th><th>ౌ</th><th>0C4C</th><th>ೌ</th><th>0CCC</th><th>ൌ</th><th>0D4C</th></tr><tr><th>E7</th><th>Vowel Sign AWE (Devanagari Script)</th><th>ô</th><th>ॉ</th><th>0949</th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th>ૉ</th><th>0AC9</th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th></tr><tr><th>E8</th><th>Vowel Omission Sign (Halant)</th><th></th><th>्</th><th>094D</th><th>্</th><th>09CD</th><th>্</th><th>09CD</th><th>੍</th><th>0A4D</th><th>્</th><th>0ACD</th><th>୍</th><th>0B4D</th><th>்</th><th>0BCD</th><th>్</th><th>0C4D</th><th>್</th><th>0CCD</th><th>്</th><th>0D4D</th></tr><tr><th>E9</th><th>Diacritic Sign (Nuktam)</th><th></th><th>़</th><th>093C</th><th>়</th><th>09BC</th><th>়</th><th>09BC</th><th>਼</th><th>0A3C</th><th>઼</th><th>0ABC</th><th>଼</th><th>0B3C</th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th>಼</th><th>0CBC</th><th colspan="2"></th></tr><tr><th>EA</th><th>Full Stop (Viram, Northern Scripts)</th><th></th><th>।</th><th>0964</th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th></tr><tr><th>EA*</th><th>Vowel Stress Sign <a href="/facts/Avagraha/39AzNhUN">AVAGRAH</a></th><th></th><th>ऽ</th><th>093D</th><th>ঽ</th><th>09BD</th><th>ঽ</th><th>09BD</th><th colspan="2"></th><th>ઽ</th><th>0ABD</th><th>ଽ</th><th>0B3D</th><th colspan="2"></th><th>ఽ</th><th>0C3D</th><th>ಽ</th><th>0CBD</th><th>ഽ</th><th>0D3D</th></tr><tr><th>EB</th><th colspan="22">Unused</th></tr><tr><th>EC</th><th colspan="22">Unused</th></tr><tr><th>ED</th><th colspan="22">Unused</th></tr><tr><th>EE</th><th colspan="22">Unused</th></tr><tr><th>EF</th><th>Attribute Code</th><th></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th></th><th></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th></tr><tr><th>F0</th><th>Extension Code</th><th></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th></th><th></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th><th colspan="2"></th></tr><tr><th>F1</th><th>Digit 0</th><th></th><th>०</th><th>0966</th><th>০</th><th>09E6</th><th>০</th><th>09E6</th><th>੦</th><th>0A66</th><th>૦</th><th>0AE6</th><th>୦</th><th>0B66</th><th>௦</th><th>0BE6</th><th>౦</th><th>0C66</th><th>೦</th><th>0CE6</th><th>൦</th><th>0D66</th></tr><tr><th>F2</th><th>Digit 1</th><th></th><th>१</th><th>0967</th><th>১</th><th>09E7</th><th>১</th><th>09E7</th><th>੧</th><th>0A67</th><th>૧</th><th>0AE7</th><th>୧</th><th>0B67</th><th>௧</th><th>0BE7</th><th>౧</th><th>0C67</th><th>೧</th><th>0CE7</th><th>൧</th><th>0D67</th></tr><tr><th>F3</th><th>Digit 2</th><th></th><th>२</th><th>0968</th><th>২</th><th>09E8</th><th>২</th><th>09E8</th><th>੨</th><th>0A68</th><th>૨</th><th>0AE8</th><th>୨</th><th>0B68</th><th>௨</th><th>0BE8</th><th>౨</th><th>0C68</th><th>೨</th><th>0CE8</th><th>൨</th><th>0D68</th></tr><tr><th>F4</th><th>Digit 3</th><th></th><th>३</th><th>0969</th><th>৩</th><th>09E9</th><th>৩</th><th>09E9</th><th>੩</th><th>0A69</th><th>૩</th><th>0AE9</th><th>୩</th><th>0B69</th><th>௩</th><th>0BE9</th><th>౩</th><th>0C69</th><th>೩</th><th>0CE9</th><th>൩</th><th>0D69</th></tr><tr><th>F5</th><th>Digit 4</th><th></th><th>४</th><th>096A</th><th>৪</th><th>09EA</th><th>৪</th><th>09EA</th><th>੪</th><th>0A6A</th><th>૪</th><th>0AEA</th><th>୪</th><th>0B6A</th><th>௪</th><th>0BEA</th><th>౪</th><th>0C6A</th><th>೪</th><th>0CEA</th><th>൪</th><th>0D6A</th></tr><tr><th>F6</th><th>Digit 5</th><th></th><th>५</th><th>096B</th><th>৫</th><th>09EB</th><th>৫</th><th>09EB</th><th>੫</th><th>0A6B</th><th>૫</th><th>0AEB</th><th>୫</th><th>0B6B</th><th>௫</th><th>0BEB</th><th>౫</th><th>0C6B</th><th>೫</th><th>0CEB</th><th>൫</th><th>0D6B</th></tr><tr><th>F7</th><th>Digit 6</th><th></th><th>६</th><th>096C</th><th>৬</th><th>09EC</th><th>৬</th><th>09EC</th><th>੬</th><th>0A6C</th><th>૬</th><th>0AEC</th><th>୬</th><th>0B6C</th><th>௬</th><th>0BEC</th><th>౬</th><th>0C6C</th><th>೬</th><th>0CEC</th><th>൬</th><th>0D6C</th></tr><tr><th>F8</th><th>Digit 7</th><th></th><th>७</th><th>096D</th><th>৭</th><th>09ED</th><th>৭</th><th>09ED</th><th>੭</th><th>0A6D</th><th>૭</th><th>0AED</th><th>୭</th><th>0B6D</th><th>௭</th><th>0BED</th><th>౭</th><th>0C6D</th><th>೭</th><th>0CED</th><th>൭</th><th>0D6D</th></tr><tr><th>F9</th><th>Digit 8</th><th></th><th>८</th><th>096E</th><th>৮</th><th>09EE</th><th>৮</th><th>09EE</th><th>੮</th><th>0A6E</th><th>૮</th><th>0AEE</th><th>୮</th><th>0B6E</th><th>௮</th><th>0BEE</th><th>౮</th><th>0C6E</th><th>೮</th><th>0CEE</th><th>൮</th><th>0D6E</th></tr><tr><th>FA</th><th>Digit 9</th><th></th><th>९</th><th>096F</th><th>৯</th><th>09EF</th><th>৯</th><th>09EF</th><th>੯</th><th>0A6F</th><th>૯</th><th>0AEF</th><th>୯</th><th>0B6F</th><th>௯</th><th>0BEF</th><th>౯</th><th>0C6F</th><th>೯</th><th>0CEF</th><th>൯</th><th>0D6F</th></tr><tr><th>FB</th><th colspan="22">Unused</th></tr><tr><th>FC</th><th colspan="22">Unused</th></tr><tr><th>FD</th><th colspan="22">Unused</th></tr><tr><th>FE</th><th colspan="22">Unused</th></tr><tr><th>FF</th><th colspan="22">Unused</th></tr></tbody></table> <h2 id="external-links">External links</h2> <ul><li><a href="http://ltrc.iiit.ac.in/showfile.php?filename=downloads/FC-1.0/fc.html">Converters from/to ISCII to/from various fonts</a></li> <li><a href="http://padma.mozdev.org">Padma – Mozilla extension for transforming ISCII to Unicode</a> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191001172317/http://padma.mozdev.org/">Archived</a> 2019-10-01 at the <a href="/facts/Wayback_Machine/nmQ3a6JC">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091026134653/http://geocities.com/vnagarjuna/padma.html">Padma – Transformer from ISCII to Unicode for Telugu</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.phpclasses.org/browse/package/2991.html">PHP script for ISCII to and from Unicode</a></li></ul> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>Apple (2005-04-05) [1998-02-05]. "Map (external version) from Mac OS Devanagari encoding to Unicode 2.1 and later". Unicode Consortium. <a href="/wiki/Apple_Inc" target="_blank">/wiki/Apple_Inc</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>The Unicode Standard v15.0 Chapter 12 (PDF). The Unicode Consortium. Retrieved 13 August 2024. <a href="https://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode15.0.0/ch12.pdf" target="_blank">https://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode15.0.0/ch12.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>The Unicode Standard v15.0 Chapter 12 (PDF). The Unicode Consortium. Retrieved 13 August 2024. <a href="https://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode15.0.0/ch12.pdf" target="_blank">https://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode15.0.0/ch12.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>The Unicode Standard v15.0 Chapter 12 (PDF). The Unicode Consortium. Retrieved 13 August 2024. <a href="https://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode15.0.0/ch12.pdf" target="_blank">https://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode15.0.0/ch12.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>IS13194:1991 (Soft copy) (PDF). Beureau of Indian Standards. 1999. <a href="http://varamozhi.sourceforge.net/iscii91.pdf" target="_blank">http://varamozhi.sourceforge.net/iscii91.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:6"><p>The Unicode Standard v15.0 Chapter 12 (PDF). The Unicode Consortium. Retrieved 13 August 2024. <a href="https://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode15.0.0/ch12.pdf" target="_blank">https://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode15.0.0/ch12.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:7"><p>IS13194:1991 (Soft copy) (PDF). Beureau of Indian Standards. 1999. <a href="http://varamozhi.sourceforge.net/iscii91.pdf" target="_blank">http://varamozhi.sourceforge.net/iscii91.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:8"><p>Apple (2005-04-05) [1998-02-05]. "Map (external version) from Mac OS Devanagari encoding to Unicode 2.1 and later". Unicode Consortium. <a href="/wiki/Apple_Inc" target="_blank">/wiki/Apple_Inc</a> <a href="#fnref:8" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:9"><p>IS13194:1991 (Soft copy) (PDF). Beureau of Indian Standards. 1999. <a href="http://varamozhi.sourceforge.net/iscii91.pdf" target="_blank">http://varamozhi.sourceforge.net/iscii91.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:9" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:10"><p>IS13194:1991 (Soft copy) (PDF). Beureau of Indian Standards. 1999. <a href="http://varamozhi.sourceforge.net/iscii91.pdf" target="_blank">http://varamozhi.sourceforge.net/iscii91.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:10" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:11"><p>This table can be derived from the correpsondece by tables 2 and 3 in the ISCII standard here[3] and the Unicode Standard code charts. <a href="#fnref:11" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> </ol>