4chan

<h2 id="background">Background</h2>

The majority of posting on 4chan takes place on <a href="/facts/Imageboard/w5n42Clc">imageboards</a>, on which users have the ability to share images and create threaded discussions.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:5" href="#fn:5">5</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:6" href="#fn:6">6</a> As of August 2022<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=4chan&action=edit">[update]</a>, the site's homepage lists 75 <a href="/facts/Imageboard/w5n42Clc">imageboards</a> and one <a href="/facts/Flash_animation/NkgqK5Ja">Flash animation</a> board. Most boards have their own set of rules and are dedicated to a specific topic, including anime and manga, video games, music, literature, fitness, politics, and sports, among others. Uniquely, the "Random" board—also known as /b/—enforces few rules.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:7" href="#fn:7">7</a>
4chan is the Internet's most trafficked imageboard, according to the <a href="/facts/Los_Angeles_Times/jFHbcmb9">Los Angeles Times</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:8" href="#fn:8">8</a> 4chan's <a href="/facts/Alexa_Internet/GM1LI4IU">Alexa</a> rank was 853 in March 2022,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:9" href="#fn:9">9</a> though it has been as high as 56.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:10" href="#fn:10">10</a> It is provided to its users free of charge and consumes a large amount of <a href="/facts/Bandwidth_(computing)/lY6Tb4gX">bandwidth</a>; as a result, its financing has often been problematic. Poole has acknowledged that donations alone could not keep the site online, and turned to advertising to help make ends meet.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:11" href="#fn:11">11</a> However, the explicit content hosted on 4chan has deterred businesses who do not want to be associated with the site's content.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:12" href="#fn:12">12</a> In January 2009, Poole signed a new deal with an advertising company; in February 2009, he was $20,000 in debt, and the site was continuing to lose money.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:13" href="#fn:13">13</a> The 4chan servers were moved from Texas to California in August 2008, which upgraded the maximum bandwidth throughput of 4chan from 100 Mbit/s to 1 Gbit/s.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:14" href="#fn:14">14</a>
Unlike most web forums, 4chan does not have a registration system, allowing users to post <a href="/facts/Anonymity/HUJJCdv1">anonymously</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:15" href="#fn:15">15</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:16" href="#fn:16">16</a> Posting is <a href="/facts/Ephemeral/tAvLGoVk">ephemeral</a>, as threads receiving recent replies are "<a href="/facts/Internet_forum/bRuqfQfN">bumped</a>" to the top of their respective board and old threads are deleted as new ones are created.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:17" href="#fn:17">17</a> Any nickname may be used when posting, even one that has been previously adopted, such as "Anonymous" or "moot".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:18" href="#fn:18">18</a> In place of registration, 4chan has provided <a href="/facts/Tripcode/w5n42Clc">tripcodes</a> as an optional form of authenticating a poster's identity.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:19" href="#fn:19">19</a> As making a post without filling in the "Name" field causes posts to be attributed to "Anonymous", general understanding on 4chan holds that Anonymous is not a single person but a collective (hive) of users.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:20" href="#fn:20">20</a>
Moderators generally post without a name even when performing <a href="/facts/Sysop/r9GAlm3y">sysop</a> actions. A "capcode" may be used to attribute the post to "Anonymous ## Mod", although moderators often post without the capcode.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:21" href="#fn:21">21</a> In a 2011 interview on <a href="/facts/Nico_Nico_Douga/MFXy15zH">Nico Nico Douga</a>, Poole explained that there are approximately 20 volunteer moderators active on 4chan.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:22" href="#fn:22">22</a> 4chan also has a junior moderation team, called "janitors", who may delete posts or images and suggest that the normal moderation team ban a user, but who cannot post with a capcode. Revealing oneself as a janitor is grounds for immediate dismissal.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:23" href="#fn:23">23</a> Gianluca Stringhini, an associate professor at <a href="/facts/Boston_University_College_of_Engineering/fd4a7FlF">Boston University College of Engineering</a>, said in August 2024, "The only moderation on the platform appears to be for clearly illegal content, such as <a href="/facts/Child_pornography/6wgSAcnP">child pornography</a>. Everything else remains untouched."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:24" href="#fn:24">24</a>
4chan has been the target of occasional <a href="/facts/Denial-of-service_attack/6nkoK02J">denial of service attacks</a>. For instance, on December 28, 2010, 4chan and other websites went down due to such an attack, following which Poole said on his blog, "We now join the ranks of <a href="/facts/MasterCard/M0lofWzy">MasterCard</a>, <a href="/facts/Visa_Inc./v2B56a8f">Visa</a>, <a href="/facts/PayPal/tlShukIa">PayPal</a>, et al. - an exclusive club!"<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:25" href="#fn:25">25</a>

<h2 id="history">History</h2>
<h3>2000s</h3>
The site was launched as 4chan.net on October 1, 2003, by Christopher Poole, a then-15-year-old student from <a href="/facts/New_York_City/YlyvFmVC">New York City</a> using the online handle "moot".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:26" href="#fn:26">26</a> Poole had been a regular participant on <a href="/facts/Something_Awful/MedbE5n6">Something Awful</a>'s <a href="/facts/Internet_forum/bRuqfQfN">subforum</a> "Anime Death Tentacle Rape Whorehouse" (ADTRW), where many users were familiar with the Japanese imageboard format and <a href="/facts/Futaba_Channel/szefe1jK">Futaba Channel</a> ("2chan.net").<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:27" href="#fn:27">27</a> When creating 4chan, Poole obtained Futaba Channel's open <a href="/facts/Source_code/o9J6Jv23">source code</a> and translated the Japanese text into English using <a href="/facts/AltaVista/X0C5ts5p">AltaVista</a>'s <a href="/facts/Yahoo!_Babel_Fish/g8d8G0nN">Babel Fish</a> online translator.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:28" href="#fn:28">28</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:29" href="#fn:29">29</a> After the site's creation, Poole invited users from the ADTRW subforum, many of whom were dissatisfied with the site's moderation, to visit 4chan, which he advertised as an English-language counterpart to Futaba Channel and a place for Western fans to discuss anime and manga.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:30" href="#fn:30">30</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:31" href="#fn:31">31</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:32" href="#fn:32">32</a> At its founding, the site only hosted one board: /b/ (Anime/Random).<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:33" href="#fn:33">33</a>
Before the end of 2003, several new anime-related boards were added, including /h/ (<a href="/facts/Hentai/fH208gzU">Hentai</a>), /c/ (<a href="/facts/Kawaii/j4LyhzFW">Anime/Cute</a>), /d/ (Hentai/Alternative), /w/ (Wallpapers/Anime), /y/ (<a href="/facts/Yaoi/hFefjps2">Yaoi</a>), and /a/ (Anime). In the early days of the website, Poole hosted meetings from 2005 to 2008 in various locations to promote it, such as <a href="/facts/Otakon/WnlV0apS">Otakon</a>,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:34" href="#fn:34">34</a> that popularized some of the first 4chan-related memes.
Additionally, a <a href="/facts/Lolicon/x7I7fn6r">lolicon</a> board was created at /l/ (Lolikon),<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:35" href="#fn:35">35</a> but was disabled following the posting of genuine <a href="/facts/Child_pornography/6wgSAcnP">child pornography</a> and ultimately deleted in October 2004, after threats of legal action.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:36" href="#fn:36">36</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:37" href="#fn:37">37</a> In February 2004, <a href="/facts/GoDaddy/01LonA2G">GoDaddy</a> suspended the 4chan.net domain, prompting Poole to move the site to its current domain at 4chan.org. On March 1, 2004, Poole announced that he lacked the funds to pay the month's server bill, but was able to continue operations after receiving a swarm of donations from users.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:38" href="#fn:38">38</a> In June 2004, 4chan experienced six weeks of downtime due to PayPal suspending 4chan's donations service after receiving complaints about the site's content.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:39" href="#fn:39">39</a>
Following 4chan's return, several non-anime related boards were introduced, including /k/ (Weapons), /o/ (<a href="/facts/Car/I1IsH8IK">Auto</a>), and /v/ (<a href="/facts/Video_game/vmTdNASJ">Video Games</a>).<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:40" href="#fn:40">40</a> In 2008, nine new boards were created, including the sports board at /sp/, the fashion board at /fa/ and the "Japan/General" (the name later changed to "<a href="/facts/Otaku/d7kWXELT">Otaku</a> Culture") board at /jp/.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:41" href="#fn:41">41</a> By this point, 4chan's culture had altered, moving away from the "early, more childish," humour, as evident by the likes of <a href="/facts/Project_Chanology/gHsCvpX2">Project Chanology</a>; trolling underwent a so-called "golden age" that took aim at American corporate media.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:42" href="#fn:42">42</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:43" href="#fn:43">43</a>

<h3>2010s</h3>

In January 2011, Poole announced the deletion of the <a href="/facts//r9k//eSLuYvUN">/r9k/</a> ("ROBOT9000") and /new/ (News) boards, saying that /new/ had become devoted to racist discussions, and /r9k/ no longer served its original purpose of being a test implementation of <a href="/facts/Xkcd/gKN41MAN">xkcd</a>'s <a href="/facts/ROBOT9000/cheRgy8P">ROBOT9000</a> script.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:44" href="#fn:44">44</a> During the same year, the /soc/ board was created in an effort to reduce the number of socialization threads on /b/. /r9k/ was restored on October 23, 2011, along with /hc/ ("Hardcore", previously deleted), <a href="/facts//pol//IqUdH71g">/pol/</a> (a rebranding of /new/) and the new /diy/ board, in addition to an apology by Poole where he recalls how he criticized the deletion of <a href="/facts/Encyclopedia_Dramatica/cGChprN6">Encyclopedia Dramatica</a> and realized that he had done the same.
In 2010, 4chan had implemented <a href="/facts/ReCAPTCHA/mlH8SurM">reCAPTCHA</a> in an effort to thwart spam arising from <a href="/facts/JavaScript/XhhIIEsl">JavaScript</a> worms. By November 2011, 4chan made the transition to utilizing <a href="/facts/Cloudflare/CmQr5dy4">Cloudflare</a> following a series of <a href="/facts/Distributed-denial-of-service/6nkoK02J">DDoS</a> attacks. The 4chan imageboards were rewritten in valid <a href="/facts/HTML5/HBAxEAr6">HTML5</a>/<a href="/facts/CSS3/tA90XBQo">CSS3</a> in May 2012 in an effort to improve client-side performance.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:45" href="#fn:45">45</a> On September 28, 2012, 4chan introduced a "4chan pass"<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:46" href="#fn:46">46</a> that, when purchased, "allows users to bypass typing a reCAPTCHA verification when posting and reporting posts on the 4chan image boards"; the money raised from the passes to go towards supporting the site.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:47" href="#fn:47">47</a>

On January 21, 2015, Poole stepped down as the site's administrator, citing stress from controversies such as <a href="/facts/Gamergate_(harassment_campaign)/d5fNTT14">Gamergate</a> as the reason for his departure.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:48" href="#fn:48">48</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:49" href="#fn:49">49</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:50" href="#fn:50">50</a> On September 21, 2015, Poole announced that <a href="/facts/Hiroyuki_Nishimura/UTouNkIS">Hiroyuki Nishimura</a> had purchased from him the ownership rights to 4chan, without disclosing the terms of the acquisition.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:51" href="#fn:51">51</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:52" href="#fn:52">52</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:53" href="#fn:53">53</a> Nishimura was the former administrator of <a href="/facts/2channel/9fKR8y13">2channel</a> between 1999 and 2014, the website forming the basis for anonymous posting culture which influenced later websites such as Futaba Channel and 4chan;<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:54" href="#fn:54">54</a> Nishimura lost 2channel's domain after it was seized by his registrar, <a href="/facts/Jim_Watkins_(businessman)/eP82M6U9">Jim Watkins</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:55" href="#fn:55">55</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:56" href="#fn:56">56</a> due the latter's alleged financial difficulties.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:57" href="#fn:57">57</a> <a href="/facts/Wired_(magazine)/RQb6gcyf">Wired</a> later reported that Japanese toy manufacturer <a href="/facts/Good_Smile_Company/tJA0Qx5g">Good Smile Company</a>, Japanese telecommunication <a href="/facts/Dwango_(company)/bMlzPMmD">Dwango</a>, and Nishimura's company Future Search Brazil may have helped facilitate Nishimura's purchase, with anonymous sources telling the publication that Good Smile obtained partial ownership in the website as compensation.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:58" href="#fn:58">58</a>
In October 2016, it was reported that the site was facing financial difficulties that could lead to its closure or radical changes.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:59" href="#fn:59">59</a> In a post titled "Winter is Coming", Hiroyuki Nishimura explained, "We had tried to keep 4chan as is. But I failed. I am sincerely sorry", citing server costs, infrastructure costs, and network fees.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:60" href="#fn:60">60</a>
On November 17, 2018, it was announced that the site would be split into two, with the work-safe boards moved to a new domain, 4channel.org, while the NSFW boards would remain on the 4chan.org domain. In a series of posts on the topic, Nishimura explained that the split was due to 4chan being blacklisted by most advertising companies and that the new 4channel domain would allow for the site to receive advertisements by mainstream ad providers.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:61" href="#fn:61">61</a> All boards returned to the 4chan.org domain in December 2023 for unknown reasons, and 4channel.org now redirects to 4chan.org.

<h3>2020s</h3>
In a 2020 interview with Vice Media, several current or past moderators spoke about what they perceived as racist intent behind the site's management. They alleged that a managing moderator named RapeApe was attempting to use the site as a recruitment tool for the alt-right, and that Nishimura was "hands-off, leaving moderation of the site primarily to RapeApe." Neither Nishimura nor RapeApe responded to these allegations.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:62" href="#fn:62">62</a> Far-right extremism has been reported by public authorities, commentators and civil society groups as connected, in part, to 4chan, an association that had arisen by 2015.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:63" href="#fn:63">63</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:64" href="#fn:64">64</a> According to 4chan's filings to the New York Attorney General's Office, 4chan signed an agreement to pay RapeApe $3,000 a month for their services in 2015. By May 2022, that fee had risen to $4,400 a month. The submitted documents also revealed RapeApe lamenting that 4chan was "getting the shaft" over the Buffalo terrorist attack and his attempt to persuade the advertising platform Bid.Glass to reverse their exit from the website.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:65" href="#fn:65">65</a>

<h3>Christopher Poole</h3>
Main article: <a href="/facts/Christopher_Poole/S4daf0QN">Christopher Poole</a>
Poole concealed his real-life identity until it was revealed on July 9, 2008, in <a href="/facts/The_Wall_Street_Journal/9Pkf2cYK">The Wall Street Journal</a>. Prior to that, he had used the alias "moot".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:66" href="#fn:66">66</a>
In April 2009, an open Internet poll conducted by <a href="/facts/Time_(magazine)/N4FXc99l">Time magazine</a> voted Poole as the world's <a href="/facts/Marblecake_also_the_game/12J5tflY">most influential person of 2008</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:67" href="#fn:67">67</a> The results were questioned even before the poll completed, as automated voting programs and manual <a href="/facts/Ballot_stuffing/Mrud2cLA">ballot stuffing</a> were used to influence the vote.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:68" href="#fn:68">68</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:69" href="#fn:69">69</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:70" href="#fn:70">70</a> 4chan's interference with the vote seemed increasingly likely, when it was found that <a href="/facts/Acrostics/cHvNEjaA">reading the first letter</a> of the first 21 candidates in the poll spelled out a phrase containing two 4chan memes: "mARBLECAKE. ALSO, <a href="/facts/The_Game_(mind_game)/v6hjrURD">THE GAME</a>."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:71" href="#fn:71">71</a>
On September 12, 2009, Poole gave a talk regarding 4chan's reputation as a "Meme Factory" at the Paraflows Symposium in <a href="/facts/Vienna/NSpIURsA">Vienna, Austria</a>, which was part of the Paraflows 09 festival, themed <a href="/facts/Reality_Hacking/Pf2eep2m">Urban Hacking</a>. In this talk, Poole mainly attributed this both to the anonymous system and to the lack of data retention on the site ("The site has no memory.").<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:72" href="#fn:72">72</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:73" href="#fn:73">73</a>
In April 2010, Poole testified in the trial <a href="/facts/Sarah_Palin_email_hack/Pec7JGAz">United States of America v. David Kernell</a> as a government witness,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:74" href="#fn:74">74</a> explaining the terminology used on 4chan to the prosecutor, ranging from "OP" to "<a href="/facts/Lurker/1xhtVqhX">lurker</a>", as well as the nature of the data given to the <a href="/facts/Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation/UY93jwX6">FBI</a> as part of the <a href="/facts/Search_warrant/Dn4yseJt">search warrant</a>, including how users can be uniquely identified from site audit logs.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:75" href="#fn:75">75</a>

<h2 id="notable-boards">Notable boards</h2>
<table><tbody><tr><th>Board</th><th>Name</th><th><a href="/facts/NSFW/n0VUNKv1">NSFW</a></th><th>Year Created</th></tr><tr><td>/3/</td><td><a href="/facts/3DCG/zlWW6eaF">3DCG</a></td><td>No</td><td>2005</td></tr><tr><td>/a/</td><td><a href="/facts/Anime/d5j1by0m">Anime</a> & <a href="/facts/Manga/DPkkyHos">Manga</a></td><td>No</td><td>2003</td></tr><tr><td>/aco/</td><td>Adult Cartoons</td><td>Yes</td><td>2015</td></tr><tr><td>/adv/</td><td>Advice</td><td>No</td><td>2010</td></tr><tr><td>/an/</td><td>Animals & Nature</td><td>No</td><td>2006</td></tr><tr><td>/asp/</td><td>Alternative Sports</td><td>No</td><td>2013</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts//b//fxdz9a2W">/b/</a></td><td>Random</td><td>Yes</td><td>2003</td></tr><tr><td>/bant/</td><td>International/Random</td><td>Yes</td><td>2017</td></tr><tr><td>/biz/</td><td>Business & Finance</td><td>No</td><td>2014</td></tr><tr><td>/c/</td><td><a href="/facts/Kawaii/j4LyhzFW">Anime/Cute</a></td><td>No</td><td>2003</td></tr><tr><td>/cgl/</td><td><a href="/facts/Cosplay/vQdxMIeg">Cosplay</a> & EGL</td><td>No</td><td>2006</td></tr><tr><td>/ck/</td><td>Cooking</td><td>No</td><td>2006</td></tr><tr><td>/cm/</td><td>Cute/Male</td><td>No</td><td>2004</td></tr><tr><td>/co/</td><td><a href="/facts/Comics/KeDK1haL">Comics</a> & <a href="/facts/Cartoons/24v34f3m">Cartoons</a></td><td>No</td><td>2006</td></tr><tr><td>/d/</td><td><a href="/facts/Hentai/fH208gzU">Hentai</a>/Alternative</td><td>Yes</td><td>2003</td></tr><tr><td>/diy/</td><td>Do It Yourself</td><td>No</td><td>2011</td></tr><tr><td>/e/</td><td><a href="/facts/Ecchi/nsQr2c8u">Ecchi</a></td><td>Yes</td><td>2005</td></tr><tr><td>/f/</td><td><a href="/facts/Adobe_Flash/3Lrp9JuH">Flash</a></td><td>No</td><td>2004</td></tr><tr><td>/fa/</td><td>Fashion</td><td>No</td><td>2008</td></tr><tr><td>/fit/</td><td>Fitness</td><td>No</td><td>2008</td></tr><tr><td>/g/</td><td>Technology</td><td>No</td><td>2003</td></tr><tr><td>/gd/</td><td>Graphic Design</td><td>No</td><td>2013</td></tr><tr><td>/gif/</td><td>Adult GIF</td><td>Yes</td><td>2005</td></tr><tr><td>/h/</td><td><a href="/facts/Hentai/fH208gzU">Hentai</a></td><td>Yes</td><td>2003</td></tr><tr><td>/hc/</td><td>Hardcore</td><td>Yes</td><td>2008</td></tr><tr><td>/his/</td><td>History & Humanities</td><td>No</td><td>2015</td></tr><tr><td>/hm/</td><td>Handsome Men</td><td>Yes</td><td>2012</td></tr><tr><td>/hr/</td><td>High Resolution</td><td>Yes</td><td>2005</td></tr><tr><td>/i/</td><td>Oekaki</td><td>No</td><td>2003</td></tr><tr><td>/ic/</td><td>Artwork/Critique</td><td>No</td><td>2005</td></tr><tr><td>/int/</td><td>International</td><td>No</td><td>2011</td></tr><tr><td>/jp/</td><td><a href="/facts/Otaku/d7kWXELT">Otaku Culture</a></td><td>No</td><td>2008</td></tr><tr><td>/k/</td><td>Weapons</td><td>No</td><td>2004</td></tr><tr><td>/lgbt/</td><td>LGBT</td><td>No</td><td>2013</td></tr><tr><td>/lit/</td><td>Literature</td><td>No</td><td>2010</td></tr><tr><td>/m/</td><td>Mecha</td><td>No</td><td>2004</td></tr><tr><td>/mlp/</td><td><a href="/facts/My_Little_Pony/2aEk36mS">My Little Pony</a></td><td>No</td><td>2012</td></tr><tr><td>/mu/</td><td>Music</td><td>No</td><td>2006</td></tr><tr><td>/n/</td><td>Transportation</td><td>No</td><td>2006</td></tr><tr><td>/news/</td><td>Current News</td><td>No</td><td>2015</td></tr><tr><td>/o/</td><td>Auto</td><td>No</td><td>2004</td></tr><tr><td>/out/</td><td>Outdoors</td><td>No</td><td>2013</td></tr><tr><td>/p/</td><td>Photography</td><td>No</td><td>2005</td></tr><tr><td>/po/</td><td>Papercraft & Origami</td><td>No</td><td>2006</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts//pol//IqUdH71g">/pol/</a></td><td>Politically Incorrect</td><td>Yes</td><td>2011</td></tr><tr><td>/pw/</td><td>Professional Wrestling</td><td>No</td><td>2021</td></tr><tr><td>/qa/</td><td>Question & Answer</td><td>No</td><td>2015</td></tr><tr><td>/qst/</td><td>Quests</td><td>No</td><td>2016</td></tr><tr><td>/r/</td><td>Request</td><td>Yes</td><td>2004</td></tr><tr><td>/r9k/</td><td><a href="/facts/ROBOT9000/cheRgy8P">ROBOT9001</a></td><td>Yes</td><td>2008</td></tr><tr><td>/s/</td><td>Sexy Beautiful Women</td><td>Yes</td><td>2003</td></tr><tr><td>/s4s/</td><td><a href="/facts/Shitposting/JchynWJx">Shit 4chan Says</a></td><td>Yes</td><td>2013</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts//sci//eSLuYvUN">/sci/</a></td><td>Science & Math</td><td>No</td><td>2010</td></tr><tr><td>/sp/</td><td>Sports</td><td>No</td><td>2006</td></tr><tr><td>/t/</td><td><a href="/facts/Torrent_file/j0SwIJrW">Torrents</a></td><td>Yes</td><td>2003</td></tr><tr><td>/tg/</td><td>Traditional Games</td><td>No</td><td>2007</td></tr><tr><td>/toy/</td><td><a href="/facts/Toys/7UR9xrJ9">Toys</a></td><td>No</td><td>2008</td></tr><tr><td>/trash/</td><td>Off-Topic</td><td>No</td><td>2015</td></tr><tr><td>/trv/</td><td>Travel</td><td>No</td><td>2008</td></tr><tr><td>/tv/</td><td>Television & Film</td><td>No</td><td>2006</td></tr><tr><td>/u/</td><td><a href="/facts/Yuri_(genre)/paHRCbG8">Yuri</a></td><td>Yes</td><td>2004</td></tr><tr><td>/v/</td><td>Video Games</td><td>No</td><td>2004</td></tr><tr><td>/vg/</td><td>Video Game Generals</td><td>No</td><td>2012</td></tr><tr><td>/vip/</td><td>Very Important Posts</td><td>No</td><td>2016</td></tr><tr><td>/vm/</td><td>Video Games/Multiplayer</td><td>No</td><td>2020</td></tr><tr><td>/vmg/</td><td>Video Games/Mobile</td><td>No</td><td>2020</td></tr><tr><td>/vp/</td><td><a href="/facts/Pok%C3%A9mon/g1cjJz0p">Pokémon</a></td><td>No</td><td>2010</td></tr><tr><td>/vrpg/</td><td>Video Games/RPG</td><td>No</td><td>2020</td></tr><tr><td>/vst/</td><td>Video Games/Strategy</td><td>No</td><td>2020</td></tr><tr><td>/vt/</td><td><a href="/facts/Virtual_YouTubers/R3e68NAK">Virtual YouTubers</a></td><td>No</td><td>2021</td></tr><tr><td>/w/</td><td>Anime/Wallpapers</td><td>No</td><td>2003</td></tr><tr><td>/wg/</td><td>Wallpapers/General</td><td>No</td><td>2005</td></tr><tr><td>/wsg/</td><td>Worksafe GIF</td><td>No</td><td>2012</td></tr><tr><td>/wsr/</td><td>Worksafe Requests</td><td>No</td><td>2015</td></tr><tr><td>/x/</td><td>Paranormal</td><td>No</td><td>2007</td></tr><tr><td>/xs/</td><td>Extreme Sports</td><td>No</td><td>2021</td></tr><tr><td>/y/</td><td><a href="/facts/Yaoi/hFefjps2">Yaoi</a></td><td>Yes</td><td>2003</td></tr></tbody></table>

<h3>/b/</h3>
Main article: <a href="/facts//b//fxdz9a2W">/b/</a>
The "random" board, /b/, follows the design of Futaba Channel's Nijiura ("Random") board. It was the first board created, and has been described as 4chan's most popular board, accounting for 30% of site traffic in 2009.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:76" href="#fn:76">76</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:77" href="#fn:77">77</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:78" href="#fn:78">78</a> <a href="/facts/Gawker.com/xBATfRA8">Gawker</a>'s Nick Douglas summarized /b/ as a board where "people try to shock, entertain, and coax free porn from each other."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:79" href="#fn:79">79</a> /b/ has a "no rules" policy, except for bans on certain illegal content, such as <a href="/facts/Child_pornography/6wgSAcnP">child pornography</a>, invasions of other websites (posting floods of disruptive content), and under-18 viewing, all of which are inherited from site-wide rules. The "no invasions" rule was added in late 2006, after /b/ users spent most of that summer <a href="/facts/Habbo/DR5mDXsI">"invading" Habbo Hotel</a>. The "no rules" policy also applies to actions of administrators and moderators, which means that users may be banned at any time, for any reason, including for no reason at all.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:80" href="#fn:80">80</a> Due partially to its anonymous nature, board moderation is not always successful—indeed, the site's anti-child pornography rule is a subject of jokes on /b/.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:81" href="#fn:81">81</a> Christopher Poole told <a href="/facts/The_New_York_Times/T9marWVX">The New York Times</a>, in a discussion on the moderation of /b/, that "the power lies in the community to dictate its own standards" and that site staff simply provided a framework.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:82" href="#fn:82">82</a>
The humor of /b/'s many users, who refer to themselves as "/b/tards",<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:83" href="#fn:83">83</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:84" href="#fn:84">84</a> is often incomprehensible to newcomers and outsiders, and is characterized by intricate <a href="/facts/In-joke/T7pUY8nA">inside jokes</a> and <a href="/facts/Dark_comedy/HyjoJzFA">dark comedy</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:85" href="#fn:85">85</a> Users often refer to each other, and much of the outside world, as <a href="/facts/Faggot_(slang)/h0uMmokX">fags</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:86" href="#fn:86">86</a> They are often referred to by outsiders as <a href="/facts/Troll_(Internet)/fQJXsSTN">trolls</a>, who regularly act with the intention of "doing it for the lulz", a <a href="/facts/Language_change/ycYsECY0">corruption</a> of "<a href="/facts/LOL/y3c1cVlR">LOL</a>" used to denote <a href="/facts/Schadenfreude/W7kSHltA">amusement at another's expense</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:87" href="#fn:87">87</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:88" href="#fn:88">88</a> A significant amount of media coverage is in response to /b/'s culture, which has been characterized as adolescent, crude<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:89" href="#fn:89">89</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:90" href="#fn:90">90</a> and spiteful,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:91" href="#fn:91">91</a> with one publication writing that their "bad behavior is encouraged by the site's total anonymity and the absence of an archive".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:92" href="#fn:92">92</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:93" href="#fn:93">93</a> Douglas cited <a href="/facts/Encyclopedia_Dramatica/cGChprN6">Encyclopedia Dramatica</a>'s definition of /b/ as "the asshole of the Internets [sic]".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:94" href="#fn:94">94</a> Mattathias Schwartz of The New York Times likened /b/ to "a high-school bathroom stall, or an obscene <a href="/facts/Party_line_(telephony)/CsRE9v6g">telephone party line</a>",<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:95" href="#fn:95">95</a> while <a href="/facts/Baltimore_City_Paper/64A1RXzF">Baltimore City Paper</a> wrote that "in the high school of the Internet, /b/ is the kid with a collection of <a href="/facts/Butterfly_knife/EcbW4UWx">butterfly knives</a> and a locker full of porn."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:96" href="#fn:96">96</a> <a href="/facts/Wired_(magazine)/RQb6gcyf">Wired</a> describes /b/ as "notorious".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:97" href="#fn:97">97</a>
Each post is assigned a post number. Certain post numbers are sought after with a large amount of posting taking place to "GET" them. A "GET" occurs when a post's number ends in a special number, such as 12345678, 22222222, or every millionth post.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:98" href="#fn:98">98</a> A sign of 4chan's scaling, according to Poole, was when GETs lost meaning due to the high post rate resulting in a GET occurring every few weeks. He estimated /b/'s post rate in July 2008 to be 150,000–200,000 posts per day.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:99" href="#fn:99">99</a>

<h3>/mu/</h3>
Main article: /mu/
The music board, /mu/, is dedicated to the discussion of music artists, albums, genres, and instruments.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:100" href="#fn:100">100</a> Described as "4chan's best kept secret" and a "surprisingly artistic side of 4chan", /mu/ is used by users to share their music interests with similar minds and discover "great music they would never have found otherwise" with many moments of insightful candor that can affirm or challenge their own musical tastes.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:101" href="#fn:101">101</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:102" href="#fn:102">102</a> The board has gained notoriety for earnestly focusing upon and promoting challenging and otherwise obscure music.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:103" href="#fn:103">103</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:104" href="#fn:104">104</a> Some common genres discussed on /mu/ include <a href="/facts/Shoegaze/nGdAGr8K">shoegaze</a>,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:105" href="#fn:105">105</a> <a href="/facts/Experimental_hip_hop/32CbQswF">experimental hip hop</a>,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:106" href="#fn:106">106</a> <a href="/facts/Witch_house_(genre)/U9KqMk6L">witch house</a>,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:107" href="#fn:107">107</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:108" href="#fn:108">108</a> <a href="/facts/Intelligent_dance_music/X5puuGou">IDM</a>,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:109" href="#fn:109">109</a> <a href="/facts/Midwest_emo/6qNTHXR9">midwest emo</a>,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:110" href="#fn:110">110</a> <a href="/facts/Vaporwave/oxxyDGEr">vaporwave</a>,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:111" href="#fn:111">111</a> and <a href="/facts/K-pop/3d7p4uKH">K-pop</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:112" href="#fn:112">112</a> There is a significant overlap between user bases of /mu/ and music site <a href="/facts/Rate_Your_Music/FpER6edu">Rate Your Music</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:113" href="#fn:113">113</a> The board's culture has inspired many online music communities and <a href="/facts/Meme/65Qsyhak">meme</a> pages on social media that emulate /mu/'s posting style.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:114" href="#fn:114">114</a>
Publications such as <a href="/facts/Pitchfork_(website)/a5SkWa6I">Pitchfork</a> and <a href="/facts/Entertainment_Weekly/BhADudJx">Entertainment Weekly</a> noted the board played a significant role in popularizing various music artists, such as <a href="/facts/Death_Grips/mMgVdpDI">Death Grips</a>,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:115" href="#fn:115">115</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:116" href="#fn:116">116</a> <a href="/facts/Neutral_Milk_Hotel/CLVebgML">Neutral Milk Hotel</a>,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:117" href="#fn:117">117</a> <a href="/facts/Car_Seat_Headrest/GDpnvKnC">Car Seat Headrest</a>,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:118" href="#fn:118">118</a> and <a href="/facts/Have_a_Nice_Life/C8XcVx0z">Have a Nice Life</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:119" href="#fn:119">119</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:120" href="#fn:120">120</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:121" href="#fn:121">121</a> Prominent music critic <a href="/facts/Anthony_Fantano/JgWaBF6c">Anthony Fantano</a> began his career on /mu/ and developed a significant following there.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:122" href="#fn:122">122</a> Some artists, like <a href="/facts/Zeal_%26_Ardor/U6dmKHch">Zeal & Ardor</a> and <a href="/facts/Conrad_Tao/A9sLErBy">Conrad Tao</a>, admitted to posting their music anonymously on /mu/ to get honest feedback, as well as find inspiration from the board.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:123" href="#fn:123">123</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:124" href="#fn:124">124</a> In particular, Zeal & Ardor said their sound, which mixes <a href="/facts/Black_metal/g4xlNCoV">black metal</a> with <a href="/facts/Spirituals/1gutmM45">spirituals</a>, came from suggestions by two users.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:125" href="#fn:125">125</a> <a href="/facts/Andrew_W.K./Gyvwu716">Andrew W.K.</a> did a Q&A with the board's users in 2011, causing the servers to crash from the increased traffic.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:126" href="#fn:126">126</a> Death Grips seeded various clues on /mu/ in 2012 about their then-upcoming albums <a href="/facts/The_Money_Store_(album)/msJqQL8a">The Money Store</a> and <a href="/facts/No_Love_Deep_Web/qycv1nBy">No Love Deep Web</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:127" href="#fn:127">127</a> A rendition of "<a href="/facts/Royals_(Lorde_song)/JC3jNgwq">Royals</a>" by <a href="/facts/Lorde/SdHCVszJ">Lorde</a> appeared on /mu/ in 2012 before its official release, although she denied ever writing on the board in 2014.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:128" href="#fn:128">128</a> Singer <a href="/facts/Lauren_Mayberry/cWN05My2">Lauren Mayberry</a> shared on <a href="/facts/Twitter/VWwDNGUm">Twitter</a> in 2015 a link to a thread on /mu/ about <a href="/facts/Chvrches/tlLG5g3g">her band</a>'s song "<a href="/facts/Leave_a_Trace/F1fMpVjw">Leave a Trace</a>" to showcase what online misogyny looks like.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:129" href="#fn:129">129</a> An alleged unreleased <a href="/facts/Radiohead/6TVeLFk7">Radiohead</a> song, titled "Putting Ketchup in the Fridge" and "How Do You Sit Still", was initially reported as genuine by <a href="/facts/NME/EAscmwXq">NME</a> and <a href="/facts/Spin_(magazine)/tCLvAj2N">Spin</a> until <a href="/facts/CNN/kEYsUQqr">CNN</a> revealed it was a hoax promoted by the board's users.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:130" href="#fn:130">130</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:131" href="#fn:131">131</a>
The board has been acknowledged for sharing rare music recordings and unreleased materials, as well as finding albums thought to be lost. Notable examples include the works of <a href="/facts/Duster_(band)/bccTsvC9">Duster</a>,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:132" href="#fn:132">132</a> D>E>A>T>H>M>E>T>A>L by <a href="/facts/Panchiko/N6w46jXr">Panchiko</a>,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:133" href="#fn:133">133</a> and <a href="/facts/All_Lights_Fucked_on_the_Hairy_Amp_Drooling/wjCCNgap">All Lights Fucked on the Hairy Amp Drooling</a> by <a href="/facts/Godspeed_You!_Black_Emperor/fwCaAs5s">Godspeed You! Black Emperor</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:134" href="#fn:134">134</a> This was described by <a href="/facts/NPR/BohIW9Xg">NPR</a> as resembling "a secret club of preservationists obsessed with the articulation of a near-dead language".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:135" href="#fn:135">135</a> The board has attracted further attention for various projects done by its users. A group called The Pablo Collective posted a 4-track <a href="/facts/Remix_album/LNPcUbyU">remix album</a> of <a href="/facts/Kanye_West/9AptrF4P">Kanye West</a>'s <a href="/facts/The_Life_of_Pablo/pUl0Paeg">The Life of Pablo</a> titled The Death of Pablo to /mu/, claiming it was based on a recurring dream from one of the board's users.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:136" href="#fn:136">136</a> A <a href="/facts/Role-playing_game/bN0QjhPs">role-playing game</a> based on Neutral Milk Hotel's <a href="/facts/In_the_Aeroplane_Over_the_Sea/pHJpgHv1">In the Aeroplane Over the Sea</a>, designed with help from the board's users, received coverage from <a href="/facts/Polygon_(website)/shfk0yXN">Polygon</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:137" href="#fn:137">137</a> and Pitchfork.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:138" href="#fn:138">138</a>

<h3>/pol/</h3>
Main article: <a href="/facts//pol//IqUdH71g">/pol/</a>
/pol/ ("<a href="/facts/Political_correctness/HGNd0J4b">Politically Incorrect</a>") is 4chan's <a href="/facts/Political_criticism/uCR5tVD1">political discussion</a> board. A <a href="/facts/Internet_forum/bRuqfQfN">stickied</a> thread on its front page states that the board's intended purpose is "discussion of news, world events, political issues, and other related topics."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:139" href="#fn:139">139</a> /pol/ was created in October 2011 as a rebranding of 4chan's <a href="/facts/News/BrNUWM1c">news</a> board, /new/,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:140" href="#fn:140">140</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:141" href="#fn:141">141</a> which was deleted that January for a high volume of racist discussion.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:142" href="#fn:142">142</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:143" href="#fn:143">143</a>
Although there had previously been a strong <a href="/facts/Left-libertarian/X97aVJ68">left-libertarian</a> contingent to 4chan activists, there was a gradual rightward turn on 4chan's politics board in the early-mid 2010s, with the fundamentalist approach to free speech contributing.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:144" href="#fn:144">144</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:145" href="#fn:145">145</a> The board quickly attracted posters with a political persuasion that later would be described with a new term, the <a href="/facts/Alt-right/h4XtmDca">alt-right</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:146" href="#fn:146">146</a> Media sources have characterized /pol/ as predominantly <a href="/facts/Racism/SfrqGbu8">racist</a> and <a href="/facts/Sexism/laBoxq0Q">sexist</a>, with many of its posts taking an explicitly <a href="/facts/Neo-Nazism/2HJmfQhR">neo-Nazi</a> bent.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:147" href="#fn:147">147</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:148" href="#fn:148">148</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:149" href="#fn:149">149</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:150" href="#fn:150">150</a> The site's far-reaching culture of vitriolic and discriminatory content is "most closely associated" with /pol/, although only it features predominant Alt-Right beliefs; /pol/, like other boards, has been prominent in the dissemination of memes, in cases, featuring coordination to disperse Alt-Right sentiments.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:151" href="#fn:151">151</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:152" href="#fn:152">152</a> /pol/ "increasingly became synonymous with 4chan as a whole".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:153" href="#fn:153">153</a> The <a href="/facts/Southern_Poverty_Law_Center/T25z3Hf7">Southern Poverty Law Center</a> regards /pol/'s rhetorical style as widely emulated by <a href="/facts/White_supremacy/RBQEYS2y">white supremacist</a> websites such as <a href="/facts/The_Daily_Stormer/c9LABXnK">The Daily Stormer</a>; the Stormer's editor, <a href="/facts/Andrew_Anglin/lABzX4E4">Andrew Anglin</a>, concurred.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:154" href="#fn:154">154</a> /pol/ was where screenshots of <a href="/facts/Trayvon_Martin/Mvfpyjo9">Trayvon Martin</a>'s hacked social media accounts were initially posted.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:155" href="#fn:155">155</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:156" href="#fn:156">156</a> The board's users have started <a href="/facts/Antifeminism/jQFsg3FT">antifeminist</a>, <a href="/facts/Homophobia/Xzeqopl5">homophobic</a>, <a href="/facts/Transphobia/7xo6qgo0">transphobic</a>, and <a href="/facts/Anti-Arabism/PporolqW">anti-Arab</a> <a href="/facts/Twitter/VWwDNGUm">Twitter</a> campaigns.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:157" href="#fn:157">157</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:158" href="#fn:158">158</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:159" href="#fn:159">159</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:160" href="#fn:160">160</a>
Many /pol/ users favored <a href="/facts/Donald_Trump/pqqKY21P">Donald Trump</a> during his <a href="/facts/Donald_Trump_presidential_campaign,_2016/lSJEDMjy">2016 United States presidential campaign.</a> Both Trump and his son, <a href="/facts/Donald_Trump_Jr./xBzcDFSl">Donald Trump Jr.</a>, appeared to acknowledge the support by <a href="/facts/Twitter/VWwDNGUm">tweeting</a> /pol/-associated memes. Upon his successful election, a /pol/ moderator embedded a pro-Trump video at the top of all of the board's pages.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:161" href="#fn:161">161</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:162" href="#fn:162">162</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:163" href="#fn:163">163</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:164" href="#fn:164">164</a>

<h3>/r9k/</h3>
/r9k/ is a board that implements <a href="/facts/Randall_Munroe/cheRgy8P">Randall Munroe</a>'s "<a href="/facts/Randall_Munroe/cheRgy8P">ROBOT9000</a>" algorithm, where no exact reposts are permitted.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:165" href="#fn:165">165</a> It is credited as the origin of the "greentext" rhetorical style which often center around stories of social interactions and resulting ineptness.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:166" href="#fn:166">166</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:167" href="#fn:167">167</a> By 2012, personal confession stories of self-loathing, depression, and attempted suicide began to supersede /b/-style <a href="/facts/Role-playing_game/bN0QjhPs">roleplaying</a>, <a href="/facts/Otaku/d7kWXELT">otaku</a>, and video game discussion.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:168" href="#fn:168">168</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:169" href="#fn:169">169</a>
It became a popular gathering place for the controversial online <a href="/facts/Incel/luIr1SNV">incel</a> community.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:170" href="#fn:170">170</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:171" href="#fn:171">171</a> The "beta uprising" or "beta rebellion" meme, the idea of taking revenge against women, <a href="/facts/Jock_(stereotype)/HQ2NEfRe">jocks</a> and others perceived as the cause of incels' problems, was popularized on the subsection.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:172" href="#fn:172">172</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:173" href="#fn:173">173</a> The perpetrator of the <a href="/facts/Toronto_van_attack/kzyuPMEn">Toronto van attack</a> referenced 4chan and an <a href="/facts/Incel/luIr1SNV">incel</a> rebellion in a Facebook post he made prior to the attack, while praising self-identified incel Elliot Rodger, the killer behind the <a href="/facts/2014_Isla_Vista_killings/kAYwNax3">2014 Isla Vista killings</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:174" href="#fn:174">174</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:175" href="#fn:175">175</a> He claims to have talked with both Harper-Mercer and Rodger on Reddit and 4chan and believes that he was part of a "beta uprising", also posting a message on 4chan about his intention the day before his attack.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:176" href="#fn:176">176</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:177" href="#fn:177">177</a>

<h3>/sci/</h3>
/sci/ is 4chan's <a href="/facts/STEM/NAsAI1nG">science and mathematics</a> board. On September 26, 2011, an anonymous user on /sci/ posted a question regarding the shortest possible way to watch all possible orders of episodes of the anime <a href="/facts/Haruhi_Suzumiya/oKcnVwe8">The Melancholy of Haruhi Suzumiya</a> in nonchronological order. Shortly after, an anonymous user responded with a mathematical proof that argued viewers would have to watch at least 93,884,313,611 episodes to see all possible orderings. Seven years later, professional mathematicians recognized the mathematical proof as a partial solution to a <a href="/facts/Superpermutation/3elAGxnj">superpermutations</a> problem that was unsolved for 25 years. Australian mathematician <a href="/facts/Greg_Egan/1Woy4erh">Greg Egan</a> later published a proof inspired by the proof from the anonymous 4chan user, both of which are recognized as significant advances to the problem.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:178" href="#fn:178">178</a>

<h3>/v/</h3>
/v/ is 4chan's <a href="/facts/Video_games/vmTdNASJ">video games</a> board. The board has spawned multiple Internet memes, most notably the <a href="/facts/NPC_(meme)/HIuefDSu">NPC Wojak</a> in 2016 (derived from the gaming term <a href="/facts/Non-player_character/hg6vxMp5">non-player character</a> to describe those who do not think for themselves or make their own conscious decisions).<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:179" href="#fn:179">179</a>

<h3>/x/</h3>
Main article: <a href="/facts//x//mrKPhobk">/x/</a>

The "paranormal" board, /x/, is dedicated to discussing topics regarding <a href="/facts/Paranormal/0BeTVPJC">unexplained phenomena</a>, the <a href="/facts/Supernatural/qSlTK0Ss">supernatural</a>, and non-political <a href="/facts/Conspiracy_theory/sNr2Kmh8">conspiracy theories</a>. /x/ was initially launched in January 2005 as 4chan's general <a href="/facts/Photography/ezLPT43M">photography</a> board; in February 2007, it was repurposed as a paranormal-themed board.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:180" href="#fn:180">180</a>
Many of the earliest <a href="/facts/Creepypasta/t2k5fBKY">creepypastas</a> (Internet <a href="/facts/Horror_fiction/vugIWsz8">horror</a>-related legends) were created on /x/.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:181" href="#fn:181">181</a> The idea of <a href="/facts/The_Backrooms/JRtHo0eW">the Backrooms</a> gained popularity thanks to a thread on /x/ created on 12 May 2019, where the users were asked to "post disquieting images that just feel 'off'." There, the first photo depicting the Backrooms was uploaded and another user commented on it with the first story about the Backrooms, claiming that one enters the Backrooms when they "<a href="/facts/Noclip_mode/aX6HrlUq">noclip</a> out of reality in the wrong areas". After the 4chan post gained fame, several Internet users wrote horror stories relating to the Backrooms. Many memes were created and shared across social media, further popularizing the creepypasta.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:182" href="#fn:182">182</a>
American model <a href="/facts/Allison_Harvard/KDCdWlT8">Allison Harvard</a> first gained notoriety in 2005 as an <a href="/facts/Internet_meme/f1fL5oT3">Internet meme</a> on the /x/ board where she became known as Creepy Chan.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:183" href="#fn:183">183</a> Known for her large eyes and peculiar interests like fascination with blood, photos she posted on her blog were widely circulated on the board. She gained mainstream notoriety in 2009 and again in 2011 by appearing on <a href="/facts/America%27s_Next_Top_Model/nYB0t6yI">America's Next Top Model</a>. She would visit /x/ after new episodes of America's Next Top Model would air to see what was being written about her and participate in the discussions.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:184" href="#fn:184">184</a>
The <a href="/facts/SCP_Foundation/tEQSFVYy">SCP Foundation</a>, a fictional secret organization documented by the collaborative writing wiki project of the same name, originated on /x/ in 2007, when the first SCP file, SCP-173, was posted by an anonymous user.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:185" href="#fn:185">185</a> Initially a stand-alone short story, many additional SCP files were created shortly after; these new SCPs copied SCP-173's style and were set within the same <a href="/facts/Fictional_universe/ESj2DCy2">fictional universe</a>. A stand-alone wiki was created in January 2008 on the EditThis <a href="/facts/Wiki_hosting_service/lw6wh7aK">wiki hosting service</a> to display the SCP articles. The EditThis website did not have moderators, or the ability to delete articles. Members communicated through individual article talk pages and the /x/ board.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:186" href="#fn:186">186</a>
/x/ was the first place where the 2015 viral video <a href="/facts/11B-X-1371/DDJ1BKKu">11B-X-1371</a> was posted.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:187" href="#fn:187">187</a> The board also contributed to investigating and popularizing the controversial <a href="/facts/Sad_Satan/A7cW4FFX">Sad Satan</a> video game.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:188" href="#fn:188">188</a>

<h2 id="internet-culture">Internet culture</h2>
<h3>Early internet memes</h3>
"[A] significant and influential element of contemporary internet culture", 4chan is responsible for many early <a href="/facts/Internet_meme/f1fL5oT3">memes</a> and the site has received positive attention for its association with memes.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:189" href="#fn:189">189</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:190" href="#fn:190">190</a> This included "<a href="/facts/So_I_herd_u_liek_mudkipz/J2HHwX5R">So I herd u liek mudkipz</a>" [<a href="/facts/Sic/qB9MUUWF">sic</a>], which involved a phrase based on <a href="/facts/Pok%C3%A9mon/g1cjJz0p">Pokémon</a> and which generated numerous YouTube tribute videos,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:191" href="#fn:191">191</a> and the term "an hero" [<a href="/facts/Sic/qB9MUUWF">sic</a>] as a synonym for <a href="/facts/Suicide/j92cWcay">suicide</a>, after a misspelling in the <a href="/facts/Myspace/dES860Ro">Myspace</a> <a href="/facts/Online_memorial/3Dq6zCVV">online memorial</a> of seventh grader Mitchell Henderson.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:192" href="#fn:192">192</a> 4chan and other websites, such as the satirical <a href="/facts/Encyclopedia_Dramatica/cGChprN6">Encyclopedia Dramatica</a>, have also contributed to the development of significant amounts of <a href="/facts/Leet/oAbNH1IL">leetspeak</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:193" href="#fn:193">193</a>

A <a href="/facts/Lolcat/gKeTFmrE">lolcat</a> is an image combining a photograph of a cat with solecistic text intended to contribute humour, widely popularized by 4chan in the form of a weekly post dedicated to them and a corresponding theme.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:194" href="#fn:194">194</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:195" href="#fn:195">195</a>
In 2005, the installment of a <a href="/facts/Wordfilter/dzU9eqAE">word filter</a> which changed "egg" to "duck", and thus "eggroll" to "duckroll", across 4chan led to a <a href="/facts/Bait-and-switch/Ad55hENz">bait-and-switch</a> meme in which users deceitfully linked to a picture of a duck on wheels.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:196" href="#fn:196">196</a> This was then modified into users linking to the music video for <a href="/facts/Rick_Astley/q0Plm2m6">Rick Astley</a>'s 1987 song "<a href="/facts/Never_Gonna_Give_You_Up/0XypPmkB">Never Gonna Give You Up</a>". Thus, the "<a href="/facts/Rickrolling/8r7Cfs7B">rickroll</a>" was born.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:197" href="#fn:197">197</a>
A link to the YouTube video of <a href="/facts/Tay_Zonday/3fe7S4SU">Tay Zonday</a>'s song "<a href="/facts/Chocolate_Rain/G75Uecsa">Chocolate Rain</a>" was posted on /b/ on July 11, 2007, and then subsequently circulated by users, becoming a very popular internet meme.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:198" href="#fn:198">198</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:199" href="#fn:199">199</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:200" href="#fn:200">200</a> The portion of the song in which Zonday turns away from the microphone, with a caption stating "I move away from the mic to breathe in", became an oft-repeated meme on 4chan and inspired remixes.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:201" href="#fn:201">201</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:202" href="#fn:202">202</a> Fellow YouTuber <a href="/facts/Catherine_Wayne/6FFrUHNw">Boxxy</a>'s popularity was also due in part to 4chan.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:203" href="#fn:203">203</a>
In his American incarnation, <a href="/facts/Pedobear/9IQlEh4J">Pedobear</a> is an <a href="/facts/Anthropomorphic/foTf9q24">anthropomorphic</a> bear <a href="/facts/Child_predator/JFt4u8Mv">child predator</a> that is often used within the community to mock contributors showing a sexual interest in children.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:204" href="#fn:204">204</a> Pedobear is one of the most popular memes on non-English imageboards, and has gained recognition across Europe, appearing in offline publications.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:205" href="#fn:205">205</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:206" href="#fn:206">206</a> It has been used as a symbol of pedophilia by <a href="/facts/Malta/FsqM3M37">Maltese</a> graffiti vandals prior to a papal visit.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:207" href="#fn:207">207</a>

<h3>Anonymous and anti-Scientology activism</h3>
See also: <a href="/facts/Anonymous_(hacker_group)/Qm7Nqlro">Anonymous (hacker group)</a> and <a href="/facts/Project_Chanology/gHsCvpX2">Project Chanology</a>

4chan has been labeled as the starting point of the Anonymous meme by The <a href="/facts/Baltimore_City_Paper/64A1RXzF">Baltimore City Paper</a>,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:208" href="#fn:208">208</a> due to the norm of posts signed with the "Anonymous" moniker. The <a href="/facts/National_Post/MNTuVGP8">National Post</a>'s David George-Cosh said it has been "widely reported" that Anonymous is associated with 4chan and 711chan, as well as numerous <a href="/facts/Internet_Relay_Chat/oDr3VN9q">Internet Relay Chat</a> (IRC) channels.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:209" href="#fn:209">209</a>
Through its association with Anonymous, 4chan has become associated with Project Chanology, a worldwide protest against the <a href="/facts/Church_of_Scientology/7ymYWP74">Church of Scientology</a> held by members of Anonymous. On January 15, 2008, a 4chan user posted to /b/, suggesting participants "do something big" against the Church of Scientology's website. This message resulted in the Church receiving threatening phone calls. It quickly grew into a large real-world protest. Unlike previous Anonymous attacks, this action was characterized by 4chan <a href="/facts/Internet_meme/f1fL5oT3">memes</a> including <a href="/facts/Rickrolling/8r7Cfs7B">rickrolls</a> and <a href="/facts/Guy_Fawkes_mask/xHM6aw0v">Guy Fawkes masks</a>. The raid drew criticism from some 4chan users who felt it would bring the site undesirable attention.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:210" href="#fn:210">210</a>

<h3>My Little Pony: Friendship is Magic fandom</h3>
Main article: <a href="/facts/My_Little_Pony:_Friendship_is_Magic_fandom/ml2RS1H2">My Little Pony: Friendship is Magic fandom</a>
<a href="/facts/My_Little_Pony:_Friendship_Is_Magic_fandom/ml2RS1H2">The adult fandom</a> and subculture dedicated to the children's animated television series <a href="/facts/My_Little_Pony:_Friendship_Is_Magic/XeeYqQhN">My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic</a> began on the "Comics & Cartoons" (/co/) board of 4chan. The show was first discussed with some interest around its debut in October 2010.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:211" href="#fn:211">211</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:212" href="#fn:212">212</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:213" href="#fn:213">213</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:214" href="#fn:214">214</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:215" href="#fn:215">215</a> The users of /co/ took a heightened interest in the show after a critical <a href="/facts/Cartoon_Brew/FUWP71Sx">Cartoon Brew</a> article was shared, resulting in praise for its plot, characters, and animation style.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:216" href="#fn:216">216</a> Discussion of the show extended to /b/, eventually to a point of contention. Discussion then spread forth to communities external to 4chan, including the establishment of the fan websites, causing the show to reach a wider audience across the internet.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:217" href="#fn:217">217</a>

<h3>"This post is art"</h3>
On July 30, 2014, an anonymous user made a reply in a thread on the board <a href="/facts//pol//IqUdH71g">/pol/</a> "Politically Incorrect" of 4chan, criticizing modern art in an ironic fashion, saying:

Art used to be something to cherish
Now literally anything could be art

This post is art.— Anonymous<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:218" href="#fn:218">218</a>
Less than an hour later the post was photographed off the screen and framed by another user who posted another reply in the thread with a photo of the framed quote. Later the user, after endorsement by other anonymous users in the thread, created an auction on <a href="/facts/EBay/bDswVAKB">eBay</a> for the framed photo which quickly rose to high prices, culminating in a price of $90,900.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:219" href="#fn:219">219</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:220" href="#fn:220">220</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:221" href="#fn:221">221</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:222" href="#fn:222">222</a>

<h2 id="controversies-and-harassment-incidents">Controversies and harassment incidents</h2>

<h3>Internet raids</h3>
See also: <a href="/facts/Anonymous_(hacker_group)/Qm7Nqlro">Anonymous (hacker group) § 4chan raids (2003–2007)</a>, and <a href="/facts/Sarah_Palin_email_hack/Pec7JGAz">Sarah Palin email hack</a>

According to <a href="/facts/The_Washington_Post/dRvzvqJc">The Washington Post</a>, "the site's users have managed to pull off some of the highest-profile collective actions in the history of the Internet."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:223" href="#fn:223">223</a>
Users of 4chan and other websites "raided" <a href="/facts/Hal_Turner/UebDXGWs">Hal Turner</a> by launching <a href="/facts/Denial_of_service_attack/6nkoK02J">DDoS attacks</a> and <a href="/facts/Prank_call/oVYYag73">prank calling</a> his phone-in radio show during December 2006 and January 2007. The attacks caused Turner's website to go offline. This cost thousands of dollars of bandwidth bills according to Turner. In response, Turner <a href="/facts/Filing_(legal)/GBFsMjNA">sued</a> 4chan, 7chan, and other websites; however, he lost his plea for an <a href="/facts/Injunction/jQPYPJ6M">injunction</a> and failed to receive letters from the court.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:224" href="#fn:224">224</a>
<a href="/facts/KTTV/2SJoUule">KTTV</a> Fox 11 aired a report on <a href="/facts/Anonymous_(hacker_group)/Qm7Nqlro">Anonymous</a>, calling them a group of "hackers on steroids", "domestic terrorists", and collectively an "Internet hate machine" on July 26, 2007.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:225" href="#fn:225">225</a> <a href="/facts/Slashdot/vVpMuby2">Slashdot</a> founder <a href="/facts/Rob_Malda/e3Kp14Sp">Rob Malda</a> posted a comment made by another Slashdot user, Miang, stating that the story focused mainly on users of "4chan, 7chan and 420chan". Miang claimed that the report "seems to confuse /b/ raids and <a href="/facts/Motivational_poster/rV1Q5koe">motivational poster</a> templates with a genuine threat to the American public", arguing that the "unrelated" footage of a van exploding shown in the report was to "equate anonymous posting with domestic terror".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:226" href="#fn:226">226</a>
On July 10, 2008, the <a href="/facts/Swastika/621c40UU">swastika</a> <a href="/facts/CJK_Unified_Ideographs/780Y4fvJ">CJK unicode character</a> (卐) appeared at the top of <a href="/facts/Google/GT9Sugza">Google</a>'s <a href="/facts/Google_Trends/IE3oLW8l">Hot Trends</a> list—a tally of the most used search terms in the United States—for several hours. It was later reported that the <a href="/facts/HTML/sSc3fT78">HTML</a> <a href="/facts/Numeric_character_reference/wCEzNIlC">numeric character reference</a> for the symbol had been posted on /b/, with a request to perform a <a href="/facts/Google_Search/LFnCogKt">Google search</a> for the string. A multitude of /b/ visitors followed the order and pushed the symbol to the top of the chart, though Google later removed the result.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:227" href="#fn:227">227</a>
Later that year, the private <a href="/facts/Yahoo!_Mail/YjVXo9ao">Yahoo! Mail</a> account of <a href="/facts/Sarah_Palin/8SrofF7k">Sarah Palin</a>, <a href="/facts/Republican_Party_(United_States)/XXM1EVPr">Republican</a> vice presidential candidate in the <a href="/facts/2008_United_States_presidential_election/GEIXYxXu">2008 United States presidential election</a>, was <a href="/facts/Sarah_Palin_email_hack/Pec7JGAz">hacked</a> by a 4chan user. The hacker posted the account's password on /b/, and <a href="/facts/Screenshot/efJKoKp5">screenshots</a> from within the account to <a href="/facts/WikiLeaks/rm4lC2cD">WikiLeaks</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:228" href="#fn:228">228</a> A /b/ user then logged in and changed the password, posting a screenshot of him sending an email to a friend of Palin's informing her of the new password on the /b/ thread. However, he forgot to blank out the password in the screenshot.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:229" href="#fn:229">229</a> A multitude of /b/ users attempted to log in with the new password, and the account was automatically locked out by Yahoo!. The incident was criticized by some /b/ users. One user commented, "seriously, /b/. We could have changed history and failed, epically."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:230" href="#fn:230">230</a> The <a href="/facts/Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation/UY93jwX6">FBI</a> and <a href="/facts/United_States_Secret_Service/SsbfALvK">Secret Service</a> began investigating the incident shortly after its occurrence. On September 20 it was revealed they were questioning David Kernell, the son of <a href="/facts/Democratic_Party_(United_States)/MNe3nDrL">Democratic</a> <a href="/facts/Tennessee_House_of_Representatives/AM33KREd">Tennessee State Representative</a> <a href="/facts/Mike_Kernell/c0sM0hoP">Mike Kernell</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:231" href="#fn:231">231</a>
The stock price of <a href="/facts/Apple_Inc./oTJYta3k">Apple Inc.</a> fell significantly in October 2008 after a hoax story was submitted to <a href="/facts/CNN/kEYsUQqr">CNN</a>'s user-generated news site <a href="/facts/I-Report/QxvU4zoq">iReport.com</a> claiming that company CEO <a href="/facts/Steve_Jobs/fQpja1hx">Steve Jobs</a> had suffered a major heart attack. The source of the story was traced back to 4chan.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:232" href="#fn:232">232</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:233" href="#fn:233">233</a>
In May 2009, members of the site attacked <a href="/facts/YouTube/db276jst">YouTube</a>, posting <a href="/facts/Pornography/1chvn1Xt">pornographic</a> videos on the video-sharing platform under names of teenage celebrities.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:234" href="#fn:234">234</a> The attack spawned the popular <a href="/facts/Internet_meme/f1fL5oT3">Internet meme</a> and catchphrase "I'm 12 years old and what is this?" as a response to a user comment on one such video. A 4chan member acknowledged being part of the attack, telling <a href="/facts/BBC_News/oGAe2H8E">BBC News</a> that it was in response to YouTube "deleting music".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:235" href="#fn:235">235</a> In January 2010, members of the site attacked YouTube again in response to the suspension of YouTube user lukeywes1234 for failing to meet the minimum age requirement of thirteen.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:236" href="#fn:236">236</a> The videos uploaded by the user had apparently become popular with 4chan members, who subsequently became angered after the account was suspended and called for a new wave of pornographic videos to be uploaded to YouTube on January 6, 2010.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:237" href="#fn:237">237</a> Later the same year, 4chan made numerous disruptive pranks directed at singer <a href="/facts/Justin_Bieber/3yR2amA3">Justin Bieber</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:238" href="#fn:238">238</a>
In September 2010, in retaliation against the <a href="/facts/Bollywood/e8fwANBT">Bollywood</a> film industry's hiring of Aiplex Software to launch cyberattacks against <a href="/facts/The_Pirate_Bay/V8jQU7eP">The Pirate Bay</a>, Anonymous members, recruited through posts on 4chan boards, subsequently initiated their own attacks, dubbed <a href="/facts/Operation_Payback/kp43Vk08">Operation Payback</a>, targeting the website of the <a href="/facts/Motion_Picture_Association_of_America/QHz4RQIN">Motion Picture Association of America</a> and the <a href="/facts/Recording_Industry_Association_of_America/8a7K0Ubf">Recording Industry Association of America</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:239" href="#fn:239">239</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:240" href="#fn:240">240</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:241" href="#fn:241">241</a> The targeted websites usually went offline for a short period of time due to the attacks, before recovering.
The website of the UK law firm <a href="/facts/ACS:Law/ckj7ghRM">ACS:Law</a>, which was associated with an anti-piracy client, was affected by the cyber-attack.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:242" href="#fn:242">242</a> In retaliation for the initial attacks being called only a minor nuisance, Anonymous launched more attacks, bringing the site down yet again. After coming back up, the front page accidentally revealed a backup file of the entire website, which contained over 300 megabytes of private company emails, which were leaked to several torrents and across several sites on the Internet.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:243" href="#fn:243">243</a> It was suggested that the data leak could cost the law firm up to £500,000 in fines for breaching British Data Protection Laws.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:244" href="#fn:244">244</a>
In January 2011, BBC News reported that the law firm announced they were to stop "chasing illegal file-sharers". Head of ACS:Law Andrew Crossley in a statement to a court addressed issues which influenced the decision to back down "I have ceased my work ... I have been subject to criminal attack. My e-mails have been hacked. I have had death threats and bomb threats."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:245" href="#fn:245">245</a>
In August 2012, 4chan users attacked a third-party sponsored <a href="/facts/Mountain_Dew/7mt90APW">Mountain Dew</a> campaign, Dub the Dew, where users were asked to submit and vote on name ideas for a green apple flavor of the drink. Users submitted entries such as "<a href="/facts/Diabetes_mellitus/2xeHXbsI">Diabeetus</a>", "Fapple", several variations of "Gushing Granny", and "<a href="/facts/Adolf_Hitler/3zyXG1L8">Hitler</a> did nothing wrong".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:246" href="#fn:246">246</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:247" href="#fn:247">247</a>

<h3>Threats of violence</h3>
On October 18, 2006, the <a href="/facts/United_States_Department_of_Homeland_Security/jwz5gLfa">Department of Homeland Security</a> warned <a href="/facts/National_Football_League/cBH0hxRV">National Football League</a> officials in <a href="/facts/Miami/L5FsgQcb">Miami</a>, <a href="/facts/New_York_City/YlyvFmVC">New York City</a>, <a href="/facts/Atlanta/8hPVGb78">Atlanta</a>, <a href="/facts/Seattle/7lYIrCa6">Seattle</a>, <a href="/facts/Houston/1v8AwQUN">Houston</a>, <a href="/facts/Oakland,_California/84tfrNlx">Oakland</a>, and <a href="/facts/Cleveland/rQb7qveu">Cleveland</a> about a possible threat involving the simultaneous use of <a href="/facts/Dirty_bomb/vS6UGMaV">dirty bombs</a> at stadiums.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:248" href="#fn:248">248</a> The threat claimed that the attack would be carried out on October 22, the final day of the Muslim holy month of <a href="/facts/Ramadan/eBpGEkst">Ramadan</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:249" href="#fn:249">249</a> Both the <a href="/facts/Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation/UY93jwX6">FBI</a> and the Department of Homeland Security expressed doubt concerning the credibility of the threats, but warned the relevant organizations as a precaution.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:250" href="#fn:250">250</a> The threat turned out to be an ill-conceived hoax perpetrated by a grocery store clerk in Wisconsin with no terrorist ties. The FBI considered it a clearly frivolous threat and the 20-year-old man was charged with fabricating a terrorist threat, sentenced to six months in prison followed by six months' house arrest, and ordered to pay $26,750 in <a href="/facts/Restitution/S83BRfxY">restitution</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:251" href="#fn:251">251</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:252" href="#fn:252">252</a>

Around midnight on September 11, 2007, a student posted photographs of mock <a href="/facts/Pipe_bomb/2nkPEKTK">pipe bombs</a> and another photograph of him holding them while saying he would blow up his high school—Pflugerville High School in <a href="/facts/Pflugerville,_Texas/kCXM4uFQ">Pflugerville, Texas</a>—at 9:11 am on September 11.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:253" href="#fn:253">253</a> Users of 4chan helped to track him down by finding the perpetrator's father's name in the <a href="/facts/Exchangeable_image_file_format/KHFgGnk6">Exif</a> data of a photograph he took, and contacted the police.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:254" href="#fn:254">254</a> He was arrested before school began that day.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:255" href="#fn:255">255</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:256" href="#fn:256">256</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:257" href="#fn:257">257</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:258" href="#fn:258">258</a> The incident turned out to be a hoax; the "weapons" were toys and there were no actual bombs.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:259" href="#fn:259">259</a>
A 20-year-old from Melbourne, Australia, was arrested on December 8, 2007, after apparently posting on 4chan that he was "going to shoot and kill as many people as I can until which time I am incapacitated or killed by the police".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:260" href="#fn:260">260</a> The post, accompanied by an image of another man holding a shotgun, threatened a shopping mall near <a href="/facts/Beverly_Hills,_California/enbBhsjT">Beverly Hills</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:261" href="#fn:261">261</a> While the investigation was still open, he was charged with criminal defamation for a separate incident<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:262" href="#fn:262">262</a> but died before the case was heard.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:263" href="#fn:263">263</a>
On February 4, 2009, a posting on the 4chan /b/ board<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:264" href="#fn:264">264</a> said there would be a <a href="/facts/School_shooting/1oHHBQue">school shooting</a> at St Eskils Gymnasium in <a href="/facts/Eskilstuna/keNuBTs4">Eskilstuna</a>, Sweden, leading 1,250 students and 50 teachers to be evacuated.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:265" href="#fn:265">265</a> A 21-year-old man was arrested after 4chan provided the police with the <a href="/facts/IP_address/z9V22Sw9">IP address</a> of the poster. Police said that the suspect called it off as a joke, and they released him after they found no indication that the threat was serious.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:266" href="#fn:266">266</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:267" href="#fn:267">267</a>
On June 28, 2018, a man was arrested following an indictment by the U.S. Department of Justice "on one count of transmitting in interstate and foreign commerce a threat to injure the person of another."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:268" href="#fn:268">268</a> The indictment alleged that he posted anonymously to /pol/ the day after the <a href="/facts/Unite_the_Right_rally/fSufk0F5">Unite the Right rally</a>, communicating an intention to attack protestors at an upcoming right-wing demonstration, ostensibly to elicit sympathy for the <a href="/facts/Alt-right/h4XtmDca">alt-right</a> movement. "I'm going to bring a Remington 700 and start shooting Alt-right guys. We need sympathy after that landwhale got all the liberals teary eyed, so someone is going to have to make it look like the left is becoming more violent and radicalized. It's a false flag for sure, but I'll be aiming for the more tanned/dark haired muddied jeans in the crowd so real whites won't have to worry," he wrote, according to the indictment.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:269" href="#fn:269">269</a>
In 2023, a 38-year-old of <a href="/facts/Monmouth_Junction,_New_Jersey/x3gB2PzG">Monmouth Junction, New Jersey</a>, was arrested for threatening <a href="/facts/Volusia_County/4tWxjqbr">Volusia County, Florida</a> sheriff <a href="/facts/Mike_Chitwood/dtowkvUv">Mike Chitwood</a> on 4chan due to Chitwood's condemnation of <a href="/facts/Anti-Semitism/kUpfFkqx">anti-Semitism</a>. According to authorities, the poster, who lived 974 miles away from Volusia County, advocated "shoot[ing] Chitwood in the head and murder[ing] him" in a February 22 post.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:270" href="#fn:270">270</a>
In April of that same year, two other 4chan users, residents of <a href="/facts/California/zLW2vdQJ">California</a> and <a href="/facts/Connecticut/LeDhYdJG">Connecticut</a> respectively, were also arrested for threatening to kill Chitwood on 4chan.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:271" href="#fn:271">271</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:272" href="#fn:272">272</a>
On the evening of April 2 and morning of April 3, 2024, two threats were posted on 4chan claiming there was a bomb in the <a href="/facts/Storting/JrDWe9Fu">Norwegian parliament building</a>. Oslo police closed down the parliament building while the <a href="/facts/Norwegian_Police_Security_Service/TAFx2Tpa">Norwegian Police Security Service</a> carried out an investigation. No bomb was found in the building. The culprit behind the threats was not identified and nobody was arrested in relation to the case.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:273" href="#fn:273">273</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:274" href="#fn:274">274</a>

<h3>Celebrity photo leaks</h3>
Main article: <a href="/facts/August_2014_celebrity_photo_leaks/sE761bmL">August 2014 celebrity photo leaks</a>
On August 31, 2014, a compromise of user passwords at <a href="/facts/ICloud/AUcIyg4L">iCloud</a> allowed a large number of private photographs taken by celebrities to be <a href="/facts/August_2014_celebrity_photo_leaks/sE761bmL">posted online</a>,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:275" href="#fn:275">275</a> initially on 4chan.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:276" href="#fn:276">276</a> As a result of the incident, 4chan announced that it would enforce a <a href="/facts/Digital_Millennium_Copyright_Act/rVTdnnc2">Digital Millennium Copyright Act</a> policy, which would allow content owners to remove material that had been shared on the site illegally, and would ban users who repeatedly posted stolen material.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:277" href="#fn:277">277</a>

<h3>Gamergate</h3>
See also: <a href="/facts/Gamergate_controversy/d5fNTT14">Gamergate controversy</a>
Also in August 2014, 4chan was involved in the Gamergate controversy, which began with unsubstantiated allegations about indie game developer <a href="/facts/Zo%C3%AB_Quinn/o46F2Vzb">Zoë Quinn</a> from an ex-boyfriend, followed by false allegations from anonymous Internet users.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:278" href="#fn:278">278</a> The allegations were followed by a harassment campaign against several women in the video game industry, organized by 4chan users,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:279" href="#fn:279">279</a> particularly /r9k/.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:280" href="#fn:280">280</a> Discussion regarding Gamergate was banned on 4chan due to alleged rule violations, and Gamergate supporters moved to alternate forums such as <a href="/facts/8chan/AMWmQ5fc">8chan</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:281" href="#fn:281">281</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:282" href="#fn:282">282</a>

<h3>Murder in Port Orchard, Washington</h3>
According to court documents filed on November 5, 2014, there were images posted to 4chan that appeared to be of a murder victim. The body was discovered in <a href="/facts/Port_Orchard,_Washington/9sUKfHmG">Port Orchard, Washington</a>, after the images were posted.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:283" href="#fn:283">283</a> The posts were accompanied by the text: "Turns out it's way harder to strangle someone to death than it looks on the movies." A later post said: "Check the news for Port Orchard, Washington, in a few hours. Her son will be home from school soon. He'll find her, then call the cops. I just wanted to share the pics before they find me."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:284" href="#fn:284">284</a> The victim was Amber Lynn Coplin, aged 30. The suspect, 33-year-old David Michael Kalac, surrendered to police in Oregon later the same day; he was charged with second-degree murder involving domestic violence.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:285" href="#fn:285">285</a> Kalac was convicted in April 2017 and was sentenced to 82 years in prison the following month.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:286" href="#fn:286">286</a>

<h3>Death of Jeffrey Epstein</h3>
Main article: <a href="/facts/Death_of_Jeffrey_Epstein/yXDgcsHm">Death of Jeffrey Epstein</a>
A report of <a href="/facts/Jeffrey_Epstein/QY3Xggt3">Jeffrey Epstein</a>'s death was posted on /pol/ around 40 minutes before <a href="/facts/ABC_News_(United_States)/YqpUd76C">ABC News</a> broke the news. It was originally suspected that the unidentified person who made the posts may have been a <a href="/facts/First_responder/gvbQCtUl">first responder</a>, prompting a review by the New York City Fire Department, who later stated that the post did not come from a member of its department.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:287" href="#fn:287">287</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:288" href="#fn:288">288</a>

<h3>2022 Buffalo shooting</h3>
Main article: <a href="/facts/2022_Buffalo_shooting/Jloe6Pkj">2022 Buffalo shooting</a>
On May 14, 2022, a mass shooting occurred at a supermarket in Buffalo, New York, US. The accused, Payton S. Gendron, is reported to have written a racist manifesto released May 12 (two days before the shooting), with the manifesto including birth date and other biographical details, that match the suspect in custody.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:289" href="#fn:289">289</a> The author wrote that he began to frequent 4chan, including its Politically Incorrect message board <a href="/facts//pol//IqUdH71g">/pol/</a>, beginning in May 2020, where he was exposed to the <a href="/facts/Great_Replacement/uvuDIpID">Great Replacement</a> <a href="/facts/Conspiracy_theory/sNr2Kmh8">conspiracy theory</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:290" href="#fn:290">290</a>

<h2 id="isp-bans">ISP bans</h2>
<h3>AT&T temporary ban</h3>
On July 26, 2009, <a href="/facts/AT%26T/y3Lo9uhk">AT&T</a>'s <a href="/facts/DSL/3pY5osov">DSL</a> branch temporarily blocked access to the img.4chan.org domain (host of /b/ and /r9k/), which was initially believed to be an attempt at <a href="/facts/Internet_censorship/938thaNE">Internet censorship</a>, and met with hostility on 4chan's part.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:291" href="#fn:291">291</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:292" href="#fn:292">292</a> The next day, AT&T issued a statement claiming that the block was put in place after an AT&T customer was affected by a <a href="/facts/Denial-of-service_attack/6nkoK02J">DoS attack</a> originating from IP addresses connected to img.4chan.org, and was an attempt to "prevent this attack from disrupting service for the impacted AT&T customer, and... our other customers." AT&T maintains that the block was not related to the content on 4chan.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:293" href="#fn:293">293</a>
4chan's founder Christopher Poole responded with the following:<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:294" href="#fn:294">294</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:295" href="#fn:295">295</a>

In the end, this wasn't a sinister act of censorship, but rather a bit of a mistake and a poorly executed, disproportionate response on AT&T's part. Whoever pulled the trigger on blackholing the site probably didn't anticipate [nor intend] the consequences of doing so.
We're glad to see this short-lived debacle has prompted renewed interest and debate over net neutrality and Internet censorship—two very important issues that don't get nearly enough attention—so perhaps this was all just a blessing in disguise.
Major news outlets have reported that the issue may be related to the DDoS-ing of 4chan, and that 4chan users suspected the then-owner of Swedish-based website Anontalk.com.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:296" href="#fn:296">296</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:297" href="#fn:297">297</a>

<h3>Verizon temporary ban</h3>
On February 4, 2010, 4chan started receiving reports from <a href="/facts/Verizon_Wireless/3I3kcgEm">Verizon Wireless</a> customers that they were having difficulties accessing the site's image boards. After investigating, Poole found out that only the traffic on <a href="/facts/TCP_and_UDP_port/ygoHVKNC">port</a> 80 to the boards.4chan.org domain was affected, leading members to believe that the block was intentional. Three days later, Verizon Wireless confirmed that 4chan was "explicitly blocked". The block was lifted several days later.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:298" href="#fn:298">298</a>

<h3>Telstra ban</h3>
On March 20, 2019, Australian telecom company <a href="/facts/Telstra/tm3J2MTK">Telstra</a> denied access to millions of Australians to 4chan, <a href="/facts/8chan/AMWmQ5fc">8chan</a>, <a href="/facts/Zero_Hedge/rdMYITLe">Zero Hedge</a> and <a href="/facts/LiveLeak/xqT8Pml4">LiveLeak</a> as a reaction to the <a href="/facts/Christchurch_mosque_shootings/BcAN9sjT">Christchurch mosque shootings</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:299" href="#fn:299">299</a>

<h3>New Zealand</h3>
Following the <a href="/facts/Christchurch_mosque_shootings/BcAN9sjT">Christchurch mosque shootings</a>, numerous ISPs temporarily blocked any site hosting a copy of the livestream of the shooting, including 4chan. The ISPs included <a href="/facts/Spark_New_Zealand/D9k7I0b5">Spark</a>, <a href="/facts/Vodafone_New_Zealand/2PlXrRcW">Vodafone</a>, <a href="/facts/Vocus_Group/yuDklq6k">Vocus</a> and <a href="/facts/2degrees/ufWo83dT">2degrees</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:300" href="#fn:300">300</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:301" href="#fn:301">301</a>

<h2 id="see-also">See also</h2>
<ul>
<li>Internet portal</li><li>Comedy portal</li></ul>
<ul><li><a href="/facts/List_of_Internet_phenomena/ofeYrp4D">List of Internet phenomena</a></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Pepe_the_Frog/Bx3f9kjJ">Pepe the Frog</a></li></ul>
International:

<ul><li><a href="/facts/8chan/AMWmQ5fc">8kun/8chan</a>, America</li>
<li><a href="/facts/Dvach/hLU3QfXN">Dvach</a> (2ch), Russia</li>
<li><a href="/facts/Ylilauta/Hkz89P31">Ylilauta</a>, Finland</li>
<li><a href="/facts/2channel/9fKR8y13">2channel</a>, Japan</li>
<li><a href="/facts/Ilbe_Storehouse/xM5EAukY">Ilbe Storehouse</a>, South Korea</li></ul>
<h2 id="notes">Notes</h2>

<h3>Bibliography</h3>

<ul><li><a href="/facts/Angela_Nagle/Dpu05DUy">Nagle, Angela</a> (2017). <a href="/facts/Kill_All_Normies:_Online_Culture_Wars_from_4chan_and_Tumblr_to_Trump_and_the_Alt-Right/wAQlLKtH">Kill All Normies: Online Culture Wars from 4chan and Tumblr to Trump and the Alt-Right</a>. Winchester and Washington: Zero Books. <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 978-1-78535-543-1.</li></ul>

<h2 id="further-reading">Further reading</h2>
<ul><li>Alfonso, Fernando III (October 1, 2013). <a href="http://www.dailydot.com/business/4chan-10-years-christopher-moot-poole/">"Now 10 years old, 4chan is the most important site you never visit"</a>. Interview with Christopher Poole. <a href="/facts/Daily_Dot/NJCl9EvN">Daily Dot</a>.</li></ul>
<h2 id="external-links">External links</h2>
<ul><li><a href="https://www.4chan.org/">Official website</a> </li>
<li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140108161345/http://www.ted.com/talks/christopher_m00t_poole_the_case_for_anonymity_online.html">Archived TED talk about 4chan by its creator</a></li></ul>

<h2 id="references">References</h2>

<ol>
<li id="fn:1">Bernstein, Michael; Monroy-Hernández, Andrés; Harry, Drew; André, Paul; Panovich, Katrina; Vargas, Greg (2011). "4chan and /B/: An Analysis of Anonymity and Ephemerality in a Large Online Community". Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media. 5 (1): 50–57. doi:10.1609/icwsm.v5i1.14134. ISSN 2334-0770. S2CID 6382252. Archived from the original on August 1, 2022. Retrieved April 8, 2022. <a href="https://ojs.aaai.org/index.php/ICWSM/article/view/14134" target="_blank">https://ojs.aaai.org/index.php/ICWSM/article/view/14134</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:2">"4chan – Press". 4chan. Retrieved April 19, 2022. <a href="https://www.4chan.org/press" target="_blank">https://www.4chan.org/press</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:3">Elley, Ben (March 9, 2021). ""The rebirth of the West begins with you!"—Self-improvement as radicalisation on 4chan". Humanities and Social Sciences Communications. 8 (1): 1–10. doi:10.1057/s41599-021-00732-x. ISSN 2662-9992. S2CID 232164033. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1057%2Fs41599-021-00732-x" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.1057%2Fs41599-021-00732-x</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:4">Michaels, Sean (March 19, 2008). "Taking the Rick". The Guardian. London. Archived from the original on July 27, 2008. Retrieved July 24, 2008. <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/music/2008/mar/19/news" target="_blank">https://www.theguardian.com/music/2008/mar/19/news</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:5">Douglas, Nick (January 18, 2008). "What The Hell Are 4chan, ED, Something Awful, And "b"?". Gawker.com. Archived from the original on July 24, 2008. Retrieved July 15, 2008. <a href="http://gawker.com/346385/what-the-hell-are-4chan-ed-something-awful-and-b" target="_blank">http://gawker.com/346385/what-the-hell-are-4chan-ed-something-awful-and-b</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:6">"FAQ – What is 4chan?". 4chan. Retrieved July 15, 2008. <a href="https://www.4chan.org/faq.php#what4chan" target="_blank">https://www.4chan.org/faq.php#what4chan</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:7">"Rules – 4chan". 4chan. Archived from the original on April 26, 2022. Retrieved April 25, 2022. <a href="https://www.4chan.org/rules" target="_blank">https://www.4chan.org/rules</a> <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:8">Sarno, David (July 12, 2008). "Rise and fall of the Googled swastika". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on July 15, 2008. Retrieved July 14, 2008. <a href="http://www.latimes.com/business/la-et-swastika12-2008jul12,0,7460743.story" target="_blank">http://www.latimes.com/business/la-et-swastika12-2008jul12,0,7460743.story</a> <a href="#fnref:8" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:9">"4chan.org – Site Information". Alexa. Archived from the original on September 29, 2019. Retrieved March 20, 2022. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190929024400/https://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/4chan.org" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20190929024400/https://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/4chan.org</a> <a href="#fnref:9" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:10">Landers, Chris (March 2, 2008). "Serious Business". Baltimore City Paper. Archived from the original on June 8, 2008. Retrieved July 13, 2008. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080608050312/http://www.citypaper.com/columns/story.asp?id=15543" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20080608050312/http://www.citypaper.com/columns/story.asp?id=15543</a> <a href="#fnref:10" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:11">Poole, Christopher "moot" (February 12, 2008). "The long and short of it". 4chan. Retrieved August 2, 2008. <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Poole" target="_blank">/wiki/Christopher_Poole</a> <a href="#fnref:11" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:12">Grossman, Lev (July 9, 2008). "The Master of Memes". TIME. Vol. 172, no. 3. United States. pp. 50–51. Archived from the original on July 24, 2008. Retrieved July 24, 2008.Johnston, Casey (September 9, 2014). "Chat logs show how 4chan users created #GamerGate controversy". Ars Technica. Archived from the original on September 13, 2014. Retrieved September 14, 2014. <a href="/wiki/Lev_Grossman" target="_blank">/wiki/Lev_Grossman</a> <a href="#fnref:12" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:13">Hesse, Monica (February 17, 2009). "A Virtual Unknown; Meet 'Moot,' the Secretive Internet Celeb Who Still Lives With Mom". The Washington Post. pp. 23–24. Archived from the original on March 25, 2010. Retrieved April 16, 2009. <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/02/16/AR2009021601565.html" target="_blank">https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/02/16/AR2009021601565.html</a> <a href="#fnref:13" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:14">Poole, Christopher "moot" (August 6, 2012). "Beyond One Billion". 4chan News. <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Poole" target="_blank">/wiki/Christopher_Poole</a> <a href="#fnref:14" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:15">Langton, Jerry (September 22, 2007). "Funny how 'stupid' site is addictive". Toronto Star. Archived from the original on June 22, 2008. Retrieved July 16, 2008. <a href="https://www.thestar.com/living/article/257955" target="_blank">https://www.thestar.com/living/article/257955</a> <a href="#fnref:15" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:16">"FAQ – How do I post anonymously?". 4chan. Retrieved July 16, 2008. <a href="https://www.4chan.org/faq.php#postanon" target="_blank">https://www.4chan.org/faq.php#postanon</a> <a href="#fnref:16" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:17">Bernstein, Michael; Monroy-Hernández, Andrés; Harry, Drew; André, Paul; Panovich, Katrina; Vargas, Greg (2011). "4chan and /B/: An Analysis of Anonymity and Ephemerality in a Large Online Community". Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media. 5 (1): 50–57. doi:10.1609/icwsm.v5i1.14134. ISSN 2334-0770. S2CID 6382252. Archived from the original on August 1, 2022. Retrieved April 8, 2022. <a href="https://ojs.aaai.org/index.php/ICWSM/article/view/14134" target="_blank">https://ojs.aaai.org/index.php/ICWSM/article/view/14134</a> <a href="#fnref:17" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:18">"FAQ – Can I register a username?". 4chan. Retrieved July 16, 2008. <a href="https://www.4chan.org/faq.php#register" target="_blank">https://www.4chan.org/faq.php#register</a> <a href="#fnref:18" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:19">"FAQ – How do I use a "tripcode"?". 4chan. Retrieved July 16, 2008. <a href="https://www.4chan.org/faq.php#trip" target="_blank">https://www.4chan.org/faq.php#trip</a> <a href="#fnref:19" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:20">"FAQ – Who is "Anonymous"?". 4chan. Retrieved July 16, 2008. <a href="https://www.4chan.org/faq.php#anonymous" target="_blank">https://www.4chan.org/faq.php#anonymous</a> <a href="#fnref:20" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:21">"FAQ – What is a capcode?". 4chan. Retrieved July 16, 2008. <a href="https://www.4chan.org/faq.php#capcode" target="_blank">https://www.4chan.org/faq.php#capcode</a> <a href="#fnref:21" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:22">As explained by Poole during a live-video online interview with Hiroyuki Nishimura, founder of 2channel, on the Japanese website Nico Nico Douga during his trip to Japan in 2011[29] <a href="/wiki/Hiroyuki_Nishimura" target="_blank">/wiki/Hiroyuki_Nishimura</a> <a href="#fnref:22" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:23">"FAQ – What are "janitors"?". 4chan. Retrieved January 12, 2009. <a href="https://www.4chan.org/faq#whojan" target="_blank">https://www.4chan.org/faq#whojan</a> <a href="#fnref:23" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
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<li id="fn:28">As explained by Poole during a live-video online interview with Hiroyuki Nishimura, founder of 2channel, on the Japanese website Nico Nico Douga during his trip to Japan in 2011[29] <a href="/wiki/Hiroyuki_Nishimura" target="_blank">/wiki/Hiroyuki_Nishimura</a> <a href="#fnref:28" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
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<li id="fn:30">"FAQ – What is 4chan?". 4chan. Retrieved July 15, 2008. <a href="https://www.4chan.org/faq.php#what4chan" target="_blank">https://www.4chan.org/faq.php#what4chan</a> <a href="#fnref:30" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
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<li id="fn:33">As explained by Poole during a live-video online interview with Hiroyuki Nishimura, founder of 2channel, on the Japanese website Nico Nico Douga during his trip to Japan in 2011[29] <a href="/wiki/Hiroyuki_Nishimura" target="_blank">/wiki/Hiroyuki_Nishimura</a> <a href="#fnref:33" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
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<li id="fn:37">"News". 4chan. August 14, 2004. Archived from the original on March 26, 2021. Retrieved October 29, 2011. <a href="https://www.4chan.org/4channews.php/?all#11" target="_blank">https://www.4chan.org/4channews.php/?all#11</a> <a href="#fnref:37" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
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<li id="fn:44">"Why were /r9k/ and /new/ removed?". January 19, 2011. Archived from the original on August 20, 2011. Retrieved January 12, 2009. <a href="https://archive.today/20110820154606/http://content.4chan.org/tmp/r9knew.txt" target="_blank">https://archive.today/20110820154606/http://content.4chan.org/tmp/r9knew.txt</a> <a href="#fnref:44" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
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<li id="fn:47">"Pass". 4chan. Retrieved October 21, 2013. <a href="https://www.4chan.org/pass" target="_blank">https://www.4chan.org/pass</a> <a href="#fnref:47" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
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<li id="fn:56">"現2chは「違法な乗っ取り」状態──ひろゆき氏？が新サイト「2ch.sc」開設を予告" [The current 2ch is in an "illegal takeover" state — Mr. Hiroyuki? Announces launch of new site "2ch.sc"]. ITmedia ニュース (in Japanese). April 1, 2014. Archived from the original on October 5, 2018. Retrieved September 22, 2015. <a href="http://www.itmedia.co.jp/news/articles/1404/01/news146.html" target="_blank">http://www.itmedia.co.jp/news/articles/1404/01/news146.html</a> <a href="#fnref:56" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
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</ol>

4chan open-in-new

4chan