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Comprehensive metabolic panel
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<h2 id="testing">Testing</h2> <a href="/facts/Pathophysiology/Tp3Dny0c">Pathophysiology</a><a href="/facts/Reference_ranges_for_blood_tests/Fls5Gbtb">sample values</a><table> <tbody><tr><td colspan="4"><a href="/facts/Basic_metabolic_panel/W7CoBLe4">BMP</a>/<a href="/facts/Electrolyte/4YE8bIVa">ELECTROLYTES</a>:</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Serum_sodium/k1ovo9kR">Na+</a> = 140</td><td><a href="/facts/Serum_chloride/U4j7LXkK">Cl−</a> = 100</td><td><a href="/facts/Blood_urea_nitrogen/WGCpddbU">BUN</a> = 20</td><td rowspan="2">/<a href="/facts/Glucose/oUSkoLCD">Glu</a> = 150\</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Potassium/FWPwS7Rj">K+</a> = 4</td><td><a href="/facts/Carbon_dioxide/xGzpppEp">CO2</a> = 22</td><td><a href="/facts/Creatinine/gkebqj2L">PCr</a> = 1.0</td></tr><tr><td colspan="4"><a href="/facts/Arterial_blood_gas/LGJ1peJh">ARTERIAL BLOOD GAS</a>:</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Bicarbonate/zzSVVAl1">HCO3−</a> = 24</td><td><a href="/facts/Pulmonary_gas_pressures/EbDfCrw4">p</a>a<a href="/facts/Carbon_dioxide/xGzpppEp">CO2</a> = 40</td><td><a href="/facts/Pulmonary_gas_pressures/EbDfCrw4">p</a>a<a href="/facts/Oxygen/acyn6o8r">O2</a> = 95</td><td><a href="/facts/PH/RnSv8D7y">pH</a> = 7.40</td></tr><tr><td colspan="4"><a href="/facts/Alveolar_gas_equation/lleJMaPX">ALVEOLAR GAS</a>:</td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="/facts/Pulmonary_gas_pressures/EbDfCrw4">p</a>A<a href="/facts/Carbon_dioxide/xGzpppEp">CO2</a> = 36</td><td><a href="/facts/Pulmonary_gas_pressures/EbDfCrw4">p</a>A<a href="/facts/Oxygen/acyn6o8r">O2</a> = 105</td><td><a href="/facts/Alveolar%25E2%2580%2593arterial_gradient/TvHEQnSy">A-a g</a> = 10</td></tr><tr><td colspan="4">OTHER:</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Calcium/hf252CC0">Ca</a> = 9.5</td><td><a href="/facts/Magnesium_in_biology/ENuowoyY">Mg2+</a> = 2.0</td><td><a href="/facts/Phosphate/FDGVCxUG">PO4</a> = 1</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Creatine_kinase/kYtNQKjy">CK</a> = 55</td><td><a href="/facts/Base_excess/XeUog8Bf">BE</a> = −0.36</td><td><a href="/facts/Anion_gap/Cn1UXy35">AG</a> = 16</td><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="4"><a href="/facts/Osmolarity/tgtkKAuk">SERUM OSMOLARITY</a>/<a href="/facts/Renal_physiology/4S4JajIw">RENAL</a>:</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Plasma_osmolality/6Cs45Uyc">PMO</a> = 300</td><td><a href="/facts/Plasma_osmolality/6Cs45Uyc">PCO</a> = 295</td><td><a href="/facts/Serum_osmolal_gap/JVodmnLW">POG</a> = 5</td><td><a href="/facts/BUN-to-creatinine_ratio/bxjhMG53">BUN:Cr</a> = 20</td></tr><tr><td colspan="4"><a href="/facts/Urinalysis/PeS2UfIG">URINALYSIS</a>:</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Renal_sodium_reabsorption/4tIAwwEv">UNa+</a> = 80</td><td><a href="/facts/Renal_chloride_reabsorption/6Sfm3dFU">UCl−</a> = 100</td><td><a href="/facts/Urine_anion_gap/thq7rN5C">UAG</a> = 5</td><td><a href="/facts/Fractional_sodium_excretion/4LDvK0xN">FENa</a> = 0.95</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Potassium/FWPwS7Rj">UK+</a> = 25</td><td><a href="/facts/Urine_specific_gravity/cN0IBwGF">USG</a> = 1.01</td><td><a href="/facts/Creatinine/gkebqj2L">UCr</a> = 60</td><td><a href="/facts/Urine_osmolality/eQwYluWP">UO</a> = 800</td></tr><tr><td colspan="4"><a href="/facts/Protein/Jxmagu3E">PROTEIN</a>/<a href="/facts/Gastrointestinal_physiology/DPWGFxhu">GI</a>/<a href="/facts/Liver_function_tests/IGuSa6Hn">LIVER FUNCTION TESTS</a>:</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Lactate_dehydrogenase/FGuLGcXe">LDH</a> = 100</td><td><a href="/facts/Serum_total_protein/3hfxpME4">TP</a> = 7.6</td><td><a href="/facts/Aspartate_transaminase/ksTwpdqx">AST</a> = 25</td><td><a href="/facts/Bilirubin/HCHyCjkt">TBIL</a> = 0.7</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Alkaline_phosphatase/awQHo7F1">ALP</a> = 71</td><td><a href="/facts/Human_serum_albumin/wI8vu5py">Alb</a> = 4.0</td><td><a href="/facts/Alanine_transaminase/PAUfv2UK">ALT</a> = 40</td><td><a href="/facts/Bilirubin/HCHyCjkt">BC</a> = 0.5</td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td><a href="/facts/AST%2fALT_ratio/o4S2Iyqy">AST/ALT</a> = 0.6</td><td><a href="/facts/Bilirubin/HCHyCjkt">BU</a> = 0.2</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Ascitic_fluid_albumin/VJ3906dS">AF alb</a> = 3.0</td><td><a href="/facts/Serum-ascites_albumin_gradient/VJ3906dS">SAAG</a> = 1.0</td><td></td><td><a href="/facts/Stool_osmolal_gap/lYekzPT7">SOG</a> = 60</td></tr><tr><td colspan="4"><a href="/facts/Cerebrospinal_fluid/tcWG7hhv">CSF</a>:</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/CSF_albumin/dzqNrsfl">CSF alb</a> = 30</td><td><a href="/facts/CSF_glucose/MTzc3sPE">CSF glu</a> = 60</td><td><a href="/facts/CSF%2fserum_albumin_ratio/J6jwpRd6">CSF/S alb</a> = 7.5</td><td><a href="/facts/CSF%2fserum_glucose_ratio/ls9K9B8t">CSF/S glu</a> = 0.6</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Typically, the patient <a href="/facts/Fasting/mL2xf6C1">fasts</a> for ten or twelve hours before the blood is drawn for the test—this is particularly important for getting a useful blood glucose measurement. CMPs are also frequently performed on nonfasting patients, but the glucose level in those cases is not as useful. The following tests are then performed:<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:2" href="#fn:2"><sup>2</sup></a> </p> <h3>General tests</h3> <p>These tests help screen for a wide variety of problems. The <a href="/facts/Blood_sugar/I4SkNzrm">glucose</a> test in particular helps screen for diabetes mellitus and pre-diabetes. The calcium test can indicate or monitor bone diseases or diseases of the parathyroid gland or kidneys. Calcium salts, lithium, thiazide diuretics, thyroxine, and vitamin D can all increase levels and may interfere with this test.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:3" href="#fn:3"><sup>3</sup></a> </p> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Serum_glucose/I4SkNzrm">Serum glucose</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Calcium_in_biology/wgUxKej5">Calcium</a></li></ul> <h3>Kidney function assessment</h3> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Blood_urea_nitrogen/WGCpddbU">Blood urea nitrogen</a> (BUN)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Creatinine/gkebqj2L">Creatinine</a></li></ul> <h3>Electrolytes</h3> <p><a href="/facts/Electrolyte/4YE8bIVa">Electrolyte</a> levels and the balance among them are tightly regulated by the body. Both individual values and ratios among the values are significant; abnormalities among either can indicate problems such as an <a href="/facts/Electrolyte_disturbance/mmb7W3A0">electrolyte disturbance</a>, <a href="/facts/PH/RnSv8D7y">acid-base</a> imbalance, or kidney dysfunction. </p> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Sodium/eYuSPu2V">Sodium</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Potassium/FWPwS7Rj">Potassium</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Chloride/m9NUaUDR">Chloride</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Carbon_dioxide/xGzpppEp">Carbon dioxide</a> (CO2)</li></ul> <h3>Protein tests</h3> <p>Tests of <a href="/facts/Protein/Jxmagu3E">protein</a> levels in the blood help screen for both kidney and liver disorders. </p> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Serum_total_protein/3hfxpME4">Serum total protein</a> (TP)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Human_serum_albumin/wI8vu5py">Human serum albumin</a></li></ul> <h3>Liver enzymes</h3> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Bilirubin/HCHyCjkt">Bilirubin</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Alkaline_phosphatase/awQHo7F1">Alkaline phosphatase</a> (ALP)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Aspartate_amino_transferase/ksTwpdqx">Aspartate amino transferase</a> (AST or SGOT)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Alanine_amino_transferase/PAUfv2UK">Alanine amino transferase</a> (ALT or SGPT)</li></ul> <h2 id="results">Results</h2> <p>The <a href="/facts/National_Institutes_of_Health/G3Eytfcc">National Institutes of Health</a> provides ranges considered within normal limits, though optimal levels may vary by individual.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:4" href="#fn:4"><sup>4</sup></a> </p><p>Compare also the ranges given at <i><a href="/facts/Reference_ranges_for_blood_tests/Fls5Gbtb">Reference ranges for blood tests</a></i>. </p> Normal CMP Results<table><tbody><tr><th>Specimen</th><th>Normal Range<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:5" href="#fn:5"><sup>5</sup></a></th><th>Units</th></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Human_serum_albumin/wI8vu5py">Albumin</a></td><td>3.9–5.0</td><td>g/dL</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Alkaline_phosphatase/awQHo7F1">Alkaline phosphatase</a></td><td>44–147</td><td>IU/L</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Alanine_transaminase/PAUfv2UK">ALT (alanine aminotransferase)</a></td><td>8–37</td><td>IU/L</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Aspartate_transaminase/ksTwpdqx">AST (aspartate aminotransferase)</a></td><td>10–34</td><td>IU/L</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/BUN/WGCpddbU">BUN (blood urea nitrogen)</a></td><td>7–20</td><td>mg/dL</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Calcium_in_biology/wgUxKej5">Calcium</a></td><td>8.5–10.9</td><td>mg/dL</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Serum_chloride/U4j7LXkK">Chloride</a></td><td>96–106</td><td>mmol/L</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Carbon_dioxide/xGzpppEp">CO2 (carbon dioxide)</a></td><td>20–29</td><td>mmol/L</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Creatinine/gkebqj2L">Creatinine</a></td><td>0.6–1.1 (women)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:6" href="#fn:6"><sup>6</sup></a><p>0.7–1.3 (men)</p></td><td>mg/dL</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Glucose/oUSkoLCD">Glucose</a></td><td>70–100</td><td>mg/dL</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Potassium_in_biology/RVwcrmym">Potassium</a></td><td>3.7–5.2</td><td>mEq/L</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Sodium_in_biology/k1ovo9kR">Sodium</a></td><td>136–144</td><td>mEq/L</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Bilirubin/HCHyCjkt">Total bilirubin</a></td><td>0.2–1.9</td><td>mg/dL</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Protein/Jxmagu3E">Total protein</a></td><td>6.3–7.9</td><td>g/dL</td></tr></tbody></table> <h2 id="see-also">See also</h2> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Basic_metabolic_panel/W7CoBLe4">Basic metabolic panel</a></li></ul> <h2 id="external-links">External links</h2> <ul><li><a href="http://labtestsonline.org/tests/comprehensive-metabolic-panel-cmp">Labsonline.org: Comprehensive Metabolic Panel</a></li></ul> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>"Comprehensive Metabolic Panel". Lab Tests Online. 2005-10-31. Retrieved 2008-09-22. <a href="http://www.labtestsonline.org/understanding/analytes/cmp/glance.html" target="_blank">http://www.labtestsonline.org/understanding/analytes/cmp/glance.html</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>"Comprehensive Metabolic Panel". Lab Tests Online. 2005-10-31. Retrieved 2008-09-22. <a href="http://www.labtestsonline.org/understanding/analytes/cmp/glance.html" target="_blank">http://www.labtestsonline.org/understanding/analytes/cmp/glance.html</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>"Calcium - blood test". MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia. Nlm.nih.gov. 2012-08-27. Retrieved 2012-09-14. <a href="https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003477.htm" target="_blank">https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003477.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>"Comprehensive metabolic panel: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia". NLM.NIH.gov. 2013-01-21. Retrieved 2015-04-29. <a href="https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003468.htm" target="_blank">https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003468.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>"Comprehensive metabolic panel: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia". NLM.NIH.gov. 2013-01-21. Retrieved 2015-04-29. <a href="https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003468.htm" target="_blank">https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003468.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:6"><p>"Creatinine blood test: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia". NLM.NIH.gov. 2013-08-04. Retrieved 2015-04-29. <a href="https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003475.htm" target="_blank">https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003475.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> </ol>