CAVE-based authentication is a security protocol used to verify access in CDMA2000 1X, a type of third-generation (3G) mobile network system. The term "CAVE" stands for Cellular Authentication and Voice Encryption, which is the algorithm used to perform the authentication process. This system helps to confirm that a user is authorized to connect to the mobile network.
It is also referred to as "HLR authentication" (Home Location Register authentication), "2G authentication," or "Access Authentication." In simpler terms, it ensures that the person trying to access the network is who they claim to be, protecting the network from unauthorized users.