Gujarat

Gujarat is a <a href="/facts/States_of_India/jqaAwkWI">state</a> along the <a href="/facts/Western_India/TGoARENY">western coast</a> of <a href="/facts/India/QW4TV4sy">India</a>. Its coastline of about 1,600 km (990 mi) is the longest in the country, most of which lies on the <a href="/facts/Kathiawar/ghIJ0neQ">Kathiawar</a> peninsula. Gujarat is the <a href="/facts/List_of_states_and_union_territories_of_India_by_area/KW0KxGQr">fifth-largest Indian state by area</a>, covering some 196,024 km2 (75,685 sq mi); and the <a href="/facts/List_of_states_and_union_territories_of_India_by_population/Lfyp4sX6">ninth-most populous state</a>, with a population of 60.4 million in 2011. It is bordered by <a href="/facts/Rajasthan/rC0MvrRD">Rajasthan</a> to the northeast, <a href="/facts/Dadra_and_Nagar_Haveli_and_Daman_and_Diu/Q8q7LH9r">Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu</a> to the south, <a href="/facts/Maharashtra/4hAVYlb4">Maharashtra</a> to the southeast, <a href="/facts/Madhya_Pradesh/h8GnUBv6">Madhya Pradesh</a> to the east, and the <a href="/facts/Arabian_Sea/JM6V0y3s">Arabian Sea</a> and the <a href="/facts/Pakistan/cbIsvJy1">Pakistani</a> province of <a href="/facts/Sindh/1cbCeMv8">Sindh</a> to the west. Gujarat's capital city is <a href="/facts/Gandhinagar/2LU627gQ">Gandhinagar</a>, while its largest city is <a href="/facts/Ahmedabad/l0h2YG5R">Ahmedabad</a>. The <a href="/facts/Gujarati_people/aVog1m3A">Gujaratis</a> are indigenous to the state and their language, <a href="/facts/Gujarati_language/kGKRRbwe">Gujarati</a>, is the state's official language.
The state <a href="/facts/List_of_Indus_Valley_civilisation_sites/ahjWRWUP">encompasses 23 sites</a> of the ancient <a href="/facts/Indus_Valley_civilisation/6xM4aK23">Indus Valley civilisation</a> (more than any other state). The most important sites are <a href="/facts/Lothal/hdAJu6Uf">Lothal</a> (the world's first dry dock), <a href="/facts/Dholavira/APzMFAPQ">Dholavira</a> (the fifth largest site), and <a href="/facts/Gola_Dhoro/oYGuYwkL">Gola Dhoro</a> (where 5 uncommon seals were found). Lothal is believed to have been one of the world's first <a href="/facts/Historical_ports/0mQnPr1q">seaports</a>. <a href="/facts/Gujarat_Sultanate/rVvCk5j3">Gujarat's</a> coastal cities, chiefly <a href="/facts/Bharuch/MAdkgCe8">Bharuch</a> and <a href="/facts/Khambhat/TlCGwkzT">Khambhat</a>, served as ports and trading centres in the <a href="/facts/Maurya_Empire/STQagR1r">Maurya</a> and <a href="/facts/Gupta_Empire/KbMVInGv">Gupta</a> empires and during the succession of royal <a href="/facts/Saka/GJ4TSj68">Saka</a> dynasties in the <a href="/facts/Western_Satraps/zm7EUx1L">Western Satraps</a> era.
Along with <a href="/facts/Bihar/T5Ga9JF8">Bihar</a>, <a href="/facts/Mizoram/RQXMgMFl">Mizoram</a> and <a href="/facts/Nagaland/DIhsVRqL">Nagaland</a>, Gujarat is one of four Indian states to <a href="/facts/Alcohol_prohibition_in_India/0yUVWAn4">prohibit the sale of alcohol</a>. The <a href="/facts/Gir_Forest_National_Park/3UmaPq99">Gir Forest National Park</a> in Gujarat is home to the only wild population of the <a href="/facts/Asiatic_lion/HABw0VBI">Asiatic lion</a> in the world.
The <a href="/facts/Economy_of_Gujarat/goXbeF5L">economy of Gujarat</a> is the <a href="/facts/List_of_Indian_states_and_union_territories_by_GDP/fW2lh9hG">fifth-largest in India</a>, with a <a href="/facts/List_of_Indian_states_and_union_territories_by_GDP/fW2lh9hG">gross state domestic product (GSDP)</a> of <a href="/facts/Indian_rupee/Pxoju0ms">₹</a>16.55 trillion (equivalent to ₹19 trillion or US$220 billion in 2023) and has the country's <a href="/facts/List_of_Indian_states_and_union_territories_by_GDP_per_capita/TB3wkybh">10th-highest GSDP per capita</a> of ₹215,000 (US$2,500). Gujarat has the <a href="/facts/List_of_Indian_states_and_union_territories_by_exports/C6GAYhSz">highest exports of all states</a>, accounting for around one-third of national exports. It ranks <a href="/facts/List_of_Indian_states_and_territories_by_Human_Development_Index/EmdHBqvc">21st among Indian states and union territories in human development index</a>. Gujarat is regarded as one of the most industrialised states and has a low <a href="/facts/List_of_states_and_union_territories_of_India_by_unemployment_rate/FscmRkbp">unemployment rate</a>, 
but the state ranks poorly on some social indicators and is at times affected by <a href="/facts/Religious_violence/vH59Mmo0">religious violence</a>.

Gujarat open-in-new

Gujarat