Deep Ocean mission

Deep Ocean Mission (informally known as Samudrayaan program, from <a href="/facts/Sanskrit/ychfjhlx">Sanskrit</a>: Samudra 'Sea', Yāna 'Craft, Vehicle') is an <a href="/facts/Science_and_technology_in_India/BpquPntF">Indian initiative</a> to undertake the <a href="/facts/Deep-sea_exploration/nzvSuv6p">deep ocean exploration</a> focused on <a href="/facts/Exclusive_economic_zone_of_India/W0kGqCfU">India's exclusive economic zones</a> and <a href="/facts/Continental_shelf/dpgHAR4U">continental shelf</a>. The program will consist of various crewed and uncrewed <a href="/facts/Submersibles/GQCdVLvK">submersibles</a> exploring the <a href="/facts/Sea_bed/VvxuEWJu">sea bed</a>. One of the primary aims of the mission is to explore and extract <a href="/facts/Polymetallic_nodules/e9RCgkFo">polymetallic nodules</a>, which are composed of <a href="/facts/Mineral/LkUFbNmv">minerals</a> like <a href="/facts/Manganese/j9ELd1TL">manganese</a>, <a href="/facts/Nickel/KwMCHYRP">nickel</a>, <a href="/facts/Cobalt/gqhScEw4">cobalt</a>, <a href="/facts/Copper/I8PEE8oX">copper</a> and <a href="/facts/Iron_oxide/KDo8hLWn">iron hydroxide</a>. The metals can be used in the manufacturing of <a href="/facts/Electronics/E4JhgISq">electronic devices</a>, <a href="/facts/Smartphone/cSIrBMWG">smartphones</a>, <a href="/facts/Electric_battery/bqEpm4ue">batteries</a> and <a href="/facts/Solar_panel/gufbEu8n">solar panels</a>.
India has been allocated a 75,000 km2 (29,000 sq mi) site in the Central Indian Ocean Basin by the <a href="/facts/International_Seabed_Authority/PygKYphz">International Seabed Authority</a> for the purposes of exploring for and extracting <a href="/facts/Polymetallic_nodules/e9RCgkFo">polymetallic nodules</a> on the seabed. The estimated amount of polymetallic nodules in the given area is about 380 <a href="/facts/Million/RMGVIm1j">million</a> <a href="/facts/Tonne/gMymLmWv">tonnes</a>, containing 4.7 million tonnes of <a href="/facts/Nickel/KwMCHYRP">nickel</a>, 4.29 million tonnes of <a href="/facts/Copper/I8PEE8oX">copper</a> and 0.55 million tonnes of <a href="/facts/Cobalt/gqhScEw4">cobalt</a> and 92.59 million tonnes of <a href="/facts/Manganese/j9ELd1TL">manganese</a>. The approximate cost of the programme will be <a href="/facts/%25E2%2582%25B9/025fgtUV">₹</a>4077 <a href="/facts/Crore/goXA4nHv">crore</a> for a of 5-year period and this will be implemented in a phase-wise process. The first phase of the project is from 2021 to 2024. Under its sub-project informally dubbed Samudrayaan, India has aims to send three people into deep sea up to a depth of 6 km (3.7 mi) in <a href="/facts/Indian_Ocean/Kv0crwKG">Indian Ocean</a> in an indigenous deep sea <a href="/facts/Submersible/GQCdVLvK">submersible</a> having an endurance of 72 hours.

Deep Ocean mission open-in-new

Deep Ocean mission