Anaphase-promoting complex

Anaphase-promoting complex (also called the cyclosome or APC/C) is an E3 <a href="/facts/Ubiquitin_ligase/8xmNaWW3">ubiquitin ligase</a> that marks target <a href="/facts/Cell_cycle/nLMT7K4r">cell cycle</a> proteins for degradation by the 26S <a href="/facts/Proteasome/8vTtg2MI">proteasome</a>. The APC/C is a large complex of 11–13 subunit <a href="/facts/Protein/Jxmagu3E">proteins</a>, including a <a href="/facts/Cullin/NDAm163n">cullin</a> (<a href="/facts/ANAPC2/8aJgv9Qz">Apc2</a>) and <a href="/facts/RING/g6EtFQbn">RING</a> (<a href="/facts/ANAPC11/F9Xmrt8q">Apc11</a>) subunit much like <a href="/facts/SCF_complex/WeSds7A1">SCF</a>. Other parts of the APC/C have unknown functions but are highly <a href="/facts/Conserved_sequence/YAxy2Xa2">conserved</a>.
It was the discovery of the APC/C (and <a href="/facts/SCF_complex/WeSds7A1">SCF</a>) and their key role in eukaryotic cell-cycle regulation that established the importance of <a href="/facts/Ubiquitin/hpulmU3m">ubiquitin</a>-mediated <a href="/facts/Proteolysis/GtQdv6J7">proteolysis</a> in cell biology. Once perceived as a system exclusively involved in removing damaged protein from the cell, ubiquitination and subsequent protein degradation by the <a href="/facts/Proteasome/8vTtg2MI">proteasome</a> is now perceived as a universal regulatory mechanism for <a href="/facts/Signal_transduction/1bs0Me6w">signal transduction</a> whose importance approaches that of <a href="/facts/Protein_phosphorylation/4alcRDkM">protein phosphorylation</a>.
In 2014, the APC/C was mapped in 3D at a resolution of less than a <a href="/facts/Nanometre/a98sjHyu">nanometre</a>, which also uncovered its secondary structure. This finding could improve understanding of <a href="/facts/Cancer/PVW6n1D0">cancer</a> and reveal new binding sites for future cancer drugs.

Anaphase-promoting complex open-in-new

Anaphase-promoting complex