List of refractive indices

Many materials have a well-characterized <a href="/facts/Refractive_index/yjkzvgeE">refractive index</a>, but these indices often depend strongly upon the <a href="/facts/Frequency/QUSbPaW8">frequency</a> of light, causing <a href="/facts/Dispersion_(optics)/cUdHnYXz">optical dispersion</a>. Standard refractive index measurements are taken at the "yellow doublet" <a href="/facts/Fraunhofer_lines/rVSJ6nlH">sodium D line</a>, with a <a href="/facts/Wavelength/kcJU0ymz">wavelength</a> (λ) of 589 <a href="/facts/Nanometre/a98sjHyu">nanometers</a>.
There are also weaker dependencies on <a href="/facts/Temperature/QyGe4gmj">temperature</a>, <a href="/facts/Pressure/eyc37GRG">pressure</a>/<a href="/facts/Stress_(physics)/ErAXDbbd">stress</a>, etc., as well on precise material compositions (presence of <a href="/facts/Dopant/DvChmeRL">dopants</a>, etc.); for many materials and typical conditions, however, these variations are at the percent level or less. Thus, it's especially important to cite the source for an index measurement if precision is required.
In general, an index of refraction is a <a href="/facts/Complex_number/2w7mqI7e">complex number</a> with both a real and imaginary part, where the latter indicates the strength of absorption loss at a particular wavelength—thus, the imaginary part is sometimes called the <a href="/facts/Refractive_index/yjkzvgeE">extinction coefficient</a> 
 
 
 
 k
 
 
 {\displaystyle k}
 
. Such losses become particularly significant, for example, in metals at short (e.g. visible) wavelengths, and must be included in any description of the <a href="/facts/Refractive_index/yjkzvgeE">refractive index</a>.

List of refractive indices open-in-new

List of refractive indices