Milky Way

The Milky Way or Milky Way Galaxy is the <a href="/facts/Galaxy/zCyUvEf7">galaxy</a> that includes the <a href="/facts/Solar_System/QIcLSazQ">Solar System</a>, with the name describing the galaxy's appearance from <a href="/facts/Earth/HLLmDfj0">Earth</a>: a hazy band of light seen in the <a href="/facts/Night_sky/IM1PakDh">night sky</a> formed from stars in other arms of the galaxy, which are so far away that they cannot be individually distinguished by the <a href="/facts/Naked_eye/ePEIa0lK">naked eye</a>.
The Milky Way is a <a href="/facts/Barred_spiral_galaxy/cntSCFX4">barred spiral galaxy</a> with a <a href="/facts/Galaxy/zCyUvEf7">D25 isophotal diameter</a> estimated at 26.8 ± 1.1 <a href="/facts/Parsec/SwSsk57J">kiloparsecs</a> (87,400 ± 3,600 <a href="/facts/Light-year/IGc5NdQb">light-years</a>), but only about 1,000 light-years thick at the spiral arms (more at the bulge). Recent simulations suggest that a <a href="/facts/Dark_matter/y5HgX55N">dark matter</a> area, also containing some visible stars, may extend up to a diameter of almost 2 million light-years (613 kpc). The Milky Way has several <a href="/facts/List_of_Milky_Way%2527s_satellite_galaxies/eJEwRM6g">satellite galaxies</a> and is part of the <a href="/facts/Local_Group/kjUefCLr">Local Group</a> of galaxies, forming part of the <a href="/facts/Virgo_Supercluster/kUNskKbo">Virgo Supercluster</a> which is itself a component of the <a href="/facts/Laniakea_Supercluster/pleQ3nUL">Laniakea Supercluster</a>.
It is estimated to contain 100–400 billion stars and at least that number of <a href="/facts/Planet/rbPjE6Bx">planets</a>. The Solar System is located at a radius of about 27,000 light-years (8.3 kpc) from the <a href="/facts/Galactic_Center/TI4MwWwM">Galactic Center</a>, on the inner edge of the <a href="/facts/Orion_Arm/Vo4Clzk5">Orion Arm</a>, one of the spiral-shaped concentrations of gas and dust. The stars in the innermost 10,000 light-years form a <a href="/facts/Bulge_(astronomy)/cjJ0LFan">bulge</a> and one or more bars that radiate from the bulge. The Galactic Center is an intense radio source known as <a href="/facts/Sagittarius_A*/5TWIRfgm">Sagittarius A*</a>, a <a href="/facts/Supermassive_black_hole/BcuTx8Q5">supermassive black hole</a> of 4.100 (± 0.034) million <a href="/facts/Solar_mass/j6Auhku8">solar masses</a>. The oldest stars in the Milky Way are nearly as old as the <a href="/facts/Universe/lfoqc5m6">Universe</a> itself and thus probably formed shortly after the <a href="/facts/Chronology_of_the_universe/ezBKAdjy">Dark Ages</a> of the <a href="/facts/Big_Bang/I5T1vTnv">Big Bang</a>.
<a href="/facts/Galileo_Galilei/98VT2z3v">Galileo Galilei</a> first resolved the band of light into individual stars with his telescope in 1610. Until the early 1920s, most astronomers thought that the Milky Way contained all the stars in the Universe. Following the 1920 <a href="/facts/Great_Debate_(astronomy)/aF4mJfJe">Great Debate</a> between the astronomers <a href="/facts/Harlow_Shapley/EBHMWFuP">Harlow Shapley</a> and <a href="/facts/Heber_Doust_Curtis/KaGog5aI">Heber Doust Curtis</a>, observations by <a href="/facts/Edwin_Hubble/fpX3JlbJ">Edwin Hubble</a> in 1923 showed that the Milky Way is just one of many galaxies.

Milky Way open-in-new

Milky Way