Menu
Home
Explore
People
Places
Arts
History
Plants & Animals
Science
Life & Culture
Technology
Reference.org
Sign In
Life & Culture
Politic and economic
Business and economics
Business
Business
General
Business types
Industry
Employment
Marketing
Taxation
Common trades and professions
Individual trade unions
Academic tenure
Indefinite academic appointment
Accountant
Practitioner of accounting or accountancy
Actuarial science
Discipline that applies mathematical and statistical methods to assess risk in the insurance, finance, and other industries
Advertising
Form of communication for marketing, typically paid for
Advertising research
Study conducted to improve advertising
Aerial advertising
Type of advertisement
Aerospace manufacturer
Company involved in manufacturing aircraft, aircraft parts, missiles, rockets, and/or spacecraft
AFL-CIO
Federation of American trade unions
Agrarian society
Community whose economy is based on crops and farmland
Agriculture
Cultivation of plants and animals to provide useful products
Aircraft pilot
Person controlling an aircraft in flight
Apprenticeship
System of employment
Automotive industry
Organizations involved with motor vehicles
Bank teller
Employee of a bank who deals directly with most customers
Bankruptcy
Legal status for relief from debts
Bartender
Person who serves usually alcoholic beverages behind the bar in a licensed establishment
Big-game hunting
Hunting of large animals
Blue-collar worker
Working-class person who performs manual labor
Board of directors
Type of governing body for an organisation
Brand
Identification for a good or service
Business
Organization undertaking commercial, industrial, or professional activity
Business cycle
Fluctuation in the degree of utilization of the production potential of an economy
Business networking
Forming professional relationships between people, businesses, or groups
Businessperson
Person involved in activities for the purpose of generating revenue
Capital (economics)
Already-produced durable goods that are used in production of goods or services
Capital gains tax
Tax on investment profits
Career
An individual's journey through learning, work, and other aspects of life
Cashier
Person who handles the exchanging of money for goods at a store
Celebrity branding
Form of advertising campaign or marketing strategy
Chemical industry
Industry (branch), which is engaged in the manufacturing of chemical products
Cleaner
Person employed to clean
Cleaner
Person that takes care of buildings
Clerk
White-collar worker who conducts general office tasks
Closed shop
Labour arrangement where the employer must hire unionised members
Clothing industry
Industry encompassing the design, manufacturing, wholesaling and retailing of clothes
Coal mining
Process of getting coal out of the ground
Collective bargaining
Negotiations between employers and a group of employees
Commerce
Exchange of goods and services
Company
Association or collection of individuals
Competition law
Law that promotes or seeks to maintain market competition by regulating anti-competitive conduct by companies
Conglomerate (company)
Large company involved in many industries
Construction
Process of the building or assembling of a building or infrastructure
Consumption tax
Tax on spending on goods and services
Contingent work
Type of employment relationship involving non-permanent freelance work with payment based on piece work
Cook (profession)
Occupation involving cooking food
Cooperative
Autonomous association of persons or organizations
Corporate governance
Mechanisms, processes and relations by which corporations are controlled and operated
Corporate law
Body of law that applies to the rights, relations, and conduct of persons, companies, organizations and businesses
Corporate tax
Tax levied on the profits of companies
Corporation
Legal entity incorporated through a legislative or registration process
Corvée
Form of intermittent, unpaid, unfree labour
Craft
Pastime or profession that requires particular skills and knowledge of skilled work
Curriculum vitae
Summary of career
Customer service representative
Agent responsible for handling complaints, processing orders, and communicating services
Deep sea mining
Mineral extraction from the ocean floor
Department store
Retail establishment; building which offers a wide range of consumer goods
Deskilling
Lowering of skill levels by new technology
Direct selling
Controversial marketing strategy in which a party buys products from a parent organisation and sells them directly to customers
Division of labour
Separation of tasks in any system so that participants may specialise
Domestic worker
Person who works within the employer's household
E-commerce
Type of business industry usually conducted over the internet
Economic security
Having stable income or other resources to support a standard of living now and in the foreseeable future
Electrician
Tradesperson specializing in electrical wiring
Employee benefits
Non-wage compensation provided to employees in addition to normal wages or salaries
Employment
Relationship between the employee and the employer
Employment agency
Organization which matches employers to employees
Energy industry
Industries involved in the production and sale of energy
Engineer
Professional practitioner of engineering and its subclasses
Entrepreneurship
Process of designing, launching and running a new business
Equal pay for equal work
Concept of labor rights that individuals in the same workplace be given equal pay
Escalation clause
Clause in a contract adjusting costs to external factors
Excise
Goods tax levied at the moment of manufacture rather than sale
Exit interview
Survey conducted with an individual leaving an organisation
Falconry
Hunting with a trained bird of prey
Featherbedding
Practice of hiring more workers than are needed to perform a given job, or to adopt work procedures which appear pointless, complex and time-consuming merely to employ additional workers
Fishing
Activity of trying to catch fish
Fishing industry
The economic sector concerned with taking, culturing, processing, preserving, storing, transporting, marketing or selling fish or fish products
Flight attendant
Member of an aircrew
Food industry
Collective term for diverse businesses that supply much of the world's food
Forced labour
Work people are employed in against their will
Foreign worker
Person working in a country other than one of which they are a citizen
Forestry
Science and craft of managing woodlands
Free trade
Absence of government restriction on international trade
Fringe benefits tax
Fur trade
Worldwide industry dealing in the acquisition and sale of animal fur
General strike
Strike action in which a substantial proportion of the total labour force in a city, region, or country participates
Gold mining
Process of extracting gold from the ground
Gold panning
Form of placer mining
Golden parachute
Agreement providing significant compensation if someone is fired, such as due to a merger
Groundskeeping
Profession in sport
Hairdresser
Person whose occupation is to cut or style hair
Housekeeper (domestic worker)
Domestic worker responsible for running the household, in charge of housemaids
Hunting
Searching, pursuing, and killing wild animals
Income tax
Tax imposed on individuals or entities (taxpayers) that varies with respective income or profits (taxable income).
Indirect tax
Tax collected by an intermediary. Indirect taxes are levied (imposed or charged) by government
Industrial relations
Study of the relationship between employers, employees and others
Industrial unionism
Labor union organizing model
Industrial Workers of the World
International labor union
Industry (economics)
Economic branch that produces raw materials, goods, or services
Infomercial
Long television commercial
Informal economy
Economic activity unregulated by government
Inheritance tax
Tax paid by a person who inherits the estate of a natural person who has died
International trade
Exchanges across international borders
Job interview
Interview for a job
Joint venture
Business agreement to develop, for a finite time, a new entity
Laborer
Unskilled or skilled worker
Labour law
Mediates the relationship between workers, employers, trade unions and the government
Layoff
Involuntary termination of employment of an employee due to business concerns
Limited liability company
US-specific form of a private limited company
Lockout (industry)
Temporary work stoppage or denial of employment initiated by the management of a company during a labor dispute
Logistics
Management of the flow of resources
Management
Coordinating the efforts of people
Manufacturing
Industrial activity producing goods for sale using labor and machines
Market penetration
In marketing, a parameter to show the rate of circulation of a product in its market
Market segmentation
Process of dividing a broad consumer market into sub-groups with shared characteristics
Marketing
Study and process of exploring, creating, and delivering value to customers
Mechanic
Profession
Mentorship
Guidance relationship
Mergers and acquisitions
Type of corporate transaction
Migrant worker
Person who migrates to pursue work
Minimum wage
Lowest wage which can be paid legally in a state for working
Mining
The extraction of valuable minerals or other geological materials from the Earth
Monopoly
Market structure with a single firm dominating the market
Mountaintop removal mining
Form of surface mining that involves the mining of the summit or summit ridge of a mountain
Multinational corporation
Corporation operating in multiple countries
Music in advertising
Music integrated into mass electronic media advertisements to enhance its success
Occupational injury
Bodily damage resulting from working, resulting from exposure to occupational hazards, such as temperature, noise, insect or animal bites, blood-borne pathogens, aerosols, hazardous chemicals, radiation, and occupational burnout
Offshoring
Transnational relocation of business processes in the aim of enhancing efficience
Online advertising
Form of advertising that uses the Internet
Online shopping
Form of electronic commerce
Open-pit mining
Surface mining technique
Outsourcing
Contracting internal tasks to an external organization
Parental leave
Parental leave is a family policy measure which an employee can take advantage of for the education of his or her children
Partnership
Arrangement in which parties agree to cooperate to advance their mutual interests
Pension
Retirement fund
Pension fund
Program, fund, or scheme that provides retirement income
Perfect competition
Market structure in which firms are price takers for a homogenous product
Phillips curve
Single-equation economic model relating wages to unemployment
Picketing
Form of protest in which people gather outside a place of business
Plumber
Tradesperson specializing in water and sewage systems
Police officer
Warranted employee of a police force
Politician
Person active in politics
Poll tax
Fixed tax paid by every liable individual
Post-industrial society
Society whose service sector provides more economic value than manufacturing
Pre-industrial society
Societies before industrialization
Principal–agent problem
Conflict of interest when one agent makes decisions on another's behalf
Productivity
Average measure of the efficiency of production
Profit maximization
Process to determine the highest profits for a firm
Profit sharing
When employees share in the company's profits
Programmer
Person who writes computer software
Project management
Practice of leading the work of a team to achieve goals and criteria at a specified time
Property
Entity owned by a person or a group of people
Property tax
Tax on property, particularly real estate
Protectionism
Economic policy of restraining trade between states through government regulations
Public limited company
Publicly traded limited liability company
Public–private partnership
Government/private company partnership
Real estate
Subset of land that has been legally defined and the improvements to it made by human efforts
Receptionist
Profession
Recruitment
Process of attracting, selecting and appointing candidates to a job or other organization
Rengo
City and Commune in O'Higgins, Chile
Résumé
Business document
Retail
Sale of goods and services
Retirement
Point where a person ceases employment permanently
Revenue service
Government agency responsible for the intake of government revenue, tax administration in some jurisdiction
Salary
Remuneration paid by an employer to an employee periodically, rather than based on actual time worked
Sales (band)
American guitar-based pop band
Sales tax
Tax paid to a governing body for the sales of certain goods and services
Salt mining
Mining operation extracting rock salt or halite
Salting (union organizing)
Labor union tactic
Screen Actors Guild
American labor union representing film performers (1933-2012)
Secretary
Office occupation supporting management
Security guard
Person employed to protect assets
Shift work (disambiguation)
Topics referred to by the same term
Shopping
Buying goods
Shopping mall
Large indoor shopping center
Shopping mall
Large indoor shopping center
Silver mining
Extraction of silver from the ground
Small business
Business with less employees or revenue
Social enterprise
Type of organization
Sole proprietorship
Business legally synonymous with its owner
Startup company
Company initiated by an entrepreneur to develop a scalable economic model
State-owned enterprise
Legal entity controlled by a government to undertake commercial activities
Strike action
Work stoppage caused by the mass refusal of employees to work
Supermarket
Large format of grocery store
Supply chain
System involved in supplying a product or service to a consumer
Supply chain management
Management flow of goods and services
Surface mining
Broad category of mining
Sweatshop
Workplace that has socially unacceptable working conditions
Tariff
Goods import or export tax
Tax
Method to impose financial charge or other levy upon a taxpayer by a government or functional equivalent
Tax haven
Low "effective" tax rates for foreigners
Tax noncompliance
Range of legal and illegal activities that reduce tax paid
Teacher
Person who helps others to acquire knowledge, competences or values
Television advertisement
Paid commercial segment on television
Textile manufacturing
The industry which produces textiles
The Work Foundation
British non-profit organisation
Tin mining
Process of extracting tin from the ground
Trade
Exchange of goods and services.
Trades Union Congress
Federation of trade unions in England and Wales
Trophy hunting
Hunting of wild animals for trophies
Truck Driver
Topics referred to by the same term
Two-factor theory
Psychological theory of motivation
Unemployment
People without work and actively seeking work
Unemployment benefits
Payments made by authorized bodies to unemployed people
Uranium mining
Process of extraction of uranium ore from the ground
Value-added tax
Form of consumption tax
Vending machine
Machine which automatically dispenses products to customers after payment
Wage (disambiguation)
Topics referred to by the same term
Wage slavery
Term describing dependence on wages or a salary
Waiting staff
Person who attends to customers by serving them food and drink
Warehouse store
Food and grocery retailer that operates stores geared toward offering deeper discounted prices than a traditional supermarket
Watchmaker
Artisan who makes and repairs watches
Wealth tax
Tax on an entity's holdings of assets
Whaling
Hunting of whales
White-collar worker
Social class; person who performs intellectual labor
Work (human activity)
Activities performed as a means of support
Worker cooperative
Cooperative that is owned and self-managed by its workers
Working time
Period of time that an individual spends at paid occupational labor
Workweek and weekend
Parts of the week devoted to labor and rest, respectively