Menu

Home Explore People Places Arts History Plants & Animals Science Life & Culture Technology

People Scientists, inventors, and mathematicians

Scientists, inventors, and mathematicians

Pre-modern figures

Physics and astronomy

Physical geography

Inventors and engineers

Computer scientists and programmers

Danish physicist (1922–2009)

American computer programmer and activist (1986–2013)

Abd al-Rahman al-Sufi

Persian astronomer (903-986)

Abdul Qadeer Khan

Pakistani nuclear engineer (1936–2021)

Theoretical physicist, and Nobel Prize in Physics recipient

Abraham de Moivre

French mathematician

Abraham Gottlob Werner

German geologist (1749-1817)

Abu Bakr al-Razi

Persian polymath, physician, chemist and philosopher (854-925)

Abu Hanifa Dinawari

Islamic polymath

English mathematician (1815–1852)

Israeli chemist (born 1939)

American Nobel laureate and astrophysicist

English geologist (1785-1873)

Israeli cryptographer (born 1952)

Adolf Erik Nordenskiöld

Finland-Swedish baron, geologist and explorer (1832–1901)

Adolf von Baeyer

Adrien-Marie Legendre

French mathematician (1752–1833)

Egyptian scribe and mathematician (1680BC-1620BC)

English computer scientist (1912–1954)

Albert A. Michelson

American physicist (1852 – 1931)

Albert Einstein

German-born theoretical physicist (1879–1955)

French physicist, Nobel laureate in physics

Albert Günther

Anglo-German zoologist (1830–1914)

Swiss chemist (1906–2008)

Alberto Santos-Dumont

Brazilian aviation pioneer

Persian scholar and polymath (973–1050)

Albrecht von Graefe

German ophthalmologist

Albrecht von Haller

Swiss anatomist, physiologist, naturalist and poet (1708-1777)

Aleksandr Lyapunov

Russian mathematician

Aleksandr Popov (physicist)

Russian physicist (1859–1906)

Alessandro Volta

Italian chemist and physicist (1745–1827)

Alexander Fleming

Scottish physician and microbiologist (1881–1955)

Alexander Gettler

(1883-1968) Hungarian American toxicologist

Alexander Graham Bell

19/20th-century scientist and inventor best known for his work on the telephone

Alexander Grothendieck

French mathematician (1928–2014)

Alexander Prokhorov

Australian-born Soviet-Russian physicist

Alexander S. Wiener

American hematologist (1907-1976)

Alexander Shulgin

American chemist and recreational drug explorer (1925–2014)

Alexandre Brongniart

French chemist, mineralogist, and zoologist (1770–1847)

Alexandre Yersin

Swiss-born French physician and microbiologist

Alexei Abrikosov (physicist)

Soviet, Russian and American theoretical physicist

Soviet firearm designer

French surgeon and biologist (1873–1944)

French physicist

Swedish chemist, innovator, and armaments manufacturer (1833–1896)

Alfred Russel Wallace

English naturalist (1823–1913)

American mathematician

German polar researcher, geophysicist and meteorologist

American physician and toxicologist (1869–1970)

British epidemiologist

Persian mathematician

9th century Persian mathematician, astronomer and geographer

Muslim Arab philosopher, mathematician and physician (c. 801–873)

American aviation engineer and industrialist (1889–1969)

American astronomer

American mathematician and computer scientist (1903–1995)

Arab Andalusian physician, surgeon and chemist (936–1013)

French barber surgeon

Amedeo Avogadro

Italian scientist

American physiologist

Swedish astronomer and physicist

Anders Jonas Ångström

Swedish physicist (1814–1874)

André Citroën

French industrialist and Citroën car brand founder

Russian-born Dutch-British physicist

French mathematician (1906-1998)

American astronomer

Andreas Vesalius

Flemish anatomist, physician and author (1514–1564)

Andrei Sakharov

Soviet nuclear physicist and human rights activist

Soviet aerospace engineer (1888–1972)

André-Marie Ampère

French physicist and mathematician (1775–1836)

British mathematician who proved Fermat's Last Theorem

Computer scientist and computational theorist

Andrey Kolmogorov

Soviet mathematician (1903–1987)

Andrija Mohorovičić

Croatian seismologist and geophysicist

Angelo Mariani (chemist)

Annie Jump Cannon

American astronomer

Annie S. D. Maunder

British astronomer

Anousheh Ansari

Iranian-American engineer and entrepreneur

Anthemius of Tralles

Ancient Greek scientist and architect

American immunologist (born 1940)

Anthony James Leggett

British physicist (born 1938)

Antoine Lavoisier

French nobleman and chemist (1743–1794)

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

Dutch tradesman and scientist

British radio astronomer

Apollonius of Perga

Ancient Greek geometer and astronomer noted for his writings on conic sections

Archibald Geikie

Scottish geologist and writer

Greek mathematician and physicist (c. 287 – 212 BC)

4th-century BC Greek philosopher, mathematician, astronomer and statesman

Armen Takhtajan

Soviet-Armenian botanist (1910-2009)

Swedish biochemist and Nobel Prize laureate in Chemistry

Arno Allan Penzias

American physicist

Arnold Sommerfeld

German theoretical physicist

American-Hungarian physicist (1903–1992)

American physicist

Arthur B. McDonald

Canadian physicist

English mathematician (1821–1895)

American physicist

Arthur E. Bryson

American control theorist

Arthur Eddington

British astrophysicist (1882–1944)

Arthur Leonard Schawlow

20th-century American physicist; co-inventor of the laser

Arthur Moritz Schoenflies

German mathematician

Arthur Smith Woodward

English paleontologist (1864-1944)

Indian mathematician-astronomer

German automobile engineer, founder of Audi

German organic chemist

August Weismann

German evolutionary biologist (1834–1914)

Augustin-Jean Fresnel

18/19th-century French civil engineer and optical physicist

Augustin-Louis Cauchy

French mathematician (1789–1857)

Augustus De Morgan

British mathematician and logician (1806–1871)

Austin Bradford Hill

English epidemiologist and statistician (1897–1991)

Medieval Persian polymath, physician and philosopher (c.980–1037)

American computer scientist

Barbara McClintock

American scientist and cytogeneticist (1902–1992)

American physicist

Australian physician

American neurosurgeon and 17th US Secretary of Housing and Urban Development

Ben Roy Mottelson

Danish nuclear physicist

Benjamin Banneker

Free African-American scientist, surveyor, almanac author and farmer

American inventor

Benjamin Silliman

Early American chemist and science educator (1779-1864)

American pediatrician and writer (1903–1998)

Benoit Mandelbrot

French-American mathematician

Bernard Bolzano

Bohemian mathematician, logician, philosopher, theologian and Catholic priest (1781–1848)

Bernard Peyrilhe

French chemist and oncologist

Bernardino Ramazzini

Italian malariologist

Bernhard Riemann

German mathematician

Bernoulli family

Swiss patrician family, notable for having produced eight mathematically gifted academics

Bertram Brockhouse

Canadian physicist, Nobel laureate (1918–2003)

Indian mathematician and astronomer (600-680)

Chinese inventor of moveable type (972–1051)

American engineer

Australian permaculturist

American science communicator (born 1955)

Bjarne Stroustrup

Danish computer scientist, creator of C++ (born 1950)

French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer and Christian philosopher

Indian mathematician and astronomer (598–668)

American computer programmer and technologist

Brian Josephson

Welsh theoretical physicist (born 1940)

American-born Australian astrophysicist

Bruce C. Heezen

American geologist

Italian experimental physicist

American physicist

C. Everett Koop

American pediatric surgeon and public health administrator (1916–2013)

British physicist

C. H. D. Buys Ballot

Dutch physicist (*1817 – †1890)

C. T. R. Wilson

Scottish physicist and meteorologist (1869-1959) –

Indian physicist (1888–1970)

Chinese Han dynasty official, credited with inventing modern paper

Caldwell Esselstyn

American physician

American pharmacist

4th-century BC Greek astronomer and mathematician

French mathematician

American publisher, activist, and inventor of the bra

American taxidermist, sculptor, biologist, conservationist, inventor, nature photographer (1864–1926)

Automotive and engine designer and manufacturer

German chemist and engineer

German zoologist (1852–1914)

Carl David Anderson

American physicist

Carl Friedrich Gauss

German mathematician, astronomer, geodesist, and physicist (1777–1855)

Carl Gustaf Mosander

Swedish chemist and mineralogist

Carl Gustav Jacob Jacobi

German mathematician

Swedish botanist, physician, and zoologist

American astrophysicist, cosmologist, author, and science educator

Nobel prize winning US physicist

Carl Wilhelm Scheele

German-Swedish Chemist who discovered oxygen

Carl Wilhelm Siemens

German-British engineer and businessman (1823–1883)

Italian particle physicist and Nobel Prize

Caroline Herschel

German-British astronomer (1750–1848)

Carolus Clusius

Flemish botanist (1526–1609)

Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin

British-born American astronomer

Indian physician and academic

Charles Algernon Parsons

Inventor of the steam turbine

Charles Babbage

English mathematician, philosopher, and engineer (1791–1871)

Scottish physician, painter and theologian (1774–1842)

English naturalist and biologist

Charles Édouard Guillaume

Swiss physicist (1861-1938)

Charles F. Kettering

American inventor, engineer and businessman

Charles Glover Barkla

English physicist

Charles H. Townes

American physicist (1915–2015)

Charles Hermite

French mathematician (1822–1901)

Chinese scientist and Nobel Prize Laureate (1933–2018)

British geologist

Charles Messier

18th- and 19th-century French astronomer

Charles R. Drew

American surgeon and medical researcher (1904–1950)

Charles Richter

Seismologist and mathematician

Charles Thomas Jackson

Charles Wheatstone

British scientist and inventor

Charles-Augustin de Coulomb

French physicist

Chien-Shiung Wu

Chinese American experimental physicist

Christiaan Barnard

South-African cardiac surgeon

Christiaan Huygens

17th-century Dutch mathematician and natural philosopher

Christian Samuel Weiss

German mineralogist (1780-1856)

Christian Wilhelm Braune

German anatomist

American World War II flying ace and test pilot

Clair Patterson

American geochemist (1922–1995)

19th-century French physiologist

Claude Cohen-Tannoudji

French physicist

Claude Louis Berthollet

French chemist (1748-1822)

American mathematician and founder of information theory

French inventor and engineer

American physicist (1915–2001)

Clinton Davisson

American physicist

American astronomer (1906–1997)

Swiss physician, bibliographer and naturalist (1516–1565)

Constance Tipper

British metallurgist and crystallographer

Constantin Carathéodory

Greek mathematician

Cornelis Drebbel

Dutch engineer and inventor

Italian mathematician (1863–1924)

American biotechnologist and businessman

19th-century American physician

Cyril Callister

Australian chemist and food technologist

Cyrus McCormick

American inventor and businessman

Daniel B. Wesson

American gunsmith

Daniel Bernoulli

Swiss mathematician and physicist

Chinese-American physicist, Nobel laureate

Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit

German-Polish physicist and engineer

American software engineer

David A. Johnston

American volcanologist (1949–1980)

British astronomer and mathematician

David Goodall (botanist)

Botanist and ecologist

American particle physicist and string theorist

German mathematician (1862–1943)

David J. Wineland

American physicist

David Lee (physicist)

Physicist and Nobel Prize winner from the United States

British physicist

Indigenous Australian inventor and writer

Congolese gynecologist, Nobel laureate

French physicist, mathematician and inventor (*1647 – †1713)

Nobel Prize-winning physicist and inventor of holography

American computer scientist

Swiss astronomer (born 1966)

Alexandrian Greek mathematician

Dmitri Ivanovsky

Russian Botanist (1864–1920)

Dmitri Mendeleev

Russian chemist (1834–1907)

American engineer and inventor (1903-1990)

American computer scientist, mathematician, and professor emeritus at Stanford University

Donna Strickland

Canadian physicist, engineer, and Nobel laureate

19th-century American social reformer

Dorothy Hodgkin

British chemist

Douglas Engelbart

American engineer and inventor

Douglas Hartree

British mathematician and physicist

Douglas Osheroff

American physicist

1st century engineer, metallurgist and politician

Professor of physics at Princeton University

American biologist and author

English astronomer, geophysicist, mathematician, meteorologist, and physicist

English clergyman, mathematician, geometer and astronomer

Édouard-Alfred Martel

French cave explorer

Édouard-Léon Scott de Martinville

Edsger W. Dijkstra

Dutch computer scientist

Edward A. Guggenheim

English chemist (1901 - 1970)

American dentist

Edward Appleton

English atmospheric physicist (1892–1965)

Edward Drinker Cope

American paleontologist and biologist

English physician, scientist and pioneer of vaccination

Edward Norton Lorenz

American mathematician (1917–2008)

American physicist (1908–2003)

American statistician (born 1942)

Edward W. Morley

American physical chemist

American theoretical physicist

Edwin E. Salpeter

Austrian–Australian–American astrophysicist (1924–2008)

American astronomer

American physicist

Eilhard Mitscherlich

Ejnar Hertzsprung

Danish chemist and astronomer

American pharmacist, Union Army officer, businessman, philanthropist

18/19th-century American inventor of the cotton gin and the idea of interchangeable parts

American inventor

French mathematician

Élie Metchnikoff

19th and 20th-century Russian and French immunologist, embryologist, biologist, and Nobel laureat

19th-century American industrialist and inventor of the Otis Elevator

Elizabeth Kenny

Australian nurse

20th-century Hungarian chemist

American biochemist (1879–1967)

Elwyn Berlekamp

American mathematician

Austrian mathematician

Emil Constantinescu

Romanian professor and politician

Emil du Bois-Reymond

German physician and physiologist (1818-1896)

German chemist (1852–1919)

Emil von Behring

German physiologist (1854–1917)

German-born American inventor of the phonograph

French mathematician (1871–1956)

Émilie du Châtelet

French mathematician, physicist, and author

German mathematician (1882–1935)

Italian-American physicist

Ephraim McDowell

American physician (1771–1830)

Greek mathematician, geographer, poet (c. 276 BC – c. 195/194 BC)

Eric Allin Cornell

American physicist

Eric Brown (pilot)

Royal Navy test pilot, author (1920–2016)

Swedish botanist (1757-1819)

Ernest Lawrence

American nuclear physicist

Ernest Rutherford

New Zealand atomic and nuclear physicist (1871–1937)

American neurosurgeon (1879–1958)

Irish physicist and Nobel laureate (1903-1995)

Jewish-German-born British biochemist

German physicist, mathematician and musician

German biologist, philosopher, physician, and artist

German mathematician

Austrian physicist and university educator (1838–1916)

German-American evolutionary biologist (1904–2005)

Ernst Otto Fischer

German chemist (1918-2007)

German physicist

Erwin Schrödinger

Austrian-Irish theoretical physicist (1887–1961)

Étienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire

French naturalist who established the principle of "unity of composition" (1772-1844)

Étienne Oehmichen

French engineer and helicopter designer (1884-1955)

Étienne-Jules Marey

French scientist and chronophotographer

Greek mathematician, inventor of axiomatic geometry

Eudoxus of Cnidus

Ancient Greek astronomer and mathematician

American firearms designer (1922–1997)

Hungarian-American mathematician and Nobel Prize-winning physicist

Eugenius Warming

Danish botanist (1841–1924)

Evangelista Torricelli

Italian physicist, inventor of the barometer

Évariste Galois

French mathematician

Russian and Soviet weapons designer (1871-1968)

Swiss physicist

Félix d'Hérelle

French microbiologist

German mathematician (1849–1925)

German mechanical engineer (1902–1988)

German biologist (1828–1898)

Ferdinand Porsche

Austrian-German automotive engineer, inventor and Nazi who founded the Porsche car company

Ferdinand von Zeppelin

German general and airship pioneer

Italian mathematician (c. 1170–1245)

Florence Nightingale

English founder of modern nursing (1820–1910)

Italian entomologist and poet

Francis Beaufort

Irish hydrographer

Francis Collins

American physician-scientist (born 1950)

British physicist, molecular biologist; co-discoverer of the structure of DNA

English polymath: geographer, statistician, pioneer in eugenics (1822–1911)

François Englert

Belgian theoretical physicist

François Viète

French mathematician

Françoise Barré-Sinoussi

French virologist and Nobel laureate (born 1947)

François-Marie Raoult

Nineteenth century French physical chemist

Frank Gotch (physician)

American physician

Frank Pantridge

Northern Irish cardiologist and inventor (1916–2004)

American physicist and Nobel laureate

American inventor and engineer

French personal watercraft pilot (born 1978)

French parachuting pioneer (1878–1912)

New Zealand-Australian ophthalmologist

British astronomer (1915–2001)

Frederick Reines

American physicist (1918-1998)

Frederick Sanger

British biochemist

Frederick Scott Archer

English inventor of the photographic collodion process

Frederick Soddy

English chemist and physicist

Frederick Terman

Father of Silicon Valley and Stanford's Dean of Engineering

Frederick Winslow Taylor

American mechanical engineer

British theoretical physicist and mathematician (1923-2020)

German geologist and mineralogist

Friedrich Wilhelm Bessel

German astronomer and mathematician

Friedrich Wöhler

Dutch physicist (1888–1966)

German-Jewish chemist and Nobel laureate

German engineer and senior Nazi figure

Swiss astronomer

G. Evelyn Hutchinson

British ecologist (1903–1991).

British mathematician

British physicist and mathematician (1886–1975)

G. N. Ramachandran

Indian physicist (1922–2001)

Gabriel Lippmann

French physicist born in Luxembourg

Gabriele Falloppio

Italian anatomist (1523-1562)

Greek physician, surgeon and philosopher

Galileo Galilei

Florentine physicist and astronomer (1564–1642)

American computer scientist and microcomputer entrepreneur

French mathematician, inventor of descriptive geometry and father of differential geometry (1746–1818)

Gaspard-Gustave de Coriolis

French mathematician, mechanical engineer, and scientist

American computer architect and high-tech entrepreneur

Geoffrey Wilkinson

English chemist and Nobel prize winner (1921–1996)

German physicist

19th and 20th-century German mathematician

Georg Christoph Lichtenberg

German scientist and satirist (1742-1799)

German mathematician and physicist (1789–1854)

George Albert Boulenger

Belgian-British zoologist (1858–1937), member of the Accademia delle Scienze di Torino from 1900

American avant-garde composer, pianist, author and inventor

English mathematician, philosopher and logician

British aeronautical engineer (1773–1857)

American mathematician

George E. P. Box

British statistician

George E. Smith

Nobel prize winning American physicist

American entrepreneur, inventor, and photographer

George Ellery Hale

American solar astronomer

American statistician

George Paget Thomson

British physicist and Nobel laureate in physics

Hungarian mathematician

Engineer and businessman from the United States (1831-1897)

George Rosenkranz

Jewish Hungarian Mexican chemist and executive, bridge player and writer

George Safford Parker

American businessman (1863-1937)

American astrophysicist and cosmologist

George Stephenson

English mechanical and civil engineer, described as the "Father of Railways" (1781–1848)

American abortion provider (1941–2009)

George Washington (inventor)

Belgian-born American inventor and businessman

George Washington Carver

American botanist and inventor

George Washington Goethals

United States Army general (1858–1928)

Canadian control theorist (1934–1997)

Georges Charpak

French physicist (1924-2010)

French naturalist, zoologist and paleontologist

Georges Lemaître

Belgian scientist and priest (1894-1966)

Georgius Agricola

German mineralogist

Netherlands-born American astronomer

French physicist

Gerard 't Hooft

Dutch theoretical physicist

German physicist

German bacteriologist (1895–1964)

Germain Henri Hess

Gerolamo Cardano

Italian Renaissance mathematician, physician, astrologer

Austro-Hungarian-American biochemist

Gilbert N. Lewis

American physical chemist

Giovanni Domenico Cassini

Italian/French mathematician, astronomer, engineer, and astrologer

Girard Desargues

French mathematician and engineer

Italian mathematician and glottologist

American aviator and industrialist (1878–1930)

Glenn L. Martin

Aviation pioneer (1886-1955)

Glenn T. Seaborg

20th-century American chemist notable for discovering several transuranium elements

Godfrey Hounsfield

English electrical engineer (1919–2004)

Gottfried Reinhold Treviranus

German biologist (1776-1837)

Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz

German polymath (1646–1716)

Gotthold Eisenstein

German mathematician

Gottlieb Daimler

German businessman

German philosopher, logician, and mathematician (1848–1925)

American computer scientist and US Navy admiral (1906–1992)

Greene Vardiman Black

American dentistry academic

Silesian scientist and Augustinian friar

Gregorio Ricci-Curbastro

Italian mathematician

Grigori Perelman

Russian mathematician

Guglielmo Marconi

Italian electrical engineer, inventor, and politician (1874–1937)

Guillaume de l'Hôpital

French noble and mathematician (*1661 – †1704)

Chinese astronomer and mathematician (1231–1316)

Swedish Nobel Laureate and industrialist

Gustav Kirchhoff

German physicist

Gustav Ludwig Hertz

German physicist

French civil engineer and architect

Guy de Chauliac

French surgeon (ca. 1300-1368)

Hanaoka Seishū

Japanese surgeon of the Edo period

German aviator and test pilot

Swedish electrical engineer, plasma physicist and science fiction author (1908–1995), winner of the 1970 Nobel Prize for Physics

Austrian physician (1906–1980)

German-American nuclear physicist

Hans Christian Ørsted

Danish physicist and chemist (1777–1851)

Hans Georg Dehmelt

German physicist

Austrian biologist, film-maker, and underwater diving pioneer

Hans Krebs (biochemist)

British biochemist

Harald zur Hausen

German virologist and professor emeritus (born 1936)

New Zealand plastic surgeon (1882–1960)

Harold Scott MacDonald Coxeter

Canadian geometer

American physical chemist

American geologist and volcanologist

Harry Page Woodward

Australian geologist

American neurosurgeon (1869–1939)

Chinese scientist (born 1984)

Austrian-American actress and inventor (1914–2000)

Heike Kamerlingh Onnes

Dutch experimental physicist (1853–1926)

German physicist, namesake of the SI unit of frequency

Heinrich Kayser

German physicist

Heinrich Rohrer

Swiss physicist

Heinrich Vollmer

German firearm designer

Heinrich Wilhelm Matthias Olbers

18th and 19th-century German physician and astronomer

Hendrik Lorentz

Dutch physicist

Hendrik Wade Bode

American scientist and engineer (1905–1982)

Henri Becquerel

Late 19th-century French physicist and engineer

French mathematician

Henri Poincaré

French mathematician, physicist and engineer (1854–1912)

Henrietta Swan Leavitt

American astronomer (1868–1921)

English inventor

Henry Briggs (mathematician)

British mathematician (*1561 – †1630)

Henry Cavendish

British natural philosopher, and scientist (1731 – 1810)

Henry Fox Talbot

English photography pioneer (1800–1877)

Henry Norris Russell

American astronomer (1877–1957)

English engineer and car designer (1863–1933)

Henry Sutton (inventor)

Australian inventor (1855–1912)

Canadian-born American chemist

Henry Way Kendall

American particle physicist who won the Nobel Prize in Physics

Herbert Kroemer

German-American physicist (born 1928)

Herbert Needleman

American psychiatrist and lead researcher

Herman Hollerith

American statistician and inventor

Hermann Joseph Muller

American biologist

Austro-Hungarian-born German physicist and rocketry pioneer (1894–1989)

Hermann Staudinger

German chemist, winner of the 1953 Nobel Prize in Chemistry

Hermann von Helmholtz

German physicist and physiologist

German mathematician (1885–1955)

Hero of Alexandria

1st century AD Greco-Egyptian mathematician and engineer

Japanese theoretical physicist

Japanese bacteriologist

Hieronymus Fabricius

Italian physician, anatomist and surgeon (1533–1619)

2nd century Greek astronomer, geographer and mathematician

Ancient Greek physician (c. 460 – c. 370 BC)

Hippocrates of Chios

5th-century BC Greek mathematician and astronomer

American-British inventor (1840–1916)

Japanese physicist, engineer and inventor

Horace Bénédict de Saussure

Genevan scientist and mountaineer

Horace Smith (inventor)

American gunsmith, inventor, and businessman

Horst Ludwig Störmer

German physicist

Howard Atwood Kelly

American academic and gynecologist

Australian pathologist (1898–1968)

Howard H. Aiken

Pioneer in computing, original conceptual designer behind IBM's Harvard Mark I computer

Chinese physician (c. 140–208)

Hubert Cecil Booth

British engineer

Hubertus Strughold

German scientist and perpetrator of Nazi-sponsored medical torture; participant in Operation Paperclip

Hugh David Politzer

American physicist

Hugh Everett III

American scientist (1930–1982)

Hugh Owen Thomas

Hugo Schmeisser

German firearm designer

British chemist and inventor

4th-century Alexandrian astronomer and mathematician

Ian Clunies Ross

Australian scientist

Arab physicist, mathematician and astronomer (c. 965 – c. 1040)

Egyptian mathematician (c. 950–1009)

Ignacy Łukasiewicz

Polish pharmacist, engineer, businessman, inventor and philantropist

Ignaz Semmelweis

Early pioneer of antiseptic procedures

Russian-American aviation pioneer

Russian physicist

Soviet physicist

Russian-Belgian physical chemist (1917 - 2003)

Irving Langmuir

American chemist and physicist

English polymath (1642–1726)

Isambard Kingdom Brunel

British mechanical and civil engineer (1806–1859)

Japanese engineer

Isidor Isaac Rabi

American nuclear physicist (1898–1988)

Norwegian physicist

J. B. S. Haldane

Geneticist and evolutionary biologist

J. Hans D. Jensen

German nuclear physicist

British physicist

American physician and gynecologist (1813-1883)

J. Michael Kosterlitz

British physicist

J. Presper Eckert

American electrical engineer and computer pioneer

J. Robert Oppenheimer

American theoretical physicist (1904–1967)

Jabir ibn Hayyan

Islamic alchemist and polymath

American electrical engineer (1923–2005)

American rocket engineer

Jack Steinberger

German-American physicist, Nobel laureate

Jacob Bernoulli

Swiss mathematician (1655–1705)

Russian-born American tailor

Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff

Dutch physical and organic chemist

Jacques Cousteau

Inventor of scuba-diving apparatus and film-maker

Jagadish Chandra Bose

Physicist, biologist and botanist (1857–1937)

James Bond (ornithologist)

American ornithologist and inspiration for the name of the fictional spy

English physicist

James Clerk Maxwell

Scottish physicist (1831–1879)

American physicist

German physicist

Canadian computer scientist (born 1955)

James Gregory (mathematician)

Scottish mathematician and astronomer

American physicist

James Hargreaves

English inventor of the Spinning Jenny

Scottish geologist, physician, chemical manufacturer, naturalist, and experimental agriculturalist

Scottish physician

James Prescott Joule

English physicist and brewer

James Rainwater

American physicist

American molecular biologist, geneticist, and zoologist

British inventor, mechanical engineer and chemist (1736-1819)

Jamshid al-Kashi

Persian astronomer and mathematician (c. 1380–1429)

Jan Baptist van Helmont

Chemist, physiologist, and physician from the Spanish Low Countries

Jan Evangelista Purkyně

Czech scientist (1787–1869)

Dutch astronomer

Dutch entomologist and beekeeper

English primatologist and anthropologist

Hungarian mathematician

Jaroslav Heyrovský

Czech chemist (1890-1967)

Jay Wright Forrester

American operations researcher

Jean Baptiste Perrin

French physicist

Jean Dieudonné

French mathematician

French computer scientist (1940-2007)

Jean le Rond d'Alembert

French mathematician, mechanician, physicist, philosopher and music theorist (1717-1783)

Jean Léonard Marie Poiseuille

French physicist (1797-1869)

Jean-Baptiste Biot

French physicist

Jean-Baptiste Lamarck

18th and 19th-century French naturalist

Jean-Étienne Guettard

French scientist (1715-1786)

Jean-Martin Charcot

French neurologist

Jean-Pierre Blanchard

Late 18th-century French inventor

Jerome Isaac Friedman

American physicist

Jérôme Lejeune

French pediatrician and geneticist

Jethro Tull (agriculturist)

English agricultural pioneer, who assisted the Agricultural Revolution

Chinese mathematician

Canadian-American astrophysicist and cosmologist

Joan Beauchamp Procter

British zoologist

Jocelyn Bell Burnell

British astrophysicist

Johan Christian Fabricius

Danish zoologist (1745–1808)

Johann Bernoulli

Swiss mathematician

Johann Friedrich Blumenbach

18th and 19th-century German physiologist and anthropologist

Johann Gottfried Galle

German astronomer

Johann Heinrich Lambert

Swiss polymath (1728–1777)

Johann Jakob Heckel

Austrian taxidermist, zoologist, and ichthyologist (1790-1857)

Johannes Diderik van der Waals

Dutch physicist who greatly advanced the fields of thermodynamics and molecular science

Johannes Gutenberg

German inventor and craftsman (c. 1393–1406 – 1468)

Johannes Hevelius

17th-century astronomer and mayor of Gdańsk

Johannes Kepler

17th-century German mathematician, astronomer and astrologer

German physicist and Nobel laureate

Scottish physician, satirist and polymath in London (1667-1735)

American physicist (1908–1991)

American firearms designer

American astrophysicist and cosmologist

British nuclear physicist (1897–1967)

British chemist and physicist (1766–1844)

John Deere (inventor)

American blacksmith and manufacturer

American automobile engineer and executive

John Edensor Littlewood

British mathematician

17/18th-century English astronomer

John Forbes Nash Jr.

American mathematician

John Hancock (ornithologist)

English naturalist, ornithologist, taxidermist and landscape architect (1808-1890)

English clockmaker and horologist

John Harvey Kellogg

American physician, inventor, and businessman

John Hasbrouck Van Vleck

American physicist and mathematician

19th-century English polymath, mathematician, astronomer, chemist, inventor and photographer

John Horton Conway

English mathematician (1937–2020)

John Hunter (surgeon)

British surgeon (1752–1802)

American inventor

John James Audubon

American ornithologist, naturalist, and painter

John Joseph Montgomery

American inventor, engineer and professor

American physicist (born 1934)

John Logie Baird

Scottish inventor, known for first demonstrating television (1888–1946)

American computer programmer and businessman

John McCarthy (computer scientist)

American scientist (1927–2011)

Scottish mathematician

John Philip Holland

British naturalist (1627–1705), known for his work on plant classification

John Robert Schrieffer

American physicist

John Scott Haldane

British physiologist and decompression researcher (1860–1936)

British engineer

English epidemiologist and physician

John Stith Pemberton

American pharmacist, inventor of Coca-Cola (1831–1888)

John T. Thompson

United States Army officer (1860-1940)

19th and 20th-century Australian astronomer

John Theophilus Desaguliers

French-born British natural philosopher and clergyman

John Tuzo Wilson

Canadian geologist (1908–1993)

John von Neumann

Mathematician and physicist

English mathematician 1616 – 1703

American computer programmer

John Wilkinson (industrialist)

English industrialist

John William Strutt, 3rd Baron Rayleigh

English physicist

British physiologist

Johnny Appleseed

American pioneer nurseryman

20th-century American virologist; inventor of the polio vaccine

Jöns Jacob Berzelius

Swedish chemist

Nazi SS doctor at Auschwitz (1911–1979)

English naturalist and botanist

Joseph Bazalgette

19th-century English civil engineer

British chemist (1728-1799)

Joseph Dalton Hooker

British botanist and explorer (1817–1911)

French mathematician and physicist (1768 – 1830)

American scientist and the 1st Secretary of the Smithsonian

Joseph Hooton Taylor Jr.

American astronomer

Player of the Hawaiian steel guitar

Joseph Liouville

French mathematician and engineer (1809–1882)

19th and 20th-century British surgeon and antiseptic pioneer

Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac

French chemist and physicist (1778–1850)

Joseph Priestley

English chemist, theologian, educator, and political theorist (1733–1804)

Joseph von Fraunhofer

Bavarian physicist

Josephine Cochrane

American inventor (1839–1913)

Joseph-Louis Lagrange

Italian-French scientist (1736–1813)

Josiah Willard Gibbs

American physicist

Swiss clockmaker, maker of astronomical instruments and mathematician

Julian Schwinger

American theoretical physicist (1918–1994)

Justus von Liebig

19th-century German chemist

K. Alex Müller

Swiss physicist and Nobel laureate (born 1927)

Swedish physicist (1918-2007)

Karen Uhlenbeck

American mathematician

German inventor

Karl Ernst von Baer

Baltic German scientist (1792–1876)

Karl Ferdinand Braun

German inventor and physicist

Karl Guthe Jansky

American astronomer

Karl Landsteiner

Jewish-Austrian biologist, physician and Nobel Prize laureate

English mathematician and biometrician

Karl Schwarzschild

German physicist (1873–1916)

Karl von Frisch

German-Austrian ethologist (1886–1892)

Karl Weierstrass

German mathematician

Katharine Hayhoe

Atmospheric scientist

Katherine Johnson

African American mathematician

Kathleen Lonsdale

Irish crystallographer

Katia and Maurice Krafft

French volcanologists

American computer scientist, creator of the Unix operating system

Kenjiro Takayanagi

Japanese pioneer in the development of television

Kenneth G. Wilson

American theoretical physicist (1936–2013)

Kia Silverbrook

Australian inventor, scientist, and serial entrepreneur

American physicist, writer, and Nobel Laureate (born 1940)

Kitasato Shibasaburō

Japanese bacteriologist, immunologist

Klaus von Klitzing

German physicist (born 1943)

Austrian zoologist

20th-century German computer scientist and engineer

Konstantin Novoselov

Russian-British physicist known for graphene work

Konstantin Tsiolkovsky

Russian and Soviet rocket scientist

Mathematical logician and philosopher (1906–1978)

L. E. J. Brouwer

Dutch mathematician and logician

LaMarcus Adna Thompson

American businessman (1848–1919)

László Bíró

Hungarian-Argentine inventor (1899–1985)

Italian physicist (1711–1778)

Australian-born British physicist and X-ray crystallographer

Lawrence Hargrave

Australian engineer

Lawrence Krauss

American particle physicist and cosmologist

Lazzaro Spallanzani

Italian priest, biologist and physiologist

American inventor

19/20th-century Belgian chemist famous for inventing Bakelite

Japanese physicist

American physicist (born 1930)

French physicist

Leon M. Lederman

American mathematician and physicist

Swiss mathematician (1707–1783)

Leonid Brekhovskikh

Soviet scientist

Leonid Kantorovich

Russian mathematician

Leopold Kronecker

German mathematician (1823–1891)

American military officer (1896–1970)

American computer scientist

Soviet physicist

Chinese polymath and scientist (1517–1593)

Chinese physician who raised awareness about COVID-19 outbreak

American scientist and activist (1901–1994)

Creator and lead developer of Linux kernel

Austrian-Swedish nuclear physicist (1878–1968)

Chinese mathematician and writer

American mathematician

Loránd Eötvös

Hungarian physicist (1848–1919)

British physicist, engineer and mathematician (1824–1907)

German naturalist (1779-1851)

Electrical engineer and computer scientist

Swiss-American naturalist (1807–1873)

French photographer, inventor of Daguerrotype (1787–1851)

Louis de Broglie

Nobel laureate credited to pioneer the discovery of wave character of matter

Louis Désiré Blanquart-Evrard

French photographer

Louis Harold Gray

British physicist (1905-1965)

Louis Le Prince

French inventor and Father of Cinematography (1841–1897)

French physicist

French chemist, pharmacist and microbiologist (1822–1895)

French virologist and Nobel Laureate

Ludolph Christian Treviranus

German botanist (1779-1864)

Ludwig Boltzmann

Austrian physicist and philosopher

German physicist (1875-1953)

Italian physician, physicist, and philosopher

Luis Walter Alvarez

American physicist, inventor and professor

American botanist, horticulturist, pioneer in agricultural science and eugenicist

American astronomer

American evolutionary biologist

Ma Jun (mechanical engineer)

3rd century Chinese mechanical engineer

Macfarlane Burnet

Australian virologist (1899–1985)

Madhava of Sangamagrama

Indian mathematician and astronomer (c.1340-c.1425)

Mahāvīra (mathematician)

9th-century Indian mathematician

Makoto Kobayashi

Japanese physicist

Malcolm Lockheed

American engineer

Swedish physicist

Marcello Malpighi

Italian physician (1628-1694)

Margaret Burbidge

British-born American astrophysicist

Margaret E. Knight

American inventor (1838–1914)

Margaret Lindsay Huggins

Marguerite Davis

American chemist

Maria Gaetana Agnesi

Italian mathematician and philanthropist

Maria Goeppert Mayer

German-American theoretical physicist

American astronomer

Polish-French physicist and chemist (1867–1934)

American oceanographer and cartographer

Physicist and 27th Governor of South Australia

American mathematics and science writer (1914–2010)

Martin Heinrich Klaproth

Martin Lewis Perl

American scientist

English radio astronomer

Martinus Beijerinck

Dutch microbiologist (1851–1931)

Martinus J. G. Veltman

Dutch physicist

American cognitive scientist

Mary Cartwright

20th-century British mathematician

Mary Kenneth Keller

First American woman to receive a PhD in computer science

Mary Somerville

Scottish scientist, writer, and polymath

Maryam Mirzakhani

21st-century Iranian mathematician

Masatoshi Koshiba

Japanese physicist

Mateo Orfila y Rotger (Menorca, 1787- Paris, 1853), professor of Legal Medicine in Paris and founder of toxicology

Matthew Fontaine Maury

Canadian physician and chemist

American geophysicist and oceanographer (1906–1974)

French inventor and pioneer in underwater breathing apparatus

Maurice Hilleman

American vaccinologist

British computer scientist

German physicist, mathematician and Nobel laureate

German theoretical physicist

German physicist

Melvin Schwartz

American physicist

4th-century BC Greek mathematician

American physical chemist

Meton of Athens

5th century BC Greek astronomer

British mathematician

Michael DeBakey

American cardiac and vascular surgeon and innovator

Michael E. Brown

American astronomer

Michael E. Mann

American physicist and climatologist

Michael Faraday

English chemist and physicist (1791–1867)

Michael M. C. Lai

Taiwanese virologist (born 1942)

Michael Sendivogius

Polish alchemist, philosopher, and medical doctor

Michael Servetus

Spanish physician and theologian

Swiss astrophysicist & Nobel laureate of Physics

American theoretical physicist, futurist and author

Mikhael Gromov (mathematician)

Russian-French mathematician

Mikhail Kalashnikov

Soviet and Russian small arms designer

Mikhail Lomonosov

Russian polymath, scientist and writer (1711–1765)

Milutin Milanković

Serbian mathematician, astronomer, geophysicist, climatologist, and engineer

Montgolfier brothers

French inventor siblings

Japanese biologist

Murray Gell-Mann

American physicist

American astronomer and principal in the Hubble Space Telescope project

Nasir al-Din al-Tusi

Persian astronomer (1201–1274)

Neil deGrasse Tyson

American astrophysicist, author, and science communicator

English physicist, Nobel prize winner

Population geneticist

Niall Ó Glacáin

Irish physician (c. 1563 – 1653)

Nicéphore Niépce

French inventor and photographer (1765–1833)

Nicolaas Bloembergen

Dutch-born American physicist

Nicolas Desmarest

French geologist

Nicolas Léonard Sadi Carnot

French physicist and engineer (1796–1832)

17th-century Danish scientist and bishop

Nicolaus Copernicus

15th–16th-century mathematician and astronomer

German inventor

Danish physicist

Niels Henrik Abel

Norwegian mathematician

Swiss computer scientist

Serbian American inventor

Nikolaas Tinbergen

Dutch Zoologist, ethologist (1907-1988)

Nikolai Lobachevsky

Russian mathematician

Nikolai Vavilov

Russian botanist and geneticist

Soviet physicist

Nikolay Makarov (firearms designer)

Soviet firearms designer

Nikolay Zhukovsky (scientist)

Russian scientist (1847–1921)

American mathematician and philosopher (1894–1964)

Agronomist and biologist

Norman Ramsey Jr.

American physicist

French-American aviation pioneer

Oliver Heaviside

English electrical engineer, mathematician and physicist (1850–1925)

British physicist and writer

British neurologist and writer

Oliver Winchester

American businessman and politician (1810-1880)

Osborne Reynolds

Anglo-Irish innovator (1842-1912)

American mathematician

Othniel Charles Marsh

American paleontologist (1831-1899)

Otto Heinrich Warburg

German physiologist and Nobel laureate (1883–1970)

Otto Lilienthal

German aviation pioneer

German-American physicist (1888–1969)

Otto von Guericke

17th-century German scientist, inventor, and politician

Ottomar Anschütz

German inventor and photographer

Owen Chamberlain

American physicist

Owen Richardson

British physicist (1879-1959)

Pafnuty Chebyshev

Russian mathematician (1821–1894)

Pappus of Alexandria

Ancient Greek mathematician

Swiss physician, philosopher, theologian, and alchemist (c. 1493 – 1541)

German physicist and politician

Patrick Blackett

English physicist (1897–1974)

American chemist

French engineer

English mathematician and theoretical physicist (1902–1984)

German physician and scientist

Hungarian mathematician (1913–1996)

American chemist (1910–1985)

Paul Moody (inventor)

American inventor (1779-1831)

Paul R. Ehrlich

American biologist

Pavel Alexandrov

Soviet mathematician (1896–1982)

Pavel Cherenkov

Soviet physicist

Pavel Schilling

Russian inventor (1786-1837)

Per Teodor Cleve

Swedish chemist who discovered holmium and thulium (1840-1905)

Percy Lavon Julian

American 20th century research chemist

British aviator

Percy Williams Bridgman

Americann Nobel laureate in physics (1882–1961)

Swedish zoologist (1705-1735)

Dutch-American physical chemist (1884–1966)

Peter Grünberg

German physicist

Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet

German mathematician (1805–1859)

British physicist

Austrian physician (1924-2003)

Philip Henry Gosse

English naturalist

Philip J. Landrigan

American epidemiologist

Philip W. Anderson

American physicist

Hungarian-German physicist and Nobel laureate

Philo Farnsworth

American inventor

French physicist

Pierre de Fermat

French mathematician and lawyer

Pierre Fauchard

French dentist (1679–1761)

Pierre Louis Maupertuis

French mathematician, philosopher and man of letters

French blacksmith

French mathematician

Pierre-Gilles de Gennes

Nobel laureate physicist

Pierre-Simon Laplace

French polymath

Dutch physicist

Ancient Indian mathematician

Pliny the Elder

1st century Roman military commander and writer

German-American physicist (1911-1993)

Astronomer and geographer (c. 100–170)

Soviet physicist

6th century BC Ionian Greek philosopher and mystic

Mathematician of Southern Song dynasty, wrote Shu shu jiu zhang (1247)

American marine biologist and conservationist

Radhanath Sikdar

Indian mathematician (1813–1870)

American physicist

Theologian and physician; (1620-1704)

Raymond Davis Jr.

American scientist (1914-2006)

Reginald Fessenden

Canadian-American electrical engineer and inventor (1866–1932)

Reinhard Genzel

German astrophysicist

René Antoine Ferchault de Réaumur

French scientist

French physician (1781–1826)

Riccardo Giacconi

Italian-American astrophysicist (1931–2018)

Richard Arkwright

Textile entrepreneur; developer of the spinning frame (known as the water frame)

Richard Dawkins

English ethologist, evolutionary biologist, and author

Richard Dedekind

German mathematician (1831–1916)

British physician and epidemiologist

Richard E. Bellman

American mathematician

Richard E. Taylor

Canadian physicist

Richard Feynman

American theoretical physicist (1918–1988)

British mathematician

Richard M. Karp

American mathematician

English biologist and paleontologist (1804–1892)

Richard Stallman

American free software activist, and founder of GNU Project

Robert A. Kehoe

American occupational medicine specialist who advocated the use of tetraethyllead in gasoline

Robert Andrews Millikan

American physicist and Nobel Laureate (1868–1953)

Robert Atkins (physician)

American physician

Israeli-American mathematician

Robert B. Laughlin

American physicist

Anglo-Irish natural philosopher, chemist, physicist, and inventor

Robert Brown (botanist, born 1773)

Scottish botanist (1773–1858)

German chemist (1811-1899)

Robert Burns Woodward

American chemist (1917–1979)

Robert Coleman Richardson

American physicist

Robert Esnault-Pelterie

Pioneering French aircraft designer and spaceflight theorist

Royal Navy officer and scientist (1805–1865)

American engineer and inventor (1765–1815)

Robert H. Goddard

20th-century American physicist and aerospace engineer

Robert Hofstadter

American physicist (1915–1990)

English natural philosopher, architect and polymath

Robert Kahn (computer scientist)

American Internet pioneer, computer scientist

Robert Knox (surgeon)

Scottish physician, anatomist, geologist and ethnologist (1791–1862)

19/20th-century German physician and bacteriologist

Robert Langlands

Canadian mathematician

Endocrinologist, professor

Robert S. Mulliken

American physicist, chemist and botanical collector (1896 - 1986)

American evolutionary biologist and sociobiologist

Robert Whittaker (ecologist)

American ecologist (1920–1980)

Robert Woodrow Wilson

American astronomer

Roderick Murchison

British geologist (1792–1871)

Roger Béteille

French aeronautical engineer

Roger Joseph Boscovich

Croat-Italian physicist

American computer scientist (1926-1992)

Rolf Maximilian Sievert

Swedish medical physicist, professor

British statistician, evolutionary biologist, geneticist, eugenicist and high school teacher

Rosalind Franklin

British X-ray crystallographer (1920–1958)

British automotive engineer

Devisor of the Postal system, inventor and teacher (1795–1879)

American theoretical physicist

Rudolf Clausius

German mathematical physicist

German inventor and mechanical engineer (1858-1913)

Rudolf Leuckart

German zoologist (1822-1898)

Rudolf Mössbauer

German physicist (1929–2011)

American horticulturist (1895-1950)

Russell Alan Hulse

American astronomer

Japanese inventor and industrialist

Samuel C. C. Ting

Nobel prize winning physicist

Samuel Eilenberg

Polish mathematician (1913-1998) –

American astronomer, physicist and inventor (1834–1906)

American inventor and painter (1791–1872)

American astrophysicist

Santiago Ramón y Cajal

Spanish neuroscientist, pathologist, and histologist specializing in neuroanatomy and the central nervous system

Satoshi Nakamoto

Designer and developer of bitcoin

Satyendra Nath Bose

Indian physicist and polymath from Bengal

Saul Perlmutter

American astrophysicist and Nobel laureate

Saunders Mac Lane

American mathematician

Japanese mathematician

French physicist, Nobel laureate

French American mathematician

Soviet rocket engineer and spacecraft designer (1907–1966)

Supercomputer architect and engineer

American computer programmer, entrepreneur, and angel investor

Sheldon Glashow

American theoretical physicist, winner of the Nobel Prize in Physics (1979)

Chinese scientist and statesman

Shin'ichirō Tomonaga

Japanese physicist (1906-1979)

Japanese microbiologist and war criminal, director of Unit 731

Inventor of the blue LED, 2014 Nobel laureate in physics

Shunpei Yamazaki

Japanese inventor

Siméon Denis Poisson

French mathematician and physicist

16th and 17th-century German astronomer

Canadian-American mathematician

Simon van der Meer

Dutch physicist

Sir George Stokes, 1st Baronet

Anglo-Irish mathematician and physicist

French mathematician, physicist, and philosopher

Srinivasa Ramanujan

Indian mathematician (1887–1920)

Stanisław Ulam

Polish-American mathematician

Polish mathematician (1892–1945)

Stephanie Kwolek

American chemist; invented Kevlar

American-Canadian computer scientist, contributor to complexity theory

Stephen Gray (scientist)

English physicist

British scientist (1677-1761)

Stephen Hawking

English theoretical physicist (1942–2018)

Stephen Jay Gould

American biologist and historian of science (1941–2002)

American electrical engineer and programmer (born 1950)

American physicist, former United States Secretary of Energy and nobel laureate

Steven Weinberg

American theoretical physicist

Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar

Indian-American physicist (1910-1995)

Ancient Indian Physician, Father of surgery

Svante Arrhenius

Swedish scientist

Sylvester H. Roper

American inventor and builder of vehicles

T. Berry Brazelton

American pediatrician

Japanese physicist

Takeshi Hirayama

Japanese epidemiologist and physician (1923-1995)

Tanaka Hisashige

Japanese rangaku scholar, engineer and inventor

American doctor of veterinary science, author, and autism activist

Australian-American mathematician

Thang Tong Gyalpo

Theodor Schwann

German physiologist (1810–1882)

Theodor W. Hänsch

German physicist and nobel laureate

Theodore von Kármán

Hungarian-American mathematician, aerospace engineer and physicist

Theodosius Dobzhansky

Russian-American geneticist and evolutionary biologist (1900–1975)

Theon of Alexandria

Ancient Greek scholar

British statistician (c. 1701 – 1761)

Thomas Chrowder Chamberlin

American geologist and educator

American inventor and businessman (1847–1931)

Thomas Harris MacDonald

American civil engineer

Thomas Henry Huxley

English biologist and comparative anatomist

Thomas Hunt Morgan

American biologist (1866–1945)

Thomas Johann Seebeck

Baltic German physicist

Thomas Midgley Jr.

American chemist (1889-1944)

Thomas Newcomen

English inventor, Baptist preacher and ironmonger

American coroner

American physician, researcher, and expert on organ transplants

Thomas Sydenham

English physician (1624–1689)

Scottish civil engineer, architect and stonemason

Thomas Young (scientist)

18th/19th-century English polymath

Tim Berners-Lee

English computer scientist, inventor of the World Wide Web (born 1955)

Biochemist; Nobel laureate

British computer scientist

Toshihide Maskawa

Japanese theoretical physicist (born 1940)

Soviet pseudoscientist

Chinese-American physicist

Tullio Levi-Civita

Italian mathematician (1873–1941)

Danish astronomer and alchemist

Italian explorer and engineer

Urbain Le Verrier

French astronomer and mathematician

Val Logsdon Fitch

American nuclear physicist

Valerian Abakovsky

Russian inventor (1895-1921)

American electrical engineer and science administrator

American astronomer (1928–2016)

American astronomer

Victor A. McKusick

American internist and medical geneticist (1921-2008)

Australian cardiac surgeon

Victor Francis Hess

Austrian physicist and Nobel prize laureate (1883-1964)

Victor Goldschmidt

Mineralogist considered to be the founder of modern geochemistry and crystal chemistry

Vilhelm Bjerknes

Norwegian physicist and meteorologist

American computer scientist

Vitaly Ginzburg

Russian physicist

Vladimir Grigoryevich Fyodorov

Russian and Soviet weapons designer (1874-1966)

Vladimir Komarov

Soviet cosmonaut, aeronautical engineer and test pilot (1927–1967)

Vladimir Shukhov

Russian engineer-polymath, scientist and architect (1853-1939)

Vladimir Vernadsky

Ukrainian and Soviet mineralogist and geochemist, one of the founders of geochemistry, biogeochemistry, and of radiogeology

British evolutionary biologist (1936–2000)

Wallace Carothers

Early 20th-century American chemist and inventor

German astronomer

Walter Houser Brattain

American physicist

Walter Jackson Freeman II

American neurologist (1895-1972)

German nuclear physicist and Nobel Prize shared with Max Born

German physical chemist (1864–1941)

Wang Zhen (inventor)

Officer and inventor

Ward Cunningham

American computer programmer who developed the first wiki

Werner Heisenberg

German theoretical physicist (1901–1976)

Werner von Siemens

German electrical engineer, inventor and industrialist (1816-1892)

Wernher von Braun

German-American aerospace engineer (1912–1977)

Wesley A. Clark

American physicist and computer engineer

Wilhelm Eduard Weber

German physicist

Wilhelm Maybach

German businessman

Wilhelm Ostwald

Baltic German chemist

Wilhelm Röntgen

German physicist (1845–1923)

German physicist (1864-1928)

Canadian physicist

William Alfred Fowler

American nuclear physicist (1911–1995)

William Bateson

British geneticist who recognized the importance of the rediscovery of Mendel's work

William Crookes

British chemist and physicist (1832–1919)

William Daniel Phillips

Physics Nobel laureate

Australian agronomist and plant breeder

William Gilbert (physicist)

English physician and natural philosopher

William H. Welch

American physician and scientist

English physician

William Henry Bragg

British scientist

William Herschel

German-born British astronomer and composer (1738–1822)

William Huggins

English astronomer

William Hyde Wollaston

English chemist and physicist (1766–1828)

William Jones (mathematician)

Welsh mathematician who named 'pi' (1675–1749)

William Kennedy Dickson

British-American inventor (1860–1935)

William Kirby (entomologist)

English entomologist (1759–1850)

William Maclure

18th/19th-century American geologist and cartographer

William Morris Davis

American geographer

William Mulholland

Engineer and builder of the Los Angeles Aqueduct

Canadian physician and co-founder of Johns Hopkins Hospital

William Oughtred

English mathematician (1574–1660)

William Playfair

British polymath

Scottish Chemist

William Rankine

Scottish mechanical engineer

William Rowan Hamilton

Irish mathematician and astronomer

William Shockley

American physicist and inventor

William Smith (geologist)

English geologist (1769–1839)

William Stewart Halsted

American surgeon

William T. G. Morton

American dentist and physician

Williamina Fleming

Scottish astronomer

American inventor (1876–1950)

American physicist (1913–2008)

Willy Messerschmitt

German aircraft designer and manufacturer (1898-1978)

Wolfgang Ketterle

German physicist

German physicist

Austrian theoretical physicist (1900–1958)

Wright brothers

American aviation pioneers, inventors of the airplane

Malayan physician (1879–1960)

Chinese physicist

Chinese mathematician

Yevgeny Dragunov

Soviet inventor

8th-century Buddhist monk and astronomer

Japanese-American nobel-winning physicist

French naval officer and inventor of a free-flow scuba system

Chinese scientist and statesman (78–139)

Chinese astronomer

Soviet-Russian physicist (1930–2019)

Mathematician of Yuan dynasty (during the reign of Temür Khan), inventor of Chinese quaternion, Si yuan shu (四元術) and stacking technique Duo ji shu (垛積術)

Chinese mathematician-astronomer