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Seismology

Smaller earthquake which follows a larger one in the same area

Shaking of the surface of the earth caused by a sudden release of energy in the crust

Earthquake forecasting

A branch of seismology concerned with the probabilistic assessment of earthquake seismic hazard

Earthquake prediction

Branch of geophysics, primarily seismology

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Focal mechanism

Process that generates seismic waves in an earthquake

Earthquake that occurs before a mainshock but is of lower magnitude

Type of seismic wave

Megathrust earthquake

Type of earthquake at convergent plate boundaries

Moment magnitude scale

Measure of earthquake size, in terms of the energy released

Longitudinal seismic wave

Transverse seismic wave

Seismic intensity scales

Seismic refraction

Deviation of seismic waves by rock or soil layers to characterize subsurface geologic structures

Seismic tomography

Technique for imaging the subsurface of the Earth with seismic waves produced by earthquakes or explosions

Seismic, volcanic, or explosive energy that travels through Earth's layers

Scientific study of earthquakes and propagation of elastic waves through a planet