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Geography

Location

Ainharp is located some 50 km west by southwest of Pau, 15 km southeast of Saint-Palais, and 10 km north-west of Mauleon-Licharre. It is part of the former province of Soule.

Access

The commune can be accessed by road D242 from Lohitzun-Oyhercq in the west passing through the village and continuing southeast to Mauleon-Licharre. The D344 road also goes to the north from the village through the commune then east to Espes-Undurein. The commune terrain is undulating of mixed farmland and forest.²

Hydrography

Located in the drainage basin of the Adour, the commune is the source of numerous streams including the Lagardoye which forms part of the south-eastern border, the Quihilleri which forms much of the western border, and the Lafaure which forms much of the northern border.³

Localities and hamlets

• Agueberria
• Agueberriborda
• Aisaguerpia
• Aranco
• Armagnague
• Arranchiaga
• Barrechia
• Bente
• Bidartia
• Bidegainia
• Bolondo
• Bordagaya
• Bordalecu
• Cabanna
• Cacoa
• Carricaburu⁴
• Carricabuya
• Carricart
• Chorho
• Elhorria
• Elhorriberry
• Erreguenia
• Estecachoury
• Etchebarnia
• Etchebestemborda
• Etchecopar
• Garay
• Habiague
• Intsauspia
• Jaigüberria
• Larria
• Leiciagueçahar
• Lohitzun
• Mercapidia
• Oyhemburia
• Oyhenart
• Palasiona
• Pekeix
• Sallaberria
• Urruty
• Uthuriet

⁵

Toponymy

The commune name in Basque is Ainharbe.⁶⁷

Jean-Baptiste Orpustan proposed two etymological interpretations:

• a meaning of "low heather" from ilharr meaning "heather" and -be (from behere meaning "low") or
• "height of the low rocks" from gain meaning "high" and har meaning "rock" that indicates the high position of the village on the left bank of the Saison.

The following table details the origins of the commune name and other names in the commune.

Sources:

• Raymond: Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees, 1863, on the page numbers indicated in the table. (in French)⁸
• Orpustan: Jean-Baptiste Orpustan, New Basque Toponymy⁹

Origins:

• Notaries: Notaries of Labastide-Villefranche¹⁰
• Ohix:Contracts retained by Ohix, Notary of Soule¹¹
• Insinuations: Insinuations of the Diocese of Oloron¹²
• Reformation: Reformation of Béarn¹³

History

Paul Raymond noted on page 4 of his 1863 dictionary that the commune was a former priory in the diocese of Oloron and that there was a hospital for pilgrims.¹⁴

Administration

List of Successive Mayors of Ainharp¹⁵

Inter-communality

Ainharp is a member of seven intercommunal structures:

• the Communauté d'agglomération du Pays Basque
• the association to support Basque culture
• the intercommunal association of the Valley
• the intercommunal association for the construction and operation of the CES of Mauleon
• the AEP association for Soule Country
• the remediation association for Soule Country
• the energy association of the Pyrénées-Atlantiques

Population

The inhabitants of the commune are known as Ainharbars¹⁶ or Ainharbear.¹⁷¹⁸

Economy

The activity is mainly agricultural (maize and livestock). The town is part of the Appellation d'origine contrôlée (AOC) zone of Ossau-iraty.

Culture and heritage

Religious Heritage

The commune has a church which dates back to the 11th century and a Calvary-Bell Tower from the 17th century. Its cemetery features Hilarri dating from the time of the bell tower.

The village is located on a secondary road of the pilgrimage to Saint Jacques de Compostela²⁰ which passes on the highway to Ports de Cize, the priory of Saint-Palais to Saint-Michel-le-Vieux which had a hospice for pilgrims called Benta then to L'Hôpital-Saint-Blaise, Osserain, Pagolle, Roquiague, Haux, Larrau, and Ordiarp.

Facilities

The commune has a primary school.

See also

• Communes of the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department

External links

• Ainharp on Géoportail, National Geographic Institute (IGN) website (in French)
• Ainharp on the 1750 Cassini Map

References

1. AINHARBE, Auñamendi Eusko Entziklopedia (in Spanish) https://aunamendi.eusko-ikaskuntza.eus/en/ainharbe/ar-18750/ ↩

2. Google Maps https://www.google.com/maps/place/Ainharp,+France/@43.2525745,-0.9337792,6636m/data=!3m1!1e3!4m2!3m1!1s0xd56ddc67c0cb319:0x8e5c02bf6a73b40d?hl=en ↩

3. Google Maps https://www.google.com/maps/place/Ainharp,+France/@43.2525745,-0.9337792,6636m/data=!3m1!1e3!4m2!3m1!1s0xd56ddc67c0cb319:0x8e5c02bf6a73b40d?hl=en ↩

4. Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees, Paul Raymond, Imprimerie nationale, 1863, Digitised from Lyon Public Library 15 June 2011 (in French) https://books.google.com/books?id=2TCHmbiipFIC ↩

5. Géoportail, IGN (in French) http://www.geoportail.gouv.fr/accueil?c=-0.9292,43.2614&z=7.92265E-5&l=GEOGRAPHICALGRIDSYSTEMS.MAPS.3D$GEOPORTAIL:OGC:WMTS@aggregate(1)&l=ADMINISTRATIVEUNITS.BOUNDARIES$GEOPORTAIL:OGC:WMTS(1)&permalink=yes ↩

6. AINHARBE, Auñamendi Eusko Entziklopedia (in Spanish) https://aunamendi.eusko-ikaskuntza.eus/en/ainharbe/ar-18750/ ↩

7. Euskaltzaindia - Academy of the Basque language (in Basque) http://www.euskaltzaindia.net/index.php?option=com_eoda&Itemid=191&lang=fr&nonkodea=7.2.02&view=toponimia ↩

8. Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees, Paul Raymond, Imprimerie nationale, 1863, Digitised from Lyon Public Library 15 June 2011 (in French) https://books.google.com/books?id=2TCHmbiipFIC ↩

9. Jean-Baptiste Orpustan, New Basque Toponymy, Presses universitaires de Bordeaux, 2006, p. 224, ISBN 2 86781 396 4 (in French) https://books.google.com/books?id=Ie-LeqGXat8C&q=ainharp ↩

10. Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques (in French) ↩

11. Manuscripts from the 15th century in the Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques (in French) ↩

12. Manuscripts from the 17th century in the Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques (in French) ↩

13. Manuscript from the 16th to 18th centuries - Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques (in French) ↩

14. Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees, Paul Raymond, Imprimerie nationale, 1863, Digitised from Lyon Public Library 15 June 2011 (in French) https://books.google.com/books?id=2TCHmbiipFIC ↩

15. List of Mayors of France http://www.francegenweb.org/mairesgenweb/resultcommune.php?id=22123 ↩

16. Pyrénées-Atlantiques, habitants.fr https://www.habitants.fr/pyrenees-atlantiques-64 ↩

17. Brigitte Jobbé-Duval, Dictionary of place names - Pyrénées-Atlantiques, 2009, Archives and Culture, ISBN 978-2-35077-151-9 (in French) /wiki/Brigitte_Jobb%C3%A9-Duval ↩

18. Euskaltzaindia - Academy of the Basque language (in Basque) http://www.euskaltzaindia.net/index.php?option=com_eoda&Itemid=191&lang=fr&nonkodea=7.2.02&view=toponimia ↩

19. Population en historique depuis 1968, INSEE https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/4515315?geo=COM-64012#ancre-POP_T1 ↩

20. Philippe Veyrin, The Basques, page 110, Arthaud, 20 December 1975 ISBN 978-2-7003-0038-3 (in French) /wiki/ISBN_(identifier) ↩