RNA-binding protein Nova-1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NOVA1 gene.
This gene encodes a neuron-specific RNA-binding protein, a member of the Nova family of paraneoplastic disease antigens, that is recognized and inhibited by paraneoplastic antibodies. These antibodies are found in the sera of patients with paraneoplastic opsoclonus-ataxia, breast cancer, and small cell lung cancer. Alternatively spliced transcripts encoding distinct isoforms have been described. Both Neanderthals and Denisovans had one version and nearly all modern humans had another suggesting positive selection. Insertion of Neanderthal gene variant of the neuro-oncological ventral antigen 1 (NOVA1) gene into human cortical organoids might promote slower development and higher surface complexity in the brain models, but this may be an artefact of a CRISPR side effect, as it could not be replicated in a subsequent study.
science.orgFurther reading
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References
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"Entrez Gene: NOVA1 neuro-oncological ventral antigen 1". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=4857 ↩
"Entrez Gene: NOVA1 neuro-oncological ventral antigen 1". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=4857 ↩
"Neanderthal Gene Variant Alters Neurodevelopment in Human Brain Organoids". 11 February 2021. https://www.genomeweb.com/gene-silencinggene-editing/neanderthal-gene-variant-alters-neurodevelopment-human-brain-organoids ↩
Maricic T, Helmbrecht N, Riesenberg S, Macak D, Kanis P, Lackner M, Pugach-Matveeva AD, Pääbo S (2021-10-15). "Comment on "Reintroduction of the archaic variant of NOVA1 in cortical organoids alters neurodevelopment"". Science. 374 (6565): eabi6060. doi:10.1126/science.abi6060. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 34648345. S2CID 238990790. https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abi6060 ↩
Herai RH, Szeto RA, Trujillo CA, Muotri AR (2021-10-15). "Response to Comment on "Reintroduction of the archaic variant of NOVA1 in cortical organoids alters neurodevelopment"". Science. 374 (6565): eabi9881. doi:10.1126/science.abi9881. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 34648331. S2CID 238990560. https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abi9881 ↩
Riesenberg S, Kanis P, Macak D, Wollny D, Düsterhöft D, Kowalewski J, Helmbrecht N, Maricic T, Pääbo S (2023-07-20). "Efficient high-precision homology-directed repair-dependent genome editing by HDRobust". Nature Methods. 20 (9): 1388–1399. doi:10.1038/s41592-023-01949-1. ISSN 1548-7091. PMC 10482697. PMID 37474806. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10482697 ↩