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oneAPI (compute acceleration)
Open standard for parallel computing

oneAPI is an open standard, adopted by Intel, for a unified application programming interface (API) intended to be used across different computing accelerator (coprocessor) architectures, including GPUs, AI accelerators and field-programmable gate arrays. It is intended to eliminate the need for developers to maintain separate code bases, multiple programming languages, tools, and workflows for each architecture.

oneAPI competes with other GPU computing stacks: CUDA by Nvidia and ROCm by AMD.

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Specification

The oneAPI specification extends existing developer programming models to enable multiple hardware architectures through a data-parallel language, a set of library APIs, and a low-level hardware interface to support cross-architecture programming. It builds upon industry standards and provides an open, cross-platform developer stack.67

Data Parallel C++

DPC++89 is a programming language implementation of oneAPI, built upon the ISO C++ and Khronos Group SYCL standards.10 DPC++ is an implementation of SYCL with extensions that are proposed for inclusion in future revisions of the SYCL standard, including: unified shared memory, group algorithms, and sub-groups.111213

Libraries

The set of APIs14 spans several domains, including libraries for linear algebra, deep learning, machine learning, video processing, and others.

Library NameShort

Name

Description
oneAPI DPC++ LibraryoneDPLAlgorithms and functions to speed DPC++ kernel programming
oneAPI Math Kernel LibraryoneMKLMath routines including matrix algebra, FFT, and vector math
oneAPI Data Analytics LibraryoneDALMachine learning and data analytics functions
oneAPI Deep Neural Network LibraryoneDNNNeural networks functions for deep learning training and inference
oneAPI Collective Communications LibraryoneCCLCommunication patterns for distributed deep learning
oneAPI Threading Building BlocksoneTBBThreading and memory management template library
oneAPI Video Processing LibraryoneVPLReal-time video encode, decode, transcode, and processing

The source code of parts of the above libraries is available on GitHub.15

The oneAPI documentation also lists the "Level Zero" API defining the low-level direct-to-metal interfaces and a set of ray tracing components with its own APIs.16

Hardware abstraction layer

oneAPI Level Zero,171819 the low-level hardware interface, defines a set of capabilities and services that a hardware accelerator needs to interface with compiler runtimes and other developer tools.

Implementations

Intel has released oneAPI production toolkits that implement the specification and add CUDA code migration, analysis, and debug tools.202122 These include the Intel oneAPI DPC++/C++ Compiler,23 Intel Fortran Compiler, Intel VTune Profiler24 and multiple performance libraries.

Codeplay has released an open-source layer252627 to allow oneAPI and SYCL/DPC++ to run atop Nvidia GPUs via CUDA.

University of Heidelberg has developed a SYCL/DPC++ implementation for both AMD and Nvidia GPUs.28

Huawei released a DPC++ compiler for their Ascend AI Chipset29

Fujitsu has created an open-source ARM version of the oneAPI Deep Neural Network Library (oneDNN)30 for their Fugaku CPU.

Unified Acceleration Foundation (UXL) and the future for oneAPI

Unified Acceleration Foundation (UXL) is a new technology consortium that are working on the continuation of the OneAPI initiative, with the goal to create a new open standard accelerator software ecosystem, related open standards and specification projects through Working Groups and Special Interest Groups (SIGs). The goal will compete with Nvidia's CUDA. The main companies behind it are Intel, Google, ARM, Qualcomm, Samsung, Imagination, and VMware.31

Sources

References

  1. Fortenberry & Tomov 2022, p. 22. - Fortenberry, Anna; Tomov, Stanimire (2022). Extending MAGMA Portability with OneAPI (PDF). 2022 Workshop on Accelerator Programming Using Directives (WACCPD). IEEE. pp. 22–31. https://icl.utk.edu/files/publications/2022/icl-utk-1616-2022.pdf ↩

  2. "Intel Expands its Silicon Portfolio, and oneAPI Software Initiative for Next-Generation HPC". HPCwire. 2019-12-09. Retrieved 2020-02-11. https://www.hpcwire.com/2019/12/09/intel-expands-its-silicon-portfolio-and-oneapi-software-initiative-for-next-generation-hpc/ ↩

  3. "Intel Debuts New GPU – Ponte Vecchio – and Outlines Aspirations for oneAPI". HPCwire. 2019-11-18. Retrieved 2020-02-11. https://www.hpcwire.com/2019/11/17/intel-debuts-new-gpu-ponte-vecchio-and-outlines-aspirations-for-oneapi/ ↩

  4. "SC19: Intel Unveils New GPU Stack, oneAPI Development Effort - ExtremeTech". www.extremetech.com. Retrieved 2020-02-11. https://www.extremetech.com/computing/302284-sc19-intel-unveils-new-gpu-stack-oneapi-development-effort ↩

  5. Kennedy, Patrick (2018-12-24). "Intel One API to Rule Them All Is Much Needed to Expand TAM". ServeTheHome. Retrieved 2020-02-11. https://www.servethehome.com/intel-one-api-to-rule-them-all-is-much-needed/ ↩

  6. "oneAPI Specification". oneAPI. https://www.oneapi.io/spec/ ↩

  7. "Preparing for the Arrival of Intel's Discrete High-Performance GPUs". HPCwire. 2021-03-23. Retrieved 2021-03-29. https://www.hpcwire.com/2021/03/23/preparing-for-the-arrival-of-intels-discrete-high-performance-gpus/ ↩

  8. "Data Parallel C++: Mastering DPC++ for Programming of Heterogeneous Systems Using C++ and SYCL". Apress. https://www.apress.com/gp/data-parallel-c-advanced-chapters-just-released/17382670 ↩

  9. Team, Editorial (2019-12-16). "Heterogeneous Computing Programming: oneAPI and Data Parallel C++". insideBIGDATA. Retrieved 2020-02-11. https://insidebigdata.com/2019/12/16/heterogeneous-computing-programming-oneapi-and-data-parallel-c/ ↩

  10. "The Khronos Group". The Khronos Group. 2020-02-11. Retrieved 2020-02-11. https://www.khronos.org/news/permalink/intels-one-api-project-incorporates-sycl ↩

  11. "Khronos Steps Towards Widespread Deployment of SYCL with Release of SYCL 2020 Provisional Specification". The Khronos Group. 2020-06-30. Retrieved 2020-07-06. https://www.khronos.org/news/press/khronos-releases-sycl-2020-provisional-specification ↩

  12. staff (2020-06-30). "New, Open DPC++ Extensions Complement SYCL and C++". insideHPC. Retrieved 2020-07-06. https://insidehpc.com/2020/06/new-open-dpc-extensions-complement-sycl-and-c/ ↩

  13. "SYCL 2020 Launches with New Name, New Features, and High Ambition". HPCwire. 2021-02-09. Retrieved 2021-02-16. https://www.hpcwire.com/2021/02/09/sycl-2020-launches-new-name-new-features/ ↩

  14. "oneAPI Specification". oneAPI. https://www.oneapi.io/spec/ ↩

  15. "oneAPI-SRC". GitHub. https://github.com/oneapi-src ↩

  16. "oneAPI Specification". oneAPI. https://www.oneapi.io/spec/ ↩

  17. Verheyde 2019-12-08T16:11:19Z, Arne (8 December 2019). "Intel Releases Bare-Metal oneAPI Level Zero Specification". Tom's Hardware. Retrieved 2020-02-11.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) https://www.tomshardware.com/news/intel-releases-bare-metal-oneapi-level-zero-specification ↩

  18. "Intel's Compute Runtime Adds oneAPI Level Zero Support - Phoronix". www.phoronix.com. Retrieved 2020-03-10. https://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=news_item&px=Intel-oneAPI-Level-Zero ↩

  19. "Initial Benchmarks With Intel oneAPI Level Zero Performance - Phoronix". www.phoronix.com. Retrieved 2020-04-13. https://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=article&item=intel-level-zero&num=1 ↩

  20. "Intel Champions XPU Vision With oneAPI, Data Center GPUs - SDxCentral". SDxCentral. 2020-11-11. Retrieved 2020-11-11. https://www.sdxcentral.com/articles/news/intel-champions-xpu-vision-with-oneapi-data-center-gpus/2020/11/ ↩

  21. "Intel Debuts oneAPI Gold and Provides More Details on GPU Roadmap". HPCwire. 2020-11-11. Retrieved 2020-11-11. https://www.hpcwire.com/2020/11/11/intel-debuts-oneapi-gold-and-provides-more-details-on-gpu-roadmap/ ↩

  22. Moorhead, Patrick. "Intel Announces Gold Release Of OneAPI Toolkits And New Intel Server GPU". Forbes. Retrieved 2020-12-08. https://www.forbes.com/sites/patrickmoorhead/2020/12/02/intel-announces-gold-release-of-oneapi-toolkits-and-new-intel-server-gpu/ ↩

  23. "Data Parallel C++ for Cross-Architecture Applications". Intel. Retrieved 2021-10-07. https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/develop/tools/oneapi/components/dpc-compiler.html ↩

  24. "Fix Performance Bottlenecks with Intel® VTune™ Profiler". Intel. Retrieved 2021-10-07. https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/develop/tools/oneapi/components/vtune-profiler.html ↩

  25. "Codeplay Open Sources a Version of DPC++ for Nvidia GPUs". HPCwire. 2020-02-05. Retrieved 2020-02-12. https://www.hpcwire.com/2020/02/04/codeplay-open-sources-a-version-of-computecpp-for-nvidia-gpus/ ↩

  26. "Intel's oneAPI / DPC++ / SYCL Will Run Atop NVIDIA GPUs With Open-Source Layer - Phoronix". www.phoronix.com. Retrieved 2019-12-06. https://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=news_item&px=Intel-oneAPI-DPC-SYCL-NVIDIA-CU ↩

  27. "Codeplay - Codeplay contribution to DPC++ brings SYCL support for NVIDIA GPUs". www.codeplay.com. Retrieved 2020-02-11. https://www.codeplay.com/portal/02-03-20-codeplay-contribution-to-dpcpp-brings-sycl-support-for-nvidia-gpus ↩

  28. Salter, Jim (2020-09-30). "Intel, Heidelberg University team up to bring Radeon GPU support to AI". Ars Technica. Retrieved 2021-10-07. https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2020/09/intel-heidelberg-university-team-up-to-bring-radeon-gpu-support-to-ai/ ↩

  29. Extending DPC++ with Support for Huawei Ascend AI Chipset, 27 April 2021, retrieved 2021-10-07 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7foee4_QkbU ↩

  30. fltech (19 November 2020). "A Deep Dive into a Deep Learning Library for the A64FX Fugaku CPU - The Development Story in the Developer's Own Words". fltech - 富士通研究所の技術ブログ (in Japanese). Retrieved 2021-02-10. https://blog.fltech.dev/entry/2020/11/19/fugaku-onednn-deep-dive-en ↩

  31. "Exclusive: Behind the plot to break Nvidia's grip on AI by targeting software". Reuters. Retrieved 2024-04-05. https://www.reuters.com/technology/behind-plot-break-nvidias-grip-ai-by-targeting-software-2024-03-25/ ↩