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Pathogenic bacteria

Disease-causing bacteria

Science Biological and Health Sciences Health, medicine, and disease Morbidity Infectious disease Concepts

Pathogenic bacteria are bacteria that can cause disease. This article focuses on the bacteria that are pathogenic to humans. Most species of bacteria are harmless and many are beneficial but others can cause infectious diseases. The number of these pathogenic species in humans is estimated to be fewer than a hundred. By contrast, several thousand species are part of the gut flora present in the digestive tract.

The body is continually exposed to many species of bacteria, including beneficial commensals, which grow on the skin and mucous membranes, and saprophytes, which grow mainly in the soil and in decaying matter. The blood and tissue fluids contain nutrients sufficient to sustain the growth of many bacteria. The body has defence mechanisms that enable it to resist microbial invasion of its tissues and give it a natural immunity or innate resistance against many microorganisms.

Pathogenic bacteria are specially adapted and endowed with mechanisms for overcoming the normal body defences, and can invade parts of the body, such as the blood, where bacteria are not normally found. Some pathogens invade only the surface epithelium, skin or mucous membrane, but many travel more deeply, spreading through the tissues and disseminating by the lymphatic and blood streams. In some rare cases a pathogenic microbe can infect an entirely healthy person, but infection usually occurs only if the body's defence mechanisms are damaged by some local trauma or an underlying debilitating disease, such as wounding, intoxication, chilling, fatigue, and malnutrition. In many cases, it is important to differentiate infection and colonization, which is when the bacteria are causing little or no harm.

Caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria, one of the diseases with the highest disease burden is tuberculosis, which killed 1.4 million people in 2019, mostly in sub-Saharan Africa. Pathogenic bacteria contribute to other globally important diseases, such as pneumonia, which can be caused by bacteria such as Staphylococcus, Streptococcus and Pseudomonas, and foodborne illnesses, which can be caused by bacteria such as Shigella, Campylobacter, and Salmonella. Pathogenic bacteria also cause infections such as tetanus, typhoid fever, diphtheria, syphilis, and leprosy.

Pathogenic bacteria are also the cause of high infant mortality rates in developing countries. A GBD study estimated the global death rates from (33) bacterial pathogens, finding such infections contributed to one in 8 deaths (or ~7.7 million deaths), which could make it the second largest cause of death globally in 2019.

Most pathogenic bacteria can be grown in cultures and identified by Gram stain and other methods. Bacteria grown in this way are often tested to find which antibiotics will be an effective treatment for the infection. For hitherto unknown pathogens, Koch's postulates are the standard to establish a causative relationship between a microbe and a disease.

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Diseases

Each species has specific effect and causes symptoms in people who are infected. Some people who are infected with a pathogenic bacteria do not have symptoms. Immunocompromised individuals are more susceptible to pathogenic bacteria.⁷

Pathogenic susceptibility

Some pathogenic bacteria cause disease under certain conditions, such as entry through the skin via a cut, through sexual activity or through compromised immune function.

Some species of Streptococcus and Staphylococcus are part of the normal skin microbiota and typically reside on healthy skin or in the nasopharyngeal region. Yet these species can potentially initiate skin infections. Streptococcal infections include sepsis, pneumonia, and meningitis.⁸ These infections can become serious creating a systemic inflammatory response resulting in massive vasodilation, shock, and death.⁹

Other bacteria are opportunistic pathogens and cause disease mainly in people with immunosuppression or cystic fibrosis. Examples of these opportunistic pathogens include Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Burkholderia cenocepacia, and Mycobacterium avium.¹⁰ ¹¹

Intracellular

Obligate intracellular parasites (e.g. Chlamydophila, Ehrlichia, Rickettsia) are only able to grow and replicate inside other cells. Infections due to obligate intracellular bacteria may be asymptomatic, requiring an incubation period. Examples of obligate intracellular bacteria include Rickettsia prowazekii (typhus) and Rickettsia rickettsii, (Rocky Mountain spotted fever).

Chlamydia are intracellular parasites. These pathogens can cause pneumonia or urinary tract infection and may be involved in coronary heart disease.¹²

Other groups of intracellular bacterial pathogens include Salmonella, Neisseria, Brucella, Mycobacterium, Nocardia, Listeria, Francisella, Legionella, and Yersinia pestis. These can exist intracellularly, but can exist outside host cells.

Infections in specific tissue

Bacterial pathogens often cause infection in specific areas of the body. Others are generalists.

Bacterial vaginosis is a condition of the vaginal microbiota in which an excessive growth of Gardnerella vaginalis and other mostly anaerobic bacteria displace the beneficial Lactobacilli species that maintain healthy vaginal microbial populations.¹³
Bacterial meningitis is a bacterial inflammation of the meninges, which are the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord.
Bacterial pneumonia is a bacterial infection of the lungs.
Urinary tract infection is predominantly caused by bacteria. Symptoms include the strong and frequent sensation or urge to urinate, pain during urination, and urine that is cloudy.¹⁴ The most frequent cause is Escherichia coli. Urine is typically sterile but contains a variety of salts and waste products. Bacteria can ascend into the bladder or kidney and causing cystitis and nephritis.¹⁵ ¹⁶
Bacterial gastroenteritis is caused by enteric, pathogenic bacteria. These pathogenic species are usually distinct from the usually harmless bacteria of the normal gut flora. But a different strain of the same species may be pathogenic. The distinction is sometimes difficult as in the case of Escherichia.
Bacterial skin infections include:
- Impetigo is a highly contagious bacterial skin infection commonly seen in children.¹⁷ It is caused by Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus pyogenes.¹⁸
- Erysipelas is an acute streptococcus bacterial infection¹⁹ of the deeper skin layers that spreads via with lymphatic system.
- Cellulitis is a diffuse inflammation ²⁰ of connective tissue with severe inflammation of dermal and subcutaneous layers of the skin. Cellulitis can be caused by normal skin flora or by contagious contact, and usually occurs through open skin, cuts, blisters, cracks in the skin, insect bites, animal bites, burns, surgical wounds, intravenous drug injection, or sites of intravenous catheter insertion. In most cases it is the skin on the face or lower legs that is affected, though cellulitis can occur in other tissues.

Mechanisms of damage

The symptoms of disease appear as pathogenic bacteria damage host tissues or interfere with their function. The bacteria can damage host cells directly or indirectly by provoking an immune response that inadvertently damages host cells,²¹ or by releasing toxins.²²

Direct

Once pathogens attach to host cells, they can cause direct damage as the pathogens use the host cell for nutrients and produce waste products.²³ For example, Streptococcus mutans, a component of dental plaque, metabolizes dietary sugar and produces acid as a waste product. The acid decalcifies the tooth surface to cause dental caries.²⁴

Toxin production

Endotoxins are the lipid portions of lipopolysaccharides that are part of the outer membrane of the cell wall of gram-negative bacteria. Endotoxins are released when the bacteria lyses, which is why after antibiotic treatment, symptoms can worsen at first as the bacteria are killed and they release their endotoxins. Exotoxins are secreted into the surrounding medium or released when the bacteria die and the cell wall breaks apart.²⁵

Indirect

An excessive or inappropriate immune response triggered by an infection may damage host cells.²⁶

Survival in host

Nutrients

Iron is required for humans, as well as the growth of most bacteria. To obtain free iron, some pathogens secrete proteins called siderophores, which take the iron away from iron-transport proteins by binding to the iron even more tightly. Once the iron-siderophore complex is formed, it is taken up by siderophore receptors on the bacterial surface and then that iron is brought into the bacterium.²⁷

Bacterial pathogens also require access to carbon and energy sources for growth. To avoid competition with host cells for glucose which is the main energy source used by human cells, many pathogens including the respiratory pathogen Haemophilus influenzae specialise in using other carbon sources such as lactate that are abundant in the human body ²⁸

Identification

Typically identification is done by growing the organism in a wide range of cultures which can take up to 48 hours. The growth is then visually or genomically identified. The cultured organism is then subjected to various assays to observe reactions to help further identify species and strain.²⁹

Treatment

Main article: Antibiotics

Prevention

Infections can be prevented by antiseptic measures such as sterilizing the skin prior to piercing it with the needle of a syringe and by proper care of indwelling catheters. Surgical and dental instruments are also sterilized to prevent infection by bacteria. Disinfectants such as bleach are used to kill bacteria or other pathogens on surfaces to prevent contamination and further reduce the risk of infection. Bacteria in food are killed by cooking to temperatures above 73 °C (163 °F).

List of genera and microscopy features

Many genera contain pathogenic bacterial species. They often possess characteristics that help to classify and organize them into groups. The following is a partial listing.

Genus	Species	Gram staining	Shape	Oxygen requirement	Intra/Extracellular
Bacillus³³	Bacillus anthracis Bacillus cereus	Positive	Rods	Facultative anaerobic	Extracellular
Bartonella³⁴	Bartonella henselae Bartonella quintana	Negative	Rods	Aerobic	Facultative intracellular
Bordetella³⁵	Bordetella pertussis³⁶ ³⁷	Negative	Small coccobacilli	Aerobic	Extracellular
Borrelia³⁸	Borrelia burgdorferi Borrelia garinii Borrelia afzelii Borrelia recurrentis	Negative, stains poorly	Spirochete	Anaerobic	Extracellular
Brucella³⁹	Brucella abortus Brucella canis Brucella melitensis Brucella suis	Negative	Coccobacilli	Aerobic	Intracellular
Campylobacter⁴⁰	Campylobacter jejuni	Negative	Spiral rods⁴¹ coccoid in older cultures⁴²	Microaerophilic ⁴³	Extracellular
Chlamydia and Chlamydophila⁴⁴	Chlamydia pneumoniae Chlamydia trachomatis Chlamydophila psittaci	(not Gram-stained)	Small, round, ovoid	Facultative or strictly aerobic	Obligate intracellular
Clostridium⁴⁵	Clostridium botulinum Clostridioides difficile Clostridium perfringens Clostridium tetani	Positive	Large, blunt-ended rods	Obligate anaerobic	Extracellular
Corynebacterium⁴⁶	Corynebacterium diphtheriae⁴⁷ ⁴⁸ ⁴⁹	Positive (unevenly)	Rods	Mostly facultative anaerobic	Extracellular
Enterococcus⁵⁰ ⁵¹	Enterococcus faecalis Enterococcus faecium	Positive	Cocci	Facultative Anaerobic	Extracellular
Escherichia⁵² ⁵³ ⁵⁴	Escherichia coli	Negative	Rods	Facultative anaerobic	Extracellular or Intracellular
Francisella⁵⁵	Francisella tularensis	Negative	Coccobacillus	Strictly aerobic	Facultative intracellular
Haemophilus	Haemophilus influenzae⁵⁶ ⁵⁷	Negative	Coccobacilli to long and slender filaments	Facultative anaerobic 5 - 10% CO2	Extracellular
Helicobacter	Helicobacter pylori⁵⁸	Negative	Spiral rod	Microaerophile	Extracellular
Legionella⁵⁹	Legionella pneumophila	Negative, stains poorly	Cocobacilli	Aerobic	Facultative intracellular
Leptospira⁶⁰ ⁶¹	Leptospira interrogans Leptospira santarosai Leptospira weilii Leptospira noguchii	Negative, stains poorly	Spirochete	Strictly aerobic	Extracellular
Listeria⁶²	Listeria monocytogenes	Positive, darkly	Slender, short rods	Facultative Anaerobic	Facultative intracellular
Mycobacterium⁶³	Mycobacterium leprae Mycobacterium tuberculosis Mycobacterium ulcerans	(none)	Long, slender rods	Aerobic	Intracellular
Mycoplasma⁶⁴	Mycoplasma pneumoniae	(none)	Indistinct 'fried egg' appearance, no cell wall	Mostly facultative anaerobic; M. pneumoniae strictly aerobic	Extracellular
Neisseria⁶⁵ ⁶⁶	Neisseria gonorrhoeae Neisseria meningitidis	Negative	Kidney bean-shaped	Aerobic	Gonococcus: facultative intracellularN. meningitidis: extracellular
Pseudomonas⁶⁷ ⁶⁸	Pseudomonas aeruginosa	Negative	Rods	Obligate aerobic	Extracellular
Rickettsia⁶⁹	Rickettsia rickettsii	Negative, stains poorly	Small, rod-like coccobacillary	Aerobic	Obligate intracellular
Salmonella⁷⁰	Salmonella typhi Salmonella typhimurium	Negative	Rods	Facultative anaerobic	Facultative intracellular
Shigella⁷¹ ⁷²	Shigella sonnei	Negative	Rods	Facultative anaerobic	Extracellular
Staphylococcus⁷³	Staphylococcus aureus Staphylococcus epidermidis Staphylococcus saprophyticus	Positive, darkly	Round cocci	Facultative anaerobic	Extracellular, facultative intracellular
Streptococcus⁷⁴	Streptococcus agalactiae Streptococcus pneumoniae Streptococcus pyogenes	Positive	Ovoid to spherical	Facultative anaerobic	Extracellular
Treponema⁷⁵	Treponema pallidum	Negative, stains poorly	Spirochete	Aerobic	Extracellular
Ureaplasma⁷⁶	Ureaplasma urealyticum	Stains poorly⁷⁷	Indistinct, 'fried egg' appearance, no cell wall	Anaerobic	Extracellular
Vibrio⁷⁸ ⁷⁹	Vibrio cholerae	Negative	Spiral with single polar flagellum	Facultative anaerobic	Extracellular
Yersinia⁸⁰ ⁸¹	Yersinia pestis Yersinia enterocolitica Yersinia pseudotuberculosis	Negative, bipolarly	Small rods	Facultative anaerobe	Intracellular

List of species and clinical characteristics

This is description of the more common genera and species presented with their clinical characteristics and treatments.

Species of human pathogenic bacteria

Species		Transmission	Diseases	Treatment	Prevention
Actinomyces israelii		Oral flora ⁸²	Actinomycosis:⁸³ painful abscesses and cysts MRSA in the mouth, lungs,⁸⁴ ⁸⁵ or gastrointestinal tract.⁸⁶	Prolonged penicillin G and drainage ⁸⁷
Bacillus anthracis		Contact with cattle, sheep, goats and horses⁸⁸Spores enter through inhalation or through abrasions⁸⁹	Anthrax: pulmonary, gastrointestinal and/or cutaneous symptoms.⁹⁰	In early infection:⁹¹ Penicillin Doxycycline Ciprofloxacin Raxibacumab ⁹²	Anthrax vaccine ⁹³ Autoclaving of equipment⁹⁴
Bacteroides fragilis		Gut flora ⁹⁵	Abscesses in gastrointestinal tract, pelvic cavity and lungs ⁹⁶	metronidazole ⁹⁷	Wound care ⁹⁸ Aspiration prevention ⁹⁹
Bordetella pertussis		Contact with respiratory droplets expelled by infected human hosts.¹⁰⁰	Whooping cough ¹⁰¹ ¹⁰²Secondary bacterial pneumonia ¹⁰³	Macrolides ¹⁰⁴ such as erythromycin,¹⁰⁵ ¹⁰⁶ before paroxysmal stage¹⁰⁷	Pertussis vaccine,¹⁰⁸ ¹⁰⁹ such as in DPT vaccine ¹¹⁰ ¹¹¹
Borrelia	B. burgdorferi¹¹² ¹¹³ B. garinii¹¹⁴B. afzelii¹¹⁵	Ixodes hard ticks Reservoir in mice, other small mammals, and birds¹¹⁶	Lyme disease ¹¹⁷ ¹¹⁸ Early localized: erythema migrans Early disseminated: neuroborreliosis, Lyme carditis Late: Lyme arthritis, Achrodermatitis chronica (B. afzelii only)	Doxycycline for adults, amoxicillin for children, ceftriaxone for neurological involvement¹¹⁹	Wearing clothing that limits skin exposure to ticks.¹²⁰ Insect repellent.¹²¹Avoid areas where ticks are found.¹²²
Borrelia	B. recurrentis¹²³ and others¹²⁴	Pediculus humanus corporis body louse (B. recurrentis only) and Ornithodoros soft ticks¹²⁵	Relapsing fever	Penicillin, tetracycline, doxycycline¹²⁶	Avoid areas where ticks are found¹²⁷ Better access to washing facilities¹²⁸Reduce crowding¹²⁹Pesticides¹³⁰
Brucella	B. abortus B. canisB. melitensisB. suis	Direct contact with infected animal¹³¹Oral, by ingestion of unpasteurized milk or milk products¹³²	Brucellosis: mainly fever, muscular pain and night sweats	doxycycline ¹³³ streptomycin or gentamicin ¹³⁴
Campylobacter jejuni		Fecal–oral from animals (mammals and fowl)¹³⁵ ¹³⁶Uncooked meat (especially poultry)¹³⁷ ¹³⁸Contaminated water¹³⁹	Enteritis,¹⁴⁰ bloody diarrhea ¹⁴¹ Guillain–Barré syndrome ¹⁴² (muscle weakness)	Treat symptoms¹⁴³ Fluoroquinolone ¹⁴⁴ such as ciprofloxacin ¹⁴⁵ in severe cases¹⁴⁶	Good hygiene¹⁴⁷Avoiding contaminated water¹⁴⁸ Pasteurizing milk and milk products¹⁴⁹Cooking meat (especially poultry)¹⁵⁰
Chlamydia	C. pneumoniae	Respiratory droplets¹⁵¹ ¹⁵²	Atypical pneumonia ¹⁵³	Doxycycline ¹⁵⁴ ¹⁵⁵ Erythromycin ¹⁵⁶ ¹⁵⁷	None¹⁵⁸
Chlamydia	C. trachomatis	vaginal sex ¹⁵⁹ oral sex ¹⁶⁰ anal sex ¹⁶¹Vertical from mother to newborn(ICN)¹⁶²Direct or contaminated surfaces and flies (trachoma)¹⁶³	Trachoma ¹⁶⁴ ¹⁶⁵ Neonatal conjunctivitis ¹⁶⁶ ¹⁶⁷Neonatal pneumonia¹⁶⁸ ¹⁶⁹ Nongonococcal urethritis (NGU)¹⁷⁰ ¹⁷¹ Urethritis ¹⁷² ¹⁷³ Pelvic inflammatory disease ¹⁷⁴ ¹⁷⁵ Epididymitis ¹⁷⁶ ¹⁷⁷ Prostatitis ¹⁷⁸ ¹⁷⁹ Lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV)¹⁸⁰ ¹⁸¹	Erythromycin ¹⁸² ¹⁸³ (adults)¹⁸⁴ Doxycycline ¹⁸⁵ ¹⁸⁶ (infants and pregnant women)¹⁸⁷	Erythromycin or silver nitrate in newborn's eyes¹⁸⁸ Safe sex ¹⁸⁹ Abstinence ¹⁹⁰
Chlamydophila psittaci		Inhalation of dust with secretions or feces from birds (e.g. parrots)	Psittacosis, mainly atypical pneumonia	Tetracycline ¹⁹¹ Doxycycline ¹⁹² Erythromycin ¹⁹³	-
Clostridium	C. botulinum	Spores from soil,¹⁹⁴ ¹⁹⁵ persevere in canned food, smoked fish and honey ¹⁹⁶	Botulism: Mainly muscle weakness and paralysis ¹⁹⁷	Antitoxin ¹⁹⁸ ¹⁹⁹ Penicillin ²⁰⁰ Hyperbaric oxygen ²⁰¹ Mechanical ventilation ²⁰²	Proper food preservation techniques
	C. difficile	Gut flora,²⁰³ ²⁰⁴ overgrowing when other flora is depleted²⁰⁵	Pseudomembranous colitis ²⁰⁶ ²⁰⁷	Discontinuing responsible antibiotic²⁰⁸ ²⁰⁹ Vancomycin or metronidazole if severe²¹⁰ ²¹¹	Fecal bacteriotherapy
	C. perfringens	Spores in soil²¹² ²¹³ Vaginal flora and gut flora ²¹⁴	Anaerobic cellulitis ²¹⁵ ²¹⁶ Gas gangrene ²¹⁷ ²¹⁸Acute food poisoning ²¹⁹ ²²⁰	Gas gangrene: Debridement or amputation ²²¹ ²²² Hyperbaric medicine ²²³ ²²⁴High doses of doxycycline ²²⁵ or penicillin G ²²⁶ ²²⁷ and clindamycin²²⁸Food poisoning:Supportive care is sufficient²²⁹	Appropriate food handling²³⁰
	C. tetani	Spores in soil, skin penetration through wounds²³¹ ²³²	Tetanus: muscle spasms ²³³	Tetanus immune globulin ²³⁴ ²³⁵Sedatives²³⁶Muscle relaxants²³⁷ Mechanical ventilation ²³⁸ ²³⁹ Penicillin or metronidazole ²⁴⁰	Tetanus vaccine (such as in the DPT vaccine)²⁴¹
Corynebacterium diphtheriae		respiratory dropletspart of human flora	Diphtheria: Fever, sore throat and neck swelling, potentially narrowing airways.²⁴²	Horse serum antitoxinErythromycin Penicillin	DPT vaccine
Ehrlichia	E. canis²⁴³ E. chaffeensis²⁴⁴	Dog tick ²⁴⁵	Ehrlichiosis:²⁴⁶ headache, muscle aches, and fatigue	doxycycline ²⁴⁷ rifampin ²⁴⁸
Enterococcus	E. faecalis E. faecium	Part of gut flora,²⁴⁹ opportunistic or entering through GI tract or urinary system wounds²⁵⁰	Bacterial endocarditis,²⁵¹ biliary tract infections,²⁵² urinary tract infections ²⁵³	Ampicillin (combined with aminoglycoside in endocarditis)²⁵⁴ Vancomycin ²⁵⁵	No vaccineHand washing and other nosocomial prevention
Escherichia	E. coli (generally)	Gut flora,²⁵⁶ ²⁵⁷ and in urinary tract ²⁵⁸ Spreading extraintestinally or proliferating in the GI tract²⁵⁹	Diarrhea ²⁶⁰ ²⁶¹ Urinary tract infections (UTI)²⁶² ²⁶³ Meningitis in infants²⁶⁴ ²⁶⁵ Hospital-acquired pneumonia ²⁶⁶ Hospital-acquired sepsis²⁶⁷	UTI:²⁶⁸ (resistance-tests are required first) Co-trimoxazole Fluoroquinolone, e.g. ciprofloxacin Meningitis:²⁶⁹ Cephalosporin (e.g. cefotaxime) and gentamicin combination Diarrhea:²⁷⁰ Antibiotics above shorten duration Electrolyte and fluid replacement	(no vaccine or preventive drug)²⁷¹ Cooking ground beef and pasteurizing milk against O157:H7²⁷² Hand washing and disinfection²⁷³
	Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC)	Fecal–oral ²⁷⁴ through food and water²⁷⁵ Direct physical contact²⁷⁶	Traveller's diarrhea ²⁷⁷ ²⁷⁸
	Enteropathogenic E. coli	Vertical, in utero or at birth²⁷⁹	Diarrhea in infants²⁸⁰
	Enteroinvasive E.coli (EIEC)	Fecal–oral ²⁸¹	bloody diarrhea and fever²⁸²
	Enterohemorrhagic (EHEC), including E. coli O157:H7	Reservoir in cattle²⁸³	bloody diarrhea ²⁸⁴ ²⁸⁵ Hemolytic-uremic syndrome ²⁸⁶ ²⁸⁷
Francisella tularensis		vector-borne by arthropods²⁸⁸ Infected wild or domestic animals, birds or house pets²⁸⁹	Tularemia: Fever, ulceration at entry site and/or lymphadenopathy.²⁹⁰ Can cause severe pneumonia.²⁹¹	Streptomycin ²⁹² Gentamicin ²⁹³	Avoiding insect vectors²⁹⁴ Precautions when handling wild animals or animal products²⁹⁵
Haemophilus influenzae		Droplet contact²⁹⁶ Human flora of e.g. upper respiratory tract²⁹⁷	Bacterial meningitis ²⁹⁸ ²⁹⁹ Upper respiratory tract infections ³⁰⁰ ³⁰¹ Pneumonia,³⁰² ³⁰³ bronchitis ³⁰⁴ Septic arthritis in infants³⁰⁵	Meningitis:³⁰⁶ (resistance-tests are required first) Third generation cephalosporin, e.g. cefotaxime or ceftriaxone ³⁰⁷ Ampicillin and sulbactam combination³⁰⁸	Hib vaccine to infants³⁰⁹ ³¹⁰ Rifampin prophylactically³¹¹
Helicobacter pylori		Colonizing stomach³¹² Unclear person-to-person transmission³¹³	Peptic ulcer ³¹⁴ ³¹⁵ Chronic gastritis ³¹⁶ Risk factor for gastric carcinoma and gastric B-cell lymphoma ³¹⁷	Tetracycline, metronidazole and bismuth salt combination³¹⁸	(No vaccine or preventive drug)³¹⁹
Klebsiella pneumoniae		Mouth, skin, and gut flora.³²⁰ Pneumonia upon aspiration	Klebsiella pneumonia, with significant lung necrosis and hemoptysis ³²¹ Hospital-acquired urinary tract infection and sepsis ³²²	3rd generation cephalosporin ³²³ ciprofloxacin ³²⁴	hand hygiene.³²⁵
Legionella pneumophila		Droplet contact, from e.g. cooling towers,³²⁶ ³²⁷ humidifiers,³²⁸ air conditioners³²⁹ ³³⁰ and water distribution systems³³¹	Legionnaire's Disease ³³² ³³³ Pontiac fever ³³⁴ ³³⁵	Macrolides, such as erythromycin ³³⁶ ³³⁷ Fluoroquinolones ³³⁸ Rifampin ³³⁹	(no vaccine or preventive drug)³⁴⁰ Heating water³⁴¹
Leptospira species		Food and water contaminated by urine from infected wild or domestic animals. Leptospira survives for weeks in fresh water and moist soil.³⁴²	Leptospirosis: Headaches, muscle pains, and fevers; possible jaundice, kidney failure, pulmonary hemorrhage, and meningitis.³⁴³ ³⁴⁴	Doxycycline for mild cases³⁴⁵ Intravenous penicillin for severe cases³⁴⁶	Vaccine not widely used³⁴⁷ Doxycycline ³⁴⁸ Prevention of exposure³⁴⁹ Rodent control ³⁵⁰
Listeria monocytogenes		Raw milk or cheese,³⁵¹ ³⁵² ground meats,³⁵³ poultry³⁵⁴ Vertically to newborn or fetus³⁵⁵ ³⁵⁶	Listeriosis:³⁵⁷ Meningitis ³⁵⁸ Sepsis ³⁵⁹	Ampicillin ³⁶⁰ ³⁶¹ Co-trimoxazole ³⁶² ³⁶³	(no vaccine)³⁶⁴ Proper food preparation and handling³⁶⁵
Mycobacterium	M. leprae	Prolonged human-human contact, e.g. through exudates from skin lesions to abrasion of other person³⁶⁶	Leprosy (Hansen's disease):³⁶⁷ granulomas of the nerves, respiratory tract, skin, and eyes.³⁶⁸	Tuberculoid form: Dapsone and rifampin ³⁶⁹ Lepromatous form: Clofazimine ³⁷⁰	BCG vaccine shows some effects³⁷¹
Mycobacterium	M. tuberculosis	Droplet contact³⁷²	Tuberculosis: chronic cough with blood-containing sputum, fever, night sweats, and weight loss ³⁷³	(difficult, see Tuberculosis treatment for more details)³⁷⁴ Standard "short" course:³⁷⁵ First 2 months, combination: Isoniazid Rifampicin Pyrazinamide Ethambutol Further 4 months, combination: Isoniazid Rifampicin	BCG vaccine Isoniazid
Mycoplasma pneumoniae		Human flora³⁷⁶ ³⁷⁷ Respiratory droplets ³⁷⁸ ³⁷⁹	Mycoplasma pneumonia ³⁸⁰	Doxycycline and erythromycin ³⁸¹ ³⁸²
Neisseria	N. gonorrhoeae	Sexually transmitted ³⁸³ ³⁸⁴ vertical in birth³⁸⁵	Gonorrhea ³⁸⁶ ³⁸⁷ Urethritis (men)³⁸⁸ Pelvic inflammatory disease (women)³⁸⁹ Ophthalmia neonatorum ³⁹⁰ ³⁹¹ Septic arthritis ³⁹² ³⁹³	Uncomplicated gonorrhea:³⁹⁴ Ceftriaxone ³⁹⁵ Tetracycline, e.g. doxycycline if also chlamydia is suspected³⁹⁶ Spectinomycin for resistance³⁹⁷ ³⁹⁸ or patient allergy to cephalosporin³⁹⁹ Ophthalmia neonatorum: Erythromycin ⁴⁰⁰ ⁴⁰¹ + ceftriaxone ⁴⁰²	(No vaccine)⁴⁰³ Safe sex ⁴⁰⁴ Erythromycin into eyes of newborn at risk⁴⁰⁵ ⁴⁰⁶
Neisseria	N. meningitidis	Droplet transmission ⁴⁰⁷	Meningococcal disease including meningitis⁴⁰⁸ ⁴⁰⁹ Sepsis, including Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome ⁴¹⁰ ⁴¹¹	Penicillin G ⁴¹² ⁴¹³ Ceftriaxone ⁴¹⁴ ⁴¹⁵	NmVac4-A/C/Y/W-135 vaccine⁴¹⁶ ⁴¹⁷ Rifampin ⁴¹⁸ ⁴¹⁹
Pseudomonas aeruginosa		Opportunistic;⁴²⁰ Infects damaged tissues or people with immunodeficiency.⁴²¹	Pseudomonas infection:⁴²² Pneumonia⁴²³ ⁴²⁴ Urinary tract infection ⁴²⁵ ⁴²⁶ Corneal infection ⁴²⁷ ⁴²⁸ Endocarditis ⁴²⁹ ⁴³⁰ Osteomyelitis⁴³¹ ⁴³² Burn wound infection⁴³³ Sepsis ⁴³⁴ ⁴³⁵ Malignant external otitis ⁴³⁶	Anti-pseudomonal penicillins ⁴³⁷ such as ticarcillin ⁴³⁸ Aminoglycoside ⁴³⁹	(no vaccine)⁴⁴⁰ Topical silver sulfadiazine for burn wounds⁴⁴¹
Nocardia asteroides		In soil⁴⁴²	Nocardiosis:⁴⁴³ Pneumonia, endocarditis, keratitis, neurological or lymphocutaneous infection	TMP/SMX ⁴⁴⁴
Rickettsia rickettsii		Wood or dog tick ⁴⁴⁵ ⁴⁴⁶	Rocky mountain spotted fever ⁴⁴⁷ ⁴⁴⁸	Doxycycline ⁴⁴⁹ ⁴⁵⁰ Chloramphenicol ⁴⁵¹ ⁴⁵²	(no preventive drug or approved vaccine)⁴⁵³ Vector control, such as clothing⁴⁵⁴ Prompt removal of attached ticks⁴⁵⁵
Salmonella	S typhi	Fecal–oral route, through food or water⁴⁵⁶ ⁴⁵⁷	Typhoid fever type salmonellosis ⁴⁵⁸ (fever, abdominal pain, hepatosplenomegaly, rose spots)⁴⁵⁹ Chronic carrier state⁴⁶⁰	Ceftriaxone ⁴⁶¹ ⁴⁶² Fluoroquinolones, e.g. ciprofloxacin ⁴⁶³ ⁴⁶⁴	Ty21a and ViCPS vaccines⁴⁶⁵ Hygiene and food preparation⁴⁶⁶
Salmonella	Other Salmonella species e.g. S. typhimurium⁴⁶⁷	Fecal–oral⁴⁶⁸ Food contaminated by fowl⁴⁶⁹ (e.g. uncooked eggs)⁴⁷⁰ or turtles⁴⁷¹	Salmonellosis ⁴⁷² with gastroenteritis ⁴⁷³ ⁴⁷⁴ Paratyphoid fever ⁴⁷⁵ Osteomyelitis in people with sickle cells ⁴⁷⁶ Sepsis ⁴⁷⁷	Fluid and electrolyte replacement for diarrhea⁴⁷⁸ ⁴⁷⁹ Antibiotics (in neonates ⁴⁸⁰ and immuno-compromised ⁴⁸¹ ⁴⁸²): Ciprofloxacin ⁴⁸³ Ceftriaxone ⁴⁸⁴ TMP/SMX ⁴⁸⁵ Azithromycin ⁴⁸⁶	(No vaccine or preventive drug)⁴⁸⁷ Proper sewage disposal⁴⁸⁸ Food preparation⁴⁸⁹ Good personal hygiene⁴⁹⁰
Shigella	S. sonnei⁴⁹¹ S. dysenteriae⁴⁹²	Fecal–oral ⁴⁹³ ⁴⁹⁴	Shigellosis (bacillary dysentery)	Fluid and electrolyte replacement⁴⁹⁵ Fluoroquinolone ⁴⁹⁶ such as ciprofloxacin ⁴⁹⁷ if severe⁴⁹⁸	Protection of water and food supplies⁴⁹⁹ Vaccines are in trial stage⁵⁰⁰
Staphylococcus	aureus	Human flora on mucosae in e.g. anterior nares, skin and vagina,⁵⁰¹ ⁵⁰² entering through wound	Coagulase-positive staphylococcal infections: Skin infections, including impetigo ⁵⁰³ ⁵⁰⁴ Acute infective endocarditis ⁵⁰⁵ ⁵⁰⁶ Septis ⁵⁰⁷ Necrotizing pneumonia ⁵⁰⁸ Meningitis ⁵⁰⁹ Osteomyelitis ⁵¹⁰ Toxinoses Scalded skin syndrome ⁵¹¹ ⁵¹² Toxic shock syndrome ⁵¹³ ⁵¹⁴ Staphylococcal food poisoning ⁵¹⁵ ⁵¹⁶	Incision and drainage of localized lesions⁵¹⁷ Nafcillin,⁵¹⁸ ⁵¹⁹ oxacillin,⁵²⁰ methicillin ⁵²¹ Vancomycin for Methicillin-resistant (MRSA)⁵²²	(no vaccine or preventive drug) Barrier precautions, washing hands and fomite disinfection in hospitals
	epidermidis	Human flora in skin,⁵²³ ⁵²⁴ anterior nares⁵²⁵ and mucous membranes ⁵²⁶	Infections of implanted prostheses (e.g. heart valves⁵²⁷ and joints⁵²⁸) and catheters⁵²⁹ ⁵³⁰	Vancomycin ⁵³¹ ⁵³²	None⁵³³
	saprophyticus	Part of normal vaginal flora⁵³⁴	Cystitis in women⁵³⁵ ⁵³⁶	TMP/SMX or norfloxacin ⁵³⁷	None⁵³⁸
Streptococcus	agalactiae	Human flora in vagina,⁵³⁹ ⁵⁴⁰ urethral mucous membranes,⁵⁴¹ rectum ⁵⁴² Vertically during childbirth ⁵⁴³ Sexually ⁵⁴⁴	Neonatal meningitis ⁵⁴⁵ ⁵⁴⁶ Neonatal sepsis ⁵⁴⁷ ⁵⁴⁸ Neonatal pneumonia ⁵⁴⁹ Endometritis in postpartum women⁵⁵⁰ Opportunistic infections with sepsis and pneumonia ⁵⁵¹	Penicillin G ⁵⁵² ⁵⁵³ Aminoglycoside in case of lethal infection⁵⁵⁴	None⁵⁵⁵
	pneumoniae	Respiratory droplets Human flora in nasopharynx⁵⁵⁶ (spreading in immunocompromised)⁵⁵⁷	Acute bacterial pneumonia & meningitis in adults⁵⁵⁸ ⁵⁵⁹ Otitis media and sinusitis in children⁵⁶⁰ ⁵⁶¹ Sepsis ⁵⁶²	Penicillin G ⁵⁶³ ⁵⁶⁴	23-serotype vaccine for adults (PPV)⁵⁶⁵ ⁵⁶⁶ Heptavalent conjugated vaccine for children (PCV)⁵⁶⁷
	pyogenes	Respiratory droplets⁵⁶⁸ Direct physical contact with impetigo lesions⁵⁶⁹	Streptococcal pharyngitis ⁵⁷⁰ ⁵⁷¹ Sepsis ⁵⁷² Scarlet fever ⁵⁷³ ⁵⁷⁴ Rheumatic fever ⁵⁷⁵ ⁵⁷⁶ Impetigo and erysipelas ⁵⁷⁷ ⁵⁷⁸ Puerperal fever ⁵⁷⁹ Necrotizing fasciitis ⁵⁸⁰ Poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis ⁵⁸¹	Penicillin G ⁵⁸² ⁵⁸³ or V ⁵⁸⁴ Macrolide, e.g. clarithromycin ⁵⁸⁵ or erythromycin ⁵⁸⁶ in penicillin allergy Drainage and debridement for necrotizing fasciitis⁵⁸⁷	No vaccine⁵⁸⁸ Rapid antibiotic treatment helps prevent rheumatic fever⁵⁸⁹
	viridans	Oral flora,⁵⁹⁰ penetration through abrasions	Subacute bacterial endocarditis ⁵⁹¹ Dental cavities ⁵⁹² Abscesses of brain and liver⁵⁹³	Penicillin G ⁵⁹⁴
Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum		Sexual ⁵⁹⁵ ⁵⁹⁶ Vertical (from mother to fetus)⁵⁹⁷	Syphilis:⁵⁹⁸ ⁵⁹⁹ First a chancre, (a painless skin ulceration), then diffuse rash.⁶⁰⁰ Later: gummas (soft growths), neurological, or heart symptoms.⁶⁰¹ Congenital syphilis ⁶⁰² ⁶⁰³	Penicillin G ⁶⁰⁴ ⁶⁰⁵ Doxycycline if penicillin allergy⁶⁰⁶ ⁶⁰⁷	Penicillin offered to recent sexual partners⁶⁰⁸ Antibiotics to pregnant women if risk of transmitting to child⁶⁰⁹ No vaccine available⁶¹⁰ Safe sex ⁶¹¹
Vibrio cholerae		Fecal–oral route ⁶¹² Contaminated water and raw seafood⁶¹³	Cholera: Severe "rice water" diarrhea⁶¹⁴	Fluid⁶¹⁵ and electrolyte replacement⁶¹⁶ Doxycycline ⁶¹⁷ ⁶¹⁸	Proper sanitation ⁶¹⁹ Adequate food preparation⁶²⁰
Yersinia pestis		Fleas from animals⁶²¹ ⁶²² Ingestion of animal tissues⁶²³ Respiratory droplets⁶²⁴	Plague: Bubonic plague Pneumonic plague	Streptomycin primarily⁶²⁵ ⁶²⁶ ⁶²⁷ Tetracyclin ⁶²⁸ ⁶²⁹ Supportive therapy for shock ⁶³⁰	Plague vaccine ⁶³¹ Minimize exposure to rodents and fleas⁶³²

Genetic transformation

Of the 59 species listed in the table with their clinical characteristics, 11 species (or 19%) are known to be capable of natural genetic transformation.⁶³³ Natural transformation is a bacterial adaptation for transferring DNA from one cell to another. This process includes the uptake of exogenous DNA from a donor cell by a recipient cell and its incorporation into the recipient cell's genome by recombination. Transformation appears to be an adaptation for repairing damage in the recipient cell's DNA. Among pathogenic bacteria, transformation capability likely serves as an adaptation that facilitates survival and infectivity.⁶³⁴ The pathogenic bacteria able to carry out natural genetic transformation (of those listed in the table) are Campylobacter jejuni, Enterococcus faecalis, Haemophilus influenzae, Helicobacter pylori, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Legionella pneumophila, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Neisseria meningitidis, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Vibrio cholerae.

Notes

External links

Bacterial Pathogen Pronunciation by Neal R. Chamberlain, Ph.D. at A.T. Still University
Pathogenic bacteria genomes and related information at PATRIC, a Bioinformatics Resource Center funded by NIAID

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Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
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Unless else specified in boxes then ref is: Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Unless else specified in boxes then ref is: Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Unless else specified in boxes then ref is: Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Thayer Martin Agar (Modified) Procedure" (PDF). University of Nebraska-Medical Center, Clinical Laboratory Science Program. Retrieved 2015-05-03. http://webmedia.unmc.edu/alliedhealth/CLS/CLS418%2008/Thayer%20Martin%20Agar%20Procedure%2008.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Allen, Mary E. (2005). "MacConkey Agar Plates Protocols". American Society for Microbiology. Archived from the original on 2015-05-07. Created: 30 September 2005. Last update: 01 April 2013 https://web.archive.org/web/20150507033028/http://www.microbelibrary.org/component/resource/laboratory-test/2855-macconkey-agar-plates-protocols ↩
Unless else specified in boxes then ref is: Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Unless else specified in boxes then ref is: Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Hektoen Enteric Agar". Austin Community College District. Retrieved 2015-05-03. http://www.austincc.edu/microbugz/hektoen_enteric_agar.php ↩
Santosham, Mathuram; Chan, Grace J.; Lee, Anne CC; Baqui, Abdullah H.; Tan, Jingwen; Black, Robert E. (2013). "Risk of Early-Onset Neonatal Infection with Maternal Infection or Colonization: A Global Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis". PLOS Medicine. 10 (8): e1001502. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1001502. ISSN 1549-1676. PMC 3747995. PMID 23976885. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3747995 ↩
Unless else specified in boxes then ref is: Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Unless else specified in boxes then ref is: Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Santosham, Mathuram; Chan, Grace J.; Lee, Anne CC; Baqui, Abdullah H.; Tan, Jingwen; Black, Robert E. (2013). "Risk of Early-Onset Neonatal Infection with Maternal Infection or Colonization: A Global Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis". PLOS Medicine. 10 (8): e1001502. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1001502. ISSN 1549-1676. PMC 3747995. PMID 23976885. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3747995 ↩
Cassell GH, Waites KB, Crouse DT, Rudd PT, Canupp KC, Stagno S, Cutter GR (1988). "Association of Ureaplasma urealyticum infection of the lower respiratory tract with chronic lung disease and death in very-low-birth-weight infants". Lancet. 2 (8605): 240–5. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(88)92536-6. PMID 2899235. S2CID 6685738. /wiki/Doi_(identifier) ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Pfeffer, C.; Oliver, J.D. (2003). "A comparison of thiosulphate-citrate-bile salts-sucrose (TCBS) agar and thiosulphate-chloride-iodide (TCI) agar for the isolation of Vibrio species from estuarine environments". Letters in Applied Microbiology. 36 (3): 150–151. doi:10.1046/j.1472-765X.2003.01280.x. PMID 12581373. S2CID 34004290. https://doi.org/10.1046%2Fj.1472-765X.2003.01280.x ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Yersinia pestis" (PDF). Wadsworth Center. 2006. http://www.health.ny.gov/guidance/oph/wadsworth/yersinia_pestis.pdf ↩
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"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
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"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
"Anthrax in animals". Food and Agriculture Organization. 2001. http://www.fao.org/ag/magazine/0112sp.htm ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
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Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
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Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Shapiro ED (2014). "Clinical practice. Lyme disease". The New England Journal of Medicine. 370 (18): 1724–31. doi:10.1056/NEJMcp1314325. PMC 4487875. PMID 24785207. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4487875 ↩
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Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Barbour, Alan G. (2017). "Relapsing Fever". In Kasper, Dennis L.; Fauci, Anthony S. (eds.). Harrison's Infectious Diseases (3rd ed.). New York: McGraw Hill Education. pp. 678–687. ISBN 978-1-259-83597-1. 978-1-259-83597-1 ↩
Relapsing fever can also be caused by the following Borrelia species: B. crocidurae, B. duttonii, B. hermsii, B. hispanica, B. miyamotoi, B. persica, B. turicatae and B. venezuelensis. - Barbour, Alan G. (2017). "Relapsing Fever". In Kasper, Dennis L.; Fauci, Anthony S. (eds.). Harrison's Infectious Diseases (3rd ed.). New York: McGraw Hill Education. pp. 678–687. ISBN 978-1-259-83597-1. 978-1-259-83597-1 ↩
Barbour, Alan G. (2017). "Relapsing Fever". In Kasper, Dennis L.; Fauci, Anthony S. (eds.). Harrison's Infectious Diseases (3rd ed.). New York: McGraw Hill Education. pp. 678–687. ISBN 978-1-259-83597-1. 978-1-259-83597-1 ↩
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Barbour, Alan G. (2017). "Relapsing Fever". In Kasper, Dennis L.; Fauci, Anthony S. (eds.). Harrison's Infectious Diseases (3rd ed.). New York: McGraw Hill Education. pp. 678–687. ISBN 978-1-259-83597-1. 978-1-259-83597-1 ↩
Barbour, Alan G. (2017). "Relapsing Fever". In Kasper, Dennis L.; Fauci, Anthony S. (eds.). Harrison's Infectious Diseases (3rd ed.). New York: McGraw Hill Education. pp. 678–687. ISBN 978-1-259-83597-1. 978-1-259-83597-1 ↩
Barbour, Alan G. (2017). "Relapsing Fever". In Kasper, Dennis L.; Fauci, Anthony S. (eds.). Harrison's Infectious Diseases (3rd ed.). New York: McGraw Hill Education. pp. 678–687. ISBN 978-1-259-83597-1. 978-1-259-83597-1 ↩
Barbour, Alan G. (2017). "Relapsing Fever". In Kasper, Dennis L.; Fauci, Anthony S. (eds.). Harrison's Infectious Diseases (3rd ed.). New York: McGraw Hill Education. pp. 678–687. ISBN 978-1-259-83597-1. 978-1-259-83597-1 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
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Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Diphtheria vaccine" (PDF). Wkly Epidemiol Rec. 81 (3): 24–32. 20 January 2006. PMID 16671240.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) https://bojadla.edu.pl/b/wer8103.pdf ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
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"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
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Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
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"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
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Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
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Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Leprosy Fact sheet N°101". World Health Organization. January 2014. Archived from the original on 2013-12-12. https://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs101/en/ ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Tuberculosis Fact sheet N°104". WHO. October 2015. Archived from the original on 23 August 2012. Retrieved 11 February 2016. https://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs104/en/ ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Institut Pasteur Press Office - Vaccine against shigellosis (bacillary dysentery):a promising clinical trial Archived 2009-02-25 at the Wayback Machine 15 January 2009. Retrieved on 27 February 2009 http://www.pasteur.fr/ip/easysite/go/03b-00002u-06f/press/press-releases/2009/vaccine-against-shigellosis-bacillary-dysentery-a-promising-clinical-trial ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Levinson, W. (2010). Review of Medical Microbiology and Immunology (11th ed.). pp. 94–9. ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
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"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
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"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
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Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
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Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
"Bacteria Table" (PDF). Creighton University School of Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20150501071840/http://medschool.creighton.edu/fileadmin/user/medicine/MMI/Files/Bacteria_Table.pdf ↩
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Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
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Fisher, Bruce; Harvey, Richard P.; Champe, Pamela C. (2007). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology (Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews Series). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 332–353. ISBN 978-0-7817-8215-9. 978-0-7817-8215-9 ↩
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Bernstein H, Bernstein C, Michod RE (2018). Sex in microbial pathogens. Infection, Genetics and Evolution volume 57, pages 8-25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meegid.2017.10.024 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meegid.2017.10.024 ↩

Diseases

Pathogenic susceptibility

Intracellular

Infections in specific tissue

Mechanisms of damage

Direct

Toxin production

Indirect

Survival in host

Nutrients

Identification

Treatment

Prevention

List of genera and microscopy features

List of species and clinical characteristics

Genetic transformation

See also

Notes

External links

References