• Images
• Videos
• Documents
• Books
• Articles

Discovery and naming

Puck—the largest inner moon of Uranus—was discovered from the images taken by Voyager 2 on 30 December 1985. It was given the temporary designation S/1985 U 1.⁴

The moon was later named after the character Puck who appears in Shakespeare's A Midsummer Night's Dream, a little sprite who travels around the globe at night with the fairies. In Celtic mythology and English folklore, a Puck is a mischievous sprite, imagined as an evil demon by Christians.

It is also designated Uranus XV.⁵

Physical characteristics

Puck is the largest inner moon of Uranus, orbiting inside the orbit of Miranda. It is intermediate in size between Portia (the second-largest inner moon) and Miranda (the smallest of the five major moons). Puck's orbit is located between the rings of Uranus and Miranda. Little is known about Puck aside from its orbit,⁶ radius of about 81 km,⁷ and geometric albedo in visible light of approximately 0.11.⁸

Of the moons discovered by the Voyager 2 imaging team, only Puck was discovered early enough that the probe could be programmed to image it in some detail.⁹ Images showed that Puck has a shape of a slightly prolate spheroid (ratio between axes is 0.93–1).¹⁰ Its surface is heavily cratered¹¹ and is grey in color.¹² There are three named craters on the surface of Puck, the largest being about 45 km in diameter.¹³ Observations with the Hubble Space Telescope and large terrestrial telescopes found water-ice absorption features in the spectrum of Puck.¹⁴¹⁵

Little is known about the internal structure of Puck. It is probably made of a mixture of water ice, and may have been collisionally disrupted and reaccreted as a rubble pile.¹⁶ The presence of a 3.0 deep 3.0 micron feature attributed to the O-H stretching mode suggests that water ice or hydrated minerals are a common component on Puck's surface.¹⁷ Its surface is coated with a dark material similar to that found in the main rings.¹⁸ The dark material is probably made of rocks or radiation-processed organics; it is possible that material spiralling inwards from Uranus's μ ring coats Puck's leading hemisphere as well.¹⁹ Puck, as well as the other inner satellites of Uranus, is darker than the average inner Neptunian satellite, which could be either due to a higher level of solar irradiation at Uranus as opposed to Neptune, or a distinct composition.²⁰ The absence of craters with bright rays implies that Puck is not differentiated, meaning that ice and non-ice components have not separated from each other into a core and mantle.²¹

Named features

Puck has three craters named Bogle, Butz, and Lob, which are named after mischievous spirits from Scottish, German, and British folklore respectively. Details about these craters are currently unknown.

See also

• Moons of Uranus
• Rings of Uranus

Notes

Citations

Sources

• Jacobson, R. A. (1998). "The Orbits of the Inner Uranian Satellites From Hubble Space Telescope and Voyager 2 Observations". The Astronomical Journal. 115 (3): 1195–1199. Bibcode:1998AJ....115.1195J. doi:10.1086/300263.
• Karkoschka, Erich (2001). "Voyager's Eleventh Discovery of a Satellite of Uranus and Photometry and the First Size Measurements of Nine Satellites". Icarus. 151 (1): 69–77. Bibcode:2001Icar..151...69K. doi:10.1006/icar.2001.6597.
• Karkoschka, Erich (2001). "Comprehensive Photometry of the Rings and 16 Satellites of Uranus with the Hubble Space Telescope". Icarus. 151 (1): 51–68. Bibcode:2001Icar..151...51K. doi:10.1006/icar.2001.6596.
• Thomas, P.; Veverka, J.; Johnson, T.V.; Brown, Robert Hamilton (1987). "Voyager observations of 1985U1". Icarus. 72 (1): 79–83. Bibcode:1987Icar...72...79T. doi:10.1016/0019-1035(87)90121-7.
• Smith, B. A.; Soderblom, L. A.; Beebe, A.; Bliss, D.; Boyce, J. M.; Brahic, A.; Briggs, G. A.; Brown, R. H.; Collins, S. A. (4 July 1986). "Voyager 2 in the Uranian System: Imaging Science Results". Science. 233 (4759): 43–64. Bibcode:1986Sci...233...43S. doi:10.1126/science.233.4759.43. PMID 17812889. S2CID 5895824.
• Dumas, Christophe; Smith, Bradford A.; Terrile, Richard J. (2003). "Hubble Space Telescope NICMOS Multiband Photometry of Proteus and Puck". The Astronomical Journal. 126 (2): 1080–1085. Bibcode:2003AJ....126.1080D. doi:10.1086/375909.
• Marsden, Brian G. (January 16, 1986). "Satellites of Uranus and Neptune". IAU Circular (4159). Retrieved 2012-01-24.
• USGS/IAU (July 21, 2006). "Planet and Satellite Names and Discoverers". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. USGS Astrogeology. Retrieved 2012-01-24.
• French, Richard G.; Hedman, Matthew M.; Nicholson, Philip D.; Longaretti, Pierre-Yves; McGhee-French, Colleen A. (2024-03-15). "The Uranus system from occultation observations (1977–2006): Rings, pole direction, gravity field, and masses of Cressida, Cordelia, and Ophelia". Icarus. 411: 115957. arXiv:2401.04634. Bibcode:2024Icar..41115957F. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2024.115957. ISSN 0019-1035.

• Cartwright, Richard J.; Beddingfield, Chloe B.; Nordheim, Tom A.; et al. (June 2021). "The Science Case for Spacecraft Exploration of the Uranian Satellites: Candidate Ocean Worlds in an Ice Giant System". The Planetary Society Journal. 2 (3): 120. arXiv:2105.01164. Bibcode:2021PSJ.....2..120C. doi:10.3847/PSJ/abfe12.

External links

• Page that includes a reprocessed version of the Voyager 2 Puck image

References

1. Smith Soderblom et al. 1986. - Smith, B. A.; Soderblom, L. A.; Beebe, A.; Bliss, D.; Boyce, J. M.; Brahic, A.; Briggs, G. A.; Brown, R. H.; Collins, S. A. (4 July 1986). "Voyager 2 in the Uranian System: Imaging Science Results". Science. 233 (4759): 43–64. Bibcode:1986Sci...233...43S. doi:10.1126/science.233.4759.43. PMID 17812889. S2CID 5895824. https://zenodo.org/record/1230972 ↩

2. Karkoschka, Voyager 2001. - Karkoschka, Erich (2001). "Voyager's Eleventh Discovery of a Satellite of Uranus and Photometry and the First Size Measurements of Nine Satellites". Icarus. 151 (1): 69–77. Bibcode:2001Icar..151...69K. doi:10.1006/icar.2001.6597. https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2001Icar..151...69K ↩

3. Dumas Smith et al. 2003. - Dumas, Christophe; Smith, Bradford A.; Terrile, Richard J. (2003). "Hubble Space Telescope NICMOS Multiband Photometry of Proteus and Puck". The Astronomical Journal. 126 (2): 1080–1085. Bibcode:2003AJ....126.1080D. doi:10.1086/375909. https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2003AJ....126.1080D ↩

4. IAUC 4159. - Marsden, Brian G. (January 16, 1986). "Satellites of Uranus and Neptune". IAU Circular (4159). Retrieved 2012-01-24. http://www.cbat.eps.harvard.edu/iauc/04100/04159.html#Item1 ↩

5. USGS: Planet and Satellite Names and Discoverers. - USGS/IAU (July 21, 2006). "Planet and Satellite Names and Discoverers". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. USGS Astrogeology. Retrieved 2012-01-24. https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Page/Planets#UranianSystem ↩

6. Jacobson 1998. - Jacobson, R. A. (1998). "The Orbits of the Inner Uranian Satellites From Hubble Space Telescope and Voyager 2 Observations". The Astronomical Journal. 115 (3): 1195–1199. Bibcode:1998AJ....115.1195J. doi:10.1086/300263. https://doi.org/10.1086%2F300263 ↩

7. Karkoschka, Voyager 2001. - Karkoschka, Erich (2001). "Voyager's Eleventh Discovery of a Satellite of Uranus and Photometry and the First Size Measurements of Nine Satellites". Icarus. 151 (1): 69–77. Bibcode:2001Icar..151...69K. doi:10.1006/icar.2001.6597. https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2001Icar..151...69K ↩

8. Karkoschka, Hubble 2001. - Karkoschka, Erich (2001). "Comprehensive Photometry of the Rings and 16 Satellites of Uranus with the Hubble Space Telescope". Icarus. 151 (1): 51–68. Bibcode:2001Icar..151...51K. doi:10.1006/icar.2001.6596. https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2001Icar..151...51K ↩

9. Smith Soderblom et al. 1986. - Smith, B. A.; Soderblom, L. A.; Beebe, A.; Bliss, D.; Boyce, J. M.; Brahic, A.; Briggs, G. A.; Brown, R. H.; Collins, S. A. (4 July 1986). "Voyager 2 in the Uranian System: Imaging Science Results". Science. 233 (4759): 43–64. Bibcode:1986Sci...233...43S. doi:10.1126/science.233.4759.43. PMID 17812889. S2CID 5895824. https://zenodo.org/record/1230972 ↩

10. Karkoschka, Voyager 2001. - Karkoschka, Erich (2001). "Voyager's Eleventh Discovery of a Satellite of Uranus and Photometry and the First Size Measurements of Nine Satellites". Icarus. 151 (1): 69–77. Bibcode:2001Icar..151...69K. doi:10.1006/icar.2001.6597. https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2001Icar..151...69K ↩

11. Thomas Veverka et al. 1987. - Thomas, P.; Veverka, J.; Johnson, T.V.; Brown, Robert Hamilton (1987). "Voyager observations of 1985U1". Icarus. 72 (1): 79–83. Bibcode:1987Icar...72...79T. doi:10.1016/0019-1035(87)90121-7. https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1987Icar...72...79T ↩

12. Karkoschka, Voyager 2001. - Karkoschka, Erich (2001). "Voyager's Eleventh Discovery of a Satellite of Uranus and Photometry and the First Size Measurements of Nine Satellites". Icarus. 151 (1): 69–77. Bibcode:2001Icar..151...69K. doi:10.1006/icar.2001.6597. https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2001Icar..151...69K ↩

13. Smith Soderblom et al. 1986. - Smith, B. A.; Soderblom, L. A.; Beebe, A.; Bliss, D.; Boyce, J. M.; Brahic, A.; Briggs, G. A.; Brown, R. H.; Collins, S. A. (4 July 1986). "Voyager 2 in the Uranian System: Imaging Science Results". Science. 233 (4759): 43–64. Bibcode:1986Sci...233...43S. doi:10.1126/science.233.4759.43. PMID 17812889. S2CID 5895824. https://zenodo.org/record/1230972 ↩

14. Karkoschka, Hubble 2001. - Karkoschka, Erich (2001). "Comprehensive Photometry of the Rings and 16 Satellites of Uranus with the Hubble Space Telescope". Icarus. 151 (1): 51–68. Bibcode:2001Icar..151...51K. doi:10.1006/icar.2001.6596. https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2001Icar..151...51K ↩

15. Dumas Smith et al. 2003. - Dumas, Christophe; Smith, Bradford A.; Terrile, Richard J. (2003). "Hubble Space Telescope NICMOS Multiband Photometry of Proteus and Puck". The Astronomical Journal. 126 (2): 1080–1085. Bibcode:2003AJ....126.1080D. doi:10.1086/375909. https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2003AJ....126.1080D ↩

16. Cartwright, Beddingfield & Nordheim 2021. - Cartwright, Richard J.; Beddingfield, Chloe B.; Nordheim, Tom A.; et al. (June 2021). "The Science Case for Spacecraft Exploration of the Uranian Satellites: Candidate Ocean Worlds in an Ice Giant System". The Planetary Society Journal. 2 (3): 120. arXiv:2105.01164. Bibcode:2021PSJ.....2..120C. doi:10.3847/PSJ/abfe12. https://doi.org/10.3847%2FPSJ%2Fabfe12 ↩

17. Belyakov, Matthew; Davis, M. Ryleigh; Milby, Zachariah; Wong, Ian; Brown, Michael E. (2024-05-01). "JWST Spectrophotometry of the Small Satellites of Uranus and Neptune". The Planetary Science Journal. 5 (5): 119. arXiv:2404.06660. Bibcode:2024PSJ.....5..119B. doi:10.3847/PSJ/ad3d55. ISSN 2632-3338. https://doi.org/10.3847%2FPSJ%2Fad3d55 ↩

18. Dumas Smith et al. 2003. - Dumas, Christophe; Smith, Bradford A.; Terrile, Richard J. (2003). "Hubble Space Telescope NICMOS Multiband Photometry of Proteus and Puck". The Astronomical Journal. 126 (2): 1080–1085. Bibcode:2003AJ....126.1080D. doi:10.1086/375909. https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2003AJ....126.1080D ↩

19. Cartwright, Beddingfield & Nordheim 2021. - Cartwright, Richard J.; Beddingfield, Chloe B.; Nordheim, Tom A.; et al. (June 2021). "The Science Case for Spacecraft Exploration of the Uranian Satellites: Candidate Ocean Worlds in an Ice Giant System". The Planetary Society Journal. 2 (3): 120. arXiv:2105.01164. Bibcode:2021PSJ.....2..120C. doi:10.3847/PSJ/abfe12. https://doi.org/10.3847%2FPSJ%2Fabfe12 ↩

20. Belyakov, Matthew; Davis, M. Ryleigh; Milby, Zachariah; Wong, Ian; Brown, Michael E. (2024-05-01). "JWST Spectrophotometry of the Small Satellites of Uranus and Neptune". The Planetary Science Journal. 5 (5): 119. arXiv:2404.06660. Bibcode:2024PSJ.....5..119B. doi:10.3847/PSJ/ad3d55. ISSN 2632-3338. https://doi.org/10.3847%2FPSJ%2Fad3d55 ↩

21. Smith Soderblom et al. 1986. - Smith, B. A.; Soderblom, L. A.; Beebe, A.; Bliss, D.; Boyce, J. M.; Brahic, A.; Briggs, G. A.; Brown, R. H.; Collins, S. A. (4 July 1986). "Voyager 2 in the Uranian System: Imaging Science Results". Science. 233 (4759): 43–64. Bibcode:1986Sci...233...43S. doi:10.1126/science.233.4759.43. PMID 17812889. S2CID 5895824. https://zenodo.org/record/1230972 ↩

22. Cartwright, Beddingfield & Nordheim 2021. - Cartwright, Richard J.; Beddingfield, Chloe B.; Nordheim, Tom A.; et al. (June 2021). "The Science Case for Spacecraft Exploration of the Uranian Satellites: Candidate Ocean Worlds in an Ice Giant System". The Planetary Society Journal. 2 (3): 120. arXiv:2105.01164. Bibcode:2021PSJ.....2..120C. doi:10.3847/PSJ/abfe12. https://doi.org/10.3847%2FPSJ%2Fabfe12 ↩