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Kilogram-force per square centimetre
Unit of pressure

A kilogram-force per square centimetre (kgf/cm2), often just kilogram per square centimetre (kg/cm2), or kilopond per square centimetre (kp/cm2) is a deprecated unit of pressure using metric units. It is not a part of the International System of Units (SI), the modern metric system. 1 kgf/cm2 equals 98.0665 kPa (kilopascals) or 0.980665 bar—2% less than a bar. It is also known as a technical atmosphere (symbol: at).

Use of the kilogram-force per square centimetre continues primarily due to older pressure measurement devices still in use.

This use of the unit of pressure provides an intuitive understanding for how a body's mass, in contexts with roughly standard gravity, can apply force to a scale's surface area, i.e. kilogram-force per square (centi-)metre.

In SI units, the unit is converted to the SI derived unit pascal (Pa), which is defined as one newton per square metre (N/m2). A newton is equal to 1 kg⋅m/s2, and a kilogram-force is 9.80665 N, meaning that 1 kgf/cm2 equals 98.0665 kilopascals (kPa).

In some older publications, kilogram-force per square centimetre is abbreviated ksc instead of kgf/cm2.

Pressure units
  • v
  • t
  • e
PascalBarTechnical atmosphereStandard atmosphereTorrPound per square inch
(Pa)(bar)(at)(atm)(Torr)(lbf/in2)
1 Pa1 Pa = 10−5 bar1 Pa = 1.0197×10−5 at1 Pa = 9.8692×10−6 atm1 Pa = 7.5006×10−3 Torr1 Pa = 0.000145037737730 lbf/in2
1 bar105= 1.0197= 0.98692= 750.06= 14.503773773022
1 at98066.50.9806650.9678411053541735.559240114.2233433071203
1 atm≡ 101325≡ 1.013251.033276014.6959487755142
1 Torr133.3223684210.0013332240.00135951⁠1/760⁠ ≈ 0.0013157890.019336775
1 lbf/in26894.7572931680.0689475730.0703069580.06804596451.714932572
1 at = 98.0665 kPa
≈ 0.96784 standard atmospheres
Pressure gauge from unknown source produced by ISGUS GmbH.Pressure gauge from unknown source. Note the visual square instead of 2. (Olja means "oil" in Swedish)
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Ambiguity of at

The symbol "at" clashes with that of the katal (symbol: "kat"), the SI unit of catalytic activity; a kilotechnical atmosphere would have the symbol "kat", indistinguishable from the symbol for the katal. It also clashes with that of the non-SI unit, the attotonne, but that unit would more likely be rendered as the equivalent SI unit, the picogram.

References

  1. Dorf, Richard C. (2003-11-24). CRC Handbook of Engineering Tables. CRC Press. ISBN 9780203009222. 9780203009222

  2. Suplee, Curt (2009-07-02). "Special Publication 811". NIST. Retrieved 2019-05-17. https://www.nist.gov/pml/special-publication-811

  3. The NIST Guide for the use of the International System of Units, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 18 Oct 2011 http://physics.nist.gov/Pubs/SP811/appenB9.html#PRESSURE