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Orders of magnitude (area)
SI Unit List Article

This page is a progressive and labelled list of the SI area orders of magnitude, with certain examples appended to some list objects.

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10−70 to 10−9 square metres

List of orders of magnitude for area 10−70 to 10−9 square metres
Factor (m2)MultipleValueItem
10−70 2.6×10−70 m2Planck area, G ℏ c 3 {\displaystyle {\frac {G\hbar }{c^{3}}}} 1
10−601 square quectometre
10−541 square rontometre
10−52 100 rm21 shed2
10−481 square yoctometre (ym2) 1 ym2 
10−43 100,000 ym21 femtobarn3
10−421 square zeptometre (zm2) 1 zm2 
10−361 square attometre (am2) 1 am2 
10−301 square femtometre (fm2) 1 fm2 
10−29 66.52 fm2Thomson cross-section of the electron4
10−28 100 fm21 barn, roughly the cross-sectional area of a uranium nucleus5
10−241 square picometre (pm2) 1 pm2 
10−201 square angstrom (Å2) 10,000 pm2 
10−19100,000 pm2Area of a lipid bilayer, per molecule6
75,000–260,000 pm2Surface area of the 20 standard amino acids7
10−181 square nanometre (nm2) 1 nm2 
10−16100 nm2Globular proteins: solvent-accessible surface area of a typical globular protein, having a typical molecular mass of ~35000 u (quite variable)8
10−1417,000 nm2Cross-sectional area of a nuclear pore complex in vertebrates9
10−121 square micrometre (μm2)6 μm2Surface area of an E. coli bacterium10
10−10 100 μm2Surface area of a red blood cell11
10−9 6,000–110,000 μm2Range of common LCD screen pixel sizes12
 7,000 μm2Area of a dot printed using 300 dots per inch resolution13
 8,000 μm2Cross-sectional area of a straight human hair that is 100 μm14 in diameter15

10−8 to 10−1 square metres

List of orders of magnitude for areas 10−8 to 10−1 square metres
Factor (m2)MultipleValueItem
10−8 55,000 μm2Size of a pixel on a typical modern computer display
10−7 2-400,000 μm2Cross-sectional area of a mechanical pencil lead (0.5-0.7 mm in diameter)16
10−61 square millimetre (mm2)1–2 mm2Area of a human fovea17
2 mm2Area of the head of a pin
10−5 30–50 mm2Area of a 6–8 mm hole punched in a piece of paper by a hole punch18
10−41 square centimetre (cm2)290 mm2Area of one side of a U.S. penny1920
500 mm2Area of a typical postage stamp
10−3 1,100 mm2Area of a human retina21
4,600 mm2Area of the face of a credit card22
10−21 square decimetre (dm2)10,000 mm2Index card (3 × 5 inches)23
60,000 mm2American letter paper (11 × 8.5 inches, "A" size)
62,370 mm2International A4 paper (210 × 297 mm)
92,903 mm21 square foot24
10−1 125,000 mm2International A3 paper (297 × 420 mm)
180,000 mm2Surface area of a basketball (diameter 24 cm)2526
250,000 mm2International A2 paper (420 × 594 mm)
500,000 mm2International A1 paper (594 × 841 mm)

100 to 107 square metres

List of orders of magnitude for areas 100 to 107 square metres.
Factor (m2)MultipleValueItem
1001 square metre1 m2International A0 paper (841 × 1189 mm)
1.73 m2A number commonly used as the average body surface area of a human27
1–4 m2Area of the top of an office desk
101 10–20 m2A parking space
70 m2Approximate surface area of a human lung28
1021 square decametre (dam2)100 m2One are (a)
162 m2Size of a volleyball court (18 × 9 metres)29
202 m2Floor area of a median suburban three-bedroom house in the US in 2010: 2,169 sq ft (201.5 m2)30
261 m2Size of a tennis court31
437 m2Size of an NBA/WNBA/NCAA basketball court32
845 m2Wing area of Airbus A380, the largest commercial airliner33
978 m2Size of the primary mirror of the Extremely Large Telescope, the largest optical telescope in the world (under construction)34
1031 kilo square meter k(m2)1,000 m2Surface area of a modern stremma or dunam
1,250 m2Surface area of the water in an Olympic-size swimming pool35
4,047 m21 acre36
5,400 m2Size of an American football field3738
7,140 m2Size of a typical football (soccer) field3940
1041 square hectometre (hm2)10,000 m21 hectare (ha)41
17,000 m2Approximate area of a cricket field (theoretical limits: 6,402 m2 to 21,273 m2)42
22,100 m2Area of a Manhattan city block
53,000 m2Base of the Great Pyramid of Giza4344
105 195,000 m2Irish National Botanic Gardens45
490,000 m2Vatican City46
600,000 m2Total floor area of the Pentagon47
659,611 m2Total floor area of Surat Diamond Bourse (largest office building)48
887,800 m2AvtoVAZ main assembly building, Tolyatti, Russia (largest building by footprint)
1061 mega square meter M(m2)

1 square kilometre (km2)

1.76 km2New Century Global Center, Chengdu, China (largest building by total floor area)
2 km2Monaco (country ranked 192nd by area)49
2.59 km21 square mile50
2.9 km2City of London (not all of modern London)51
107 59.5 km2Manhattan Island (land area)52
61 km2San Marino53

108 to 1014 square metres

Factor (m2)MultipleValueItem
108 105 km2Paris (inner city only)54
110 km2Walt Disney World55
272 km2Taipei City56
630 km2Toronto57
1091 giga square meter G(m2)1,100 km2Hong Kong58
1,290 km2Los Angeles, California, United States (city)59
1,962 km2Jacksonville, Florida; largest city in the Continental US60
2,188 km2Tokyo61
3,130 km2Average area of an American county
5,780 km2Administrative area of Bali62
8,030 km2Community of Madrid, Spain
1010 11,000 km2Jamaica63
30,528 km2Belgium
68,870 km2Lake Victoria64
84,000 km2Austria65
1011 100,000 km2South Korea66
167,996 km2Jiuquan in China
232,000 km2Total area covered by underwater search for Malaysia Airlines Flight 370 (including both 2014-2017 and 2018 searches)
238,397 km2Romania67
301,338 km2Italy68
357,000 km2Germany69
377,900 km2Japan70
510,000 km2Spain71
780,000 km2Turkey72
10121 tera square meter T(m2)

1 square megametre (Mm2)

1.0 Mm2Egypt (country ranked 29th by area)73
2 Mm2Mexico
3.10 Mm2Sakha (Yakutia) Republic in Russia (largest subnational governing body)74
3.28 Mm2India (country ranked 7th by area)
5 Mm2Largest extent of the Roman Empire7576
7.74 Mm2Australia (country ranked 6th by area)77
8.5 Mm2Brazil
9.5 Mm2China/ United States of America
1013 10 Mm2Canada (including water)78
14 Mm2Antarctica79
14 Mm2Arable land worldwide80
16.6 Mm2Surface area of Pluto81
17 Mm2Russia (country ranked 1st by area)82
24 Mm2Largest extent of Mongol Empire
30 Mm2Africa83
35.5 Mm2Largest extent of the British Empire84
38 Mm2Surface area of the Moon85
44.6 Mm2Asia (largest continent by area)
70.5 Mm2Indian Ocean86
85.1 Mm2Atlantic Ocean87
1014 144 Mm2Surface area of Mars88
150 Mm2Land area of Earth89
168.7 Mm2Pacific Ocean90
360 Mm2Water area of Earth91
510 Mm2Total surface area of Earth92

1015 to 1026 square metres

List of orders of magnitude for areas 1015 to 1026 square metres.
Factor (m2)MultipleValueItem
10151 peta square meter P(m2)1,000 Mm2Surface area of the white dwarf, Van Maanen's star
7,600 Mm2Surface area of Neptune93
1016 43,000 Mm2Surface area of Saturn94
61 000 Mm2Surface area of Jupiter,95 the "surface" area of the spheroid (calculated from the mean radius as reported by NASA). The cross-sectional area of Jupiter, which is the same as the "circle" of Jupiter seen by an approaching spacecraft, is almost exactly one quarter the surface-area of the overall sphere, which in the case of Jupiter is approximately 1.535×1016 m2.
1017 2-600 000 Mm2Surface area of the brown dwarf CT Chamaeleontis B.
460,000 Mm2Area swept by the Moon's orbit of Earth
10181 square gigametre (Gm2)6.1 Gm2Surface area of the Sun96
1019 30 Gm2Surface area of the star Vega
1020  100 Gm2 
10211 zetta square meter Z(m2)1 000 Gm2
1022 11 000 Gm2Area swept by Mercury's orbit around the Sun
37 000 Gm2Area swept by Venus' orbit around the Sun
71 000 Gm2Area swept by Earth's orbit around the Sun
1023 160 000 Gm2Area swept by Mars' orbit around the Sun
281 000 Gm2Surface area of a Dyson sphere with a radius of 1 AU
10241 yotta square meter (m2)

1 square terametre (Tm2)

1.9 Tm2Area swept by Jupiter's orbit around the Sun
6.4 Tm2Area swept by Saturn's orbit around the Sun
8.5 Tm2Surface area of the red supergiant star Betelgeuse
1025 24 Tm2Surface area of the hypergiant star VY Canis Majoris
26 Tm2Area swept by Uranus' orbit around the Sun
64 Tm2Area swept by Neptune's orbit around the Sun
1026 110 Tm2Area swept by Pluto's orbit around the Sun

1027 square metres and larger

List of orders of magnitude for areas 1027 square metres and larger.
Factor (m2)MultipleValueItem
10301 square petametre (Pm2)
103110 Pm2
1032200 Pm2Roughly the surface area of an Oort Cloud
300 Pm2Roughly the surface area of a Bok globule
10331 000 Pm2
103430 000 Pm2Roughly the surface area of The Bubble nebula
1035100 000 Pm2
10361 square exametre (Em2)
...
1041700 000 Em2Roughly the area of Milky Way's galactic disk
10421 square zettametre (Zm2)
...
10481 square yottametre (Ym2)
10541 square ronnametre (Rm2)2.4 Rm2Surface area of the observable universe97

See also

References

  1. Calculated: square of the Planck length = (1.62e-35 m)^2 = 2.6e-70 m^2 /wiki/Planck_length ↩

  2. Russ Rowlett (September 1, 2004). "Units: S". How Many? A Dictionary of Units of Measurement. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Retrieved 2011-10-25. http://www.unc.edu/~rowlett/units/dictS.html ↩

  3. "Femtobarn". CERN writing guidelines. CERN. Retrieved 2015-10-22. http://writing-guidelines.web.cern.ch/entries/femtobarn ↩

  4. Eric W. Weisstein. "Thomson Cross Section". Eric Weisstein's World of Science. Wolfram Research. Retrieved 2015-10-22. http://scienceworld.wolfram.com/physics/ThomsonCrossSection.html ↩

  5. "Other non-SI units". SI brochure. BIPM. Archived from the original on 2008-08-21. Retrieved 2011-10-25. https://web.archive.org/web/20080821211324/http://www.bipm.org/en/si/si_brochure/chapter4/table8.html ↩

  6. ""Rule of thumb" for the area per molecule in lipid bilayer". BioNumbers. Retrieved 2011-10-09. http://bionumbers.hms.harvard.edu/bionumber.aspx?s=n&id=101837 ↩

  7. "Individual Properties of the 20 Standard Amino Acids: Properties and Images". The Amino Acid Repository. Jena Library of Biological Macromolecules. Retrieved 2011-10-10. http://jenalib.leibniz-fli.de/IMAGE_AA.html ↩

  8. Janin, J. E. L. (1979). "Surface and inside volumes in globular proteins". Nature. 277 (5696): 491–492. Bibcode:1979Natur.277..491J. doi:10.1038/277491a0. PMID 763335. S2CID 4338901. /wiki/Bibcode_(identifier) ↩

  9. "The Nuclear Pore Complex". UIUC Theoretical and Computational Biophysics Group. Retrieved 2011-10-14. http://www.ks.uiuc.edu/Research/npc/ ↩

  10. "E. coli Statistics". The CyberCell Database. Archived from the original on 2011-10-27. Retrieved 2011-09-11. https://web.archive.org/web/20111027220034/http://www.ccdb.ualberta.ca/CCDB/cgi-bin/STAT_NEW.cgi ↩

  11. Marcelli, Gianluca; Parker, Kim H.; Winlove, C. Peter (2005). "Thermal Fluctuations of Red Blood Cell Membrane via a Constant-Area Particle-Dynamics Model". Biophysical Journal. 89 (4): 2473–2480. Bibcode:2005BpJ....89.2473M. doi:10.1529/biophysj.104.056168. PMC 1366746. PMID 16055528. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1366746 ↩

  12. Calculated: Smallest and largest common pitches were 77 micrometers and 337 micrometers. (77e-6 m)^2 ~= 6e-9 m^2. (337e-6 m)^2 ~= 114e-9 m^2 ~= 110e-9 m^2 /wiki/Dot_pitch#Common_dot_pitches_in_monitors ↩

  13. Calculated: (300 dots per inch / 2.54e-2 m/inch)^(-2) = 7.2e-9 m^2 ↩

  14. "Hair Fiber Composition". Retrieved 2011-09-30. http://www.keratin.com/aa/aa012.shtml#04 ↩

  15. Calculated: 100 μm in diameter => pi * ((1e-4 m)/2)**2 = 7.9e-9 m^2 ↩

  16. Calculated: pi * (0.5mm/2)^2 = 2.0e-7 m^2 and pi * (0.7mm/2)^2 = 3.8e-7 m^2) ↩

  17. "Part XIII: Facts and Figures concerning the human retina". Webvision. University of Utah. Archived from the original on 2011-10-11. Retrieved 2011-09-28. https://web.archive.org/web/20111011004153/http://webvision.med.utah.edu/book/part-xiii-cellular-remodeling-in-mammalian-retina-induced-by-retinal-detachment/ ↩

  18. Calculated: ((6e-3 m)/2)**2 * pi = 2.8e-5 m^2 and ((8e-3 m)/2)**2 * pi = 5.0e-5 m^2 ↩

  19. "Coin specifications". United States Mint. Retrieved 2011-12-28. https://www.usmint.gov/about_the_mint/?action=coin_specifications ↩

  20. Calculated: area = pi * diameter^2 / 4 = 3.14 * (19.05e-3 m)^2 = 2.850e-4 m^2 ↩

  21. Taylor, Enid; Jennings, Alan (1971). "Calculation of total retinal area". Br. J. Ophthalmol. 55 (4): 262–5. doi:10.1136/bjo.55.4.262. PMC 1208280. PMID 5572268. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1208280 ↩

  22. "Credit Card Dimensions". Retrieved 2011-09-30. http://www.dimensionsguide.com/credit-card-dimensions/ ↩

  23. Calculated: 3 inches * 5 inches * (2.54e-2 m/inch)^2 = 9.7e-3 m^2 ~= 0.01 m^2 ↩

  24. Calculated: 1 foot * 1 foot * (0.3048 meters / foot)^2 = 0.092.90304 m^2 ↩

  25. "Rules of the Game". USA Basketball. Archived from the original on 2011-10-27. Retrieved 2011-10-28. https://web.archive.org/web/20111027183121/http://www.usabasketball.com/rules/rules.html ↩

  26. Calculated: 29.5-29.75 inch circumference * 2.54 cm / in = 23.85-24.05 cm diameter => radius = 0.119-0.120 m => Area = 4 * pi * (0.119 m)^2 = 0.18 m^2 ↩

  27. Sacco, Joseph J.; Botten, Joanne; Macbeth, Fergus; Bagust, Adrian; Clark, Peter (2010). "The Average Body Surface Area of Adult Cancer Patients in the UK: A Multicentre Retrospective Study". PLOS ONE. 5 (1): e8933. Bibcode:2010PLoSO...5.8933S. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0008933. PMC 2812484. PMID 20126669. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2812484 ↩

  28. Notter, Robert H. (2000). Lung surfactants: basic science and clinical applications. New York, N.Y: Marcel Dekker. p. 120. ISBN 0-8247-0401-0. Retrieved 2011-09-27. 0-8247-0401-0 ↩

  29. "Section 1.1" (PDF). Official Volleyball Rules 2011-2012. FIVB. 2010. Retrieved 2011-10-27. The playing court is a rectangle measuring 18 x 9 m, surrounded by a free zone which is a minimum of 3 m wide on all sides. http://www.fivb.org/EN/Refereeing-Rules/Documents/FIVB.2011-2012.VB.RulesOfTheGame.Eng.TextfileOnly.2.1.1.pdf ↩

  30. "Median and Average Square Feet of Floor Area in New Single-Family Houses Completed by Location" (PDF). US Census Bureau. Retrieved 2011-09-26. https://www.census.gov/const/C25Ann/sftotalmedavgsqft.pdf ↩

  31. "Area of a Tennis Court". The Physics Factbook. Retrieved 2011-09-27. http://hypertextbook.com/facts/2009/AmyHuang.shtml ↩

  32. Calculated: 4,700 sq ft * (0.3048 ft/m)2 = 436.644288 m2 ↩

  33. "A380 Prestige Specifications" (PDF). Airbus. Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 October 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20161012152549/http://www.airbus.com/fileadmin/media_gallery/files/tech_data/jetFamily/media_object_file_A380_specifications.pdf ↩

  34. "Extremely Large Telescope - Timeline". Retrieved 11 July 2023. https://elt.eso.org/about/timeline/ ↩

  35. Calculated: 50 m * 25 m = 1250 m^2 ↩

  36. "General Tables of Units of Measurement" (PDF). NIST. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2006-11-26. Retrieved 2011-10-28. 4046.87 https://web.archive.org/web/20061126120208/http://ts.nist.gov/WeightsAndMeasures/Publications/upload/h4402_appenc.pdf ↩

  37. "What are the Dimensions of a Football Field". Dimensions Guide. Retrieved 2011-10-27. http://www.dimensionsguide.com/what-are-the-dimensions-of-a-football-field/ ↩

  38. Calculated: 360 feet * 160 feet * (0.3048 m/ft)^2 = 5351 m^2 ~= 5400 m^2 ↩

  39. "How Big Is An Olympic Soccer Field?". LIVESTRONG.COM. Retrieved 2012-01-04. For the Olympics, fields are supposed to measure exactly 105 meters long and 68 meters wide http://www.livestrong.com/article/406257-how-big-is-an-olympic-soccer-field/ ↩

  40. Calculated: 105 m * 68 m = 7140 m^2 ↩

  41. "General Tables of Units of Measurement" (PDF). NIST. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2006-11-26. Retrieved 2011-10-28. https://web.archive.org/web/20061126120208/http://ts.nist.gov/WeightsAndMeasures/Publications/upload/h4402_appenc.pdf ↩

  42. "AFL Ground Sizes | Passy's World of Mathematics". passyworldofmathematics.com. 11 September 2011. Retrieved 2016-11-12. http://passyworldofmathematics.com/afl-ground-sizes/ ↩

  43. Greenberg, Ralph. "THE GREAT PYRAMID OF GIZA (Some Elegant Numerical Relationships)". Retrieved 2012-01-04. average length of the four sides is 230.364 meters http://www.math.washington.edu/~greenber/GizaPyramid.html ↩

  44. Calculated: 230.364 m^2 ~= 53068 m^2 ↩

  45. Gartland, Fiona. "Valuable lead roofing stolen from Dublin bandstands". Archived from the original on 30 May 2018. Retrieved 29 May 2018. https://www.irishtimes.com/news/valuable-lead-roofing-stolen-from-dublin-bandstands-1.485412 ↩

  46. "Holy See (Vatican City)". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 2011-10-28. https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/holy-see-vatican-city/ ↩

  47. "The Pentagon - George Bergstrom". Great Buildings Online. Retrieved 2011-10-28. Floor area of 6.5 million square feet, 34 acres, 13.8 hectares, of which 3.7 million square feet are used for offices. http://www.greatbuildings.com/buildings/The_Pentagon.html ↩

  48. Holland, Oscar (2023-07-18). "The world's new largest office building is bigger than the Pentagon". CNN. Retrieved 2024-11-07. https://edition.cnn.com/style/india-largest-office-building-surat-diamond-bourse/index.html ↩

  49. "Monaco". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 2011-09-30. https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/monaco/ ↩

  50. Calculated: 1 mile * 1 mile * (1.61 km / mile)^2 = 2.59 km^2 ↩

  51. "Jurisdictions: London". The International Finance Centre Portal. Retrieved 2011-10-28. http://www.internationalfinancecentres.com/jurisdictions/view/41 ↩

  52. "New York -- Place and County Subdivision: Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density 2000". Census 2000 Summary File 1. US Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 2011-01-03. Retrieved 2011-10-28. https://web.archive.org/web/20110103055349/http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/GCTTable?_bm=y&-geo_id=04000US36&-_box_head_nbr=GCT-PH1-R&-ds_name=DEC_2000_SF1_U&-_lang=en&-redoLog=false&-mt_name=PEP_2006_EST_GCTT1_ST2&-format=ST-7S&-_sse=on ↩

  53. "San Marino". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 2011-09-30. https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/san-marino/ ↩

  54. "Comparateur de territoire: Commune de Paris (75056)". INSEE. Retrieved 2020-08-26. https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/1405599?geo=COM-75056 ↩

  55. "Walt Disney World Resort". Disney By The Numb3rs. Archived from the original on 2015-06-12. Retrieved 2011-10-28. 30,500 acres https://web.archive.org/web/20150612090638/http://disneybythenumbers.com/wdw/wdw.html ↩

  56. "Appendix II Statistics". Taipei Yearbook 2010. Archived from the original on 2012-05-22. Retrieved 2011-10-28. https://web.archive.org/web/20120522053744/http://tcgwww.taipei.gov.tw/ct.asp?xItem=6499588&ctNode=45847&mp=100089 ↩

  57. "Population and Dwelling Counts". 2001 Census. Statistics Canada. Retrieved 2011-10-28. http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census01/products/standard/popdwell/Table-CSD-P.cfm?PR=35&T=2&SR=1&S=3&O=D ↩

  58. "Hong Kong". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 2011-09-29. https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/hong-kong/ ↩

  59. "California by Place: Los Angeles city". US Census. Archived from the original on 2020-02-12. Retrieved 2011-10-28. 498.29 square miles https://archive.today/20200212034038/http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/GCTTable?-geo_id=04000US06&-mt_name=DEC_2000_SF1_U_GCTPH1_ST7&-ds_name=DEC_2000_SF1_U ↩

  60. "Cities with 100,000 or More Population in 2000 ranked by Land Area (square miles) /1, 2000 in Rank Order". U.S. Census Bureau, Administrative and Customer Services Division, Statistical Compendia Branch. March 16, 2004. Archived from the original on October 17, 2002. Retrieved 2010-10-26. https://web.archive.org/web/20021017211112/http://www.census.gov/statab/ccdb/cit1010r.txt ↩

  61. "OVERVIEW OF TOKYO". Tokyo Metropolitan Government. Archived from the original on 2011-11-08. Retrieved 2011-10-28. https://web.archive.org/web/20111108043249/http://www.metro.tokyo.jp/ENGLISH/PROFILE/overview02.htm ↩

  62. "Kabupaten Klungkung : Data Agregat per Kecamatan" (PDF). Sp2010.bps.go.id. 2010. Retrieved 5 January 2018. http://sp2010.bps.go.id/files/ebook/5105.pdf ↩

  63. "Jamaica". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 2011-09-29. https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/jamaica/ ↩

  64. "Lake Profile: Victoria". World Lakes. LakeNet. Archived from the original on November 27, 2003. Retrieved 2011-10-28. https://web.archive.org/web/20031127214325/http://www.worldlakes.org/lakedetails.asp?lakeid=8361 ↩

  65. "Austria". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 2011-09-29. https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/austria/ ↩

  66. "South Korea". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 2011-09-29. https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/iceland/ ↩

  67. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 2011-09-29. ↩

  68. "Italy". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 2011-09-29. https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/italy/ ↩

  69. "Germany". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 2011-09-29. https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/italy/ ↩

  70. "Japan". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 2011-09-29. https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/italy/ ↩

  71. "Spain". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 2011-09-29. https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/spain/ ↩

  72. "Turkey". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Archived from the original on January 10, 2021. Retrieved 2011-09-29. https://web.archive.org/web/20210110073821/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/turkey ↩

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