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Angor language
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<h2 id="dialects">Dialects</h2> <p>Dialects are Wai (Central Anggor) and Samanai (Southern Anggor).<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:3" href="#fn:3"><sup>3</sup></a> </p><p>Loving and Bass (1964) list these Anggor dialects and their villages:<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:4" href="#fn:4"><sup>4</sup></a> </p> <ul><li><i>Western</i>: Mongo</li> <li><i>Central west</i>: Amandan (<a href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Angor_language¶ms=3.690148_S_141.168092_E_type:city_region:PG&title=Amondon">3°41′25″S 141°10′05″E / 3.690148°S 141.168092°E / -3.690148; 141.168092 (Amondon)</a>), Fisi, Kwaraman (<a href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Angor_language¶ms=3.651891_S_141.156937_E_type:city_region:PG&title=Kwaramun">3°39′07″S 141°09′25″E / 3.651891°S 141.156937°E / -3.651891; 141.156937 (Kwaramun)</a>), Puramen (<a href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Angor_language¶ms=3.650583_S_141.17401_E_type:city_region:PG&title=Purumun">3°39′02″S 141°10′26″E / 3.650583°S 141.17401°E / -3.650583; 141.17401 (Purumun)</a>)</li> <li><i>Central east</i>: Akrani, Baribari, Bibriari (<a href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Angor_language¶ms=3.662695_S_141.213604_E_type:city_region:PG&title=Bibriari">3°39′46″S 141°12′49″E / 3.662695°S 141.213604°E / -3.662695; 141.213604 (Bibriari)</a>), Merere, Nai (<a href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Angor_language¶ms=3.624291_S_141.289758_E_type:city_region:PG&title=Nai+1">3°37′27″S 141°17′23″E / 3.624291°S 141.289758°E / -3.624291; 141.289758 (Nai 1)</a>), Senagi (<a href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Angor_language¶ms=3.681265_S_141.20755_E_type:city_region:PG&title=Senagi">3°40′53″S 141°12′27″E / 3.681265°S 141.20755°E / -3.681265; 141.20755 (Senagi)</a>), Unupuwai, Wamu (<a href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Angor_language¶ms=3.669845_S_141.229746_E_type:city_region:PG&title=Wamu">3°40′11″S 141°13′47″E / 3.669845°S 141.229746°E / -3.669845; 141.229746 (Wamu)</a>)</li> <li><i>Southern</i>: Samanai</li></ul> <h2 id="writing-system">Writing system</h2> Angor alphabet<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:5" href="#fn:5"><sup>5</sup></a><table><tbody><tr><th colspan="2">Orthography</th><th>IPA</th></tr><tr><td>A</td><td>a</td><td>/ɑ/</td></tr><tr><td>B</td><td>b</td><td>/b/</td></tr><tr><td>D</td><td>d</td><td>/d/</td></tr><tr><td>E</td><td>e</td><td>/e/</td></tr><tr><td>F</td><td>f</td><td>/ɸ/</td></tr><tr><td>G</td><td>g</td><td>/ɡ/</td></tr><tr><td>H</td><td>h</td><td>/x/</td></tr><tr><td>I</td><td>i</td><td>/i/</td></tr><tr><td>Ɨ</td><td>ɨ</td><td>/ə/</td></tr><tr><td>K</td><td>k</td><td>/k/</td></tr><tr><td>M</td><td>m</td><td>/m/</td></tr><tr><td>Mb</td><td>mb</td><td>/ᵐb/</td></tr><tr><td>N</td><td>n</td><td>/n/</td></tr><tr><td>Nd</td><td>nd</td><td>/ⁿd/</td></tr><tr><td>Ŋ</td><td>ŋ</td><td>/ŋ/</td></tr><tr><td>Ŋg</td><td>ŋg</td><td>/ᵑɡ/</td></tr><tr><td>O</td><td>o</td><td>/o/</td></tr><tr><td>P</td><td>p</td><td>/p/</td></tr><tr><td>R</td><td>r</td><td>/ɾ/</td></tr><tr><td>S</td><td>s</td><td>/s/</td></tr><tr><td>T</td><td>t</td><td>/t/</td></tr><tr><td>U</td><td>u</td><td>/u/</td></tr><tr><td>Ü</td><td>ü</td><td>/ɨ/</td></tr><tr><td>W</td><td>w</td><td>/w/</td></tr><tr><td>Y</td><td>y</td><td>/j/</td></tr></tbody></table> <h2 id="phonology">Phonology</h2> <h3>Consonants</h3> <p>Angor has the following 18 consonants.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:6" href="#fn:6"><sup>6</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:7" href="#fn:7"><sup>7</sup></a> </p> <table><tbody><tr><th colspan="2"></th><th><a href="/facts/Labial_consonant/bv4MqTMf">Labial</a></th><th><a href="/facts/Alveolar_consonant/B6VkW2EX">Alveolar</a></th><th><a href="/facts/Palatal_consonant/KLcKyXE8">Palatal</a></th><th><a href="/facts/Velar_consonant/blWClp79">Velar</a></th></tr><tr><th rowspan="1"><a href="/facts/Nasal_consonant/m6D3cVhe">Nasal</a></th><th>voiced</th><td><a href="/facts/Voiced_bilabial_nasal/1pd7NK2x">m</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Voiced_alveolar_nasal/0CEs8314">n</a></td><td></td><td><a href="/facts/Voiced_velar_nasal/r6v5q92L">ŋ</a></td></tr><tr><th rowspan="3"><a href="/facts/Plosive/okC9pztc">Plosive</a></th><th>voiceless</th><td><a href="/facts/Voiceless_bilabial_plosive/w4M9Igp6">p</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Voiceless_alveolar_plosive/1GaDe2Vy">t</a></td><td></td><td><a href="/facts/Voiceless_velar_plosive/dDppVb6e">k</a></td></tr><tr><th>voiced</th><td><a href="/facts/Voiced_bilabial_plosive/6ReC9arR">b</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Voiced_alveolar_plosive/A6hNvmCp">d</a></td><td></td><td><a href="/facts/Voiced_velar_plosive/f6udTvfQ">g</a></td></tr><tr><th>prenasalized</th><td><a href="/facts/Prenasalized_consonant/TR6JyXvU">ᵐb</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Prenasalized_consonant/TR6JyXvU">ⁿd</a></td><td></td><td><a href="/facts/Prenasalized_consonant/TR6JyXvU">ᵑɡ</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2"><a href="/facts/Fricative/1FQuuhfX">Fricative</a></th><td><a href="/facts/Voiceless_bilabial_fricative/mccNzbmL">ɸ</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Voiceless_alveolar_fricative/WLKtEYDe">s</a></td><td></td><td><a href="/facts/Voiceless_velar_fricative/mrKPhobk">x</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2"><a href="/facts/Tap_and_flap_consonants/5SFjKYlX">Tap/Flap</a></th><td></td><td><a href="/facts/Voiced_dental_and_alveolar_taps_and_flaps/EvQ781EU">ɾ</a></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2"><a href="/facts/Approximant/SXrlw7zY">Approximant</a></th><td><a href="/facts/Voiced_labial%25E2%2580%2593velar_approximant/HLDqbrvr">w</a></td><td></td><td><a href="/facts/Voiced_palatal_approximant/v0NVCbUh">j</a></td><td></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Litteral notes the following allophonic processes:<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:8" href="#fn:8"><sup>8</sup></a> </p> <ul><li>/ɸ/ is voiced [<a href="/facts/Voiced_bilabial_fricative/2ljHM92m">β</a>] word medially.</li> <li>/x/ is voiced [<a href="/facts/Voiced_velar_fricative/ESy9fy1G">ɣ</a>] word medially.</li> <li>/ɾ/ is sometimes retroflexed after /a/.</li> <li>Final unstressed vowels, especially /ə/, tend to be elided in speech after voiceless plosives /p t k/, prenasalized plosives /ᵐb ⁿd/, and /m n ŋ x/. Prenasalized consonants are pronounced voiceless and aspirated in this position.</li></ul> <h3>Vowels</h3> <h4>Monophthongs</h4> <p>Angor has the following 7 monophthongs.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:9" href="#fn:9"><sup>9</sup></a> </p> <table><tbody><tr><th></th><th><a href="/facts/Front_vowel/htKQs3AT">Front</a></th><th><a href="/facts/Central_vowel/IFSaKUe9">Central</a></th><th><a href="/facts/Back_vowel/gyHoGCH0">Back</a></th></tr><tr><th><a href="/facts/Close_vowel/Ne6tHQHR">Close</a></th><td><a href="/facts/Close_front_unrounded_vowel/rSUdlCPU">i</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Close_central_unrounded_vowel/YdtMNGWw">ɨ</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Close_back_rounded_vowel/gqlQLfse">u</a></td></tr><tr><th><a href="/facts/Close-mid_vowel/rK07wQEd">Close-mid</a></th><td><a href="/facts/Close-mid_front_unrounded_vowel/e9YNLF97">e</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:10" href="#fn:10"><sup>10</sup></a></td><td></td><td><a href="/facts/Close-mid_back_rounded_vowel/VwS9cKWJ">o</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:11" href="#fn:11"><sup>11</sup></a></td></tr><tr><th><a href="/facts/Mid_vowel/uzjGLRhf">Mid</a></th><td></td><td><a href="/facts/Mid_central_vowel/CCx0wYy3">ə</a></td><td></td></tr><tr><th><a href="/facts/Open_vowel/roS0Y7lA">Open</a></th><td></td><td><a href="/facts/Open_front_unrounded_vowel/s80pvmYh">a</a></td><td></td></tr></tbody></table> <h4>Diphthongs</h4> <table><tbody><tr><th></th><th>Phoneme</th><th>Orthography</th><th>Gloss</th></tr><tr><th rowspan="9">Closing</th><td rowspan="2">/ai/</td><td><i>kaiahɨ</i></td><td>white cockatoo</td></tr><tr><td><i>hai</i></td><td>fire</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="2">/au/</td><td><i>nau</i></td><td>like.V.COMP</td></tr><tr><td><i>bau</i></td><td>father</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="2">/ao/</td><td><i>penao</i></td><td>knife</td></tr><tr><td><i>sao</i></td><td>give.me.IMP</td></tr><tr><td>/ei/</td><td><i>ahei</i></td><td>go.3FPL</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="2">/o.u/<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:12" href="#fn:12"><sup>12</sup></a></td><td><i>hou</i></td><td>COMPL.3MPL</td></tr><tr><td><i>tɨ mouyanɨ</i></td><td>mosquito</td></tr><tr><th rowspan="2">Opening</th><td rowspan="2">/oa/</td><td><i>koako</i></td><td>shell</td></tr><tr><td><i>gogoa</i></td><td>there</td></tr><tr><th rowspan="5">Height-harmonic</th><td rowspan="2">/ui/</td><td><i>mbuifɨ</i></td><td>fingernail</td></tr><tr><td><i>yikui</i></td><td>papaya</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="3">/oe/</td><td><i>hoeyembɨ</i></td><td>sugarcane</td></tr><tr><td><i>baboe</i></td><td>type of banana</td></tr><tr><td><i>nɨmoei</i></td><td>stone</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Litteral notes the following allophonic processes:<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:13" href="#fn:13"><sup>13</sup></a> </p> <ul><li>/e/ tends to be phonetically a glide [eɪ̯] in the medial position (e.g., <i>tefɨ</i> [teɪ̯βə] 'tongue').</li> <li>/o/ is generally [ɔ] before [ⁿd] and [ɾ].</li></ul> <h2 id="external-links">External links</h2> Look up <i>Category:Angor lemmas</i> in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. <ul><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180708203711/http://www-01.sil.org/pacific/png/pubs/92847459940/Angor_Discourse_Features.pdf">Angor Grammar Sketch</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Paradisec/agLYjd6n">PARADISEC</a> archive <a href="http://catalog.paradisec.org.au/items/search?language_id=129&search=Angor&utf8=%E2%9C%93">items for Angor language</a></li></ul> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>Angor at Ethnologue (25th ed., 2022) <a href="https://www.ethnologue.com/25/language/agg" target="_blank">https://www.ethnologue.com/25/language/agg</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>United Nations in Papua New Guinea (2018). "Papua New Guinea Village Coordinates Lookup". Humanitarian Data Exchange. 1.31.9. <a href="https://data.humdata.org/dataset/village-coordinates-lookup" target="_blank">https://data.humdata.org/dataset/village-coordinates-lookup</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>Steer, Martin (2005). Languages of the Upper Sepik and Central New Guinea (PDF). Canberra: Australian National University. <a href="https://static1.squarespace.com/static/576ed271bebafbef665249c0/t/576ef4d7725e2552c3689535/1466889435280/Languages_of_the_Upper_Sepik_and_Central_New_Guinea.pdf" target="_blank">https://static1.squarespace.com/static/576ed271bebafbef665249c0/t/576ef4d7725e2552c3689535/1466889435280/Languages_of_the_Upper_Sepik_and_Central_New_Guinea.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>Loving, Richard and Jack Bass. 1964. Languages of the Amanab Sub-District. Port Moresby: Department of Information and Extension Services. <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>Litteral, Robert (1997). "Organised Phonology Data" (PDF). SIL. Archived (PDF) from the original on 19 April 2022. <a href="https://www.sil.org/system/files/reapdata/14/88/21/148821957157599136375754711921990175773/Angor.pdf" target="_blank">https://www.sil.org/system/files/reapdata/14/88/21/148821957157599136375754711921990175773/Angor.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:6"><p>Foley, William A. (2018). "The Languages of the Sepik-Ramu Basin and Environs". In Palmer, Bill (ed.). The Languages and Linguistics of the New Guinea Area: A Comprehensive Guide. The World of Linguistics. Vol. 4. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton. pp. 197–432. ISBN 978-3-11-028642-7. <a href="978-3-11-028642-7" target="_blank">978-3-11-028642-7</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:7"><p>Litteral, Robert (1997). "Organised Phonology Data" (PDF). SIL. Archived (PDF) from the original on 19 April 2022. <a href="https://www.sil.org/system/files/reapdata/14/88/21/148821957157599136375754711921990175773/Angor.pdf" target="_blank">https://www.sil.org/system/files/reapdata/14/88/21/148821957157599136375754711921990175773/Angor.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:8"><p>Litteral, Robert (1997). "Organised Phonology Data" (PDF). SIL. Archived (PDF) from the original on 19 April 2022. <a href="https://www.sil.org/system/files/reapdata/14/88/21/148821957157599136375754711921990175773/Angor.pdf" target="_blank">https://www.sil.org/system/files/reapdata/14/88/21/148821957157599136375754711921990175773/Angor.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:8" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:9"><p>Foley, William A. (2018). "The Languages of the Sepik-Ramu Basin and Environs". In Palmer, Bill (ed.). The Languages and Linguistics of the New Guinea Area: A Comprehensive Guide. The World of Linguistics. Vol. 4. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton. pp. 197–432. ISBN 978-3-11-028642-7. <a href="978-3-11-028642-7" target="_blank">978-3-11-028642-7</a> <a href="#fnref:9" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:10"><p>Foley did not explicitly label these as close-mid, but they are written higher than /ə/ in the vowel diagram. <a href="#fnref:10" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:11"><p>Foley did not explicitly label these as close-mid, but they are written higher than /ə/ in the vowel diagram. <a href="#fnref:11" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:12"><p>/o.u/ is technically a vowel sequence <a href="#fnref:12" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:13"><p>Litteral, Robert (1997). "Organised Phonology Data" (PDF). SIL. Archived (PDF) from the original on 19 April 2022. <a href="https://www.sil.org/system/files/reapdata/14/88/21/148821957157599136375754711921990175773/Angor.pdf" target="_blank">https://www.sil.org/system/files/reapdata/14/88/21/148821957157599136375754711921990175773/Angor.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:13" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> </ol>