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Smoke grenade
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<h2 id="design">Design</h2> <p>A typical design consists of a sheet <a href="/facts/Steel/aN6qWo4H">steel</a> cylinder with four emission holes on top and one on the bottom to allow smoke release when the grenade is ignited. The filler consists of 250 to 350 grams of <a href="/facts/Colored_smoke/X0uNIakb">colored</a> <a href="/facts/Smoke_composition/Vj9u0w0v">smoke composition</a> (mostly <a href="/facts/Potassium_chlorate/rARLS99c">potassium chlorate</a>, <a href="/facts/Lactose/lBa5ozYk">lactose</a>, and a <a href="/facts/Dye/a1NSlcsG">dye</a>) in virtually any color. White smoke grenades typically use <a href="/facts/Hexachloroethane/0JhThRPR">hexachloroethane</a>-zinc and granular aluminum. The reaction is <a href="/facts/Exothermic/gCuSvpa4">exothermic</a> and though they remain intact, smoke grenade casings will often remain scalding hot for some time even after the grenade is no longer emitting smoke. Although modern smoke grenades are designed not to directly emit fire or sparks, they remain a <a href="/facts/Fire_hazard/uJMCXTU8">fire hazard</a> and are capable of igniting dry vegetation or flammable substances if used carelessly. </p><p>Another type of smoke grenade is the bursting variation. These are filled with <a href="/facts/White_phosphorus_incendiary/uT325YGE">white phosphorus</a> (WP), a <a href="/facts/Pyrophoric/1b8Sl2AJ">pyrophoric</a> agent that is spread quickly into a cloud by an internal bursting charge. White phosphorus burns with a brilliant yellow flame while producing copious amounts of white smoke (<a href="/facts/Phosphorus_pentoxide/GKTSUNqS">phosphorus pentoxide</a>). This type of smoke grenade is favored for its ability to produce a very dense and nearly instantaneous cloud of white concealment smoke as compared to the more common solid-filler grenades which expel a slower stream of smoke over a period of roughly 1 minute. For this reason, they are favored for use in onboard grenade launching attachments on <a href="/facts/Armored_vehicles/vz5Js71F">armored vehicles</a>, which require extremely fast concealment in the event they are targeted by anti-armor weaponry and need to rapidly retreat. </p> <h2 id="use">Use</h2> <p>Smoke grenades are used for several purposes. The primary use is the creation of <a href="/facts/Smoke_screens/s0Wre6Iq">smoke screens</a> for concealment and the signaling of aircraft. </p><p>If movement (such as <a href="/facts/Flanking_maneuver/QpkIXjLe">flanking maneuvers</a> or <a href="/facts/Withdrawal_(military)/NzplzWdF">retreat</a>) is necessary, smoke grenades can be thrown prior to movement in order to provide a wall of visual distraction that reduces the accuracy of enemy fire and temporarily deceives them as to the force's location. </p><p>Smoke grenades can also be used to signal aircraft. Since locating a target from above (especially in thick forest canopy) can be nearly impossible, even with good radio contact, colored smoke grenades are often used to allow aircraft to spot them. Colored signaling smoke grenades <a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:4" href="#fn:4"><sup>4</sup></a> are widely used in <a href="/facts/CASEVAC/kVvtCKpQ">CASEVAC</a> and <a href="/facts/Close_air_support/buqaXGIp">close air support</a> situations where quickly locating friendly ground forces is of paramount importance. Common colors are red, yellow, green and purple, and all use very brightly colored dyes to increase the likelihood of being spotted from above. </p> <h2 id="other-uses">Other uses</h2> <p>Smoke grenades are functionally identical to many forms of <a href="/facts/United_States_hand_grenades/8PsIpq5f">chemical grenades</a> (such as <a href="/facts/CS_gas/QaYPnRr1">CS gas</a> <a href="/facts/Riot_control/fLPhtA54">riot control</a> grenades) and <a href="/facts/United_States_hand_grenades/8PsIpq5f">incendiary grenades</a> (such as <a href="/facts/Thermite/vIbVld9Y">thermite</a> grenades) which use a fuse to ignite a solid filler inside a steel canister, which then slowly propels the combustion products out through holes in the canister as the contents burn. However, the smoke grenade class is restricted to signaling and concealment under the <a href="/facts/Law_of_war/utYdPbBD">law of war</a>, and thus they are not considered weapons; since the vast majority are non-explosive, they remain legal for civilian use and ownership in most countries. </p><p>Since the basic design of a smoke grenade (a metal canister containing a substance that burns and expels smoke when ignited) is simple, improvised smoke grenade-like devices are ubiquitous across the world. Protestors, football spectators, and <a href="/facts/Airsoft/vxYvN116">airsoft</a> enthusiasts often create their own smoke grenades using common materials. </p> <h2 id="smoke-grenades-by-country">Smoke grenades by country</h2> <ul><li> <a href="/facts/Argentina/aFSA5bAk">Argentina</a>: <ul><li><a href="/facts/M34_grenade/gHAjtRlq">M34 White Phosphorus Smoke Grenade</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:5" href="#fn:5"><sup>5</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Fabricaciones_Militares/FF1PB0BS">Fabricaciones Militares</a> HC smoke hand grenade<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:6" href="#fn:6"><sup>6</sup></a></li></ul></li> <li> <a href="/facts/Australia/qLHpbppq">Australia</a>: <ul><li>No. 80 Mk 1 White Phosphorus Smoke Hand Grenade<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:7" href="#fn:7"><sup>7</sup></a></li> <li>Smarex coloured smoke hand grenade series<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:8" href="#fn:8"><sup>8</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/M18_smoke_grenade/4XyQvlBh">M18 Colored Smoke Hand Grenade series</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:9" href="#fn:9"><sup>9</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:10" href="#fn:10"><sup>10</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/M34_grenade/gHAjtRlq">M34 White Phosphorus Smoke Grenade</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:11" href="#fn:11"><sup>11</sup></a></li> <li>A101 Coloured Smoke Grenade series<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:12" href="#fn:12"><sup>12</sup></a></li> <li>A200 Compact Coloured Smoke Grenade series<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:13" href="#fn:13"><sup>13</sup></a></li></ul></li> <li> <a href="/facts/Austria/4qWIMIyc">Austria</a>: <ul><li>Nebelgranate 75<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:14" href="#fn:14"><sup>14</sup></a></li></ul></li> <li> <a href="/facts/Barbados/ywYtqmRB">Barbados</a>: <ul><li>N150 Low Toxicity Smoke Screening Hand Grenade<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:15" href="#fn:15"><sup>15</sup></a></li></ul></li> <li> <a href="/facts/Belgium/YKuMXP5j">Belgium</a>: <ul><li>No. 83 Smoke Hand Grenade series<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:16" href="#fn:16"><sup>16</sup></a></li> <li>M3BG white phosphorus smoke grenade<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:17" href="#fn:17"><sup>17</sup></a></li> <li>M48BG-M52BG white phosphorus smoke grenade series<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:18" href="#fn:18"><sup>18</sup></a></li> <li>M68 signal smoke hand grenade series<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:19" href="#fn:19"><sup>19</sup></a></li> <li>Nr 11 red smoke hand grenade<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:20" href="#fn:20"><sup>20</sup></a></li> <li>NR 405A1 white phosphorus smoke hand grenade<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:21" href="#fn:21"><sup>21</sup></a></li></ul></li> <li> <a href="/facts/Brazil/QHkG46GL">Brazil</a>: <ul><li>Condor SS-601<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:22" href="#fn:22"><sup>22</sup></a></li></ul></li> <li> <a href="/facts/Bulgaria/Er5pY3YS">Bulgaria</a>: <ul><li><a href="/facts/Arsenal_AD/Je1aQFAK">Arsenal</a> GH-SMK-2-W red phosphorus smoke hand grenade<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:23" href="#fn:23"><sup>23</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Arsenal_AD/Je1aQFAK">Arsenal</a> GH-SMK coloured smoke hand grenade series (Grey or metallic body with coloured stripe)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:24" href="#fn:24"><sup>24</sup></a></li> <li>Bulcomers Ks GH-SMK coloured smoke hand grenade series (Brown body with coloured label)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:25" href="#fn:25"><sup>25</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:26" href="#fn:26"><sup>26</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:27" href="#fn:27"><sup>27</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:28" href="#fn:28"><sup>28</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:29" href="#fn:29"><sup>29</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:30" href="#fn:30"><sup>30</sup></a></li></ul></li> <li> <a href="/facts/Canada/cWWFM8oc">Canada</a>: <ul><li><a href="/facts/No_77_grenade/HuBcbxoY">No. 77 Mk 1/Mk 2 White Phosphorus Smoke Hand Grenade</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:31" href="#fn:31"><sup>31</sup></a></li> <li>No. 80 Mk 1 White Phosphorus Smoke Hand Grenade<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:32" href="#fn:32"><sup>32</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:33" href="#fn:33"><sup>33</sup></a></li> <li>No. 83 Coloured/Signal Smoke Hand Grenade series<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:34" href="#fn:34"><sup>34</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:35" href="#fn:35"><sup>35</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:36" href="#fn:36"><sup>36</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:37" href="#fn:37"><sup>37</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:38" href="#fn:38"><sup>38</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:39" href="#fn:39"><sup>39</sup></a></li> <li>C3 Coloured Smoke Hand Grenade series<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:40" href="#fn:40"><sup>40</sup></a></li> <li>C1 HC Smoke Hand Grenade series<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:41" href="#fn:41"><sup>41</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:42" href="#fn:42"><sup>42</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:43" href="#fn:43"><sup>43</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:44" href="#fn:44"><sup>44</sup></a></li> <li>Pains Wessex Coloured Smoke Mini Grenade series<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:45" href="#fn:45"><sup>45</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:46" href="#fn:46"><sup>46</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:47" href="#fn:47"><sup>47</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:48" href="#fn:48"><sup>48</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:49" href="#fn:49"><sup>49</sup></a></li> <li>C8 Coloured Smoke Hand Grenade series<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:50" href="#fn:50"><sup>50</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:51" href="#fn:51"><sup>51</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:52" href="#fn:52"><sup>52</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:53" href="#fn:53"><sup>53</sup></a></li> <li>L83A1 Smoke Hand Grenade<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:54" href="#fn:54"><sup>54</sup></a></li></ul></li> <li> <a href="/facts/Chile/uEyTfEcx">Chile</a>: <ul><li>P-700 coloured smoke hand grenade series<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:55" href="#fn:55"><sup>55</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:56" href="#fn:56"><sup>56</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:57" href="#fn:57"><sup>57</sup></a></li></ul></li> <li> <a href="/facts/China/lTjIXY5p">China</a>: <ul><li>FSL-01<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:58" href="#fn:58"><sup>58</sup></a></li> <li>FSL-02<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:59" href="#fn:59"><sup>59</sup></a></li></ul></li> <li> <a href="/facts/Denmark/KVtykzsw">Denmark</a>: <ul><li><a href="/facts/No_77_grenade/HuBcbxoY">Røghåndbombe Nr.77</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:60" href="#fn:60"><sup>60</sup></a></li> <li>Røghåndbombe Nr.80<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:61" href="#fn:61"><sup>61</sup></a></li> <li>Røghåndbombe M/53<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:62" href="#fn:62"><sup>62</sup></a></li> <li>Røghåndgranat M/57<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:63" href="#fn:63"><sup>63</sup></a></li> <li>Røghåndbombe M/77<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:64" href="#fn:64"><sup>64</sup></a></li> <li>Røghåndbombe M/93<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:65" href="#fn:65"><sup>65</sup></a></li></ul></li> <li> <a href="/facts/Estonia/PVjB16TI">Estonia</a>: <ul><li>L84A3 Red Phosphorus Smoke Hand Grenade (SPIRCO)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:66" href="#fn:66"><sup>66</sup></a></li></ul></li> <li> <a href="/facts/Germany/paluuWBX">Germany</a>: <ul><li><a href="/facts/Stielhandgranate/l2fkzHMW">Nebelhandgranate 39</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:67" href="#fn:67"><sup>67</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:68" href="#fn:68"><sup>68</sup></a></li> <li>Nebelkerze 39 series<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:69" href="#fn:69"><sup>69</sup></a></li> <li>Nebelhandgranate 41<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:70" href="#fn:70"><sup>70</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:71" href="#fn:71"><sup>71</sup></a></li> <li>Nebeleihandgranate 42<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:72" href="#fn:72"><sup>72</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:73" href="#fn:73"><sup>73</sup></a></li> <li>Blendkörper 14<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:74" href="#fn:74"><sup>74</sup></a></li> <li>Blendkörper 24<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:75" href="#fn:75"><sup>75</sup></a></li> <li>Handrauchzeichen coloured hand smoke signal series<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:76" href="#fn:76"><sup>76</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:77" href="#fn:77"><sup>77</sup></a></li> <li>Rauchsichtzeichen Orange<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:78" href="#fn:78"><sup>78</sup></a></li> <li>DM25 KM smoke hand grenade<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:79" href="#fn:79"><sup>79</sup></a></li> <li>SPIRCO Red Phosphorus Smoke Hand Grenade<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:80" href="#fn:80"><sup>80</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:81" href="#fn:81"><sup>81</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:82" href="#fn:82"><sup>82</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:83" href="#fn:83"><sup>83</sup></a> <ul><li>L84A3 Red Phosphorus Smoke Hand Grenade<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:84" href="#fn:84"><sup>84</sup></a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/facts/Rheinmetall/34KXkyc2">Rheinmetall</a> KM smoke hand grenade<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:85" href="#fn:85"><sup>85</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:86" href="#fn:86"><sup>86</sup></a></li> <li>Rheinmetall NT smoke hand grenade<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:87" href="#fn:87"><sup>87</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:88" href="#fn:88"><sup>88</sup></a></li> <li>RASMO Rapid Smoke Hand Grenade<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:89" href="#fn:89"><sup>89</sup></a></li></ul></li> <li> <a href="/facts/Greece/lqHw8bTB">Greece</a>: <ul><li>EM-04<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:90" href="#fn:90"><sup>90</sup></a></li> <li>EM-12<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:91" href="#fn:91"><sup>91</sup></a></li></ul></li> <li> <a href="/facts/Honduras/75jMlRQ1">Honduras</a>: <ul><li><a href="/facts/M18_smoke_grenade/4XyQvlBh">M18 Colored Smoke Hand Grenade series</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:92" href="#fn:92"><sup>92</sup></a>[<i>better source needed</i>]</li></ul></li> <li> <a href="/facts/India/1kKHcnxM">India</a>: <ul><li><a href="/facts/Ordnance_Factory_Board/shqzAq2s">Ordnance Factory Board</a> Smoke Hand Grenade series<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:93" href="#fn:93"><sup>93</sup></a></li> <li>Anti-thermal Anti-laser Smoke Grenade<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:94" href="#fn:94"><sup>94</sup></a></li> <li>Incapacitating Smoke Grenade<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:95" href="#fn:95"><sup>95</sup></a></li> <li>CR Grenade<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:96" href="#fn:96"><sup>96</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Chili_grenade/tqbSVxyg">Chili grenade</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:97" href="#fn:97"><sup>97</sup></a></li></ul></li> <li> <a href="/facts/Republic_of_Ireland/k8JzXVze">Ireland</a>: <ul><li>N150 Low Toxicity Smoke Screening Hand Grenade<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:98" href="#fn:98"><sup>98</sup></a>[<i>better source needed</i>]</li></ul></li> <li> <a href="/facts/Netherlands/y8xn5stT">Netherlands</a>: <ul><li><a href="/facts/No_77_grenade/HuBcbxoY">No. 77 Rookhandgranaat</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:99" href="#fn:99"><sup>99</sup></a></li> <li>Nr 7 HC smoke hand grenade series<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:100" href="#fn:100"><sup>100</sup></a></li> <li>Nr 9 yellow smoke hand grenade<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:101" href="#fn:101"><sup>101</sup></a></li> <li>Nr 10 green smoke hand grenade<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:102" href="#fn:102"><sup>102</sup></a></li> <li>Nr 11 red smoke hand grenade<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:103" href="#fn:103"><sup>103</sup></a></li> <li>Nr 22 coloured smoke hand grenade series<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:104" href="#fn:104"><sup>104</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:105" href="#fn:105"><sup>105</sup></a></li> <li>L68-L71 and L100-L101 Signal Smoke Hand Grenade series (No 83 Mk 4 type)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:106" href="#fn:106"><sup>106</sup></a></li> <li>N150 Low Toxicity Smoke Screening Hand Grenade (No 83 Mk 4 type)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:107" href="#fn:107"><sup>107</sup></a></li> <li>Nr 23 white phosphorus smoke hand grenade<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:108" href="#fn:108"><sup>108</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:109" href="#fn:109"><sup>109</sup></a></li> <li>Nr 700 coloured smoke hand grenade series (Rheinmetall NT type)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:110" href="#fn:110"><sup>110</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:111" href="#fn:111"><sup>111</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:112" href="#fn:112"><sup>112</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:113" href="#fn:113"><sup>113</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:114" href="#fn:114"><sup>114</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:115" href="#fn:115"><sup>115</sup></a></li></ul></li> <li> <a href="/facts/New_Zealand/4mpSlJdg">New Zealand</a>: <ul><li><a href="/facts/M18_smoke_grenade/4XyQvlBh">M18 Colored Smoke Hand Grenade series</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:116" href="#fn:116"><sup>116</sup></a></li></ul></li> <li> <a href="/facts/Nigeria/gbW17BX8">Nigeria</a>: <ul><li>No. 80 Mk 1 White Phosphorus Smoke Hand Grenade<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:117" href="#fn:117"><sup>117</sup></a></li></ul></li> <li> <a href="/facts/Norway/wlDRKRTR">Norway</a>: <ul><li><a href="/facts/AN-M8_smoke_grenade/j9DAwf4Q">AN-M8 HC Smoke Grenade</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:118" href="#fn:118"><sup>118</sup></a></li> <li>M8 HC Røyk Hånd Granat<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:119" href="#fn:119"><sup>119</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:120" href="#fn:120"><sup>120</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:121" href="#fn:121"><sup>121</sup></a></li> <li>M88 HC Røyk Hånd Granat<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:122" href="#fn:122"><sup>122</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:123" href="#fn:123"><sup>123</sup></a></li> <li>No. 83 Mk 1-Mk 4 Coloured/Signal Smoke Hand Grenade series<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:124" href="#fn:124"><sup>124</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:125" href="#fn:125"><sup>125</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:126" href="#fn:126"><sup>126</sup></a></li> <li>NM239 Røyk Hånd Granat<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:127" href="#fn:127"><sup>127</sup></a></li> <li>NM248 <a href="/facts/Titanium_tetrachloride/bGS32SsD">TTC</a> Røyk Hånd Granat<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:128" href="#fn:128"><sup>128</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:129" href="#fn:129"><sup>129</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:130" href="#fn:130"><sup>130</sup></a></li> <li>TTC Smoke Hand Grenade (Commercial version of NM248)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:131" href="#fn:131"><sup>131</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:132" href="#fn:132"><sup>132</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:133" href="#fn:133"><sup>133</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:134" href="#fn:134"><sup>134</sup></a></li> <li>DM 45 HC smoke hand grenade<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:135" href="#fn:135"><sup>135</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:136" href="#fn:136"><sup>136</sup></a></li> <li>Defense Technology Military-Style Smoke Grenade series<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:137" href="#fn:137"><sup>137</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:138" href="#fn:138"><sup>138</sup></a></li></ul></li> <li> <a href="/facts/Pakistan/cbIsvJy1">Pakistan</a>: <ul><li>P3 MK1 WP Smoke Grenade<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:139" href="#fn:139"><sup>139</sup></a></li> <li>MK1 Target Indication Smoke Grenade series<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:140" href="#fn:140"><sup>140</sup></a></li> <li>MK2 Target Indication Smoke Grenade series<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:141" href="#fn:141"><sup>141</sup></a></li></ul></li> <li> <a href="/facts/Poland/eXJ7fd0D">Poland</a>: <ul><li>RGD-2<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:142" href="#fn:142"><sup>142</sup></a></li></ul></li> <li> <a href="/facts/Rhodesia/JHQJpmdj">Rhodesia</a>: <ul><li>No. 80 Mk 1 White Phosphorus Smoke Hand Grenade<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:143" href="#fn:143"><sup>143</sup></a></li> <li>M970 White Phosphorus Smoke Hand Grenade<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:144" href="#fn:144"><sup>144</sup></a></li></ul></li> <li> <a href="/facts/Russia/jfkCwyxn">Russia</a>: <ul><li>RGD-2<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:145" href="#fn:145"><sup>145</sup></a></li></ul></li> <li> <a href="/facts/South_Africa/vvXQpLgq">South Africa</a>: <ul><li>M970 White Phosphorus Smoke Hand Grenade<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:146" href="#fn:146"><sup>146</sup></a></li> <li>No. 83 Smoke Hand Grenade series<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:147" href="#fn:147"><sup>147</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:148" href="#fn:148"><sup>148</sup></a></li> <li>R1M1 White Phosphorus Smoke Hand Grenade<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:149" href="#fn:149"><sup>149</sup></a></li> <li>M854A1 Coloured Smoke Hand Grenade series<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:150" href="#fn:150"><sup>150</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:151" href="#fn:151"><sup>151</sup></a></li> <li>Red Phosphorus Hand Grenade<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:152" href="#fn:152"><sup>152</sup></a></li> <li>M0234 Coloured Smoke Hand Grenade series<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:153" href="#fn:153"><sup>153</sup></a></li> <li>M0251 Screening Smoke Hand Grenade<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:154" href="#fn:154"><sup>154</sup></a></li></ul></li> <li> <a href="/facts/South_Korea/pCobAaVw">South Korea</a>: <ul><li>KM8 HC Smoke Hand Grenade<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:155" href="#fn:155"><sup>155</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:156" href="#fn:156"><sup>156</sup></a></li> <li>KM18 Colored Smoke Hand Grenade series<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:157" href="#fn:157"><sup>157</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:158" href="#fn:158"><sup>158</sup></a></li></ul></li> <li> <a href="/facts/Spain/bIyrB8EY">Spain</a>: <ul><li>A.T.F.-1 <a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:159" href="#fn:159"><sup>159</sup></a></li></ul></li> <li> <a href="/facts/Sweden/u3qC7lyj">Sweden</a>: <ul><li>Rökhandgranat m/1937<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:160" href="#fn:160"><sup>160</sup></a></li> <li>Rökhandgranat m/49<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:161" href="#fn:161"><sup>161</sup></a></li> <li>Rökhandgranat m/51<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:162" href="#fn:162"><sup>162</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:163" href="#fn:163"><sup>163</sup></a></li> <li>Rökhandgranat m/56<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:164" href="#fn:164"><sup>164</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:165" href="#fn:165"><sup>165</sup></a></li> <li>Rökhandgranat 05 (SPIRCO type)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:166" href="#fn:166"><sup>166</sup></a></li></ul></li> <li> <a href="/facts/Turkey/KIYAWAs0">Turkey</a>: <ul><li><a href="/facts/Mechanical_and_Chemical_Industry_Corporation/u55bh3TN">MKE</a> Renkli Sis Kutusu/Colored Smoke Can series<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:167" href="#fn:167"><sup>167</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:168" href="#fn:168"><sup>168</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:169" href="#fn:169"><sup>169</sup></a></li> <li>MKE Sis El Bombası/Smoke Hand-Grenade<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:170" href="#fn:170"><sup>170</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:171" href="#fn:171"><sup>171</sup></a></li></ul></li> <li> <a href="/facts/Ukraine/Qof0uqAj">Ukraine</a> <ul><li>L84A3 Red Phosphorus Smoke Hand Grenade (SPIRCO)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:172" href="#fn:172"><sup>172</sup></a>[<i>better source needed</i>]</li></ul></li> <li> <a href="/facts/United_Kingdom/kuPAILt2">United Kingdom</a> (To include <a href="/facts/British_Overseas_Territories/fUjVAy3E">British Overseas Territories</a>): <ul><li><a href="/facts/No_77_grenade/HuBcbxoY">No. 77 Mk 1/Mk 2 White Phosphorus Smoke Hand Grenade</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:173" href="#fn:173"><sup>173</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:174" href="#fn:174"><sup>174</sup></a></li> <li>No. 79 Mk 1/Mk 2 Smoke Hand Grenade<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:175" href="#fn:175"><sup>175</sup></a></li> <li>No. 80 Mk 1 White Phosphorus Smoke Hand Grenade<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:176" href="#fn:176"><sup>176</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:177" href="#fn:177"><sup>177</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:178" href="#fn:178"><sup>178</sup></a></li> <li>No. 81 Mk 1 White Phosphorus Smoke Hand Grenade<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:179" href="#fn:179"><sup>179</sup></a></li> <li>No. 83 Mk 1-Mk 4 Coloured/Signal Smoke Hand Grenade series<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:180" href="#fn:180"><sup>180</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:181" href="#fn:181"><sup>181</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:182" href="#fn:182"><sup>182</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:183" href="#fn:183"><sup>183</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:184" href="#fn:184"><sup>184</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:185" href="#fn:185"><sup>185</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:186" href="#fn:186"><sup>186</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:187" href="#fn:187"><sup>187</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:188" href="#fn:188"><sup>188</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:189" href="#fn:189"><sup>189</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:190" href="#fn:190"><sup>190</sup></a></li> <li>L35-L38 Signal Smoke Hand Grenade series<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:191" href="#fn:191"><sup>191</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:192" href="#fn:192"><sup>192</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:193" href="#fn:193"><sup>193</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:194" href="#fn:194"><sup>194</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:195" href="#fn:195"><sup>195</sup></a></li> <li>L52-L55 Signal Smoke Hand Grenade series<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:196" href="#fn:196"><sup>196</sup></a></li> <li>L64-L67 Signal Smoke Hand Grenade series<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:197" href="#fn:197"><sup>197</sup></a></li> <li>L68-L71 and L100-L101 Signal Smoke Hand Grenade series (No 83 Mk 4 type)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:198" href="#fn:198"><sup>198</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:199" href="#fn:199"><sup>199</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:200" href="#fn:200"><sup>200</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:201" href="#fn:201"><sup>201</sup></a></li> <li>L83A1/A2 Training Smoke Screening Hand Grenade (No 83 Mk 4 type)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:202" href="#fn:202"><sup>202</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:203" href="#fn:203"><sup>203</sup></a></li> <li>N150 Low Toxicity Smoke Screening Hand Grenade (Commercial version of L83)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:204" href="#fn:204"><sup>204</sup></a></li> <li>L84A1-A3 Red Phosphorus Smoke Screening Hand Grenade (SPIRCO)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:205" href="#fn:205"><sup>205</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:206" href="#fn:206"><sup>206</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:207" href="#fn:207"><sup>207</sup></a></li> <li>N321 Screening Bursting Hand Grenade (Commercial)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:208" href="#fn:208"><sup>208</sup></a></li> <li>N322 Red Phosphorus Screening Bursting Hand Grenade (Commercial)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:209" href="#fn:209"><sup>209</sup></a></li> <li>L132A1/A2 Smoke Screening Hand Grenade<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:210" href="#fn:210"><sup>210</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:211" href="#fn:211"><sup>211</sup></a></li> <li>N451/A Compact Screening Smoke Hand Grenade (Commercial version of L132)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:212" href="#fn:212"><sup>212</sup></a></li> <li>L152-L158 Signal Smoke Hand Grenade series</li> <li>N431-N437 Compact Signal Smoke Hand Grenade series (Commercial version of L152-L158)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:213" href="#fn:213"><sup>213</sup></a></li> <li>N441/A-N448/A Compact Signal Smoke Hand Grenade series (Commercial)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:214" href="#fn:214"><sup>214</sup></a></li> <li>N461-N468 Compact Signal Smoke Hand Grenade series (Commercial)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:215" href="#fn:215"><sup>215</sup></a></li> <li>Primetake Military Smoke Grenade series (Commercial)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:216" href="#fn:216"><sup>216</sup></a></li> <li>Primetake PT4541 38mm Screening Smoke Grenade series (Commercial)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:217" href="#fn:217"><sup>217</sup></a></li> <li>Primetake PT4540 63mm Screening Smoke Grenade series (Commercial)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:218" href="#fn:218"><sup>218</sup></a></li> <li>CTX Screening Smoke Hand Grenade (Commercial)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:219" href="#fn:219"><sup>219</sup></a></li></ul></li> <li> <a href="/facts/United_States/P0sCdLe5">United States</a>: <ul><li><a href="/facts/United_States_hand_grenades/8PsIpq5f">M1 Frangible Grenade</a> (When used with FS filler)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:220" href="#fn:220"><sup>220</sup></a></li> <li>M3 Red Smoke Grenade<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:221" href="#fn:221"><sup>221</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/AN-M8_smoke_grenade/j9DAwf4Q">AN-M8 HC Smoke Grenade</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:222" href="#fn:222"><sup>222</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:223" href="#fn:223"><sup>223</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/United_States_hand_grenades/8PsIpq5f">M15 White Phosphorus grenade</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:224" href="#fn:224"><sup>224</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:225" href="#fn:225"><sup>225</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/United_States_hand_grenades/8PsIpq5f">M16 Colored Smoke Hand Grenade series</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:226" href="#fn:226"><sup>226</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/M18_smoke_grenade/4XyQvlBh">M18 Colored Smoke Hand Grenade series</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:227" href="#fn:227"><sup>227</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:228" href="#fn:228"><sup>228</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:229" href="#fn:229"><sup>229</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/M34_grenade/gHAjtRlq">M34 White Phosphorus Smoke Grenade</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:230" href="#fn:230"><sup>230</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/United_States_hand_grenades/8PsIpq5f">M83 TA White Smoke Hand Grenade</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:231" href="#fn:231"><sup>231</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:232" href="#fn:232"><sup>232</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Smith_%26_Wesson/KUKnKWP9">Smith & Wesson</a> No .3 Military Type Continuous Discharge White Smoke HC Grenade (Commercial)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:233" href="#fn:233"><sup>233</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Federal_Laboratories/dv40912w">Federal Laboratories</a> M-8 White Smoke Grenade (Commercial)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:234" href="#fn:234"><sup>234</sup></a></li> <li>M106 Screening Obscuration Device<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:235" href="#fn:235"><sup>235</sup></a></li> <li>ALSG972 Continuous Discharge Smoke Grenade series (Commercial)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:236" href="#fn:236"><sup>236</sup></a></li> <li>ALSG978 Pocket Smoke Grenade series (Commercial)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:237" href="#fn:237"><sup>237</sup></a></li> <li>ALSG2978W White Smoke Baffled Triple Chamber Grenade (Commercial)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:238" href="#fn:238"><sup>238</sup></a></li> <li>ALSG275 Handball Smoke Grenade series (Commercial)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:239" href="#fn:239"><sup>239</sup></a></li> <li>ALSG973 Triple Action Smoke Grenade series (Commercial)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:240" href="#fn:240"><sup>240</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Combined_Systems,_Inc./smhnQGRh">Combined Systems</a> 5210 White Smoke Canister Grenade (Commercial)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:241" href="#fn:241"><sup>241</sup></a></li> <li>Combined Systems 5210JL Smoke Jet-Lite Canister Grenade (Commercial)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:242" href="#fn:242"><sup>242</sup></a></li> <li>Combined Systems 5211 White Smoke Triple Phaser Canister Grenade (Commercial)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:243" href="#fn:243"><sup>243</sup></a></li> <li>Combined Systems 6210 White Smoke Canister Grenade (Commercial)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:244" href="#fn:244"><sup>244</sup></a></li> <li>Combined Systems 8210 White Smoke Tactical Canister Grenade (Commercial)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:245" href="#fn:245"><sup>245</sup></a></li> <li>Defense Technology Military-Style Smoke Grenade series (Commercial)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:246" href="#fn:246"><sup>246</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:247" href="#fn:247"><sup>247</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:248" href="#fn:248"><sup>248</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:249" href="#fn:249"><sup>249</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:250" href="#fn:250"><sup>250</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:251" href="#fn:251"><sup>251</sup></a></li> <li>Defense Technology Pocket Tactical Smoke Grenade series (Commercial)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:252" href="#fn:252"><sup>252</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:253" href="#fn:253"><sup>253</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:254" href="#fn:254"><sup>254</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:255" href="#fn:255"><sup>255</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:256" href="#fn:256"><sup>256</sup></a></li> <li>Defense Technology Saf-Smoke Triple-Chaser Separating Canister (Commercial)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:257" href="#fn:257"><sup>257</sup></a></li> <li>Defense Technology Maximum HC Smoke Canister series (Commercial)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:258" href="#fn:258"><sup>258</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:259" href="#fn:259"><sup>259</sup></a></li> <li>Defense Technology Saf-Smoke Han-Ball Grenade (Commercial)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:260" href="#fn:260"><sup>260</sup></a></li> <li>Defense Technology Flameless Tri-Chamber Saf-Smoke Grenade (Commercial)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:261" href="#fn:261"><sup>261</sup></a></li> <li>MP-1-xx Color Smoke Grenade series (Commercial)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:262" href="#fn:262"><sup>262</sup></a></li> <li>MP-2-xx Color Smoke Grenade series (Commercial)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:263" href="#fn:263"><sup>263</sup></a></li> <li>MP-2B-xx Color Smoke Grenade series (Commercial)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:264" href="#fn:264"><sup>264</sup></a></li> <li>MP-15-xx Color Smoke Grenade series (Commercial)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:265" href="#fn:265"><sup>265</sup></a></li> <li>MP-2S-xx Color Smoke Grenade series (Commercial)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:266" href="#fn:266"><sup>266</sup></a></li> <li>MP-2S-HC Screening Smoke Grenade (Commercial)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:267" href="#fn:267"><sup>267</sup></a></li></ul></li></ul> <h2 id="see-also">See also</h2> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Smoke_bomb/eMRL1xRU">Smoke bomb</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Smoke_shell/a51oDRdu">Smoke shell</a></li></ul> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>BACTEC International Limited. "Potential Sources of Allied UXO" (PDF). WSP UK Limited. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 June 2020. Retrieved 20 June 2020. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200622084052/https://myplanning.warrington.gov.uk/Planning/StreamDocPage/obj.pdf?DocNo=7882065&PageNo=1&content=obj.pdf" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20200622084052/https://myplanning.warrington.gov.uk/Planning/StreamDocPage/obj.pdf?DocNo=7882065&PageNo=1&content=obj.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>"M18 Smoke Hand Grenade". Project Manager Close Combat Systems. Retrieved 20 July 2021. <a href="https://www.pica.army.mil/pmccs/CombatMunitions/Grenades/Smoke/M18SmokeHand.html" target="_blank">https://www.pica.army.mil/pmccs/CombatMunitions/Grenades/Smoke/M18SmokeHand.html</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>Coupe, Georgina (13 December 2019). "Guide To Understanding Military Jargon And Acronyms". Forces Network. Retrieved 25 November 2022. <a href="https://www.forces.net/military-life/fun/guide-understanding-military-jargon-and-acronyms" target="_blank">https://www.forces.net/military-life/fun/guide-understanding-military-jargon-and-acronyms</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>"Smoke Grenades and bombs For Airsoft, Paintball, Photography". Socom Tactical Airsoft. Retrieved 2020-11-25. <a href="https://www.socomtactical.net/product-category/airsoft-accessories-and-parts/airsoft-grenades-pyros/smoke-grenades/" target="_blank">https://www.socomtactical.net/product-category/airsoft-accessories-and-parts/airsoft-grenades-pyros/smoke-grenades/</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>"M34 WP smoke". <a href="https://www.lexpev.nl/grenades/americas/argentina/m34wpsmoke.html" target="_blank">https://www.lexpev.nl/grenades/americas/argentina/m34wpsmoke.html</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:6"><p>"Cartuchosfm - FMK-5". <a href="https://cartuchosfm.es.tl/FMK_5-.-.htm" target="_blank">https://cartuchosfm.es.tl/FMK_5-.-.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:7"><p>"No 80 Mk 1 Inert Smoke Grenade". Australian War Memorial. Retrieved 27 November 2021. <a href="https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/C1236148" target="_blank">https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/C1236148</a> <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:8"><p>"Various products made made by the Pyrotechnic Section of the St Mary's Ammunition Factory". Australian War Memorial. Retrieved 27 November 2021. <a href="https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/C1142186" target="_blank">https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/C1142186</a> <a href="#fnref:8" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:9"><p>Lyles, Kevin (25 May 2004). Vietnam ANZACs: Australian & New Zealand Troops in Vietnam 1962-72. Osprey Publishing. ISBN 9781841767024. <a href="9781841767024" target="_blank">9781841767024</a> <a href="#fnref:9" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:10"><p>Gordon L. Rottman (26 Jan 2017). Vietnam War US & Allied Combat Equipments. Osprey Publishing. p. 44. ISBN 9781472819055. <a href="9781472819055" target="_blank">9781472819055</a> <a href="#fnref:10" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:11"><p>Lyles, Kevin (25 May 2004). Vietnam ANZACs: Australian & New Zealand Troops in Vietnam 1962-72. Osprey Publishing. ISBN 9781841767024. <a href="9781841767024" target="_blank">9781841767024</a> <a href="#fnref:11" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:12"><p>Chemring Australia. "Coloured Smoke Grenade Ascend A101 Series" (PDF). Retrieved 2021-07-20. <a href="/wiki/Chemring_Group" target="_blank">/wiki/Chemring_Group</a> <a href="#fnref:12" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:13"><p>Chemring Australia. "Compact Coloured Smoke Grenade Ascend A200 Series" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2015. Retrieved 20 July 2021. <a href="/wiki/Chemring_Group" target="_blank">/wiki/Chemring_Group</a> <a href="#fnref:13" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:14"><p>Wetz, Andreas (6 February 2009). "Nebelübung: Anrainer gefährdet?". Die Presse. Retrieved 7 February 2022. <a href="https://www.diepresse.com/450504/nebeluebung-anrainer-gefaehrdet" target="_blank">https://www.diepresse.com/450504/nebeluebung-anrainer-gefaehrdet</a> <a href="#fnref:14" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:15"><p>"Grenade Practice Range". Urban Exploration Resource. Archived from the original on 16 September 2016. Retrieved 25 July 2021. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160916063904/https://www.uer.ca/locations/show.asp?locid=24436" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20160916063904/https://www.uer.ca/locations/show.asp?locid=24436</a> <a href="#fnref:15" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:16"><p>"No.83 smoke". <a href="https://www.lexpev.nl/grenades/europe/belgium/no83smoke.html" target="_blank">https://www.lexpev.nl/grenades/europe/belgium/no83smoke.html</a> <a href="#fnref:16" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:17"><p>"M3BG Smoke WP". <a href="https://www.lexpev.nl/grenades/europe/belgium/m3bgsmokewp.html" target="_blank">https://www.lexpev.nl/grenades/europe/belgium/m3bgsmokewp.html</a> <a href="#fnref:17" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:18"><p>"M48BG / M50BG Smoke WP". <a href="https://www.lexpev.nl/grenades/europe/belgium/m48bgm50bgsmokewp.html" target="_blank">https://www.lexpev.nl/grenades/europe/belgium/m48bgm50bgsmokewp.html</a> <a href="#fnref:18" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:19"><p>"M68 Sig Smoke Red". <a href="https://www.lexpev.nl/grenades/europe/belgium/m68sigsmokered.html" target="_blank">https://www.lexpev.nl/grenades/europe/belgium/m68sigsmokered.html</a> <a href="#fnref:19" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:20"><p>"Nr11 smoke red". <a href="https://www.lexpev.nl/grenades/europe/netherlands/nr11smoke.html" target="_blank">https://www.lexpev.nl/grenades/europe/netherlands/nr11smoke.html</a> <a href="#fnref:20" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:21"><p>"M405A1 smoke WP". <a href="https://www.lexpev.nl/grenades/europe/belgium/m405a1smokewp.html" target="_blank">https://www.lexpev.nl/grenades/europe/belgium/m405a1smokewp.html</a> <a href="#fnref:21" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:22"><p>Condor. "SS-601 - Condor - Tecnologias Não Letais". Retrieved 20 July 2021. <a href="https://www.condornaoletal.com.br/ss-601/" target="_blank">https://www.condornaoletal.com.br/ss-601/</a> <a href="#fnref:22" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:23"><p>Arsenal JSCo. "GH-SMK-2-W". Retrieved 24 July 2021. <a href="/wiki/Arsenal_AD" target="_blank">/wiki/Arsenal_AD</a> <a href="#fnref:23" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:24"><p>Arsenal JSCo. "SMK-O, SMK-W, SMK-R, SMK-B, SMK-G, SMK-Y". Retrieved 24 July 2021. <a href="/wiki/Arsenal_AD" target="_blank">/wiki/Arsenal_AD</a> <a href="#fnref:24" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:25"><p>Bulcomers Ks. "Hand Grenade GH SMK-W - White Smoke Grenade". Retrieved 11 August 2021. <a href="https://bulcomersks.com/military-products/ammunition/hand-grenades/hand-grenade-gh-smk-w/" target="_blank">https://bulcomersks.com/military-products/ammunition/hand-grenades/hand-grenade-gh-smk-w/</a> <a href="#fnref:25" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:26"><p>Bulcomers Ks. "Hand Grenade GH SMK-R - Red Smoke Grenade". Retrieved 11 August 2021. <a href="https://bulcomersks.com/military-products/ammunition/hand-grenades/hand-grenade-gh-smk-r/" target="_blank">https://bulcomersks.com/military-products/ammunition/hand-grenades/hand-grenade-gh-smk-r/</a> <a href="#fnref:26" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:27"><p>Bulcomers Ks. "Hand Grenade GH SMK-O - Orange Smoke Grenade". Retrieved 11 August 2021. <a href="https://bulcomersks.com/military-products/ammunition/hand-grenades/hand-grenade-gh-smk-o/" target="_blank">https://bulcomersks.com/military-products/ammunition/hand-grenades/hand-grenade-gh-smk-o/</a> <a href="#fnref:27" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:28"><p>Bulcomers Ks. "Hand Grenade GH SMK-G - Green Smoke Grenade". Retrieved 11 August 2021. <a href="https://bulcomersks.com/military-products/ammunition/hand-grenades/hand-grenade-gh-smk-g/" target="_blank">https://bulcomersks.com/military-products/ammunition/hand-grenades/hand-grenade-gh-smk-g/</a> <a href="#fnref:28" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:29"><p>Bulcomers Ks. "Hand Grenade GH SMK-Blue - Blue Smoke Grenade". Retrieved 11 August 2021. <a href="https://bulcomersks.com/military-products/ammunition/hand-grenades/hand-grenade-gh-smk-blue/" target="_blank">https://bulcomersks.com/military-products/ammunition/hand-grenades/hand-grenade-gh-smk-blue/</a> <a href="#fnref:29" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:30"><p>Bulcomers Ks. "Hand Grenade GH SMK-Y - Yellow Smoke Grenade". Retrieved 11 August 2021. <a href="https://bulcomersks.com/military-products/ammunition/hand-grenades/hand-grenade-gh-smk-y/" target="_blank">https://bulcomersks.com/military-products/ammunition/hand-grenades/hand-grenade-gh-smk-y/</a> <a href="#fnref:30" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:31"><p>"smoke hand grenade". Canadian War Museum. Retrieved 27 November 2021. <a href="https://www.warmuseum.ca/collections/artifact/2034910" target="_blank">https://www.warmuseum.ca/collections/artifact/2034910</a> <a href="#fnref:31" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:32"><p>Department of National Defence (1976). B-GL-317-005/PT-001 Weapons, Volume 5, Grenades and Pyrotechnics. <a href="/wiki/Department_of_National_Defence_(Canada)" target="_blank">/wiki/Department_of_National_Defence_(Canada)</a> <a href="#fnref:32" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:33"><p>"smoke hand grenade". Canadian War Museum. Retrieved 27 November 2021. <a href="https://www.warmuseum.ca/collections/artifact/2035457" target="_blank">https://www.warmuseum.ca/collections/artifact/2035457</a> <a href="#fnref:33" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:34"><p>Department of National Defence (1976). B-GL-317-005/PT-001 Weapons, Volume 5, Grenades and Pyrotechnics. <a href="/wiki/Department_of_National_Defence_(Canada)" target="_blank">/wiki/Department_of_National_Defence_(Canada)</a> <a href="#fnref:34" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:35"><p>"No. 83 smoke". <a href="https://www.lexpev.nl/grenades/americas/canada/no83smoke.html" target="_blank">https://www.lexpev.nl/grenades/americas/canada/no83smoke.html</a> <a href="#fnref:35" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:36"><p>"smoke hand grenade". Canadian War Museum. Retrieved 27 November 2021. <a href="https://www.warmuseum.ca/collections/artifact/2034914" target="_blank">https://www.warmuseum.ca/collections/artifact/2034914</a> <a href="#fnref:36" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:37"><p>"smoke hand grenade". Canadian War Museum. Retrieved 27 November 2021. <a href="https://www.warmuseum.ca/collections/artifact/2036200" target="_blank">https://www.warmuseum.ca/collections/artifact/2036200</a> <a href="#fnref:37" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:38"><p>"smoke hand grenade". Canadian War Museum. Retrieved 27 November 2021. <a href="https://www.warmuseum.ca/collections/artifact/1990222" target="_blank">https://www.warmuseum.ca/collections/artifact/1990222</a> <a href="#fnref:38" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:39"><p>"smoke hand grenade". Canadian War Museum. Retrieved 27 November 2021. <a href="https://www.warmuseum.ca/collections/artifact/2036202" target="_blank">https://www.warmuseum.ca/collections/artifact/2036202</a> <a href="#fnref:39" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:40"><p>Department of National Defence (1976). B-GL-317-005/PT-001 Weapons, Volume 5, Grenades and Pyrotechnics. <a href="/wiki/Department_of_National_Defence_(Canada)" target="_blank">/wiki/Department_of_National_Defence_(Canada)</a> <a href="#fnref:40" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:41"><p>Department of National Defence (1976). B-GL-317-005/PT-001 Weapons, Volume 5, Grenades and Pyrotechnics. <a href="/wiki/Department_of_National_Defence_(Canada)" target="_blank">/wiki/Department_of_National_Defence_(Canada)</a> <a href="#fnref:41" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:42"><p>"HC smoke C1". <a href="https://www.lexpev.nl/grenades/americas/canada/hcsmokec1.html" target="_blank">https://www.lexpev.nl/grenades/americas/canada/hcsmokec1.html</a> <a href="#fnref:42" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:43"><p>"smoke hand grenade". Canadian War Museum. Retrieved 27 November 2021. <a href="https://www.warmuseum.ca/collections/artifact/2035118" target="_blank">https://www.warmuseum.ca/collections/artifact/2035118</a> <a href="#fnref:43" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:44"><p>"smoke hand grenade". Canadian War Museum. Retrieved 27 November 2021. <a href="https://www.warmuseum.ca/collections/artifact/1990224" target="_blank">https://www.warmuseum.ca/collections/artifact/1990224</a> <a href="#fnref:44" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:45"><p>Department of National Defence (1976). B-GL-317-005/PT-001 Weapons, Volume 5, Grenades and Pyrotechnics. <a href="/wiki/Department_of_National_Defence_(Canada)" target="_blank">/wiki/Department_of_National_Defence_(Canada)</a> <a href="#fnref:45" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:46"><p>"smoke hand grenade". Canadian War Museum. Retrieved 27 November 2021. <a href="https://www.warmuseum.ca/collections/artifact/2035472" target="_blank">https://www.warmuseum.ca/collections/artifact/2035472</a> <a href="#fnref:46" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:47"><p>"smoke hand grenade". Canadian War Museum. Retrieved 27 November 2021. <a href="https://www.warmuseum.ca/collections/artifact/2036198" target="_blank">https://www.warmuseum.ca/collections/artifact/2036198</a> <a href="#fnref:47" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:48"><p>"smoke hand grenade". Canadian War Museum. Retrieved 27 November 2021. <a href="https://www.warmuseum.ca/collections/artifact/2085556" target="_blank">https://www.warmuseum.ca/collections/artifact/2085556</a> <a href="#fnref:48" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:49"><p>"smoke hand grenade". Canadian War Museum. Retrieved 27 November 2021. <a href="https://www.warmuseum.ca/collections/artifact/2035470" target="_blank">https://www.warmuseum.ca/collections/artifact/2035470</a> <a href="#fnref:49" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:50"><p>General Dynamics Ordnance and Tactical Systems - Canada. "Pyrotechnics". Retrieved 2021-07-20. <a href="/wiki/General_Dynamics_Mission_Systems_-_Canada" target="_blank">/wiki/General_Dynamics_Mission_Systems_-_Canada</a> <a href="#fnref:50" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:51"><p>HFI Pyrotechnics. "C8 Smoke Grenade Commercial Datasheet" (PDF). Retrieved 30 July 2021. <a href="https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5caf970de8ba44cf3060c1a5/t/5d26172b74640e00015d637a/1562777387522/C8+Smoke+Grenade+Commercial+Datasheet+-+Version+1.0.pdf" target="_blank">https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5caf970de8ba44cf3060c1a5/t/5d26172b74640e00015d637a/1562777387522/C8+Smoke+Grenade+Commercial+Datasheet+-+Version+1.0.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:51" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:52"><p>"C-8 coloured smoke". <a href="https://www.lexpev.nl/grenades/americas/canada/c8colouredsmoke.html" target="_blank">https://www.lexpev.nl/grenades/americas/canada/c8colouredsmoke.html</a> <a href="#fnref:52" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:53"><p>"smoke hand grenade". Canadian War Museum. Retrieved 27 November 2021. <a href="https://www.warmuseum.ca/collections/artifact/2090341" target="_blank">https://www.warmuseum.ca/collections/artifact/2090341</a> <a href="#fnref:53" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:54"><p>General Dynamics Ordnance and Tactical Systems - Canada. "Pyrotechnics". Retrieved 2021-07-20. <a href="/wiki/General_Dynamics_Mission_Systems_-_Canada" target="_blank">/wiki/General_Dynamics_Mission_Systems_-_Canada</a> <a href="#fnref:54" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:55"><p>FAMAE. "Granada de Mano de Humo" (PDF). Retrieved 9 August 2021. <a href="/wiki/FAMAE" target="_blank">/wiki/FAMAE</a> <a href="#fnref:55" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:56"><p>FAMAE. "Memorial Anual 2016" (PDF). Retrieved 10 August 2021. <a href="/wiki/FAMAE" target="_blank">/wiki/FAMAE</a> <a href="#fnref:56" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:57"><p>FAMAE. "Memorial Anual 2017" (PDF). Retrieved 10 August 2021. <a href="/wiki/FAMAE" target="_blank">/wiki/FAMAE</a> <a href="#fnref:57" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:58"><p>"making smoke: introduction to smoke grenade" (in Chinese). 23 June 2019. Archived from the original on 2 September 2021. Retrieved 16 September 2022. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210902225722/http://www.hanmyy.com/dushubaogao/2019/0623/508862.html" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20210902225722/http://www.hanmyy.com/dushubaogao/2019/0623/508862.html</a> <a href="#fnref:58" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:59"><p>"making smoke: introduction to smoke grenade" (in Chinese). 23 June 2019. Archived from the original on 2 September 2021. Retrieved 16 September 2022. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210902225722/http://www.hanmyy.com/dushubaogao/2019/0623/508862.html" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20210902225722/http://www.hanmyy.com/dushubaogao/2019/0623/508862.html</a> <a href="#fnref:59" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:60"><p>"Granater [78]". <a href="https://www.arma-dania.dk/public/timeline/_ad_granater_view.php?editid1=78&" target="_blank">https://www.arma-dania.dk/public/timeline/_ad_granater_view.php?editid1=78&</a> <a href="#fnref:60" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:61"><p>"Granater [76]". <a href="https://www.arma-dania.dk/public/timeline/_ad_granater_view.php?editid1=76&" target="_blank">https://www.arma-dania.dk/public/timeline/_ad_granater_view.php?editid1=76&</a> <a href="#fnref:61" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:62"><p>"Granater [60]". <a href="https://www.arma-dania.dk/public/timeline/_ad_granater_view.php?editid1=60&" target="_blank">https://www.arma-dania.dk/public/timeline/_ad_granater_view.php?editid1=60&</a> <a href="#fnref:62" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:63"><p>"Granater [28]". <a href="https://www.arma-dania.dk/public/timeline/_ad_granater_view.php?editid1=28&" target="_blank">https://www.arma-dania.dk/public/timeline/_ad_granater_view.php?editid1=28&</a> <a href="#fnref:63" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:64"><p>"Granater [33]". <a href="https://www.arma-dania.dk/public/timeline/_ad_granater_view.php?editid1=33&" target="_blank">https://www.arma-dania.dk/public/timeline/_ad_granater_view.php?editid1=33&</a> <a href="#fnref:64" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:65"><p>"Granater [35]". <a href="https://www.arma-dania.dk/public/timeline/_ad_granater_view.php?editid1=35&" target="_blank">https://www.arma-dania.dk/public/timeline/_ad_granater_view.php?editid1=35&</a> <a href="#fnref:65" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:66"><p>Kaitseliit (19 April 2023). "Põhjakonn 23 - Järva malev - Urmas Glase (53)". flickr.com. Retrieved 21 May 2023. <a href="/wiki/Estonian_Defence_League" target="_blank">/wiki/Estonian_Defence_League</a> <a href="#fnref:66" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:67"><p>"Nebelhandgranate 39". <a href="https://www.lexpev.nl/grenades/europe/germany/nebelhandgranate39.html" target="_blank">https://www.lexpev.nl/grenades/europe/germany/nebelhandgranate39.html</a> <a href="#fnref:67" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:68"><p>United States Department of the Air Force (1953). TM 9-1985-2/TO 11A-1-26, German Explosive Ordnance (Bombs, Fuzes, Rockets, Land Mines, Grenades and Igniters). United States Government Printing Office. pp. 326–327. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_the_Air_Force" target="_blank">/wiki/United_States_Department_of_the_Air_Force</a> <a href="#fnref:68" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:69"><p>"Nebelkerze 39/39b". <a href="https://www.lexpev.nl/grenades/europe/germany/nebelhandgranate39.html" target="_blank">https://www.lexpev.nl/grenades/europe/germany/nebelhandgranate39.html</a> <a href="#fnref:69" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:70"><p>"Nebelhandgranate 41". <a href="https://www.lexpev.nl/grenades/europe/germany/nebelhandgranate41.html" target="_blank">https://www.lexpev.nl/grenades/europe/germany/nebelhandgranate41.html</a> <a href="#fnref:70" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:71"><p>United States Department of the Air Force (1953). TM 9-1985-2/TO 11A-1-26, German Explosive Ordnance (Bombs, Fuzes, Rockets, Land Mines, Grenades and Igniters). United States Government Printing Office. pp. 325–326. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_the_Air_Force" target="_blank">/wiki/United_States_Department_of_the_Air_Force</a> <a href="#fnref:71" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:72"><p>"NebelEihandgranate 42". <a href="https://www.lexpev.nl/grenades/europe/germany/nebeleihandgranate42.html" target="_blank">https://www.lexpev.nl/grenades/europe/germany/nebeleihandgranate42.html</a> <a href="#fnref:72" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:73"><p>United States Department of the Air Force (1953). TM 9-1985-2/TO 11A-1-26, German Explosive Ordnance (Bombs, Fuzes, Rockets, Land Mines, Grenades and Igniters). United States Government Printing Office. p. 329. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_the_Air_Force" target="_blank">/wiki/United_States_Department_of_the_Air_Force</a> <a href="#fnref:73" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:74"><p>United States Department of the Air Force (1953). TM 9-1985-2/TO 11A-1-26, German Explosive Ordnance (Bombs, Fuzes, Rockets, Land Mines, Grenades and Igniters). United States Government Printing Office. p. 327. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_the_Air_Force" target="_blank">/wiki/United_States_Department_of_the_Air_Force</a> <a href="#fnref:74" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:75"><p>United States Department of the Air Force (1953). TM 9-1985-2/TO 11A-1-26, German Explosive Ordnance (Bombs, Fuzes, Rockets, Land Mines, Grenades and Igniters). 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"8210 – White Smoke Tactical Canister Grenade". Retrieved 21 July 2021. <a href="/wiki/Combined_Systems,_Inc." target="_blank">/wiki/Combined_Systems,_Inc.</a> <a href="#fnref:245" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:246"><p>Defense Technology. "Military-Style Black Smoke Grenade". Retrieved 21 July 2021. <a href="https://www.defense-technology.com/product/military-style-black-smoke-grenade/" target="_blank">https://www.defense-technology.com/product/military-style-black-smoke-grenade/</a> <a href="#fnref:246" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:247"><p>Defense Technology. "Military-Style Blue Smoke Grenade". Retrieved 21 July 2021. <a href="https://www.defense-technology.com/product/military-style-blue-smoke-grenade/" target="_blank">https://www.defense-technology.com/product/military-style-blue-smoke-grenade/</a> <a href="#fnref:247" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:248"><p>Defense Technology. "Military-Style Green Smoke Grenade". Retrieved 21 July 2021. <a href="https://www.defense-technology.com/product/military-style-green-smoke-grenade/" target="_blank">https://www.defense-technology.com/product/military-style-green-smoke-grenade/</a> <a href="#fnref:248" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:249"><p>Defense Technology. "Military-Style Red Smoke Grenade". Retrieved 21 July 2021. <a href="https://www.defense-technology.com/product/military-style-red-smoke-grenade/" target="_blank">https://www.defense-technology.com/product/military-style-red-smoke-grenade/</a> <a href="#fnref:249" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:250"><p>Defense Technology. "Military-Style Saf-Smoke Grenade". Retrieved 21 July 2021. <a href="https://www.defense-technology.com/product/military-style-saf-smoke-grenade/" target="_blank">https://www.defense-technology.com/product/military-style-saf-smoke-grenade/</a> <a href="#fnref:250" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:251"><p>Defense Technology. "Military-Style Yellow Smoke Grenade". Retrieved 21 July 2021. <a href="https://www.defense-technology.com/product/military-style-yellow-smoke-grenade/" target="_blank">https://www.defense-technology.com/product/military-style-yellow-smoke-grenade/</a> <a href="#fnref:251" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:252"><p>Defense Technology. "Pocket Tactical Blue Smoke Grenade". 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"Pocket Tactical Grenade, Saf-Smoke". Retrieved 21 July 2021. <a href="https://www.defense-technology.com/product/pocket-tactical-grenade-saf-smoke/" target="_blank">https://www.defense-technology.com/product/pocket-tactical-grenade-saf-smoke/</a> <a href="#fnref:255" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:256"><p>Defense Technology. "Pocket Tactical Saf-Smoke Yellow Smoke Grenade". Retrieved 21 July 2021. <a href="https://www.defense-technology.com/product/pocket-tactical-saf-smoke-yellow-smoke-grenade/" target="_blank">https://www.defense-technology.com/product/pocket-tactical-saf-smoke-yellow-smoke-grenade/</a> <a href="#fnref:256" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:257"><p>Defense Technology. "Triple-Chaser Separating Canister, Saf-Smoke". 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