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People Scientists, inventors, and mathematicians Pre-modern figures Post-classical

Post-classical

Abd al-Rahman al-Sufi

Persian astronomer (903-986)

Abu Bakr al-Razi

Persian polymath, physician, chemist and philosopher (854-925)

Abu Hanifa Dinawari

Islamic polymath

Persian scholar and polymath (973–1050)

Persian mathematician

9th century Persian mathematician, astronomer and geographer

Muslim Arab philosopher, mathematician and physician (c. 801–873)

Arab Andalusian physician, surgeon and chemist (936–1013)

Anthemius of Tralles

Ancient Greek scientist and architect

Indian mathematician-astronomer

Medieval Persian polymath, physician and philosopher (c.980–1037)

Indian mathematician and astronomer (600-680)

Indian mathematician and astronomer (598–668)

Italian mathematician (c. 1170–1245)

Chinese astronomer and mathematician (1231–1316)

Arab physicist, mathematician and astronomer (c. 965 – c. 1040)

Egyptian mathematician (c. 950–1009)

Jabir ibn Hayyan

Islamic alchemist and polymath

Jamshid al-Kashi

Persian astronomer and mathematician (c. 1380–1429)

Chinese mathematician

Mahāvīra (mathematician)

9th-century Indian mathematician

Nasir al-Din al-Tusi

Persian astronomer (1201–1274)

Mathematician of Southern Song dynasty, wrote Shu shu jiu zhang (1247)

Chinese scientist and statesman

Chinese mathematician

8th-century Buddhist monk and astronomer

Mathematician of Yuan dynasty (during the reign of Temür Khan), inventor of Chinese quaternion, Si yuan shu (四元術) and stacking technique Duo ji shu (垛積術)

Chinese mathematician-astronomer