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Conchifera
Subphylum of molluscs

Conchifera is a subphylum of the phylum Mollusca, containing five extant classes: Monoplacophora, Cephalopoda, Gastropoda, Bivalvia, and Scaphopoda. Conchiferans can bear a single shell as in snails and ammonites, a single pair of shells as in clams, or lack a shell as in slugs and squid. The other subphylum is Aculifera, the members of which are shellless or have a row of several plates. Non-monoplacophoran conchiferans emerged within the once-widespread Monoplacophora. The only descendant which retains its ancestral shape is the Tryblidiida.

The monophyly of Conchifera is supported by molecular phylogenetic analysis. The relationships among the members of Conchifera are disputed. A grouping of Scaphopoda and Bivalvia, named Diasoma, has been proposed, but other studies find scaphopods to be more closely related to cephalopods or gastropods.

Conchifera originated in the early Cambrian period.

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Classes

Classes within the Conchifera include:

See also

References

  1. Kocot, Kevin M.; Poustka, Albert J.; Stöger, Isabella; Halanych, Kenneth M.; Schrödl, Michael (2020). "New data from Monoplacophora and a carefully-curated dataset resolve molluscan relationships". Scientific Reports. 10 (1): 101. doi:10.1038/s41598-019-56728-w. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 6952402. PMID 31919367. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6952402 ↩

  2. Chen, Zeyuan; Baeza, J. Antonio; Chen, Chong; Gonzalez, Maria Teresa; González, Vanessa Liz; et al. (2025-02-28). "A genome-based phylogeny for Mollusca is concordant with fossils and morphology". Science. 387 (6737): 1001–1007. doi:10.1126/science.ads0215. ISSN 0036-8075. https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.ads0215 ↩

  3. Kocot, Kevin M.; Poustka, Albert J.; Stöger, Isabella; Halanych, Kenneth M.; Schrödl, Michael (2020). "New data from Monoplacophora and a carefully-curated dataset resolve molluscan relationships". Scientific Reports. 10 (1): 101. doi:10.1038/s41598-019-56728-w. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 6952402. PMID 31919367. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6952402 ↩

  4. Kocot, Kevin M.; Poustka, Albert J.; Stöger, Isabella; Halanych, Kenneth M.; Schrödl, Michael (2020). "New data from Monoplacophora and a carefully-curated dataset resolve molluscan relationships". Scientific Reports. 10 (1): 101. doi:10.1038/s41598-019-56728-w. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 6952402. PMID 31919367. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6952402 ↩

  5. Runnegar, Bruce; Pojeta, John (1974-10-25). "Molluscan Phylogeny: The Paleontological Viewpoint: The early Paleozoic fossil record shows how living and extinct molluscan classes originated and diversified". Science. 186 (4161): 311–317. doi:10.1126/science.186.4161.311. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 17839855. https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.186.4161.311 ↩

  6. Song, Hao; Wang, Yunan; Shao, Haojing; Li, Zhuoqing; Hu, Pinli; Yap-Chiongco, Meghan K.; Shi, Pu; Zhang, Tao; Li, Cui; Wang, Yiguan; Ma, Peizhen; Vinther, Jakob; Wang, Haiyan; Kocot, Kevin M. (2023-10-03). "Scaphopoda is the sister taxon to Bivalvia: Evidence of ancient incomplete lineage sorting". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 120 (40): –2302361120. doi:10.1073/pnas.2302361120. eISSN 1091-6490. hdl:1983/edbbfb14-28f5-47ae-9189-ed00112ad1db. ISSN 0027-8424. PMID 37738291. /wiki/Doi_(identifier) ↩

  7. Steiner, Gerhard; Dreyer, Hermann (2003). "Molecular phylogeny of Scaphopoda (Mollusca) inferred from 18S rDNA sequences: support for a Scaphopoda–Cephalopoda clade". Zoologica Scripta. 32 (4): 343–356. doi:10.1046/j.1463-6409.2003.00121.x. eISSN 1463-6409. ISSN 0300-3256. /wiki/Doi_(identifier) ↩

  8. Kocot, Kevin M.; Poustka, Albert J.; Stöger, Isabella; Halanych, Kenneth M.; Schrödl, Michael (2020). "New data from Monoplacophora and a carefully-curated dataset resolve molluscan relationships". Scientific Reports. 10 (1): 101. doi:10.1038/s41598-019-56728-w. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 6952402. PMID 31919367. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6952402 ↩

  9. Kocot, Kevin M.; Poustka, Albert J.; Stöger, Isabella; Halanych, Kenneth M.; Schrödl, Michael (2020). "New data from Monoplacophora and a carefully-curated dataset resolve molluscan relationships". Scientific Reports. 10 (1): 101. doi:10.1038/s41598-019-56728-w. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 6952402. PMID 31919367. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6952402 ↩

  10. Song, Hao; Wang, Yunan; Shao, Haojing; Li, Zhuoqing; Hu, Pinli; Yap-Chiongco, Meghan K.; Shi, Pu; Zhang, Tao; Li, Cui; Wang, Yiguan; Ma, Peizhen; Vinther, Jakob; Wang, Haiyan; Kocot, Kevin M. (2023-10-03). "Scaphopoda is the sister taxon to Bivalvia: Evidence of ancient incomplete lineage sorting". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 120 (40): –2302361120. doi:10.1073/pnas.2302361120. eISSN 1091-6490. hdl:1983/edbbfb14-28f5-47ae-9189-ed00112ad1db. ISSN 0027-8424. PMID 37738291. /wiki/Doi_(identifier) ↩