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List of Russian inventors
List article

This is a list of inventors from the Russian Federation, Soviet Union, Russian Empire, Tsardom of Russia and Grand Duchy of Moscow, including both ethnic Russians and people of other ethnicities.

This list also includes those who were born in Russia or its predecessor states but later emigrated, and those who were born elsewhere but immigrated to the country or worked there for a considerable time, (producing inventions on Russian soil).

For Russian inventions in chronological order, see the Timeline of Russian inventions and technology records.

Alphabetical list

A

PortraitPersonInventionsImage
Bruno Abakanowicz (1852–1900) Russian Empire France(Poland/Lithuania origin)Integraph, spirograph, parabolagraph1
Valerian Abakovsky (1895–1921) Russian Empire Soviet Union Latviaaerowagon2
Vitaly Abalakov (1906–1986)  Russian Empire Soviet Unioncamming devices, Abalakov thread (V-thread) gearless ice climbing anchor34
Evgeny Abramyan (1930–2014) Soviet Union Russian Federation Georgiahalyard for the first extra-vehicular activity
Vsevolod Abramovich (1890–1913)  Russian Empire Soviet UnionAbramovich Flyer
Hovannes Adamian (1879–1932)  Russian Empire Soviet Union (Armenia/Azerbaijan/Germany)tricolor principle of the color television5
Franz Aepinus (1724–1802)  Holy Roman Empire Russian Empireachromatic microscope
Georgy Adelson-Velsky (1922–2014) Soviet Union Russia IsraelAVL tree datastructure, Kaissa (the first World Computer Chess Champion)
Anatoly Alexandrov (1903–1994)  Russian Empire Soviet Union Russian Federationanti-mine demagnetising of ships, naval nuclear reactors (including one for the first nuclear icebreaker)67
Alexandre Alexeieff (1901–1982)  Russian Empire Francepinscreen animation (with his wife Claire Parker)8
Rostislav Alexeyev (1916–1980)  Russian Empire Soviet Unionekranoplan, Soviet high-speed hydrofoils910
Zhores Alferov (1930–2019)  Soviet Union Russian Federationheterotransistor (with Herbert Kroemer), continuous-wave-operating diode laser (with Dmitri Garbuzov)1112
Genrich Altshuller (1926–1998)  Soviet Union Russian FederationTRIZ ("The Theory of Solving Inventor's Problems")13
Vasily Andreyev(1861–1918) Russian Empirestandard balalaika1415
Oleg Antonov(1906–1984) Russian Empire Soviet UnionAn-series aircraft, including Antonov A-40 winged tank and Antonov An-124 (the largest serial cargo aircraft, later modified to world's largest fixed-wing aircraft Antonov An-225)16
Lev Artsimovich (1909–1973)  Russian Empire Soviet Unionfirst tokamak17

B

PortraitPersonInventionsImage
Georgy Babakin (1914–1971)  Russian Empire  Soviet Unionfirst soft landing space vehicle (Luna 9)18
Boris Babayan (born 1933)  Soviet Union  RussiaElbrus computer
Vladimir Baranov-Rossine (1888–1944)  Russian Empire France(Ukraine)(self-portrait)Optophonic Piano, pointillist or dynamic military camouflage19
Vladimir Barmin (1909–1993)  Russian Empire Soviet Union Russian Federationfirst rocket launch complex (Baikonur spaceport)20
Nikolay Basov (1922–2001)  Soviet Union Russian Federationco-inventor of laser and maser21
Ernest Beaux (1881–1961)  Russian Empire FranceChanel No. 522
Vladimir Bekhterev(1857–1927) Russian Empire Soviet UnionBekhterev’s Mixture (a medicine with a sedative effect)23
Nikolay Benardos(1842–1905) Russian Empirearc welding (specifically carbon arc welding, the first arc welding method)24
Aleksandr Bereznyak (1912–1974)  Russian Empire Soviet Union(left on photo)first rocket-powered fighter aircraft, BI-1 (together with Isaev)25
Georgy Beriev (1903–1979)  Russian Empire Soviet Union(Georgian origin)Be-series amphibious aircraft
Fyodor Blinov(1827–1902) Russian Empirefirst tracked vehicle (a wagon on continuous tracks), steam-powered caterpillar tractor2627
Sam Born (1891–1959) Russian Empire United Stateslollipop-making machine28
Georgy Bothezat(1882–1940) Russian Empire United Statesquadrotor helicopter (The Flying Octopus)29
Sergey Brin (born 1973)  Soviet Union United Stateswith Larry Page, invented Google web search engine30
Mikhail Britnev (1822–1889)  Russian Empirefirst metal-hull icebreaker (Pilot)31
Nikolay Brusentsov (1925–2014) Soviet Union Russian Federationternary computer (Setun)32
Gersh Budker (1918–1977) Soviet Unionelectron cooling, co-inventor of collider3334
Aleksandr Butlerov (1828–1886)  Russian Empirehexamine, formaldehyde, formose reaction (the synthesis of sugar)35

C

PortraitPersonInventionsImage
Vladimir Chelomey (1914–1984)  Russian Empire Soviet Unionfirst space station (Salyut 1), further space stations of Salyut series, Proton rocket (the most used heavy lift launch system)36
Pavel Cherenkov (1904–1990)  Russian Empire Soviet UnionCherenkov detector37
Evgeniy Chertovsky (1902–?)  Russian Empire Soviet Union Russian Federationpressure suit38
Alexander Chizhevsky (1897–1964) Russian Empire Soviet Unionair ionizer (Chizhevsky's chandelier)39
Andrey Chokhov (c. 1545–1629) Grand Duchy of Moscow Tsardom of RussiaTsar Cannon, the largest bombard by caliber but inoperative40

D

PortraitPersonInventionsImage
Vasily Degtyaryov(1880–1949) Russian Empire Soviet Unionfirst self-loading carbine, Degtyaryov-series firearms, co-developer of Fedorov Avtomat (the first self-loading rifle)41
Akinfiy Demidov (1678–1745) Tsardom of Russia Russian Empireco-developer of rebar, cast iron cupola, lightning rod (all found in the Leaning Tower of Nevyansk)42
Yuri Denisyuk (1927–2006)  Soviet Union Russian Federation3D holography43
Aleksandr Dianin (1851–1918)  Russian EmpireBisphenol A, Dianin's compound44
Mikhail Dolivo-Dobrovolsky (1862–1919) Russian Empire (Poland, Germany)three-phase electric power (first 3-phase hydroelectric power plant, 3-phase electrical generator, 3-phase motor and 3-phase transformer)45
Nikolay Dollezhal (1899–2000) Russian Empire  Soviet Union Russian FederationAM-1 reactor for the first nuclear power plant and other RBMK-type reactors, pressurized water reactor (VVER)46
Alexey Dushkin (1904–1977)  Russian Empire  Soviet Uniondeep column station47

E

PortraitPersonInventionsImage
Ivan Elmanov  Russian Empirefirst monorail (the so-called "Road on Pillars" near Moscow, with horse-drawn carriages)48

F

PortraitPersonInventionsImage
Peter Carl Fabergé (1846–1920)  Russian EmpireFabergé Eggs49
Nicolas Florine (1891–1972)  Russian Empire  Belgium(born in Georgia)first tandem rotor helicopter to fly freely50
Ivan Fyodorov (c. 1510–1583) Grand Duchy of Moscow Tsardom of Russia Poland-Lithuaniainvented multibarreled mortar, introduced printing in Russia51
Svyatoslav Fyodorov (1927–2000)  Soviet Union Russian Federationradial keratotomy52
Vladimir Fyodorov (1874–1966) Russian Empire Soviet UnionFedorov Avtomat (first self-loading battle rifle, arguably the first assault rifle)53

G

PortraitPersonInventionsImage
Yakov Modestovich Gakkel(1874–1945) Russian Empire Soviet Unionfirst Russian-made aircraft and diesel locomotives54
Boris Borisovich Galitzine(1862–1916) Russian Empireelectromagnetic seismograph55
Dmitri Garbuzov (1940–2006)  Soviet Union Russian Federation United Statescontinuous-wave-operating diode lasers (together with Zhores Alferov), high-power diode lasers56
Georgy Gause(1910–1986) Russian Empire Soviet Uniongramicidin S, neomycin, lincomycin and other antibiotics57
E. K. Gauzen Russian Empirethree bolt equipment (early diving costume)5859
Andrey Geim (born 1958) Soviet Union United Kingdomgraphene60
Nestor Genko (1839–1904) Russian EmpireGenko's Forest Belt (the first large-scale windbreak system)61
Valentyn Glushko (1908–1989) Russian Empire Soviet Unionhypergolic propellant, electric propulsion, Soviet rocket engines (including world's most powerful liquid-fuel rocket engine RD-170)62
Leonid Gobyato (1875–1915)  Russian Empirefirst modern man-portable mortar63
Igor Gorynin (1926–2015) Soviet Union Russian Federationweldable titanium alloys, high strength aluminium alloys, radiation-hardened steels6465
Boris Grabovsky (1901–1966) Russian Empire Soviet Unioncathode commutator, an early electronic TV pickup tube6667
Mikhail Gurevich (1893–1976) Russian Empire Soviet Union(left on photo)MiG-series fighter aircraft, including world's most produced jet aircraft MiG-15 and most produced supersonic aircraft MiG-21 (together with Artem Mikoyan)68

H

PortraitPersonInventionsImage
Waldemar Haffkine (1860–1930)  Russian Empire  Switzerlanddeveloped and used first vaccines against cholera and bubonic plague6970

I

PortraitPersonInventionsImage
Gavriil Ilizarov (1921–1992)  Soviet Union Russian FederationIlizarov apparatus, external fixation, distraction osteogenesis7172
Sergey Ilyushin (1894–1977) Russian Empire  Soviet UnionIl-series fighter aircraft, including Ilyushin Il-2 bomber (the most produced military aircraft in history)73
Aleksei Isaev (1908–1971) Russian Empire Soviet Union(second left on photo)first rocket-powered fighter aircraft, BI-1 (together with Bereznyak)74
Isidore Grand Duchy of MoscowRussian vodka75
Vladislav Ivanov (1936–2007) Soviet Union Russian FederationPioneer of Magnetic resonance imaging767778

J

PortraitPersonInventionsImage
Boris Jacobi (1801–1874)  Prussia Russian Empireelectrotyping (an application of electroplating to typography), electric boat79

K

PortraitPersonInventionsImage
Mikhail Kalashnikov (1919–2013) Soviet Union Russian FederationAK-47 and AK-74 assault rifles (produced more than all other types of assault rifles combined)80
Nikolay Kamov (1902–1973)  Russian Empire Soviet Unionarmored military autogyro, Ka-series coaxial rotor helicopters81
Pyotr Kapitsa (1894–1984)  Russian Empire Soviet Union(left on portrait by Boris Kustodiev, with Nikolay Semyonov right)first ultrastrong magnetic field creating techniques, basic low-temperature physics inventions82
Georgii Karpechenko (1899–1941)  Russian Empire Soviet Unionrabbage (the first ever non-sterile hybrid obtained through the crossbreeding)8384
Eugene Kaspersky (born 1965)  Soviet Union Russian FederationKaspersky Anti-Virus, Kaspersky Internet Security, Kaspersky Mobile Security anti-virus products85
Adolphe Kégresse (1879–1943)  France  Russian EmpireKégresse track (first half-track and first off-road vehicle with continuous track), dual-clutch transmission86
Alexander Kemurdzhian (1921–2003) Soviet Union Russian Federationfirst space exploration rover (Lunokhod)
Yulii Khariton (1904–1996)  Russian Empire Soviet Union Russian Federationchief designer of the Soviet atomic bomb, co-developer of the Tsar Bomba
Anatoly Kharlampiyev (1906–1979)  Russian Empire Soviet UnionSambo (martial art)87
Konstantin Khrenov (1894–1984)  Russian Empire Soviet Unionunderwater welding
Nikolai Kibalchich (1853–1881)  Russian Empirepioneer of rocketry88
Semyon Kirlian (1898–1978)  Russian Empire Soviet UnionKirlian photography
Konstantin Konstantinov (1817/19–1871)  Russian Empiredevice for measuring flight speed of projectiles, ballistic rocket pendulum, launch pad, rocket-making machine89
Sergei Korolev (1907–1966)  Russian Empire Soviet Unionfirst successful intercontinental ballistic missile (R-7 Semyorka), R-7 rocket family, Sputniks (including the first Earth-orbiting artificial satellite), Vostok programme (including the first human spaceflight)
Nikolai Korotkov (1874–1920)  Russian Empireauscultatory technique for blood pressure measurement
Semyon Korsakov (1787–1853)  Russian Empirepunched card for information storage
Mikhail Koshkin (1898–1940)  Russian Empire Soviet UnionT-34 medium tank, the most produced tank of World War II90
Ogneslav Stepanovich Kostovich(1851–1916)  Serbia Russian Empirearborite (high-strength plywood)9192
Gleb Kotelnikov (1872–1944)  Russian Empire Soviet Unionknapsack parachute, drogue parachute9394
Aleksey Krylov (1863–1945)  Russian Empire Soviet Uniongyroscopic damping of ships
Ivan Kulibin (1735–1818)  Russian Empireegg-shaped clock, candle searchlight, elevator using screw mechanisms, self-rolling carriage (for the first time featuring a flywheel, brake, gear box, and bearing), an early optical telegraph959697
Igor Kurchatov (1903–1960)  Russian Empire Soviet Unionfirst nuclear power plant, first nuclear reactors for submarines and surface ships

L

PortraitPersonInventionsImage
Dmitry Lachinov (1842–1902)  Russian Empiremercury pump, economizer for electricity consumption, electrical insulation tester, optical dynamometer, photometer, electrolyser98
Semyon Lavochkin (1900–1960)  Russian Empire Soviet UnionLa-series aircraft, the first operational surface-to-air missile S-25 Berkut
Nikolai Lebedenko  Russian EmpireTsar Tank, the largest armored vehicle in history99
Sergei Lebedev (1874–1934)  Russian Empire Soviet Unioncommercially viable synthetic rubber
Lisitsyns,Ivan Fyodorovichand his brotherNazar Fyodorovich Russian EmpireRussian samovar100
Alexander Lodygin (1847–1923)  Russian Empire United Stateselectrical filament, incandescent light bulb with tungsten filament
Mikhail Lomonosov (1711–1765) Tsardom of Russia Russian Empirenight vision telescope, off-axis reflecting telescope, coaxial rotor, original Russian hard-paste porcelain (together with Dmitry Vinogradov), re-discovery of smalt101
Yury Lomonosov(1876–1952) Russian Empire Soviet Union United Kingdomfirst successful mainline diesel locomotive102
Aleksandr Loran (1849 – after 1911)  Russian Empirefire fighting foam, foam extinguisher103
Oleg Losev (1903–1942)  Russian Empire Soviet Unionlight-emitting diode, crystadine
Gleb Lozino-Lozinskiy (1909–2001) Russian Empire Soviet Union Russian FederationBuran (spacecraft), Spiral project104105
Arkhip Lyulka (1908–1984)  Russian Empire Soviet Unionfirst double jet turbofan engine, other Soviet aircraft engines106

M

PortraitPersonInventionsImage
Aleksandr Makarov (born 1966) Soviet Union Russian Federation Germanyorbitrap107
Stepan Makarov (1849–1904)  Russian EmpireIcebreaker Yermak, the first true icebreaker able to ride over and crush pack ice
Nestor Makhno (1888–1934)  Russian Empire France(Ukraine)tachanka
Victor Makeev (1924–1985)  Russian Empire Soviet Unionfirst intercontinental submarine-launched ballistic missile
Dmitri Maksutov (1896–1964)  Russian Empire Soviet UnionMaksutov telescope
Sergey Malyutin(1859–1937) Russian Empire Soviet Union(self-portrait)matryoshka doll (together with craftsman Vasily Zvyozdochkin)108
Boris Mamyrin(1919–2007) Soviet Union Russian Federationreflectron (ion mirror)109
Ilya Mechnikov (1845–1916) Russian Empire Franceprobiotics
Dmitri Mendeleev (1834–1907) Russian EmpirePeriodic table, a type of pycnometer, pyrocollodion, co-developer of Icebreaker Yermak, also credited with determining the ideal vodka proof as 38% (later rounded to 40%)110
Artem Mikoyan (1905–1970)  Russian Empire Soviet Union(Armenia) (right on photo)MiG-series fighter aircraft, including world's most produced jet aircraft MiG-15 and most produced supersonic aircraft MiG-21 (together with Mikhail Gurevich)111
Alexander Mikulin (1895–1985)  Russian Empire Soviet UnionMikulin AM-34 and other Soviet aircraft engines, co-developer of the Tsar Tank112113
Mikhail Mil (1909–1970)  Russian Empire Soviet UnionMi-series helicopter aircraft, including Mil Mi-8 (the world's most-produced helicopter) and Mil Mi-12 (the world's largest helicopter)
Pavel Molchanov(1893–1941) Russian Empire Soviet Unionradiosonde
Alexander Morozov(1904–1979) Russian Empire Soviet UnionT-54/55 (the most produced tank in history), co-developer of T-34114115
Sergei Mosin (1849–1902) Russian EmpireMosin–Nagant rifle, one of the most produced ever
Motorins,Ivan Feodorovich(1660s – 1735)and his son Mikhail Ivanovich(?–1750) Tsardom of Russia Russian EmpireTsar Bell, the largest bell in the world116
Vera Mukhina(1889–1953) Russian Empire Soviet Unionwelded sculpture117
Yevgeny Murzin(1914–1970) Russian Empire Soviet UnionANS synthesizer

N

PortraitPersonInventionsImage
Alexander Nadiradze(1914–1987) Russian Empire Soviet Union(born in Georgia)First meteorological missile "M1-Meteo". First mobile ICBM (RT-21 Temp 2S), also RSD-10 Pioneer and (RT-2PM Topol)118
Andrey Nartov (1683–1756) Tsardom of Russia  Russian Empirefirst lathe with a mechanic cutting tool-supporting carriage and a set of gears, fast-fire battery on a rotating disc, screw mechanism for changing the artillery fire angle, gauge-boring lathe for cannon-making, early telescopic sight119120121
Sergey Nepobedimiy (1921–2014)  Soviet Union Russian Federationfirst supersonic anti-tank guided missile Sturm, other Soviet rocket weaponry122
Nikolai Nikitin (1907–1973) Russian Empire  Soviet Unionprestressed concrete with wire ropes structure (Ostankino Tower, The Motherland Calls), Nikitin-Travush 4000 project (precursor to X-Seed 4000)
Ludvig Nobel (1831–1888)  Sweden Russian Empirefirst successful oil tanker123
Konstantin Novoselov (born 1974) Soviet Union Russian Federation United Kingdomgraphene124 (youngest Nobel Laureate since 1973)125

O

PortraitPersonInventionsImage
Theophil Wilgodt Odhner (1845–1903)  Sweden Russian Empirethe Odhner Arithmometer (a mechanical pinwheel calculator)
Lucien Olivier (1838–1883) Russian Empire(Belgian or French origin)Russian salad (Olivier salad)

P

PortraitPersonInventionsImage
Alexey Pajitnov (born 1956) Soviet Union  United StatesTetris126
Ivan Pavlov (1849–1936) Russian Empire Soviet Unionclassical conditioning127
Vasily Petrov (1761–1834)  Russian Empirecontinuous electric arc, arc welding128
Nikolay Pirogov (1810–1881) Russian Empireearly use of ether as anaesthetic, first anaesthesia in a field operation, various kinds of surgical operations
Fyodor Pirotsky (1845–1898)  Russian Empireelectric tram
Ivan Plotnikov (1902–1995)  Russian Empire Soviet Union  Russian Federationkirza leather129
Nikolai Polikarpov (1892–1944)  Russian Empire  Soviet UnionPo-series aircraft, including Polikarpov Po-2 Kukuruznik (world's most produced biplane)
Ivan Polzunov (1728–1766)  Russian Empirefirst two-cylinder steam engine
Mikhail Pomortsev (1851–1916)  Russian Empirenephoscope
Alexander Popov (1859–1906) Russian Empirebuilt an early radio receiver in the form of a lightning detector, eastern European countries claim he is the "inventor of radio"
Nikolay Popov(1931–2008) Soviet Union Russian Federationfirst fully gas turbine main battle tank (T-80)130
Aleksandr Porokhovschikov (1892 – c. 1942) Russian Empire  Soviet UnionVezdekhod (the first prototype tank, or tankette, and the first continuous track amphibious ATV)131
Alexander Procofieff de Seversky (1894–1974)  Russian Empire  United Statesionocraft, first gyroscopically stabilized bombsight, also developed air-to-air refueling
Alexander Prokhorov (1916–2002)  Russian Empire Soviet Union  Russian Federationco-inventor of laser and maser
Petro Prokopovych (1775–1850)  Russian Empire(Ukraine)beehive frame, queen excluder and other beekeeping novelties
Sergey Prokudin-Gorsky (1863–1944)  Russian Empire Franceearly colour photography method based on three colour channels, also colour film slides and colour motion pictures

R

PortraitPersonInventionsImage
Leonid Ramzin(1887–1948) Russian Empire Soviet Unionstraight-flow boiler (Ramzin boiler)132
Peter I of Russia (Romanov) (1672–1725)Tsardom of Russia  Russian Empiredecimal currency, yacht club, sounding line with separating plummet (sounding weight probe)133134135
Ida Rosenthal (1886–1973)  Russian Empire United States(born in Belarus, Jewish descent)modern brassiere (Maidenform), the standard of cup sizes, nursing bra, full-figured bra, the first seamed uplift bra (all with her husband William)136137138
Boris Rosing (1869–1933)  Russian Empire Soviet UnionCRT television (first TV system using cathode ray tube on the receiving side)139140
Eugene Roshal (born 1972) Soviet Union Russian FederationFAR file manager, RAR file format, WinRAR file archiver141

S

PortraitPersonInventionsImage
Alexander Sablukov (1783–1857)  Russian Empirecentrifugal fan142
Andrei Sakharov (1921–1989)  Soviet Unionexplosively pumped flux compression generator, co-developer of the Tsar Bomb, co-developer of tokamak
Franz San Galli(1824–1908) Russian Empire(Italian and German descent, born in Poland)radiator, modern central heating143144
Pavel Schilling (1780–1836)  Russian Empire (Estonia)shielded cable, electric mine and electromagnetic telegraph145
Guy Severin (1926–2008)  Soviet Union  Russian Federationextra-vehicular activity supporting system146
Leonty Shamshurenkov (1687–1758) Tsardom of Russia  Russian Empirea device for lifting the Tsar Bell, the first self-propelling carriage (a precursor to both bicycle and automobile), projects of an original odometer and self-propelling sledge147148
Pyotr Shilovsky (1871 – after 1924)  Russian Empire United Kingdomgyrocar149
Vladimir Shukhov (1853–1939)  Russian Empire  Soviet Unionthermal cracking (Shukhov cracking process), thin-shell structure, tensile structure, hyperboloid structure, gridshell, modern oil pipeline, cylindric oil depot150
Pyotr Shuvalov(1711–1762) Tsardom of Russia Russian Empireinvented canister shot mortar, introduced licorne into wide usage
Igor Sikorsky (1889–1972)  Russian Empire United Statesfirst four-engine fixed-wing aircraft (Russky Vityaz), first airliner and purpose-designed bomber (Ilya Muromets), modern helicopter, Sikorsky-series helicopters
Vladimir Simonov (1935–2020)  Soviet Union Russian FederationAPS Underwater Assault Rifle, SPP-1 underwater pistol151152
Nikolay Slavyanov (1854–1897)  Russian Empireshielded metal arc welding153
Alexander Smakula (1900–1983)  Russian Empire United States(Ukraine)anti-reflective coating
Yefim Smolin Tsardom of Russia Russian Empiretable-glass (stakan granyonyi)154
Igor Spassky (1926–2024)  Soviet Union Russian FederationSea Launch platform and over 200 nuclear submarines, including the world's largest submarines of Typhoon class
Ladislas Starevich (1882–1965)  Russian Empire France(Polish descent)puppet animation, live-action/animated film155156
Boris Stechkin (1891–1969)  Russian Empire Soviet Unionco-developer of Sikorsky Ilya Muromets and Lebedenko's Tsar Tank, developer of many Soviet heat and aircraft engines157158
Aleksandr Stoletov (1839–1896) Russian Empirefirst solar cell based on the outer photoelectric effect
Pavel Sukhoi (1895–1975)  Russian Empire Soviet UnionSu-series fighter aircraft
Andrei Sychra (1773/76–1850) Russian Empire(born in Lithuania, Czech ancestry)Russian seven-string guitar
Vladimir Syromyatnikov (1933–2006)  Soviet Union Russian FederationAndrogynous Peripheral Attach System and other spacecraft docking mechanisms

T

PortraitPersonInventionsImage
Andrey Ternovskiy (born 1992) Russian Federationcreator of Chatroulette, the first random webcam chat website
Léon Theremin (1896–1993) Russian Empire  Soviet Union United States Russian Federationtheremin, burglar alarm, terpsitone, Rhythmicon (first drum machine), The Thing (listening device)
Andrey Tikhonov (1906–1993) Russian Empire Soviet Union Russian Federationmagnetotellurics
Mikhail Tikhonravov (1900–1974) Russian Empire Soviet Unionco-developer of Sputnik 1 (the first artificial satellite) together with Korolyov and Keldysh, designer of further Sputniks
Gavriil Tikhov (1875–1960)  Russian Empire  Soviet Unionfeathering spectrograph
Fedor Tokarev (1871–1968)  Russian Empire  Soviet UnionTT-33 semiautomatic handgun and SVT-40 self-loading rifle (main Soviet guns of World War II)
Konstantin Tsiolkovsky, (1857–1935) Russian Empire  Soviet Unionspaceflight (theory principles that led to numerous inventions, derived the Tsiolkovsky rocket equation)
Mikhail Tsvet (1872–1919)  Russian Empirechromatography (specifically adsorption chromatography, the first chromatography method)
Alexei Tupolev (1925–2001)  Soviet Union Russian Federationthe Tupolev Tu-144 (first supersonic passenger jet)
Andrei Tupolev (1888–1972)  Russian Empire  Soviet Unionturboprop powered long-range airliner (Tupolev Tu-114), turboprop strategic bomber (Tupolev Tu-95)

U

PortraitPersonInventionsImage
Vladimir Utkin(1923–2000)  Soviet Union  Russian Federationrailcar-launched ICBM (RT-23 Molodets), other Soviet rockets159

V

PortraitPersonInventionsImage
Vladimir Vakhmistrov(1897–1972)  Russian Empire  Soviet Unionfirst bomber with a parasite aircraft (Zveno project)
Viktor Vasnetsov (1848–1926) Russian Empire Soviet Unionbudenovka military hat
Vladimir Veksler (1907–1966) Russian Empire Soviet Unionsynchrophasotron, co-inventor of synchrotron160161

W

PortraitPersonInventionsImage
Paul Walden(1863–1957)  Russian Empire  Germany (born in Latvia, Baltic German descent)Walden inversion, Ethylammonium nitrate (the first room temperature ionic liquid)

Y

PortraitPersonInventionsImage
Pavel Yablochkov (1847–1894) Russian EmpireYablochkov candle (first commercially viable electric carbon arc lamp)
Alexander Yakovlev (1906–1989) Russian Empire Soviet UnionYak-series aircraft, including Yakovlev Yak-40 (the first regional jet)
Vladimir Yourkevitch (1885–1964)  Russian Empire France United Statesmodern ship hull design
Sergei Yudin (1891–1954)  Russian Empire Soviet Unioncadaveric blood transfusion and other medical operations162

Z

PortraitPersonInventionsImage
Ludwik Łazarz Zamenhof (1859–1917)  Russian Empire(Poland)Esperanto language
Yevgeny Zavoisky (1907–1976) Russian Empire Soviet UnionEPR spectroscopy, co-developer of NMR spectroscopy163
Nikolay Zelinsky (1861–1953)  Russian Empire  Soviet Unionthe first effective filtering activated charcoal gas mask in the world
Nikolai Zhukovsky (1847–1921)  Russian Empire Russian SFSRan early wind tunnel, co-developer of the Tsar Tank164165
Vladimir Zvorykin (1889–1982)  Russian Empire  United Statespioneer of television technology Iconoscope, kinescope
Vasily Zvyozdochkin(1876–1956) Russian Empire Soviet Unionmatryoshka doll (together with painter Sergey Malyutin)166

See also

References

  1. Bruno Abdank-Abakanowicz (1886). Les intégraphes (in French). Paris: Gauthier-Villars. http://www.computerhistory.org/collections/catalog/B1551.01 ↩

  2. "Invention of the Aerowagon". What Poll?. Archived from the original on 29 January 2016. Retrieved 11 April 2010. https://web.archive.org/web/20160129150101/http://www.whatpoll.com/inventors-killed-by-their-own-inventions ↩

  3. "Mechanical Advantage". Retrieved 23 October 2016. http://www.bigwalls.net/climb/mechadv/index.html ↩

  4. "404. Page Not Found". Archived from the original on 2 July 2010. Retrieved 23 October 2016. {{cite web}}: Cite uses generic title (help) https://web.archive.org/web/20100702160235/http://www.needlesports.com/catalogue/content.aspx?con_id=ca1dfee1-4224-4679-a772-9cc30119a921 ↩

  5. Адамян Ованес Абгарович, Great Soviet Encyclopedia http://bse.sci-lib.com/article127617.html ↩

  6. Alexandrov's biography (in Russian) http://www.biografija.ru/show_bio.aspx?id=2031 ↩

  7. Alexandrov's biography Archived 3 May 2017 at the Wayback Machine (in Russian) http://www.krugosvet.ru/enc/nauka_i_tehnika/fizika/ALEKSANDROV_ANATOLI_PETROVICH.html ↩

  8. Bendazzi, Giannalberto (1995). Cartoons: One Hundred Years of Cinema Animation. Paris, France: Indiana University Press. ISBN 2-910027-75-9 /wiki/ISBN_(identifier) ↩

  9. Biography of Alexeev Archived 28 August 2008 at the Wayback Machine http://www.att-nn.com/ENGL/85yaers.htm ↩

  10. Low Orbit Helium Assisted Navigator; Lohan; Iss; Nasa; Google; purity, Brexit threatens Cornish pasty's racial; home, Grim-faced 'naut Malenchenko prepares to return; $1m+, One entire US spook base: Yours for. "In search of the Caspian Sea Monster". The Register. Retrieved 23 October 2016. {{cite web}}: |last5= has generic name (help)CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) https://www.theregister.co.uk/2006/09/22/caspian_sea_monster/ ↩

  11. The Nobel Prize in Physics 2000 – Information for the Public http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/2000/public.html ↩

  12. "Zhores I. Alferov - Biographical". Retrieved 23 October 2016. http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/2000/alferov-autobio.html ↩

  13. Altshuller's biography (in Russian) http://www.altshuller.ru/biography/ ↩

  14. Vasily Andreyev Archived 4 May 2009 at the Wayback Machine article on the city site of Bezhetsk (in Russian) http://bezh.asobezh.ru/bezechane/andreev.htm ↩

  15. History of balalaika (in Russian) http://www.stringsandkeys.com/rus/history.HTML ↩

  16. Antonov's biographyArchived 22 May 2009 at the Wayback Machine (in Russian) https://web.archive.org/web/20090522212624/http://www.antonov.com/about/jubilee/biography.xml ↩

  17. Artsimovich's biography (in Russian) http://www.peoples.ru/science/physics/arcimovich/ ↩

  18. Babakin's Biography (in Russian) http://www.space.hobby.ru/babakin.html ↩

  19. "Biography". 24 December 2012. Archived from the original on 8 August 2010. Retrieved 23 October 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20100808022152/http://www.baranoffrossine.com/museum/biography/ ↩

  20. Barmin's biography (in Russian) http://wwii-soldat.narod.ru/LEGEND/ARTICLES/barmin_vp.htm ↩

  21. Basov Nikolay Gennadiyevich[usurped] https://web.archive.org/web/20100926022159/http://i-lasers.com/basov.html ↩

  22. "Ernest Beaux, Perfumer -- From 'Bouquet of Napoleon' to 'Chanel No.5' to 'Mademoiselle Chanel No.1' (???)". Retrieved 23 October 2016. http://www.perfumeprojects.com/museum/perfumers/ErnestBeaux.php ↩

  23. БЕХТЕРЕВА МИКСТУРА (MixturaBechtereva) at medicinelib.ru Archived 15 May 2008 at the Wayback Machine (in Russian) http://medicinelib.ru/lecarstva/B/lecarstva6616.html ↩

  24. Biography of Bernardos by A. A. Chekanov Archived 30 December 2010 at the Wayback Machine (in Russian) http://www.biografia.ru/cgi-bin/quotes.pl?oaction=show&name=benardos03 ↩

  25. Bereznyak-Isayev BI (in Russian) http://www.airwar.ru/enc/fww2/bi1.html ↩

  26. The inventor of tractor (in Russian) http://ricolor.org/history/eng/prm/blinov/ ↩

  27. Our armor is strong and our tanks are fast and our people are full of courage (in Russian) http://inoforum.ru/inostrannaya_pressa/bronya_krepka_i_tanki_nashi_bystry_i_nashi_lyudi_muzhestva_polny/ ↩

  28. "Our History - Just Born - PA Candy Manufacturer". Archived from the original on 15 April 2016. Retrieved 23 October 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160415232000/http://www.justborn.com/get-to-know-us/our-history ↩

  29. "Helicopter Development in the Early Twentieth Century" Archived 5 May 2012 at the Wayback Machine. centennialofflight.gov. Accessed 10 May 2010. http://www.centennialofflight.gov/essay/Rotary/early_20th_century/HE2.htm ↩

  30. "BBC NEWS - Business - Profile: The Google founders". 30 April 2004. Retrieved 23 October 2016. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/3666241.stm ↩

  31. Вестник Регистра морского судоходства России[permanent dead link] (in Russian) http://www.www.rs-head.spb.ru/ru/vestnik/arc_pdf/v54.pdf ↩

  32. Russian Virtual Computer Museum – Hall of Fame – Nikolay Petrovich Brusentsov. Retrieved 2010-01-25. http://www.computer-museum.ru/english/galglory_en/Brusentsov.htm ↩

  33. Academician Gersh Itckovich Budker (in Russian) http://ufn.ru/ufn68/ufn68_11/Russian/r6811h.pdf ↩

  34. The brief history of particle accelerators (in Russian) http://elementy.ru/posters/collider/3 ↩

  35. Read, J. (1935), Text-Book of Organic Chemistry, London: G Bell & Sons. ↩

  36. The history of Chelomey's OKB (in Russian) http://www.sergib.agava.ru/russia/chelomei/chelomei.htm ↩

  37. "Pavel A. Cherenkov - Biographical". Retrieved 23 October 2016. http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1958/cerenkov-bio.html ↩

  38. Vita Germetika: A Brief History of Creating and Development of Soviet-Russian space suits Archived 26 September 2007 at the Wayback Machine (in Russian) http://vokrugsveta.ru/publishing/vs/archives/?item_id=465 ↩

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  40. Guinness Book of Records /wiki/Guinness_Book_of_Records ↩

  41. Degtyaryov's biography (in Russian) http://www.gewehr.ru/2007/04/11/degtjarjov_vasilijj_alekseevich.html ↩

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  50. Jean Boulet, Histoire de l'hélicoptère : racontée par ses pionniers, 1907–1956, Paris : Ed. France-Empire, 1982 (in French) ↩

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  57. Gause, GF. 1960. The search for new antibiotics. New Haven: Yale University Press. 97pp. ↩

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  77. ПРИВЕТ НОБЕЛЮ ОТ ИВАНОВА https://web.archive.org/web/20050817144026/http://www.inauka.ru/science/article36826 ↩

  78. Patents by Ivan Vladislav http://www.findpatent.ru/byauthors/849010/ ↩

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  115. Halberstadt, Hans Inside the Great Tanks The Crowood Press Ltd. Wiltshire, England 1997 94–96 ISBN 1-86126-270-1"The T-54/T-55 series is the hands down, all-time most popular tank in history." /wiki/ISBN_(identifier) ↩

  116. Slobodskoy, Archpriest Seraphim (1996), "Bells and Russian Orthodox Peals", The Law of God, Jordanville, N.Y.: Holy Trinity Monastery, p. 624, ISBN 0-88465-044-8 0-88465-044-8 ↩

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  121. Nartov's biography (in Russian) http://subscribe.ru/archive/history.izobretatel/200510/25002229.html ↩

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  128. Petrov Vasily Vladimirovich at weldworld.ru (in Russian) http://www.weldworld.ru/history_petrov.html ↩

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  135. Monarchs can be good at anything (in Russian) http://i-r.ru/show_arhive.php?year=2008&month=9&id=1720 ↩

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  145. Virtual Museum of Information technology Archived 20 April 2010 at the Wayback Machine (in Russian) http://schools.keldysh.ru/sch444/museum/1_17-19.htm ↩

  146. Severin, Guy Ilich at the Russian Academy of Sciences website (in Russian) http://www.ras.ru/news/shownews.aspx?id=c62a5cf4-0a07-4ec7-b643-5004459b4bcb ↩

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  148. Leonty Luk'yanovich Shamshurenkov Archived 19 April 2011 at the Wayback Machine (in Russian) http://olnd.narod.ru/06/06_shamsh.htm ↩

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  153. Slavyanov's biography Archived 15 August 2007 at archive.today (in Russian) http://www.weldportal.ru/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=237&Itemid=87 ↩

  154. The Day of Granenyi Stakan Archived 20 November 2010 at the Wayback Machine at hronograf.narod.ru (in Russian) http://hronograf.narod.ru/10/stakan.htm ↩

  155. An illustrated biography of Starevich Archived 15 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine (in Spanish) http://www.revistafantastique.com/monografico.php?articulo=151---Ladislas-Starewicz ↩

  156. Entomology and Animation: A Portrait of an Early Master Ladislaw Starewicz (May 2000 6-page article from Animation World Magazine) http://www.awn.com/mag/issue5.02/5.02pages/schneiderstarewicz.php3 ↩

  157. "Site Disabled - FreeServers". Retrieved 23 October 2016. http://landships.freeservers.com/lebedenko_info.htm ↩

  158. Stechkin's biography at The Heroes of the Country (in Russian) http://www.warheroes.ru/hero/hero.asp?Hero_id=10822 ↩

  159. Utkin's biography at the Heroes of the Country site (in Russian) http://www.warheroes.ru/hero/hero.asp?Hero_id=10514 ↩

  160. The brief history of particle accelerators (in Russian) http://elementy.ru/posters/collider/3 ↩

  161. Who and when invented synchrophasotron? (in Russian) http://www.afizika.ru/zanimatelniestati/172-ktopridumalsihrofazatron ↩

  162. Shamov V.N. The transfusion of stored cadaver blood Lancet 1937; 2, August 7:306–309 ↩

  163. Gareth R. Eaton; et al. (1998). Foundations of modern EPR. World Scientific. pp. 45–46. ISBN 981-02-3295-0. Retrieved 30 September 2010. 981-02-3295-0 ↩

  164. "Site Disabled - FreeServers". Retrieved 23 October 2016. http://landships.freeservers.com/lebedenko_info.htm ↩

  165. Zhukovsky's biography Archived 3 December 2009 at the Wayback Machine (in Russian) http://taina.aib.ru/biography/nikolaj-zhukovskij.htm ↩

  166. Vasily Zvyozdochkin – the father of Russian Matryoshka Archived 1 March 2012 at the Wayback Machine (in Russian) http://www.zavodskayapravda.ru/article.aspx?articleId=527&issueId=96 ↩