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<h2 id="history">History</h2> <h3>From the Enlightenment to the Industrial Revolution</h3> <p><a href="/facts/Immanuel_Kant/vIxjdy6I">Immanuel Kant</a> identified progress as being a movement away from <a href="/facts/Barbarian/k61mm4mC">barbarism</a> toward <a href="/facts/Civilization/xvGpjDPj">civilization</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:14" href="#fn:14"><sup>14</sup></a> 18th-century philosopher and political scientist <a href="/facts/Marquis_de_Condorcet/DjXBUnIL">Marquis de Condorcet</a> predicted that political progress would involve the disappearance of <a href="/facts/Slavery/IXX2S92u">slavery</a>, the rise of <a href="/facts/Literacy/GpXB3QbJ">literacy</a>, the lessening of <a href="/facts/Sex_inequality/BU6o79IU">sex inequality</a>, <a href="/facts/Prison_reform/ADYoXaQc">reform of prisons</a>, which at the time were harsh, and the decline of poverty.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:15" href="#fn:15"><sup>15</sup></a> </p> <p><a href="/facts/Modernity/kkpjFrpr">Modernity</a> or modernisation was a key form of the idea of progress as promoted by <a href="/facts/Classical_liberals/SMJD77vB">classical liberals</a> in the 19th and 20th centuries, who called for the rapid modernisation of the economy and society to remove the traditional hindrances to <a href="/facts/Free_market/KnK7JohY">free markets</a> and the <a href="/facts/Freedom_of_movement/J7c0uovA">free movements</a> of people.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:16" href="#fn:16"><sup>16</sup></a> </p><p>In the late 19th century, a political view rose in popularity in the <a href="/facts/Western_world/UQl4e7du">Western world</a> that progress was being stifled by vast <a href="/facts/Economic_inequality/2Kb0kBH5">economic inequality</a> between the rich and the poor, minimally regulated <i><a href="/facts/Laissez-faire/euKoqFk7">laissez-faire</a></i> capitalism with out-of-control monopolistic <a href="/facts/Corporation/hykSVoWJ">corporations</a>, intense and often violent conflict between capitalists and workers, with a need for measures to address these problems.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:17" href="#fn:17"><sup>17</sup></a> Progressivism has influenced various political movements. <a href="/facts/Social_liberalism/TMBttxF6">Social liberalism</a> was influenced by British <a href="/facts/Liberalism/nj54a01U">liberal</a> philosopher <a href="/facts/John_Stuart_Mill/0QxUR9l7">John Stuart Mill</a>'s conception of people being "progressive beings."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:18" href="#fn:18"><sup>18</sup></a> British Prime Minister <a href="/facts/Benjamin_Disraeli/86v3Qocw">Benjamin Disraeli</a> developed <a href="/facts/Progressive_conservatism/wHpMcNDS">progressive conservatism</a> under <a href="/facts/One-nation_conservatism/PpMeAV1H">one-nation</a> <a href="/facts/Toryism/AXvKEc1q">Toryism</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:19" href="#fn:19"><sup>19</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:20" href="#fn:20"><sup>20</sup></a> </p><p>In France, the space between <a href="/facts/Social_revolution/NjFCDlg3">social revolution</a> and the <a href="/facts/Socially_conservative/96NpePX8">socially conservative</a> <i>laissez-faire</i> <a href="/facts/Centre-right/t05mK4rv">centre-right</a> was filled with the emergence of <a href="/facts/Radicalism_(historical)/aMoWMR8Q">radicalism</a> which thought that <a href="/facts/Social_progress/xerueoQV">social progress</a> required <a href="/facts/Anti-clericalism/b8Vf1NB0">anti-clericalism</a>, <a href="/facts/Humanism/lM8R0wLs">humanism</a>, and <a href="/facts/Republicanism/gUetSmCx">republicanism</a>. Especially anti-clericalism was the dominant influence on the <a href="/facts/Centre-left/UVLcWS99">centre-left</a> in many French- and Romance-speaking countries until the mid-20th century. In <a href="/facts/Imperial_Germany/lwQutJyN">Imperial Germany</a>, Chancellor <a href="/facts/Otto_von_Bismarck/4EGd7TCI">Otto von Bismarck</a> enacted various progressive <a href="/facts/Social_welfare/awUwQxkd">social welfare</a> measures out of <a href="/facts/Paternalistic_conservative/z2CGt512">paternalistic conservative</a> motivations to distance workers from the <a href="/facts/Socialist_movement/vguVrPFV">socialist movement</a> of the time and as humane ways to assist in maintaining the <a href="/facts/Industrial_Revolution/B6E3Fasm">Industrial Revolution</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:21" href="#fn:21"><sup>21</sup></a> </p><p>In 1891, the <a href="/facts/Roman_Catholic_Church/rJ4F4gqH">Roman Catholic Church</a> encyclical <i><a href="/facts/Rerum_novarum/DQzE3Wrv">Rerum novarum</a></i> issued by <a href="/facts/Pope_Leo_XIII/bdovwR3o">Pope Leo XIII</a> condemned the <a href="/facts/Exploitation_of_labor/SSy9Hk6V">exploitation of labor</a> and urged support for <a href="/facts/Labor_unions/PjeN2WKu">labor unions</a> and <a href="/facts/Government_regulation/eFR0l2x9">government regulation</a> of businesses in the interests of <a href="/facts/Social_justice/yPVcRR0w">social justice</a> while upholding the <a href="/facts/Property_right/sF4Wc7g7">property right</a> and criticising socialism.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:22" href="#fn:22"><sup>22</sup></a> A progressive <a href="/facts/Protestant/NXja4K3g">Protestant</a> outlook called the <a href="/facts/Social_Gospel/pV1t1noJ">Social Gospel</a> emerged in North America that focused on challenging economic exploitation and poverty and, by the mid-1890s, was common in many Protestant theological seminaries in the United States.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:23" href="#fn:23"><sup>23</sup></a> </p><p>Early 20th-century progressivism included support for American engagement in <a href="/facts/World_War_I/vITTUanQ">World War I</a> and the creation of and participation in the <a href="/facts/League_of_Nations/PQlcKzXs">League of Nations</a>,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:24" href="#fn:24"><sup>24</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:25" href="#fn:25"><sup>25</sup></a> <a href="/facts/Compulsory_sterilisation/3nxJMvV4">compulsory sterilisation</a> in Scandinavia,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:26" href="#fn:26"><sup>26</sup></a> and <a href="/facts/Eugenics/e7w6aSUV">eugenics</a> in Great Britain,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:27" href="#fn:27"><sup>27</sup></a> and the <a href="/facts/Temperance_movement/qT39UsE9">temperance movement</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:28" href="#fn:28"><sup>28</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:29" href="#fn:29"><sup>29</sup></a> Progressives believed that <a href="/facts/Progress/xerueoQV">progress</a> was stifled by <a href="/facts/Economic_inequality/2Kb0kBH5">economic inequality</a>, inadequately regulated <a href="/facts/Monopolistic/BXIQWUmR">monopolistic</a> corporations, and conflict between workers and elites, arguing that corrective measures were needed.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:30" href="#fn:30"><sup>30</sup></a> </p> <h3>Contemporary political conception of the philosophy</h3> <p>In the United States, progressivism began as an intellectual rebellion against the political philosophy of <a href="/facts/Constitutionalism/PKDbRQEz">Constitutionalism</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:31" href="#fn:31"><sup>31</sup></a> as expressed by <a href="/facts/John_Locke/NlpkCxcX">John Locke</a> and the <a href="/facts/Founding_Fathers_of_the_United_States/2QxuFllb">Founding Fathers of the American Republic</a>, whereby the authority of government depends on observing limitations on its just powers.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:32" href="#fn:32"><sup>32</sup></a> What began as a <a href="/facts/Social_movement/MMt07XNv">social movement</a> in the 1890s grew into a popular <a href="/facts/Political_movement/UQyJz4eY">political movement</a> referred to as the <a href="/facts/Progressive_Era/VhKLrvcU">Progressive Era</a>; in the <a href="/facts/1912_United_States_presidential_election/KTI0HH74">1912 United States presidential election</a>, all three U.S. presidential candidates claimed to be progressives. While the term <i>progressivism</i> represents a range of diverse <a href="/facts/Political_pressure_group/7oNDHtPI">political pressure groups</a>, not always united, progressives rejected <a href="/facts/Social_Darwinism/LwLkddXI">social Darwinism</a>, believing that the problems society faced, such as <a href="/facts/Class_warfare/HUQIUXTj">class warfare</a>, <a href="/facts/Greed/FyCYB3wf">greed</a>, <a href="/facts/Poverty/hNLtrNmK">poverty</a>, <a href="/facts/Racism/SfrqGbu8">racism</a> and <a href="/facts/Violence/eJlCdt82">violence</a>, could best be addressed by providing good education, a safe environment, and an efficient workplace. Progressives lived mainly in the cities, were college educated, and believed in a strong central government.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:33" href="#fn:33"><sup>33</sup></a> President <a href="/facts/Theodore_Roosevelt/WzUPbcbo">Theodore Roosevelt</a> of the <a href="/facts/Republican_Party_(United_States)/XXM1EVPr">Republican Party</a> and later the <a href="/facts/Progressive_Party_(United_States%2c_1912)/WK8bXYYL">Progressive Party</a> declared that he "always believed that wise progressivism and wise conservatism go hand in hand."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:34" href="#fn:34"><sup>34</sup></a> </p><p>President <a href="/facts/Woodrow_Wilson/zE4yxK2X">Woodrow Wilson</a> was also a member of the American progressive movement within the <a href="/facts/Democratic_Party_(United_States)/MNe3nDrL">Democratic Party</a>. Progressive stances have evolved. <a href="/facts/Imperialism/JvofndS2">Imperialism</a> was a controversial issue within progressivism in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, particularly in the United States, where some progressives supported <a href="/facts/American_imperialism/hd2Pxs5u">American imperialism</a> while others opposed it.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:35" href="#fn:35"><sup>35</sup></a> In response to <a href="/facts/World_War_I/vITTUanQ">World War I</a>, President <a href="/facts/Woodrow_Wilson/zE4yxK2X">Woodrow Wilson</a>'s <a href="/facts/Fourteen_Points/HSsnCNU2">Fourteen Points</a> established the concept of national <a href="/facts/Self-determination/bk7dhtju">self-determination</a> and criticised imperialist competition and colonial injustices. <a href="/facts/Anti-imperialists/Ryuuzfym">Anti-imperialists</a> supported these views in areas resisting imperial rule.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:36" href="#fn:36"><sup>36</sup></a> </p><p> During the period of acceptance of economic <a href="/facts/Keynesianism/t4nVlVDw">Keynesianism</a> (the 1930s–1970s), there was widespread acceptance in many nations of a large role for <a href="/facts/State_intervention/ogcBsRWI">state intervention</a> in the economy. With the rise of <a href="/facts/Neoliberalism/UfqKadhe">neoliberalism</a> and challenges to state <a href="/facts/Interventionism_(politics)/m76NUyPw">interventionist</a> policies in the 1970s and 1980s, <a href="/facts/Centre-left/UVLcWS99">centre-left</a> progressive movements responded by adopting the <a href="/facts/Third_Way/q9bbL37a">Third Way</a>, which emphasised a major role for the <a href="/facts/Market_economy/d56S7haK">market economy</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:37" href="#fn:37"><sup>37</sup></a> </p><p> There have been <a href="/facts/Social_democrats/Ttb0ryDT">social democrats</a> who have called for the social-democratic movement to move past Third Way.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:38" href="#fn:38"><sup>38</sup></a> Prominent <a href="/facts/Progressive_conservatism/wHpMcNDS">progressive conservative</a> elements in the British <a href="/facts/Conservative_Party_(UK)/0LPlRq1a">Conservative Party</a> have criticised neoliberalism.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:39" href="#fn:39"><sup>39</sup></a> </p><p>In the 21st century, progressives continue to favour <a href="/facts/Public_policy/fYl7gXaC">public policy</a> that they theorise will reduce or lessen the harmful effects of <a href="/facts/Economic_inequality/2Kb0kBH5">economic inequality</a> as well as systemic <a href="/facts/Discrimination/B2M2HqxR">discrimination</a> such as <a href="/facts/Institutional_racism/k8pjbfYq">institutional racism</a>; to advocate for <a href="/facts/Social_safety_net/VVh2dj92">social safety nets</a> and <a href="/facts/Workers%2527_rights/ugSfcMDf">workers' rights</a>; and to oppose <a href="/facts/Corporate/hykSVoWJ">corporate</a> influence on the democratic process. The unifying theme is to call attention to the negative impacts of current institutions or ways of doing things and to advocate for <a href="/facts/Social_progress/xerueoQV">social progress</a>, i.e., for positive change as defined by any of several standards such as the expansion of <a href="/facts/Democracy/3tLdVS1C">democracy</a>, increased <a href="/facts/Egalitarianism/ggyw0hYI">egalitarianism</a> in the form of <a href="/facts/Economic_egalitarianism/ggyw0hYI">economic</a> and <a href="/facts/Social_equality/z9HzjDqI">social equality</a> as well as improved well-being of a population. Proponents of social democracy have identified themselves as promoting the progressive cause.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:40" href="#fn:40"><sup>40</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="types">Types</h2> <h3>Cultural progressivism</h3> <p>Progressivism, in the general sense, mainly means social and cultural progressivism. The term <i><a href="/facts/Cultural_liberalism/0qn4Eped">cultural liberalism</a></i> is used in a substantially similar context and can be said to be a synonym for cultural progressivism.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:41" href="#fn:41"><sup>41</sup></a> Unlike progressives in a broader sense, some cultural progressives may be economically <a href="/facts/Centrist/jybYq4vR">centrist</a>, <a href="/facts/Fiscal_conservatism/YyGNlcRd">conservative</a>, or politically <a href="/facts/Libertarian/IWNllND8">libertarian</a>. The <a href="/facts/Czech_Pirate_Party/kjaocnfq">Czech Pirate Party</a> is classified as a (cultural or social) progressive party,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:42" href="#fn:42"><sup>42</sup></a> and it calls itself "economically centrist and socially liberal".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:43" href="#fn:43"><sup>43</sup></a> </p> <h3>Economic progressivism</h3> <p class="note">Main article: <a href="/facts/Economic_progressivism/pYdwRx61">Economic progressivism</a></p> <p><i>Economic progressivism</i>—also <i>New Progressive Economics</i><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:44" href="#fn:44"><sup>44</sup></a>—is a term used to distinguish it from <i>progressivism</i> in cultural fields. Economic progressives may draw from a variety of economic traditions, including <a href="/facts/Democratic_capitalism/221D5bjn">democratic capitalism</a>, <a href="/facts/Democratic_socialism/JGdYaWre">democratic socialism</a>, <a href="/facts/Social_democracy/Ttb0ryDT">social democracy</a>, and <a href="/facts/Social_liberalism/TMBttxF6">social liberalism</a>. Overall, economic progressives' views are rooted in the concept of <a href="/facts/Social_justice/yPVcRR0w">social justice</a> and the <a href="/facts/Common_good/DxnmnDzQ">common good</a>, and aim to improve the human condition through <a href="/facts/Government_regulation/eFR0l2x9">government regulation</a>, <a href="/facts/Social_protection/Tl9GdgYT">social protections</a> and the maintenance of <a href="/facts/Public_good_(economics)/SmkvSRv3">public goods</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:45" href="#fn:45"><sup>45</sup></a> Some economic progressives may show <a href="/facts/Centre-right_politics/t05mK4rv">centre-right</a> views on cultural issues. These movements are related to <a href="/facts/Communitarianism/cKCosCM5">communitarian</a> conservative movements such as <a href="/facts/Christian_democracy/If75WCac">Christian democracy</a> and <a href="/facts/One-nation_conservatism/PpMeAV1H">one-nation conservatism</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:46" href="#fn:46"><sup>46</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:47" href="#fn:47"><sup>47</sup></a> </p> <h3>Techno progressivism</h3> <p class="note">Main article: <a href="/facts/Techno-progressivism/1SrSjA5o">Techno-progressivism</a></p> <p>An early mention of <i>techno-progressivism</i> appeared in 1999 as the removal of "all political, cultural, biological, and psychological limits to self-actualization and self-realization".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:48" href="#fn:48"><sup>48</sup></a> According to techno-progressivism, scientific and technical aspects of progress are linked to ethical and social developments in society. Therefore, according to the majority of techno-progressive viewpoints, advancements in science and technology will not be considered proper progress until and unless they are accompanied by a fair distribution of the costs, risks, and rewards of these new capabilities. Many techno-progressive critics and supporters believe that while improved democracy, increased justice, decreased violence, and a broader culture of rights are all desirable, they are insufficient on their own to address the problems of modern technological societies unless and until they are accompanied by scientific and technological advancements that uphold and apply these ideals.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:49" href="#fn:49"><sup>49</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:50" href="#fn:50"><sup>50</sup></a>[<i>self-published source?</i>] </p> <h2 id="progressive-parties-or-parties-with-progressive-factions">Progressive parties or parties with progressive factions</h2> <h3>Current parties</h3> <ul><li> <a href="/facts/Afghanistan/v63Auu1C">Afghanistan</a>: <a href="/facts/Solidarity_Party_of_Afghanistan/UxaHhpva">Solidarity Party of Afghanistan</a></li> <li> <a href="/facts/Argentina/aFSA5bAk">Argentina</a>: <a href="/facts/Union_for_the_Homeland/0mdsNV5k">Union for the Homeland</a> (factions)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:51" href="#fn:51"><sup>51</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:52" href="#fn:52"><sup>52</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:53" href="#fn:53"><sup>53</sup></a></li> <li> <a href="/facts/Australia/qLHpbppq">Australia</a>: <a href="/facts/Australian_Greens/Huf8kqPz">Australian Greens</a>,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:54" href="#fn:54"><sup>54</sup></a> <a href="/facts/Fusion_Party_(Australia)/2QkYAUNt">Fusion Party</a>, <a href="/facts/Reason_Party_(Australia)/Y6H0AFpq">Reason Party</a>, <a href="/facts/Australian_Labor_Party/NMNKMoko">Australian Labor Party</a> (factions)</li> <li> <a href="/facts/Belgium/YKuMXP5j">Belgium</a>: <a href="/facts/Ecolo/GGrulKaM">Ecolo</a>, <a href="/facts/Groen_(political_party)/AHgQQfku">Groen</a></li> <li> <a href="/facts/Brazil/QHkG46GL">Brazil</a>: <a href="/facts/Workers%2527_Party_(Brazil)/zUEn1soa">Workers' Party</a>,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:55" href="#fn:55"><sup>55</sup></a> <a href="/facts/Brazilian_Socialist_Party/zdASUnyp">Brazilian Socialist Party</a> (factions),<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:56" href="#fn:56"><sup>56</sup></a> <a href="/facts/Democratic_Labour_Party_(Brazil)/tTSt9tt6">Democratic Labour Party</a>,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:57" href="#fn:57"><sup>57</sup></a> <a href="/facts/Socialism_and_Liberty_Party/gkIUkoMF">Socialism and Liberty Party</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:58" href="#fn:58"><sup>58</sup></a></li> <li> <a href="/facts/Canada/D5P9yqs6">Canada</a>: <a href="/facts/Liberal_Party_of_Canada/4NcQ9pNu">Liberal Party of Canada</a>,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:59" href="#fn:59"><sup>59</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:60" href="#fn:60"><sup>60</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:61" href="#fn:61"><sup>61</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:62" href="#fn:62"><sup>62</sup></a> <a href="/facts/New_Democratic_Party/L1XRJrFX">New Democratic Party</a>, <a href="/facts/Canadian_Future_Party/2k9beofr">Canadian Future Party</a></li> <li> <a href="/facts/Chile/uEyTfEcx">Chile</a>: <a href="/facts/Broad_Front_(Chilean_political_party)/gdGYESg9">Broad Front</a>, <a href="/facts/Liberal_Party_of_Chile_(2013)/FjXD6tfx">Liberal Party of Chile</a></li> <li> <a href="/facts/Colombia/nl7r8Q2u">Colombia</a>: <a href="/facts/Humane_Colombia/dheTWvA2">Humane Colombia</a></li> <li> <a href="/facts/Croatia/MSS0yyvw">Croatia</a>: <a href="/facts/Social_Democratic_Party_of_Croatia/6s0WjpQq">Social Democratic Party</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:63" href="#fn:63"><sup>63</sup></a></li> <li> <a href="/facts/Czech_Republic/vJYLD66Q">Czech Republic</a>: <a href="/facts/Czech_Pirate_Party/kjaocnfq">Czech Pirate Party</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:64" href="#fn:64"><sup>64</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:65" href="#fn:65"><sup>65</sup></a></li> <li> <a href="/facts/France/CxIeIKM3">France</a>: <a href="/facts/Radical_Party_of_the_Left/WhlDaUWU">Radical Party of the Left</a>, <a href="/facts/New_Deal_(France)/atsjLnXj">New Deal</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:66" href="#fn:66"><sup>66</sup></a></li> <li> <a href="/facts/Germany/paluuWBX">Germany</a>: <a href="/facts/Volt_Germany/zP9u5V2l">Volt Germany</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:67" href="#fn:67"><sup>67</sup></a>, <a href="/facts/Alliance_90%2fThe_Greens/HJ8MNBnc">Alliance 90/The Greens</a>, <a href="/facts/Party_of_Humanists/79S5qvoL">Party of Humanists</a></li> <li> <a href="/facts/Greece/lqHw8bTB">Greece</a>: <a href="/facts/Syriza/KUUgBDNH">Syriza</a>,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:68" href="#fn:68"><sup>68</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:69" href="#fn:69"><sup>69</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:70" href="#fn:70"><sup>70</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:71" href="#fn:71"><sup>71</sup></a> <a href="/facts/Course_of_Freedom/FD7RJmFK">Course of Freedom</a></li> <li> <a href="/facts/Hungary/YRedQLtI">Hungary</a>: <a href="/facts/Democratic_Coalition_(Hungary)/JD7MkA22">Democratic Coalition</a></li> <li> <a href="/facts/Italy/tUf0PDYF">Italy</a>: <a href="/facts/Possible_(political_party)/4YS81j9J">Possible</a>, <a href="/facts/Green_Europe/st2ByTNm">Green Europe</a></li> <li> <a href="/facts/Indonesia/vQnWU3IW">Indonesia</a>: <a href="/facts/Green_Party_of_Indonesia/Gh3todtM">Green Party of Indonesia</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:72" href="#fn:72"><sup>72</sup></a></li> <li> <a href="/facts/Japan/U5mz0SRT">Japan</a>: <a href="/facts/Social_Democratic_Party_(Japan)/tGzyQ2pe">Social Democratic Party</a>, <a href="/facts/Japanese_Communist_Party/6xcqchzP">Japanese Communist Party</a>,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:73" href="#fn:73"><sup>73</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:74" href="#fn:74"><sup>74</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:75" href="#fn:75"><sup>75</sup></a> <a href="/facts/Reiwa_Shinsengumi/dDIN26l3">Reiwa Shinsengumi</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:76" href="#fn:76"><sup>76</sup></a></li> <li> <a href="/facts/Kosovo/lbyzI6UW">Kosovo</a>: <a href="/facts/Vet%25C3%25ABvendosje/gXjAs73t">Vetëvendosje</a></li> <li> <a href="/facts/Kuwait/HJLFQ59s">Kuwait</a>: <a href="/facts/Kuwaiti_Progressive_Movement/QxrrATfg">Kuwaiti Progressive Movement</a></li> <li> <a href="/facts/Mexico/IT5bwhdh">Mexico</a>: <a href="/facts/Morena_(political_party)/gaWBFuef">Morena</a>, <a href="/facts/Party_of_the_Democratic_Revolution/3aTzAojE">Party of the Democratic Revolution</a>, <a href="/facts/Citizens%2527_Movement_(Mexico)/rrw9US4f">Citizens' Movement</a></li> <li> <a href="/facts/Netherlands/y8xn5stT">Netherlands</a>: <a href="/facts/Democrats_66/sWay0oKR">Democrats 66</a>, <a href="/facts/GroenLinks/BA3P4HG6">GroenLinks</a>,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:77" href="#fn:77"><sup>77</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:78" href="#fn:78"><sup>78</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:79" href="#fn:79"><sup>79</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:80" href="#fn:80"><sup>80</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:81" href="#fn:81"><sup>81</sup></a> <a href="/facts/Labour_Party_(Netherlands)/SasfLju4">PvdA</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:82" href="#fn:82"><sup>82</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:83" href="#fn:83"><sup>83</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:84" href="#fn:84"><sup>84</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:85" href="#fn:85"><sup>85</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:86" href="#fn:86"><sup>86</sup></a></li> <li> <a href="/facts/Pakistan/cbIsvJy1">Pakistan</a>: <a href="/facts/Pakistan_Peoples_Party/koC4hn71">Pakistan Peoples Party</a></li> <li> <a href="/facts/Peru/dBt7XrYD">Peru</a>: <a href="/facts/Purple_Party/EM3x6QJY">Purple Party</a></li> <li> <a href="/facts/Philippines/ARpmxXQV">Philippines</a>: <a href="/facts/Akbayan/8TAkYhtF">Akbayan</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:87" href="#fn:87"><sup>87</sup></a></li> <li> <a href="/facts/Poland/eXJ7fd0D">Poland</a>: <a href="/facts/Polish_Initiative/A5pdpMcL">Polish Initiative</a>, <a href="/facts/New_Left_(Poland)/9QcXYtXc">New Left</a>, <a href="/facts/Left_Together/qRTVQd4I">Left Together</a>, <a href="/facts/Polish_Socialist_Party/SX8MgvlI">Polish Socialist Party</a>, <a href="/facts/The_Greens_(Poland)/VJhfnSpS">The Greens</a>, <a href="/facts/Civic_Platform/0zCY1tYC">Civic Platform</a> (faction)</li> <li> <a href="/facts/Portugal/lYzwDQ63">Portugal</a>: <a href="/facts/Socialist_Party_(Portugal)/fb7MqdvC">Socialist Party</a>, <a href="/facts/Left_Bloc_(Portugal)/LEGhbDlD">Left Bloc</a>, <a href="/facts/People_Animals_Nature/gBgICjNy">People Animals Nature</a>,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:88" href="#fn:88"><sup>88</sup></a> <a href="/facts/LIVRE/LUbx01BV">LIVRE</a>, <a href="/facts/Volt_Portugal/zgDsr2M5">Volt Portugal</a></li> <li> <a href="/facts/Romania/yolzk5cN">Romania</a>: <a href="/facts/Save_Romania_Union/u5F2McIy">Save Romania Union</a>, <a href="/facts/Democracy_and_Solidarity_Party/BduKJs2H">Democracy and Solidarity Party</a>, <a href="/facts/Volt_Romania/TAwKph4R">Volt Romania</a>, <a href="/facts/Health_Education_Nature_Sustainability_Party/jovGX74R">Health Education Nature Sustainability Party</a></li> <li> <a href="/facts/Russia/jfkCwyxn">Russia</a>: <a href="/facts/Yabloko/mK0WRwAP">Yabloko</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:89" href="#fn:89"><sup>89</sup></a></li> <li> <a href="/facts/Serbia/U0LVzPdI">Serbia</a>: <a href="/facts/Party_of_the_Radical_Left/GkpynJ3N">Party of the Radical Left</a></li> <li> <a href="/facts/Singapore/CQDkhUvD">Singapore</a>: <a href="/facts/Progress_Singapore_Party/pJqsn313">Progress Singapore Party</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:90" href="#fn:90"><sup>90</sup></a></li> <li> <a href="/facts/Slovakia/gmJwpwM3">Slovakia</a>: <a href="/facts/Progressive_Slovakia/qWvhFBsC">Progressive Slovakia</a></li> <li> <a href="/facts/South_Korea/pCobAaVw">South Korea</a>: <a href="/facts/Justice_Party_(South_Korea)/ybGWpYfl">Justice Party</a>, <a href="/facts/Progressive_Party_(South_Korea%2c_2017)/NSjQ6mVf">Progressive Party</a>,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:91" href="#fn:91"><sup>91</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:92" href="#fn:92"><sup>92</sup></a> <a href="/facts/Mirae_Party/T6cD6nxL">Mirae Party</a></li> <li> <a href="/facts/Spain/bIyrB8EY">Spain</a>: <a href="/facts/Spanish_Socialist_Worker%2527s_Party/6TloKKJ8">Spanish Socialist Worker's Party</a>,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:93" href="#fn:93"><sup>93</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:94" href="#fn:94"><sup>94</sup></a> <a href="/facts/M%25C3%25A1s_Madrid/vmSIn1XI">Más Madrid</a>,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:95" href="#fn:95"><sup>95</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:96" href="#fn:96"><sup>96</sup></a> <a href="/facts/Sumar_(electoral_platform)/tVu67PDr">Sumar</a>, <a href="/facts/Republican_Left_of_Catalonia/VWyRVfT0">Republican Left of Catalonia</a></li> <li> <a href="/facts/Taiwan/VcJoUD8w">Taiwan</a>: <a href="/facts/Democratic_Progressive_Party/8q8AGqkt">Democratic Progressive Party</a>,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:97" href="#fn:97"><sup>97</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:98" href="#fn:98"><sup>98</sup></a> <a href="/facts/New_Power_Party/SfNYmTwj">New Power Party</a>, <a href="/facts/Taiwan_People%2527s_Party/tpLK5hvg">Taiwan People's Party</a> (factions)</li> <li> <a href="/facts/Thailand/GCUnN4JK">Thailand</a>: <a href="/facts/Thai_Liberal_Party/TSNKsqgI">Thai Liberal Party</a>,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:99" href="#fn:99"><sup>99</sup></a> <a href="/facts/People%2527s_Party_(Thailand%2c_2024)/2jbd1hIv">People's Party</a></li> <li> <a href="/facts/Turkey/KIYAWAs0">Turkey</a>: <a href="/facts/Republican_People%2527s_Party/A2wGBefn">Republican People's Party</a></li> <li> <a href="/facts/United_Kingdom/kuPAILt2">United Kingdom</a>: <a href="/facts/Green_Party_of_England_and_Wales/C7B1mApM">Green Party of England and Wales</a>,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:100" href="#fn:100"><sup>100</sup></a> <a href="/facts/Labour_Party_(UK)/jr0wYRdF">Labour Party</a> (factions), <a href="/facts/Liberal_Democrats_(UK)/rzGyr41m">Liberal Democrats</a> (factions), <a href="/facts/Scottish_National_Party/szB9zEcs">Scottish National Party</a>, <a href="/facts/Plaid_Cymru/YbAuvqW8">Plaid Cymru</a>, <a href="/facts/Social_Democratic_and_Labour_Party/MPkwIVdH">Social Democratic and Labour Party</a>, <a href="/facts/Transform_(political_party)/dnwRX7t4">Transform</a></li> <li> <a href="/facts/United_States/P0sCdLe5">United States</a>: <a href="/facts/Democratic_Party_(United_States)/MNe3nDrL">Democratic Party</a> (factions),<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:101" href="#fn:101"><sup>101</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:102" href="#fn:102"><sup>102</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:103" href="#fn:103"><sup>103</sup></a> <a href="/facts/Working_Families_Party/NedR2Ahh">Working Families Party</a>,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:104" href="#fn:104"><sup>104</sup></a> <a href="/facts/Green_Party_of_the_United_States/qG9jzWQR">Green Party of the United States</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:105" href="#fn:105"><sup>105</sup></a></li> <li> <a href="/facts/Venezuela/eX1qnkln">Venezuela</a>: <a href="/facts/Popular_Will/upLhBV4Q">Popular Will</a></li></ul> <h3>Former parties</h3> <ul><li> <a href="/facts/Argentina/aFSA5bAk">Argentina</a>: <a href="/facts/Front_for_Victory/tRD86KQ9">Front for Victory</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:106" href="#fn:106"><sup>106</sup></a></li> <li> <a href="/facts/Canada/D5P9yqs6">Canada</a>: <a href="/facts/Progressive_Party_of_Canada/WA8ezcPj">Progressive Party of Canada</a></li> <li> <a href="/facts/Chile/uEyTfEcx">Chile</a>: <a href="/facts/Social_Convergence/8jlcVLUa">Social Convergence</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:107" href="#fn:107"><sup>107</sup></a></li> <li> <a href="/facts/France/CxIeIKM3">France</a>: <a href="/facts/Movement_Party_(France)/69jrnfWM">Movement Party</a>,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:108" href="#fn:108"><sup>108</sup></a> <a href="/facts/Opportunist_Republicans/bCJsD7Tc">Opportunist Republicans</a></li> <li> <a href="/facts/Hong_Kong/4nAf3mqQ">Hong Kong</a>: <a href="/facts/Demosisto/wLJEgKsf">Demosisto</a></li> <li> <a href="/facts/Iran/24yukge8">Iran</a>: <a href="/facts/Society_for_the_Progress_of_Iran/hq9cHaqH">Society for the Progress of Iran</a></li> <li> <a href="/facts/Israel/dEe3IcaY">Israel</a>: <a href="/facts/Meretz/7nKqIEPM">Meretz</a></li> <li> <a href="/facts/Japan/U5mz0SRT">Japan</a>: <a href="/facts/Japan_Socialist_Party/5KbsMBjJ">Japan Socialist Party</a></li> <li> <a href="/facts/Netherlands/y8xn5stT">Netherlands</a>: <a href="/facts/Free-thinking_Democratic_League/KJfkkMx3">Free-thinking Democratic League</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:109" href="#fn:109"><sup>109</sup></a></li> <li> <a href="/facts/New_Zealand/4mpSlJdg">New Zealand</a>: <a href="/facts/Jim_Anderton%2527s_Progressive_Party/buQWr42j">Jim Anderton's Progressive Party</a></li> <li> <a href="/facts/Pakistan/cbIsvJy1">Pakistan</a>: <a href="/facts/Sindh_National_Front/tDofdSnN">Sindh National Front</a></li> <li> <a href="/facts/Poland/eXJ7fd0D">Poland</a>: <a href="/facts/Spring_(political_party)/gIDut4Jm">Spring</a>, <a href="/facts/Your_Movement/MbbRKtMe">Your Movement</a></li> <li> <a href="/facts/Romania/yolzk5cN">Romania</a>: <a href="/facts/Romanian_Social_Party/jHArlRLS">Romanian Social Party</a>, <a href="/facts/National_Union_for_the_Progress_of_Romania/N6HIv4aM">National Union for the Progress of Romania</a></li> <li> <a href="/facts/South_Korea/pCobAaVw">South Korea</a>: <a href="/facts/Progressive_Party_(South_Korea%2c_1956)/Hd8VocGM">Progressive Party (1956)</a>, <a href="/facts/Democratic_Labor_Party_(South_Korea)/xBbskL04">Democratic Labor Party</a>,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:110" href="#fn:110"><sup>110</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:111" href="#fn:111"><sup>111</sup></a> <a href="/facts/New_Progressive_Party_(South_Korea)/tMb6z5Lx">New Progressive Party</a>, <a href="/facts/Unified_Progressive_Party/xytJISo2">Unified Progressive Party</a></li> <li> <a href="/facts/Spain/bIyrB8EY">Spain</a>: <a href="/facts/Unidas_Podemos/Va5PpjpP">Unidas Podemos</a></li> <li> <a href="/facts/Thailand/GCUnN4JK">Thailand</a>: <a href="/facts/Move_Forward_Party/j7cV93eJ">Move Forward Party</a></li> <li> <a href="/facts/United_States/P0sCdLe5">United States</a>: <a href="/facts/Progressive_Party_(United_States%2c_1912)/WK8bXYYL">Progressive Party (1912)</a>, <a href="/facts/Progressive_Party_(United_States%2c_1924)/8bD1LcJY">Progressive Party (1924)</a>, <a href="/facts/Progressive_Party_(United_States%2c_1948)/rIR8DXCl">Progressive Party (1948)</a></li></ul> <h2 id="see-also">See also</h2> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Affirmative_action/Jk96592r">Affirmative action</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Democracy/3tLdVS1C">Democracy</a> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Democratic_socialism/JGdYaWre">Democratic socialism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/facts/Economic_progressivism/pYdwRx61">Economic progressivism</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Egalitarianism/ggyw0hYI">Egalitarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Left-wing_politics/JUcz1kvS">Left-wing politics</a> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Green_politics/3uzob1pB">Green politics</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Left-libertarianism/X97aVJ68">Left-libertarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Left-wing_nationalism/XbxUq7lE">Left-wing nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Left-wing_populism/GQeoynTp">Left-wing populism</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Liberal_socialism/njDWJCyY">Liberal socialism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/facts/Liberalism/nj54a01U">Liberalism</a> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Modern_liberalism_in_the_United_States/HGn9XCda">Modern liberalism in the United States</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/facts/Managerial_state/HRz9c2VN">Managerial state</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Progressive_Era/VhKLrvcU">Progressive Era</a> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Progressive_conservatism/wHpMcNDS">Progressive conservatism</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Progressive_Party_(disambiguation)/qSW3Ix4m">Progressive Party</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Progressive_tax/oBGoK7x4">Progressive tax</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/facts/Radicalism_(historical)/aMoWMR8Q">Radicalism (historical)</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Reformist_party_(Japan)/fSg6mDgP">Reformist party (Japan)</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Revisionism_(Marxism)/6zeco0fo">Revisionism (Marxism)</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Secularism/QEGcV0XI">Secularism</a> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Secular_liberalism/tNo71oye">Secular liberalism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/facts/Transhumanism/lTkdgFLo">Transhumanism</a> <ul><li><a href="/facts/New_eugenics/XSoCL7t1">New eugenics</a> (<a href="/facts/Eugenics/e7w6aSUV">Not the precursor</a>)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Techno-progressivism/1SrSjA5o">Techno-progressivism</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Transhumanist_politics/vl7EfcHx">Transhumanist politics</a></li></ul></li></ul> <h3>Citations</h3> <h3>Sources</h3> <ul><li>Dudley, Larkin Sims. "Enduring narratives from progressivism." <i>International Journal of Organization Theory & Behavior</i> 7.3 (2003): 315–340.</li></ul> <ul><li>Eisenach, Eldon J., ed. <i>Social and Political Thought of American Progressivism.</i> (Hackett Publishing, 2006).</li> <li>Frohman, Larry. "The Break-Up of the Poor Laws—German Style: Progressivism and the Origins of the Welfare State, 1900–1918." <i>Comparative Studies in Society and History</i> 50.4 (2008): 981–1009.</li></ul> <ul><li>Jackson, Ben. "Equality and the British Left: A study in progressive political thought, 1900-64." in <i>Equality and the British Left</i> (2013)</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/facts/James_T._Kloppenberg/PqKHed4R">Kloppenberg, James T.</a> <i>Uncertain Victory: Social Democracy and Progressivism in European and American Thought, 1870–1920</i>. Oxford University Press, US, 1988. <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 0195053044.</li> <li><a href="/facts/George_Lakoff/gT0I0UNd">Lakoff, George</a>. <i>Don't Think of an Elephant: Know Your Values and Frame the Debate</i>. Chelsea Green Publishing, 2004. <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 1931498717.</li> <li><a href="/facts/Arthur_S._Link/TW3DdmCp">Link, Arthur S.</a> and <a href="/facts/Richard_L._McCormick/1rpbN0Ls">McCormick, Richard L.</a> <i>Progressivism (American History Series)</i>. Harlan Davidson, 1983. <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 0882958143.</li> <li><a href="/facts/Michael_McGerr/4oxhmeDW">McGerr, Michael</a>. <i>A Fierce Discontent: The Rise and Fall of the Progressive Movement in America, 1870–1920</i>. 2003.</li> <li>Nugent, Walter. <i>Progressivism: A very short introduction</i> (Oxford University Press, 2009).</li> <li>Petrow, Stefan. "Progressivism in Australia: the case of John Daniel Fitzgerald, 1900-1922." <i>Journal of the Royal Australian Historical Society</i> 90.1 (2004): 53–74.</li> <li>Sawyer, Stephen, and William J. Novak. "Emancipation and the creation of modern liberal states in America and France." <i>Journal of the civil war era</i> 3.4 (2013): 467–500. <a href="https://www.academia.edu/download/36921796/Sawyer_and_Novak__Modern_Liberal_State.pdf">online</a>[<i>permanent dead link</i>]</li></ul> <ul><li>Schutz, Aaron. <a href="http://www.educationaction.org/"><i>Social Class, Social Action, and Education: The Failure of Progressive Democracy</i></a>. Palgrave, Macmillan, 2010. <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 9780230105911.</li> <li>Tröhler, Daniel. <a href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/316660070_Progressivism"><i>Progressivism</i></a>. In: <i>Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Education</i>. Oxford University Press, 2017.</li></ul> <h2 id="external-links">External links</h2> Wikimedia Commons has media related to Progressivism. Wikiquote has quotations related to <i>Progressivism</i>. <ul><li><a href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/progressivism">Progressivism</a> – entry at the <i><a href="/facts/Encyclop%25C3%25A6dia_Britannica/CEyVsjlN">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i></li></ul> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>"Progressivism in English". Oxford English Dictionary. Archived from the original on 21 March 2019. Retrieved 2 May 2017. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190321174257/https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/progressivism" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20190321174257/https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/progressivism</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>Harold Mah. Enlightenment Phantasies: Cultural Identity in France and Germany, 1750–1914. Cornell University. (2003). p. 157. <a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=WVlGIelNNNcC" target="_blank">https://books.google.com/books?id=WVlGIelNNNcC</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>Klaus P. Fischer, ed. (2007). America in White, Black, and Gray: A History of the Stormy 1960s. Bloomsbury Publishing USA. p. 39. <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>Great Courses, ed. (2014). The Modern Political Tradition: Episode 17: Progressivism and New Liberalism. Great Courses.[ISBN missing] <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" target="_blank">/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>Helen Hardacre; Timothy S. George; Keigo Komamura; Franziska Seraphim, eds. (2021). Japanese Constitutional Revisionism and Civic Activism. Rowman & Littlefield. pp. 136, 162.[ISBN missing] <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" target="_blank">/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:6"><p>Gerstle, Gary (2022). The Rise and Fall of the Neoliberal Order: America and the World in the Free Market Era. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0197519646. Archived from the original on 26 June 2022. Retrieved 1 August 2024. The most sweeping account of how neoliberalism came to dominate American politics for nearly a half century before crashing against the forces of Trumpism on the right and a new progressivism on the left. <a href="978-0197519646" target="_blank">978-0197519646</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:7"><p>"America Is Becoming a Social Democracy". Foreign Policy. 7 May 2021. 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I was working on my doctoral dissertation largely concerning difficulties and opportunities for socially conservative, economically progressive movements, and desired to get involved in such movements ... and was glad to see that ASP was interested in applying such ways of thinking to contemporary issues. <a href="https://cruxnow.com/interviews/2018/11/new-political-party-says-its-roots-are-in-catholic-social-teaching/" target="_blank">https://cruxnow.com/interviews/2018/11/new-political-party-says-its-roots-are-in-catholic-social-teaching/</a> <a href="#fnref:9" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:10"><p>Gerstle, Gary (2022). The Rise and Fall of the Neoliberal Order: America and the World in the Free Market Era. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0197519646. Archived from the original on 26 June 2022. Retrieved 1 August 2024. 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"Constitutionalism". In Zalta, Edward N. (ed.). The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University – via Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. <a href="https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/spr2018/entries/constitutionalism/" target="_blank">https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/spr2018/entries/constitutionalism/</a> <a href="#fnref:31" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:32"><p>Watson, Bradley (2020). Progressivism : the strange history of a radical idea. Notre Dame, Indiana: University of Notre Dame Press. p. 11. ISBN 9780268106973. <a href="9780268106973" target="_blank">9780268106973</a> <a href="#fnref:32" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:33"><p>"The Progressive Era (1890–1920)". The Eleanor Roosevelt Papers Project. Archived 20 January 2020 at the Wayback Machine. 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"But in office, he seemed a cultural liberal who failed to produce on economics." <a href="9781619020962" target="_blank">9781619020962</a> <a href="#fnref:41" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:42"><p>Slawek Blitch. Finally, a healthy dose of anti-establishment. politicalcritique.org. 8 January 2018. <a href="http://politicalcritique.org/cee/czech-republic/2018/finally-a-healthy-dose-of-anti-establishment/" target="_blank">http://politicalcritique.org/cee/czech-republic/2018/finally-a-healthy-dose-of-anti-establishment/</a> <a href="#fnref:42" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:43"><p>"Piráti chtějí vést liberální politický střed a v květnu získat 20 procent, zaznělo na fóru v Táboře" (in Czech). ČT24. 19 January 2019. <a href="https://ct24.ceskatelevize.cz/domaci/2710052-pirati-se-schazeji-v-tabore-sest-se-jich-se-utka-o-vedeni-kandidatky-do-evropskeho" target="_blank">https://ct24.ceskatelevize.cz/domaci/2710052-pirati-se-schazeji-v-tabore-sest-se-jich-se-utka-o-vedeni-kandidatky-do-evropskeho</a> <a href="#fnref:43" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:44"><p>Prokop, Andrew (4 October 2024). "The rise — and fall? — of the New Progressive Economics". Vox. <a href="https://www.vox.com/2024-elections/377170/kamala-harris-economic-policy-new-progressive-economics" target="_blank">https://www.vox.com/2024-elections/377170/kamala-harris-economic-policy-new-progressive-economics</a> <a href="#fnref:44" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:45"><p>"The Origins and Evolution of Progressive Economics". <a href="https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/democracy/reports/2011/03/14/9311/the-origins-and-evolution-of-progressive-economics/" target="_blank">https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/democracy/reports/2011/03/14/9311/the-origins-and-evolution-of-progressive-economics/</a> <a href="#fnref:45" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:46"><p>"Did you know there's a third party based on Catholic teaching?". Catholic News Agency. 12 October 2016. Retrieved 24 December 2021. Politically, we would be considered center-right on social issues <a href="https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/34726/did-you-know-theres-a-third-party-based-on-catholic-teaching" target="_blank">https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/34726/did-you-know-theres-a-third-party-based-on-catholic-teaching</a> <a href="#fnref:46" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:47"><p>"New political party says its roots are in Catholic Social Teaching". 26 November 2018. Retrieved 17 November 2021. I was working on my doctoral dissertation largely concerning difficulties and opportunities for socially conservative, economically progressive movements, and desired to get involved in such movements ... and was glad to see that ASP was interested in applying such ways of thinking to contemporary issues. <a href="https://cruxnow.com/interviews/2018/11/new-political-party-says-its-roots-are-in-catholic-social-teaching/" target="_blank">https://cruxnow.com/interviews/2018/11/new-political-party-says-its-roots-are-in-catholic-social-teaching/</a> <a href="#fnref:47" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:48"><p>Sikora, Tomasz (2003). The Cultural Dimension of Waste: a Critique of the Ethos of Technology. 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Retrieved 28 January 2007. <a href="/wiki/Dale_Carrico" target="_blank">/wiki/Dale_Carrico</a> <a href="#fnref:50" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:51"><p>"La llamativa definición política de Alberto Fernández: "Soy de la rama del liberalismo progresista peronista"". Clarín. 19 July 2019. Archived from the original on 6 November 2019. Retrieved 6 November 2019. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191106143309/https://www.clarin.com/politica/llamativa-definicion-politica-alberto-fernandez-rama-liberalismo-progresista-peronista_0_Ym3yLMfHX.html" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20191106143309/https://www.clarin.com/politica/llamativa-definicion-politica-alberto-fernandez-rama-liberalismo-progresista-peronista_0_Ym3yLMfHX.html</a> <a href="#fnref:51" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:52"><p>"Juan Grabois lanza el Frente Patria Grande que lideraría Cristina Kirchner". Perfil (in Spanish). 27 October 2018. Retrieved 27 April 2020. <a href="https://www.perfil.com/noticias/politica/juan-grabois-lanza-el-frente-patria-grande-que-liderara-cristina-fernandez.phtml" target="_blank">https://www.perfil.com/noticias/politica/juan-grabois-lanza-el-frente-patria-grande-que-liderara-cristina-fernandez.phtml</a> <a href="#fnref:52" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:53"><p>"Alberto Fernández: "Soy más hijo de la cultura hippie que de las veinte verdades peronistas"". 12 April 2020. <a href="https://www.perfil.com/noticias/periodismopuro/alberto-fernandez-soy-mas-hijo-de-la-cultura-hippie-que-de-las-veinte-verdades-peronistas.phtml" target="_blank">https://www.perfil.com/noticias/periodismopuro/alberto-fernandez-soy-mas-hijo-de-la-cultura-hippie-que-de-las-veinte-verdades-peronistas.phtml</a> <a href="#fnref:53" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:54"><p>Lopez, Daniel; Bandt, Adam (3 September 2021). "Australian Greens Are Building a Movement to End Neoliberalism". Jacobin. Retrieved 19 October 2021. <a href="/wiki/Adam_Bandt" target="_blank">/wiki/Adam_Bandt</a> <a href="#fnref:54" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:55"><p>Liisa L. North, Timothy D. Clark, ed. (2017). Dominant Elites in Latin America: From Neo-Liberalism to the 'Pink Tide'. Springer. p. 212. ISBN 9783319532554. In Brazil, as Simone Bohn makes straightforward (Chap. 3), the progressive Workers' Party (Partido dos Trabalhadores, PT) governments did not threaten the power of the national elite or landlord class; ... <a href="9783319532554" target="_blank">9783319532554</a> <a href="#fnref:55" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:56"><p>"A trajetória do PSB, o Partido que quer lançar Joaquim Barbosa à Presidência", BBC News Brasil <a href="https://www.bbc.com/portuguese/brasil-43887498" target="_blank">https://www.bbc.com/portuguese/brasil-43887498</a> <a href="#fnref:56" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:57"><p>"O Que é ser progressist?", BBC News Brasil <a href="https://www.bbc.com/portuguese/brasil-62491258" target="_blank">https://www.bbc.com/portuguese/brasil-62491258</a> <a href="#fnref:57" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:58"><p>O que pensam os partidos progressistas sobre o "Efeito Lula", 17 March 2021 <a href="https://www.brasildefato.com.br/2021/03/17/o-que-pensam-os-partidos-progressistas-sobre-o-efeito-lula" target="_blank">https://www.brasildefato.com.br/2021/03/17/o-que-pensam-os-partidos-progressistas-sobre-o-efeito-lula</a> <a href="#fnref:58" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:59"><p>Alvin Finkel (2012). 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