List of codecs

<h2 id="audio-compression-formats">Audio compression formats</h2>
Main article: <a href="/facts/Audio_coding_format/qHAhppfD">Audio coding format</a>
<h3>Non-compression</h3>
<ul><li><a href="/facts/Linear_pulse-code_modulation/5gdfjtH3">Linear pulse-code modulation</a> (LPCM, generally only described as <a href="/facts/PCM/5gdfjtH3">PCM</a>) is the format for uncompressed audio in media files and it is also the standard for <a href="/facts/CD-DA/FDMqNLw5">CD-DA</a>; note that in computers, LPCM is usually stored in <a href="/facts/Container_format_(digital)/mSfwwdSA">container formats</a> such as <a href="/facts/WAV/ptUfKleW">WAV</a>, <a href="/facts/Audio_Interchange_File_Format/zNjxHR1C">AIFF</a>, or <a href="/facts/Au_file_format/bH8R3coK">AU</a>, or as <a href="/facts/Raw_audio_format/8upnCFkj">raw audio format</a>, although not technically necessary.
<ul><li><a href="/facts/FFmpeg/85yf3kHI">FFmpeg</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Pulse-density_modulation/eQqzyEu7">Pulse-density modulation</a> (PDM)
<ul><li><a href="/facts/Direct_Stream_Digital/zczcDLkm">Direct Stream Digital</a> (DSD) is standard for <a href="/facts/Super_Audio_CD/f4a7Gu0V">Super Audio CD</a>
<ul><li>foobar2000 Super Audio CD Decoder (based on MPEG-4 DST reference decoder)</li>
<li>FFmpeg (based on dsd2pcm)</li></ul></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Pulse-amplitude_modulation/Y30VmMJI">Pulse-amplitude modulation</a> (PAM)</li></ul>
<h3>Lossless compression</h3>
Main article: <a href="/facts/Lossless_data_compression/LS702KsN">Lossless data compression</a>
<ul><li>Actively used
<ul><li>Most popular
<ul><li><a href="/facts/FLAC/TbqpHlWy">Free Lossless Audio Codec</a> (FLAC)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:1" href="#fn:1">1</a>
<ul><li>libFLAC</li>
<li>FFmpeg</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Apple_Lossless_Audio_Codec/a0D0hzbK">Apple Lossless Audio Codec</a> (ALAC)
<ul><li>Apple QuickTime</li>
<li>libalac</li>
<li>FFmpeg</li>
<li><a href="/facts/Apple_Music/HdUFLRFz">Apple Music</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:2" href="#fn:2">2</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Monkey%27s_Audio/UIJz1IQG">Monkey's Audio</a> (APE)
<ul><li>Monkey's Audio SDK</li>
<li>FFmpeg (decoder only)</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/OptimFROG/NHF2DoKS">OptimFROG</a> (OFR)</li>
<li>Tom's verlustfreier Audiokompressor (TAK)
<ul><li>TAK SDK</li>
<li>FFmpeg (decoder only)</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/WavPack/MN8nT9Gj">WavPack</a> (WV)
<ul><li>libwavpack</li>
<li>FFmpeg</li></ul></li>
<li>True Audio (TTA)
<ul><li>libtta</li>
<li>FFmpeg</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Windows_Media_Audio/s5zePro7">Windows Media Audio Lossless</a> (WMAL)
<ul><li>Windows Media Encoder</li>
<li>FFmpeg (decoder only)</li></ul></li></ul></li>
<li>Other
<ul><li><a href="/facts/DTS-HD_Master_Audio/zprgCEGx">DTS-HD Master Audio</a>, also known as DTS++ and DCA XLL
<ul><li>libdca (decoder only)</li>
<li>FFmpeg (decoder only)</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Dolby_TrueHD/ySxj3zIY">Dolby TrueHD</a> – Standard for <a href="/facts/DVD-Audio/X5I65Vxd">DVD-Audio</a> in Blu-ray (mathematically based on <a href="/facts/Meridian_Lossless_Packing/uUXCuWSE">MLP</a>)
<ul><li>FFmpeg</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Meridian_Lossless_Packing/uUXCuWSE">Meridian Lossless Packing</a> (MLP), also known as <a href="/facts/Packed_PCM/uUXCuWSE">Packed PCM</a> (PPCM) – Standard for <a href="/facts/DVD-Audio/X5I65Vxd">DVD-Audio</a> in DVD
<ul><li>FFmpeg</li></ul></li>
<li>MPEG-4 <a href="/facts/Audio_Lossless_Coding/ptpbl4hK">Audio Lossless Coding</a> (MPEG-4 ALS)
<ul><li>SSC, DST, ALS and SLS reference software (ISO/IEC 14496-5:2001/Amd.10:2007)</li>
<li>FFmpeg (decoding only)</li></ul></li>
<li>MPEG-4 <a href="/facts/MPEG-4_SLS/0hcHB4NH">Scalable Lossless Coding</a> (MPEG-4 SLS) – Parts of it are used in <a href="/facts/HD-AAC/0hcHB4NH">HD-AAC</a>.
<ul><li>SSC, DST, ALS and SLS reference software (ISO/IEC 14496-5:2001/Amd.10:2007)</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/RealAudio/Hv3XWbRS">RealAudio</a> Lossless
<ul><li>RealPlayer</li>
<li>FFmpeg (decoding only)</li></ul></li>
<li>BFDLAC (BFD Lossless Audio Compression).<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:3" href="#fn:3">3</a> Ongoing development.
<ul><li><a href="/facts/FXpansion/JzAkvNvk">FXpansion</a>'s BFD3 drum software. (2013-2017)</li></ul></li>
<li>L2HC - <a href="/facts/Huawei/Qwu0tbnL">Huawei</a>
<ul><li>Huawei Music</li>
<li><a href="/facts/NearLink/4RwYI8lk">NearLink</a></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Huawei_FreeBuds/wn9gnzUz">Huawei FreeBuds</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:4" href="#fn:4">4</a></li></ul></li></ul></li>
<li>Oddball
<ul><li><a href="/facts/ATRAC/kD9psz23">ATRAC Advanced Lossless</a> (AAL) – Extremely unpopular
<ul><li>FFmpeg (lossy decoder only)</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Direct_Stream_Transfer/f4a7Gu0V">Direct Stream Transfer</a> (DST) - Only used for <a href="/facts/Direct_Stream_Digital/zczcDLkm">Direct Stream Digital</a>
<ul><li>SSC, DST, ALS and SLS reference software (ISO/IEC 14496-5:2001/Amd.10:2007)</li>
<li>FFmpeg (decoder only)</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Original_Sound_Quality/WUThq9tU">Original Sound Quality</a> (OSQ) - Only used in <a href="/facts/WaveLab/X2mVQfWW">WaveLab</a>
<ul><li>FFmpeg (decoding only)</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li>
<li>Discontinued
<ul><li>Lossless Audio (LA)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:5" href="#fn:5">5</a> – No update for 10+ years</li>
<li><a href="/facts/Shorten_(file_format)/XvWCEsxJ">Shorten</a> (SHN)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:6" href="#fn:6">6</a> – Officially discontinued.
<ul><li>libshn</li>
<li>FFmpeg (decoding only)</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Lossless_Predictive_Audio_Compression/cdnUfyfo">Lossless Predictive Audio Compression</a> (LPAC) – Predecessor of MPEG-4 ALS</li>
<li><a href="/facts/Lossless_Transform_Audio_Compression/TAfmp2xf">Lossless Transform Audio Compression</a> (LTAC) – Predecessor of LPAC</li>
<li>MPEG-1 Audio Layer III HD (<a href="/facts/Mp3HD/UNv1k8lP">mp3HD</a>) – Officially discontinued</li>
<li>RK Audio (RKAU)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:7" href="#fn:7">7</a> – Officially discontinued
<ul><li>FFmpeg (decoding only)</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>
<h3>Lossy compression</h3>
Main article: <a href="/facts/Lossy_data_compression/jHW7DDv3">Lossy data compression § Audio</a>
<ul><li><a href="/facts/Discrete_cosine_transform/gPpDhPwP">Discrete cosine transform</a> (DCT)
<ul><li><a href="/facts/Modified_discrete_cosine_transform/jCaDMSNY">Modified discrete cosine transform</a> (MDCT, used in most of the <a href="/facts/Audio_codecs/DkXoa6YP">audio codecs</a> listed below)</li></ul></li></ul>
<h4>General/Speech hybrid</h4>
<ul><li><a href="/facts/Unified_Speech_and_Audio_Coding/r4b4jhrU">Unified Speech and Audio Coding</a> (USAC, <a href="/facts/MPEG-D/Jbcj4xo8">MPEG-D</a> Part 3, ISO/IEC 23003-3)
<ul><li>exhale (encoder only; open source)</li>
<li>FFmpeg (decoder only; open source)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:8" href="#fn:8">8</a></li></ul></li>
<li>IETF standards:
<ul><li><a href="/facts/Opus_(codec)/VP4KuGre">Opus</a> (RFC 6716) – based on SILK vocoder and CELT codec
<ul><li>libopus</li>
<li>FFmpeg (decoding and experimental encoding)</li></ul></li></ul></li>
<li>IETF <a href="/facts/Internet_Draft/h13QYxXa">Internet Draft</a>
<ul><li>IPMR Speech Codec<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:9" href="#fn:9">9</a> - used in <a href="/facts/Spirit_DSP/rcwMv2pd">Spirit DSP</a>'s TeamSpirit Voice&Video Engine<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:10" href="#fn:10">10</a></li></ul></li></ul>
<h4>Neural audio codecs</h4>
<ul><li><a href="/facts/Lyra_(codec)/woDE4zw2">Lyra (codec)</a> - used in <a href="/facts/Google_Duo/9crQJ8r3">Google Duo</a></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Lyra_(codec)/woDE4zw2">Lyra</a> V2 - based on SoundStream neural codec</li>
<li><a href="/facts/Satin_(codec)/cNHS13V6">Satin</a> (used by <a href="/facts/Microsoft_Teams/w21lo6BU">Microsoft Teams</a>)</li>
<li><a href="/facts/Facebook/0IhXFR6u">Facebook</a> EnCodec</li>
<li>WavTokenizer<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:11" href="#fn:11">11</a></li></ul>
<h4>General</h4>
<ul><li><a href="/facts/Adaptive_differential_pulse-code_modulation/Q6cFrNUb">Adaptive differential pulse-code modulation</a> (ADPCM, also called adaptive delta pulse-code modulation)</li>
<li><a href="/facts/Adaptive_Transform_Acoustic_Coding/kD9psz23">Adaptive Transform Acoustic Coding</a> (ATRAC, used in <a href="/facts/MiniDisc/yF3LYCqL">MiniDisc</a> devices)
<ul><li>FFmpeg (decoder only)</li></ul></li>
<li>ATSC/ETSI standards:
<ul><li><a href="/facts/Dolby_Digital/58JfURnU">Dolby Digital</a> (AC3, ATSC A/52, ETSI TS 102 366)
<ul><li>FFmpeg</li>
<li>liba52 (decoder only)</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Dolby_Digital_Plus/3JUILSBr">Dolby Digital Plus</a> (E-AC-3, ATSC A/52:2012 Annex E, ETSI TS 102 366 Annex E)
<ul><li>FFmpeg</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/DTS_Coherent_Acoustics/wbQwqtdQ">DTS Coherent Acoustics</a> (DTS, Digital Theatre System Coherent Acoustics, ETSI TS 102 114)
<ul><li>FFmpeg</li>
<li>libdca (decoder only)</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Dolby_AC-4/FXj0MW2d">Dolby AC-4</a> (ETSI TS 103 190)</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Blackbird_(software)/LSo7TAQp">Impala</a> Blackbird audio codec</li>
<li><a href="/facts/ITU/xnT5QSEl">ITU</a> standards:
<ul><li><a href="/facts/G.719/26rQtrtU">G.719</a></li>
<li><a href="/facts/G.722/z6J1sSuU">G.722</a>
<ul><li>FFmpeg</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/G.722.1/0K92h1Eg">G.722.1</a> (subset of Siren7) and G.722.1 Annex C (subset of Siren14)
<ul><li>libg722_1</li>
<li>libsiren (part of libmsn and msn-pecan)</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/G.722.2/J70f7LGx">G.722.2</a>
<ul><li>3GPP TS 26.173 – AMR-WB speech Codec (C-source code) – reference implementation<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:12" href="#fn:12">12</a></li>
<li>opencore-amr (decoder)</li>
<li>VisualOn AMR-WB encoder</li>
<li>FFmpeg (decoding only)</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Enhanced_Voice_Services/CGMVdhYS">EVS</a></li></ul></li>
<li>MPEG-1 Audio and MPEG-2 Audio
<ul><li>layer I (<a href="/facts/MP1/Gqhttw23">MP1</a>) (<a href="/facts/MPEG-1/ewnQQLPD">MPEG-1</a>, <a href="/facts/MPEG-2/SpuH5FJu">MPEG-2</a> and non-ISO MPEG-2.5)
<ul><li>FFmpeg (decoder only)</li></ul></li>
<li>layer II (<a href="/facts/MP2_(format)/eBSjFASu">MP2</a>) (<a href="/facts/MPEG-1/ewnQQLPD">MPEG-1</a>, <a href="/facts/MPEG-2/SpuH5FJu">MPEG-2</a> and non-ISO MPEG-2.5)
<ul><li>FFmpeg</li>
<li><a href="/facts/TooLame/wXMTzS4G">tooLame</a> (encoding only)</li>
<li>twoLame (encoding only)</li></ul></li>
<li>layer III (<a href="/facts/MP3/yrBpxUSD">MP3</a>) (<a href="/facts/MPEG-1/ewnQQLPD">MPEG-1</a>, <a href="/facts/MPEG-2/SpuH5FJu">MPEG-2</a> and non-ISO MPEG-2.5)
<ul><li>FFmpeg (decoding only)</li>
<li><a href="/facts/LAME/stqsN04t">LAME</a> (encoding only)</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Advanced_Audio_Coding/VAG9NpI4">Advanced Audio Coding</a> (AAC) (<a href="/facts/MPEG-2_Part_7/VAG9NpI4">MPEG-2 Part 7</a>)
<ul><li><a href="/facts/FAAC/Gq4y95Jq">FAAC</a> (encoder) and <a href="/facts/FAAC/Gq4y95Jq">FAAD</a> (decoder)</li>
<li><a href="/facts/FFmpeg/85yf3kHI">FFmpeg</a></li>
<li><a href="/facts/ITunes/pdXPE33T">iTunes</a></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Nero_AAC_Codec/XgNcwgWL">Nero AAC Codec</a></li>
<li><a href="/facts/VisualOn/PgygDTpq">VisualOn AAC Encoder</a> (a.k.a. libvo_aacenc)</li>
<li><a href="/facts/Fraunhofer_FDK_AAC/bAn7IEf6">Fraunhofer FDK AAC</a></li>
<li>libaacplus</li></ul></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/MPEG-4_Audio/PIqK5dk9">MPEG-4 Audio</a>
<ul><li><a href="/facts/Advanced_Audio_Coding/VAG9NpI4">Advanced Audio Coding</a> (AAC, <a href="/facts/MPEG-4_Part_3/PIqK5dk9">MPEG-4 Part 3</a> subpart 4), <a href="/facts/HE-AAC/LC0ELcAK">HE-AAC</a> and <a href="/facts/AAC-LD/VndVLu7F">AAC-LD</a>
<ul><li><a href="/facts/FAAC/Gq4y95Jq">FAAC</a>, <a href="/facts/FAAD2/Gq4y95Jq">FAAD2</a></li>
<li><a href="/facts/FFmpeg/85yf3kHI">FFmpeg</a></li>
<li><a href="/facts/ITunes/pdXPE33T">iTunes</a></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Nero_Digital/RrrLgveI">Nero AAC Codec</a></li>
<li>MPEG-4 AAC reference software (ISO/IEC 14496-5:2001)</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Harmonic_and_Individual_Lines_and_Noise/uk4P0t1Y">Harmonic and Individual Lines and Noise</a> (HILN, <a href="/facts/MPEG-4/6svV1w2H">MPEG-4</a> Parametric Audio Coding)
<ul><li>MPEG-4 reference software (ISO/IEC 14496-5:2001)</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/TwinVQ/tQxnalzd">TwinVQ</a>
<ul><li>MPEG-4 reference software (ISO/IEC 14496-5:2001)</li>
<li>FFmpeg (decoding only)</li></ul></li>
<li>BSAC (Bit-Sliced Arithmetic Coding)
<ul><li>MPEG-4 reference software (ISO/IEC 14496-5:2001)</li></ul></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/MPEG-H/jQTqHyYy">MPEG-H</a>
<ul><li><a href="/facts/MPEG-H_3D_Audio/tPvIwD8f">MPEG-H 3D Audio</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Musepack/GX6WMwkl">Musepack</a> (a.k.a. MPEGplus)
<ul><li>Musepack SV8 Tools</li>
<li>FFmpeg (decoding only)</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/NICAM/yG6Ip4Cl">NICAM</a></li>
<li>AT&T <a href="/facts/Perceptual_Audio_Coder/KvVPWUSb">Perceptual Audio Coder</a></li>
<li><a href="/facts/MPEG-1_Audio_Layer_I/Gqhttw23">Precision Adaptive Subband Coding</a> (PASC; a variant of MP1; used in <a href="/facts/Digital_Compact_Cassette/b6wo4BJY">Digital Compact Cassette</a>)</li>
<li><a href="/facts/QDesign/xAdwytm1">QDesign</a> (purchased by <a href="/facts/DTS_(sound_system)/wbQwqtdQ">DTS</a>)
<ul><li>QDesign Music Codec – used in Apple QuickTime
<ul><li>FFmpeg (decoding only)</li></ul></li></ul></li>
<li>PictureTel (purchased by <a href="/facts/Polycom/E8GnyLhQ">Polycom</a>)
<ul><li><a href="/facts/Siren_Codec/V28Md411">Siren</a> 7
<ul><li>libg722_1</li>
<li>libsiren (part of libmsn and msn-pecan)</li>
<li>FFmpeg (decoder only)</li></ul></li>
<li>Siren 14
<ul><li>libg722_1</li>
<li>vgmstream (decoder only)</li></ul></li>
<li>Siren 22</li></ul></li>
<li>NTT <a href="/facts/TwinVQ/tQxnalzd">TwinVQ</a>
<ul><li>FFmpeg (decoder only)</li>
<li>NTT TwinVQ Encoder, NTT TwinVQ Player</li></ul></li>
<li>Voxware MetaSound (a variant of NTT TwinVQ)
<ul><li>Windows Media Player (voxmsdec.ax)</li>
<li>FFmpeg (decoder only)</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Vorbis/rqJDTF0T">Vorbis</a>
<ul><li><a href="/facts/AoTuV/rqJDTF0T">aoTuV</a></li>
<li><a href="/facts/FFmpeg/85yf3kHI">FFmpeg</a></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Libvorbis/rqJDTF0T">libvorbis</a></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Tremor_(software)/787pbW2R">Tremor</a> (decoder only)</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Windows_Media_Audio/s5zePro7">Windows Media Audio</a> (WMA)
<ul><li><a href="/facts/Windows_Media_Encoder/YpTU6zJg">Windows Media Encoder</a></li>
<li>FFmpeg</li></ul></li></ul>
<h5>AES3</h5>
<ul><li>SMPTE 302M
<ul><li>FFmpeg (decoder only)</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Dolby_E/q5YWFl4X">Dolby E</a>
<ul><li>FFmpeg (decoder only)</li></ul></li></ul>
<h5>Bluetooth</h5>
<ul><li><a href="/facts/Bluetooth_Special_Interest_Group/w1xtmaev">Bluetooth Special Interest Group</a>
<ul><li><a href="/facts/SBC_(codec)/SQCUG3JY">Low Complexity Subband Coding</a> (SBC)
<ul><li><a href="/facts/Bluetooth_stack/MFzmTcos">BlueZ</a>'s SBC library (libsbc)</li>
<li>Fluoride Bluetooth stack (successor of <a href="/facts/Bluetooth_stack/MFzmTcos">BlueDroid</a>)</li>
<li>FFmpeg</li></ul></li>
<li>CVSD 8 kHz - used in <a href="/facts/List_of_Bluetooth_profiles/gYIdytMA">Hands-Free Profile (HFP)</a></li>
<li>modified SBC (mSBC) - used in Hands-Free Profile (HFP)
<ul><li>BlueZ's SBC library (libsbc)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:13" href="#fn:13">13</a></li>
<li>Fluoride Bluetooth stack</li>
<li>FFmpeg</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/SBC_(codec)/SQCUG3JY">SBC XQ</a>
<ul><li><a href="/facts/PulseAudio/euEHeBCe">PulseAudio</a>'s bluetooth stack<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:14" href="#fn:14">14</a> (encoder only)</li>
<li><a href="/facts/PipeWire/Wf4ygudF">PipeWire</a>'s bluetooth stack<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:15" href="#fn:15">15</a> (encoder only)</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/LC3_(codec)/ak7qbl9N">LC3</a> (Low Complexity Communication Codec)
<ul><li>Google's liblc3 (open source) - used in <a href="/facts/Android_13/Hw8ewfQD">Android 13</a> and later</li></ul></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/ETSI/8rJbbhPg">ETSI</a>
<ul><li>LC3plus (ETSI TS 103 634)
<ul><li>Google's liblc3 (open source)</li></ul></li></ul></li>
<li>Qualcomm Technologies International (formerly <a href="/facts/CSR_(company)/mKGWb7X9">CSR</a>)
<ul><li><a href="/facts/AptX/cSevMczh">aptX</a> (a.k.a. apt-X)
<ul><li>Qualcomm libaptX<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:16" href="#fn:16">16</a></li>
<li>FFmpeg</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/AptX/cSevMczh">aptX HD</a>
<ul><li>Qualcomm libaptXHD<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:17" href="#fn:17">17</a></li>
<li>FFmpeg</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/AptX/cSevMczh">aptX Low Latency</a></li>
<li><a href="/facts/AptX_Adaptive/cSevMczh">aptX Adaptive</a></li>
<li><a href="/facts/FastStream/SQCUG3JY">FastStream</a> - a variant of SBC codec for bi-directional audio transmission</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Sony/7x4tCtBd">Sony</a>
<ul><li><a href="/facts/LDAC_(codec)/IMFHz8ux">LDAC</a>
<ul><li>libldac (encoder only)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:18" href="#fn:18">18</a> - used in <a href="/facts/Android_Oreo/U81uHjf5">Android Oreo</a></li>
<li>libldacdec (decoder only)</li></ul></li></ul></li>
<li>HWA Alliance/Savitech
<ul><li><a href="/facts/LHDC_(codec)/2osrkypU">LHDC</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:19" href="#fn:19">19</a>
<ul><li>HWA encoder/decoder</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/LHDC_(codec)/2osrkypU">LLAC</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:20" href="#fn:20">20</a>
<ul><li>HWA encoder/decoder</li></ul></li></ul></li>
<li>HiBy
<ul><li>Ultra Audio Transmission (UAT)</li></ul></li>
<li>Samsung
<ul><li>Samsung HD/UHQ-BT codec</li>
<li>Samsung Scalable codec</li>
<li>Samsung Seamless codec</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Master_Quality_Authenticated/alxKG7Se">MQA</a>
<ul><li>MQair</li></ul></li></ul>
<h5>Digital radio</h5>
<ul><li><a href="/facts/High-Definition_Coding/28rXJDWn">Hybrid Digital Coding</a> - used in <a href="/facts/HD_Radio/XtS2tNG5">HD Radio</a> (a.k.a. NRSC-5)
<ul><li>NRSC-5 receiver for rtl-sdr (decoder only)</li></ul></li></ul>
<h4>Voice</h4>
Main article: <a href="/facts/Speech_coding/xs5gvMXq">Speech coding</a>
(low bit rate, optimized for speech)

<ul><li><a href="/facts/Linear_predictive_coding/2Bl1xdSN">Linear predictive coding</a> (LPC, used in most of the speech codecs listed below)
<ul><li><a href="/facts/Code-excited_linear_prediction/Shkm4bjo">Code-excited linear prediction</a> (CELP)
<ul><li><a href="/facts/Algebraic_code-excited_linear_prediction/zGb0XLT2">Algebraic code-excited linear prediction</a> (ACELP)</li></ul></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Xiph.Org_Foundation/HJCFzyyx">Xiph.Org Foundation</a>
<ul><li><a href="/facts/Speex/M7xqnPxN">Speex</a>, patent free<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:21" href="#fn:21">21</a>
<ul><li>libspeex</li>
<li>FFmpeg (decoder only)</li></ul></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Dialogic_ADPCM/0FU7GW6z">Dialogic ADPCM</a> (VOX)
<ul><li>FFmpeg (decoder only)</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/ITU/xnT5QSEl">ITU</a> standards:
<ul><li><a href="/facts/G.711/kopBvF25">G.711</a> (<a href="/facts/A-law/PI9UC1nc">a-law</a> and <a href="/facts/%CE%9C-law/Ve8vJ6mb">μ-law</a> <a href="/facts/Companding/zsfkwSzp">companding</a>; 64 kbit/s), also known as PCM of voice frequencies
<ul><li><a href="/facts/Sun_Microsystems/VJ9EzEFd">Sun Microsystems</a>'s <a href="/facts/Public_domain/YWKMDKw4">public domain</a> implementation<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:22" href="#fn:22">22</a></li>
<li>FFmpeg (libavcodec)</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/G.711.0/kopBvF25">G.711.0</a> (G.711 LLC)</li>
<li><a href="/facts/G.711.1/kopBvF25">G.711.1</a> (Wideband extension for G.711; 64/80/96 kbit/s)</li>
<li>G.711.1D (Super-wideband extension for G.711.1; 96/112/128 kbit/s)</li>
<li><a href="/facts/G.718/gLmEICJd">G.718</a> (8/12/16/24/32 kbit/s)</li>
<li>G.718B (Super-wideband extension for G.718; 28–48 kbit/s)</li>
<li><a href="/facts/G.719/26rQtrtU">G.719</a></li>
<li><a href="/facts/G.721/7NXhvfV8">G.721</a> (superseded by G.726; 32 kbit/s)
<ul><li><a href="/facts/Sun_Microsystems/VJ9EzEFd">Sun Microsystems</a>'s public domain implementation<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:23" href="#fn:23">23</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/G.722/z6J1sSuU">G.722</a> (SB-ADPCM; 48/56/64 kbit/s)
<ul><li>FFmpeg</li></ul></li>
<li>G.722B (Super-wideband extension for G.722; 64/80/96 kbit/s)</li>
<li>G.722.2 (<a href="/facts/AMR-WB/J70f7LGx">AMR-WB</a>)
<ul><li>3GPP TS 26.173 – AMR-WB speech Codec (C-source code) – reference implementation<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:24" href="#fn:24">24</a></li>
<li>opencore-amr (decoder)</li>
<li>FFmpeg (decoder only)</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/G.723/5YvgKwaj">G.723</a> (24 and 40 kbit/s DPCM, extension to G.721, superseded by G.726)
<ul><li><a href="/facts/Sun_Microsystems/VJ9EzEFd">Sun Microsystems</a>'s public domain implementation<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:25" href="#fn:25">25</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/G.723.1/FJSeW8kg">G.723.1</a> (MPC-MLQ or ACELP; 5.3/6.3 kbit/s)
<ul><li>FFmpeg</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/G.726/7NXhvfV8">G.726</a> (ADPCM; 16/24/32/40 kbit/s)
<ul><li><a href="/facts/Sun_Microsystems/VJ9EzEFd">Sun Microsystems</a>'s public domain implementation<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:26" href="#fn:26">26</a></li>
<li>FFmpeg (libavcodec)</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/G.727/7NXhvfV8">G.727</a>
<ul><li><a href="/facts/Sun_Microsystems/VJ9EzEFd">Sun Microsystems</a>'s public domain implementation<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:27" href="#fn:27">27</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/G.728/x3aq2vED">G.728</a> (LD-CELP; 16 kbit/s)</li>
<li><a href="/facts/G.729/BB4JexQf">G.729</a> (CS-ACELP; 8 kbit/s)
<ul><li>FFmpeg (decoder only)</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/G.729a/BB4JexQf">G.729a</a></li>
<li><a href="/facts/G.729b/BB4JexQf">G.729b</a></li>
<li><a href="/facts/G.729ab/BB4JexQf">G.729ab</a></li>
<li>G.729d (6.4 kbit/s)
<ul><li>FFmpeg (decoder only)</li></ul></li>
<li>G.729e (11.8 kbit/s)</li>
<li><a href="/facts/G.729.1/7azV3ohe">G.729.1</a> (G.729 Annex J; Wideband extension for G.711; 8–32 kbit/s)</li>
<li>G.729.1E (Super-wideband extension for G.729.1)</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Google/GT9Sugza">Google</a>
<ul><li><a href="/facts/Internet_Speech_Audio_Codec/vN6e0qvG">internet Speech Audio Codec</a> (iSAC)
<ul><li>WebRTC</li></ul></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Nellymoser_Asao_Codec/UVMl0Q3M">Nellymoser Asao Codec</a>
<ul><li>FFmpeg (libavcodec)</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/PictureTel_Corp./gmEhMF1E">PictureTel</a> PT716, PT716plus</li>
<li>PictureTel PT724</li>
<li>RTAudio – used by <a href="/facts/Microsoft_Live_Communication_Server/t7vpnw2G">Microsoft Live Communication Server</a></li>
<li><a href="/facts/SVOPC/Sfmv9nXD">SVOPC</a> – used by Skype</li>
<li>OpenLPC – created by Future Dynamics<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:28" href="#fn:28">28</a>
<ul><li>HawkVoice (libHVDI)</li></ul></li>
<li>ANSI/<a href="/facts/Society_of_Cable_Telecommunications_Engineers/XSzjlTXb">SCTE</a>
<ul><li>ANSI/<a href="/facts/Society_of_Cable_Telecommunications_Engineers/XSzjlTXb">SCTE</a> 24-21 2006 (BroadVoice16)
<ul><li>BroadVoice Speech Codec Open Source C Code</li></ul></li>
<li>ANSI/SCTE 24-22 2013 (iLBCv2.0)</li>
<li>ANSI/SCTE 24-23 2007 (BroadVoice32)
<ul><li>BroadVoice Speech Codec Open Source C Code</li></ul></li></ul></li>
<li>IETF RFCs:
<ul><li><a href="/facts/Internet_Low_Bit_Rate_Codec/rPQsKfjo">Internet Low Bit Rate Codec</a> (iLBC, RFC 3951) – developed by <a href="/facts/Global_IP_Solutions/tXlPcY6a">Global IP Solutions</a>/Google
<ul><li>WebRTC</li></ul></li></ul></li>
<li>IETF <a href="/facts/Internet_Draft/h13QYxXa">Internet Draft</a>
<ul><li><a href="/facts/SILK/D3LIM71t">SILK</a> (used by <a href="/facts/Skype/qdKbuh23">Skype</a>)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:29" href="#fn:29">29</a></li>
<li><a href="/facts/CELT/52Wt9cbu">CELT</a> (developed by <a href="/facts/Xiph.Org_Foundation/HJCFzyyx">Xiph.Org Foundation</a>)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:30" href="#fn:30">30</a>
<ul><li>libcelt</li></ul></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/MPEG-4_Audio/PIqK5dk9">MPEG-4 Audio</a>
<ul><li>MPEG-4 CELP</li>
<li><a href="/facts/Harmonic_Vector_Excitation_Coding/xPEq5jTn">MPEG-4 HVXC</a></li></ul></li>
<li>Skyphone MPLP</li>
<li><a href="/facts/Inmarsat/G2XzF3r6">Inmarsat</a>
<ul><li>INMARSAT-M IMBE</li>
<li>Inmarsat Mini-M AMBE</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Meta_Platforms/ylApt16y">Meta</a> MLow - used in <a href="/facts/Instagram/33s91jnV">Instagram</a>, <a href="/facts/Messenger_(software)/NUz3VX8d">Messenger</a>, and <a href="/facts/WhatsApp/VMlSeFb6">WhatsApp</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:31" href="#fn:31">31</a></li></ul>
<h5>Microsoft DirectPlay</h5>
Those codecs are used by many PC games which use voice chats via Microsoft <a href="/facts/DirectPlay/gRafV8vw">DirectPlay</a> API.

<ul><li>Voxware MetaVoice
<ul><li>Windows Media Player (voxmvdec.ax)</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Truespeech/XpC5kRul">Truespeech</a>
<ul><li>Windows Media Player (tssoft32.acm)</li>
<li>FFmpeg (decoder only)</li></ul></li>
<li>MS GSM
<ul><li>Windows Media Player (msgsm32.acm)</li>
<li>libgsm</li>
<li>FFmpeg (decoder only)</li></ul></li>
<li>MS-ADPCM
<ul><li>Windows Media Player (msadp32.acm)</li>
<li>FFmpeg</li></ul></li></ul>
<h5>Digital Voice Recorder</h5>
<ul><li>International Voice Association (IVA) standards:
<ul><li><a href="/facts/Digital_Speech_Standard/SyXoxtGU">Digital Speech Standard</a> / Standard Play (DSS-SP)
<ul><li>FFmpeg (decoding only)</li></ul></li>
<li>Digital Speech Standard / Quality Play (DSS-QP)</li></ul></li>
<li>Sony <a href="/facts/Long-term_Predicted_Excitation_Coding/hV4WMvoX">LPEC</a></li>
<li>Truespeech Triple Rate CODER (TRC)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:32" href="#fn:32">32</a> – used in some pocket recorders</li>
<li>Micronas [de] Intermetall MI-SC4 - used by voice recorders such as <a href="/facts/RadioShack/EHzYMpkP">RadioShack</a> Digital Recorder<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:33" href="#fn:33">33</a> and I-O DATA [ja] HyperHyde<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:34" href="#fn:34">34</a>
<ul><li>FFmpeg (decoder only)</li></ul></li></ul>
<h5>Mobile phone</h5>
<h6>Generation 2</h6>
<ul><li><a href="/facts/ETSI/8rJbbhPg">European Telecommunications Standards Institute</a> (ETSI) <a href="/facts/Global_System_for_Mobile_Communications/Sw8QYaLE">GSM</a>
<ul><li><a href="/facts/Full_Rate/WFfuQf2C">Full Rate</a> (GSM 06.10, RPE-LTP)
<ul><li>libgsm</li>
<li>FFmpeg (decoder only)</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Half_Rate/w2GpD2Gr">Half Rate</a> (GSM 06.20, VSELP 5.6 kbit/s)</li>
<li><a href="/facts/Enhanced_Full_Rate/xwAdEFmy">Enhanced Full Rate</a> (GSM 06.60, ACELP 12.20 kbit/s, compatible with AMR mode AMR_12.20)</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Telecommunications_Industry_Association/2UlrgpAx">Telecommunications Industry Association</a> (TIA) IS-95 (a.k.a. cdmaOne)
<ul><li>IS-96A (QCELP 8 kbit/s)</li>
<li>IS-127 (EVRC 8 kbit/s)</li>
<li>IS-733 (QCELP 13 kbit/s)</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Telecommunications_Industry_Association/2UlrgpAx">Telecommunications Industry Association</a> (TIA) IS-54/IS-136 (a.k.a. <a href="/facts/Digital_AMPS/X0DILmrY">Digital AMPS</a>)
<ul><li>IS-85 (<a href="/facts/Vector_Sum_Excited_Linear_Prediction/cyS3sGzB">VSELP</a> 8kbit/s)
<ul><li>ITU-T G.191's IS-54 implementation</li></ul></li>
<li>IS-641 (ACELP 7.4 kbit/s, compatible with AMR mode AMR_7.40)</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Association_of_Radio_Industries_and_Businesses/jVw0Szbk">Association of Radio Industries and Businesses</a> (ARIB) RCR STD-27 (<a href="/facts/Personal_Digital_Cellular/VhtdLdEP">PDC</a>)
<ul><li><a href="/facts/PDC-HR/VhtdLdEP">PDC-HR</a> (PSI-CELP 3.45 kbit/s)</li>
<li>PDC-FR (VSELP 11.2 kbit/s)</li>
<li><a href="/facts/PDC-EFR/VhtdLdEP">PDC-EFR</a> CS-ACELP 8 kbit/s (a.k.a. G.729)</li>
<li><a href="/facts/PDC-EFR/VhtdLdEP">PDC-EFR</a> ACELP 6.7 kbit/s (compatible with AMR mode AMR_6.70)</li></ul></li></ul>
<h6>Generation 3/4</h6>
<ul><li><a href="/facts/3rd_Generation_Partnership_Project/TBrQYKFF">3rd Generation Partnership Project</a> (3GPP)
<ul><li><a href="/facts/Adaptive_Multi-Rate/lE2gNqNr">Adaptive Multi-Rate</a> (AMR)
<ul><li><a href="/facts/AMR-NB/lE2gNqNr">AMR-NB</a>
<ul><li>3GPP TS 26.073 – AMR speech Codec (C-source code) – reference implementation<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:35" href="#fn:35">35</a></li>
<li>opencore-amr (one may compile ffmpeg with—enable-libopencore-amrnb to incorporate the OpenCORE lib)</li>
<li>FFmpeg (by default decoder only, but see above the compiling options to incorporate the OpenCORE lib)</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/AMR-WB/J70f7LGx">AMR-WB</a>
<ul><li>3GPP TS 26.173 – AMR-WB speech Codec (C-source code) – reference implementation<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:36" href="#fn:36">36</a></li>
<li>opencore-amr (decoder), from OpenCORE (one may compile ffmpeg with—enable-libopencore-amrwb to incorporate the OpenCORE lib)</li>
<li>vo-amrwbenc (encoder), from <a href="/facts/VisualOn/PgygDTpq">VisualOn</a>, included in Android (one may compile ffmpeg with—enable-libvo-amrwbenc to incorporate the VisualOn lib)</li>
<li>FFmpeg (by default decoder only, but see above the compiling options).</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/AMR-WB%2B/TH8Rxo7G">AMR-WB+</a>
<ul><li>3GPP TS 26.273 – AMR-WB+ speech Codec (C-source code) – reference implementation<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:37" href="#fn:37">37</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Enhanced_Voice_Services/CGMVdhYS">Enhanced Voice Services</a> (EVS)
<ul><li>3GPP TS.26.443 – Codec for Enhanced Voice Services (EVS) – ANSI C code (floating-point)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:38" href="#fn:38">38</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/3rd_Generation_Partnership_Project_2/6bNoq0n6">3rd Generation Partnership Project 2</a> (3GPP2)
<ul><li><a href="/facts/Enhanced_Variable_Rate_Codec/nDbCJavz">Enhanced Variable Rate Codec</a> (EVRC, a.k.a. IS-127) – based on <a href="/facts/Relaxed_Code_Excited_Linear_Prediction/oMh2HQH9">RCELP</a>
<ul><li>FFmpeg (decoder only)</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Enhanced_Variable_Rate_Codec_B/JbWTeqBN">Enhanced Variable Rate Codec B</a> (EVRC-B)</li>
<li><a href="/facts/QCELP/nbkrTquM">QCELP</a> (Qualcomm Code Excited Linear Prediction)
<ul><li>QCELP-8 (a.k.a. SmartRate or IS-96C)
<ul><li>FFmpeg (decoder only)</li></ul></li>
<li>QCELP-13 (a.k.a. PureVoice or IS-733)
<ul><li>FFmpeg (decoder only)</li></ul></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Selectable_Mode_Vocoder/kW0o6npd">Selectable Mode Vocoder</a> (SMV)</li>
<li><a href="/facts/VMR-WB/8nI5oV3f">Variable Multi Rate – WideBand</a> (VMR-WB)</li></ul></li></ul>
<h5>Professional mobile radio</h5>
<ul><li><a href="/facts/Association_of_Public-Safety_Communications_Officials-International/7a4ggICD">APCO</a>
<ul><li><a href="/facts/Project_25/X6z6Ajef">Project 25</a> Phase 2 Enhanced Full-Rate (<a href="/facts/Advanced_Multi-Band_Excitation/69xJgVlz">AMBE</a>+2 4400bit/s with 2800bit/s FEC)</li>
<li><a href="/facts/Project_25/X6z6Ajef">Project 25</a> Phase 2 Half-Rate (AMBE+2 2450bit/s with 1150bit/s FEC) – also used in NXDN and DMR
<ul><li>mbelib (decoder only)</li></ul></li>
<li>Project 25 Phase 1 Full Rate (<a href="/facts/Improved_Multi-Band_Excitation/69xJgVlz">IMBE</a> 7200bit/s)
<ul><li>mbelib (decoder only)</li></ul></li></ul></li>
<li>European Telecommunications Standards Institute (<a href="/facts/ETSI/8rJbbhPg">ETSI</a>)
<ul><li>ETS 300 395-2 (TETRA <a href="/facts/Algebraic_Code_Excited_Linear_Prediction/zGb0XLT2">ACELP</a> 4.6kbit/s)</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/TETRAPOL/oUEQwqwl">TETRAPOL</a>
<ul><li>RPCELP 6 kbit/s</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/D-STAR/JzfQgqQl">D-STAR</a> Digital Voice (AMBE 2400bit/s with 1200bit/s FEC)
<ul><li>mbelib (decoder only)</li></ul></li>
<li>Professional Digital Trunking System Industry Association (PDT Alliance) standards:
<ul><li>NVOC – used in China</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Spirit_DSP/rcwMv2pd">Spirit DSP</a> RALCWI</li>
<li>DSPINI
<ul><li>SPR Robust</li>
<li>TWELP Robust</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Codec2/c1v01HdD">Codec2</a>
<ul><li>libcodec2</li></ul></li>
<li>RL-CELP (used in Japanese railways<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:39" href="#fn:39">39</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:40" href="#fn:40">40</a>)</li></ul>
<h5>Military</h5>
<ul><li><a href="/facts/United_States_Department_of_Defense/dWAvf7e3">U.S. Department of Defense</a> (DoD) Federal Standard:
<ul><li><a href="/facts/FS-1015/7hcUxhnQ">FS-1015</a> (a.k.a. LPC-10)
<ul><li>HawkVoice (libHVDI)</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/FS-1016/cKCAodcl">FS-1016</a> (<a href="/facts/Code_Excited_Linear_Prediction/Shkm4bjo">CELP</a>)
<ul><li>HawkVoice (libHVDI)</li></ul></li>
<li>FS-1023 (<a href="/facts/Continuously_variable_slope_delta_modulation/EgxgfCzr">CVSD</a> 12kbit/s)</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/United_States_Military_Standard/Y7a53qCL">United States Military Standard</a> (MIL-STD)
<ul><li><a href="/facts/MIL-STD-188/D5rsvdsW">MIL-STD-188</a> 113 (CVSD 16 kbit/s and 32 kbit/s)
<ul><li><a href="/facts/SoX/7sdfpsze">SoX</a> (libsox)</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Mixed_Excitation_Linear_Prediction/4z82rlKC">MIL-STD-3005</a> (a.k.a. <a href="/facts/Mixed_Excitation_Linear_Prediction/4z82rlKC">MELP</a>)
<ul><li><a href="/facts/Texas_Instruments/88NUhuHF">Texas Instruments</a>' 2.4 kbit/s MELP Proposed Federal Standard speech coder</li></ul></li></ul></li>
<li>NATO
<ul><li>STANAG 4198 (a.k.a. LPC-10e)
<ul><li>SpanDSP (open source)</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Mixed_Excitation_Linear_Prediction/4z82rlKC">STANAG-4591</a> (a.k.a. MELPe)
<ul><li>Microsoft Speech coder</li></ul></li></ul></li>
<li>BBN NRV – developed in <a href="/facts/DARPA/Uf9sarhT">DARPA</a> program<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:41" href="#fn:41">41</a></li></ul>
<h4>Video games</h4>
<ul><li><a href="/facts/Bink_Video/x34Yexem">Bink Audio</a>, <a href="/facts/Smacker_video/qauP511U">Smacker Audio</a>
<ul><li>FFmpeg (decoder only)</li></ul></li>
<li>Actimagine (<a href="/facts/Nintendo_European_Research_%26_Development/syT15LNG">Nintendo European Research & Development</a>) FastAudio<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:42" href="#fn:42">42</a>
<ul><li>MobiclipDecoder (decoder only)</li>
<li>FFmpeg (decoder only)</li></ul></li>
<li>Nintendo GCADPCM<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:43" href="#fn:43">43</a> (a.k.a. DSP ADPCM or THP ADPCM) - used in <a href="/facts/GameCube/acH9qVxz">GameCube</a>, <a href="/facts/Wii/BxUgl2da">Wii</a> and <a href="/facts/Nintendo_3DS/nXIxNh1b">Nintendo 3DS</a>.
<ul><li>vgmstream (decoder only)</li>
<li>VGAudio</li>
<li>FFmpeg (decoder only)</li></ul></li>
<li>Sony VAG<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:44" href="#fn:44">44</a> (a.k.a. Sony PSX ADPCM)
<ul><li>vgmstream (decoder only)</li>
<li>FFmpeg (decoder only)</li></ul></li>
<li>Sony HEVAG<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:45" href="#fn:45">45</a> - used in <a href="/facts/PlayStation_Vita/KEvRtFjD">PS Vita</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:46" href="#fn:46">46</a>
<ul><li>vgmstream (decoder only)</li></ul></li>
<li>Sony <a href="/facts/Adaptive_Transform_Acoustic_Coding/kD9psz23">ATRAC9</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:47" href="#fn:47">47</a> - used in <a href="/facts/PlayStation_4/wMtdFnoP">PS4</a> and <a href="/facts/PlayStation_Vita/KEvRtFjD">PS Vita</a>.
<ul><li>VGAudio (decoder only)</li>
<li>FFmpeg (decoder only)</li></ul></li>
<li>Microsoft XMA<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:48" href="#fn:48">48</a> - <a href="/facts/Windows_Media_Audio/s5zePro7">WMA</a> variants for <a href="/facts/Xbox_360/dYlE3mL5">Xbox 360</a> hardware decoding.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:49" href="#fn:49">49</a>
<ul><li>FFmpeg (decoder only)</li></ul></li>
<li>Xbox ADPCM
<ul><li>vgmstream (decoder only)</li>
<li>FFmpeg (decoder only)</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/CRI_Middleware/ET0KcSrE">CRI</a> <a href="/facts/ADX_(file_format)/t5Ms5SM3">ADX ADPCM</a>
<ul><li>vgmstream (decoder only)</li>
<li>VGAudio</li>
<li>FFmpeg</li></ul></li>
<li>CRI HCA/HCA-MX - used in CRI ADX2 middleware.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:50" href="#fn:50">50</a>
<ul><li>vgmstream (decoder only)</li>
<li>VGAudio</li>
<li>FFmpeg (decoder only)</li>
<li>libcgss</li>
<li>HCADecoder (decoder only)</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/FMOD/0YUhsVRl">FMOD</a> FADPCM<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:51" href="#fn:51">51</a>
<ul><li>vgmstream (decoder only)</li></ul></li></ul>
<h2 id="text-compression-formats">Text compression formats</h2>
<ul><li><a href="/facts/BiM/7EzJAwwR">BiM</a></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Continuous_Media_Markup_Language/Yqx9u1rx">Continuous Media Markup Language</a> (CMML)</li>
<li><a href="/facts/MPEG-4_Part_17/olegbToU">MPEG-4 Part 17</a> (e.g. 3GPP Timed Text)</li>
<li><a href="/facts/Ttyrec/9R5CSwe4">ttyrec</a></li></ul>
<h2 id="video-compression-formats">Video compression formats</h2>
Main article: <a href="/facts/Video_coding_format/Dmzykxmn">Video coding format</a>
Further information: <a href="/facts/Video_codec/psfSuqg7">Video codec</a> and <a href="/facts/Comparison_of_video_codecs/Mq3ppaAy">Comparison of video codecs</a>
<h3><a href="/facts/Uncompressed_video/Me7fBF9w">Non-compression</a></h3>
<ul><li>RGB 4:4:4 (only linear, transfer-converted and bit-reduced also sort of compression up to about 3:1 for HDR)</li>
<li>YUV 4:4:4/4:2:2/4:1:1/4:2:0 (all lower 4:4:4 is spatially compressed up to 2:1 for 4:2:0 with specific colour distortions).
<ul><li>Intel IYUV</li></ul></li>
<li>10-bit uncompressed video</li>
<li>Composite digital signal - used by SMPTE <a href="/facts/D-2_(video)/2My3JKMr">D-2</a> and <a href="/facts/D-3_(video)/l5urQoCx">D-3</a> broadcast digital videocassettes</li>
<li>Avid DNxUncompressed (SMPTE RDD 50)</li>
<li>V210 - defined by Apple and used by <a href="/facts/Serial_digital_interface/T9VlXM56">Serial digital interface</a> <a href="/facts/Input/output/WQTE8Jas">Input/output</a> video cards<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:52" href="#fn:52">52</a></li></ul>
<h3>Analog signals</h3>
<ul><li><a href="/facts/PAL/t8TugcxK">PAL</a> broadcast signal
<ul><li>Pyctools-PAL (open source)</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/NTSC/HYWIvxCR">NTSC</a> broadcast signal
<ul><li>gr-ntsc (open source)</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/LaserDisc/nU4WJhDM">LaserDisc</a> RF signal
<ul><li>ld-decode (open source)</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/VHS/aN1lffdC">VHS</a> / <a href="/facts/S-VHS/RYzE1gnN">S-VHS</a> / <a href="/facts/U-Matic/sJwSu0op">U-Matic</a> RF signal
<ul><li>VHS-Decode (open source)</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Composite_video/FIsE6mBz">Composite Video Baseband Signal</a> (CVBS)
<ul><li>VHS-Decode's CVBS-Decode (open source)</li></ul></li></ul>
<h3><a href="/facts/Data_compression/gMFuY4FT">Lossless</a> video compression</h3>
<ul><li>ITU-T/ISO/IEC standards:
<ul><li><a href="/facts/H.264/soCzKcmJ">H.264</a> lossless
<ul><li><a href="/facts/X264/owWXH5CL">x264</a> (encoder only)</li>
<li>FFmpeg (decoder only, uses x264 for encoding)</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/H.265/6gp7DC1a">H.265</a> lossless<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:53" href="#fn:53">53</a>
<ul><li><a href="/facts/X265/grbdzKzS">x265</a> (encoder only)</li>
<li><a href="/facts/MulticoreWare/KKREqzfz">UHDcode</a> (decoder only, uses x265 to read HEVC encoded files)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:54" href="#fn:54">54</a></li>
<li>FFmpeg (decoder only, uses x265 for encoding)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:55" href="#fn:55">55</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:56" href="#fn:56">56</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Motion_JPEG_2000/6YfSeDAG">Motion JPEG 2000</a> lossless
<ul><li>libopenjpeg</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/JPEG_XS/9HDJ85Q9">JPEG XS</a> lossless
<ul><li>FastTICO-XS</li></ul></li></ul></li>
<li>IETF standards:
<ul><li><a href="/facts/FFV1/4jgrMNBK">FFV1</a> (RFC 9043)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:57" href="#fn:57">57</a>  – FFV1's compression factor is comparable to <a href="/facts/Jpeg2000/GAzXdHI2">Motion JPEG 2000</a>, but based on quicker algorithms (allows real-time capture). Written by Michael Niedermayer and published as part of <a href="/facts/FFmpeg/85yf3kHI">FFmpeg</a> under <a href="/facts/GNU_LGPL/AXwkz9x3">GNU LGPL</a>.
<ul><li>FFmpeg</li></ul></li></ul></li>
<li>SMPTE standards:
<ul><li><a href="/facts/Dirac_(video_compression_format)/RJGIIss7">VC-2</a> HQ lossless (a.k.a. <a href="/facts/Dirac_(codec)/RJGIIss7">Dirac</a> Pro lossless)
<ul><li>libdirac</li>
<li>libschroedinger</li></ul></li></ul></li>
<li>Alparysoft Lossless Video Codec (Alpary)</li>
<li><a href="/facts/QuickTime_Animation/nxNA5Tk7">Apple Animation</a> (QuickTime RLE)
<ul><li>QuickTime</li>
<li>FFmpeg</li></ul></li>
<li>ArithYuv</li>
<li><a href="/facts/AOMedia_Video_1/d07UxHgf">AV1</a>
<ul><li><a href="/facts/AV1/d07UxHgf">libaom</a></li></ul></li>
<li>AVIzlib
<ul><li>LCL (VfW codec) MSZH and ZLIB<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:58" href="#fn:58">58</a></li>
<li>FFmpeg</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Autodesk_Animator/4eBz2c45">Autodesk Animator</a> Codec (AASC)
<ul><li>FFmpeg (decoder only)</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/CAI_Format/cYPzgfD8">CAI Format</a></li>
<li>CamStudio GZIP/LZO
<ul><li>FFmpeg (decoder only)</li></ul></li>
<li>Chennai Codec (EVX-1)
<ul><li>Cairo Experimental Video Codec (open source)</li></ul></li>
<li>Dxtory
<ul><li>FFmpeg (decoder only)</li></ul></li>
<li>FastCodec</li>
<li><a href="/facts/Flash_Video/rbbPoE7H">Flash Screen Video</a> v1/v2<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:59" href="#fn:59">59</a>
<ul><li>FFmpeg</li></ul></li>
<li>FM Screen Capture Codec
<ul><li>FFmpeg (decoder only)</li></ul></li>
<li>Fraps codec (FPS1)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:60" href="#fn:60">60</a>
<ul><li>FFmpeg (decoder only)</li></ul></li>
<li>Grass Valley Lossless
<ul><li>Grass Valley Codec Option</li>
<li>FFmpeg (decoder only)</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Huffyuv/h0krtjGQ">Huffyuv</a> Huffyuv (or HuffYUV) was written by Ben Rudiak-Gould and published under the terms of the <a href="/facts/GNU_GPL/S75KhLSX">GNU GPL</a> as free software, meant to replace uncompressed YCbCr as a video capture format. It uses very little CPU but takes a lot of disk space. See also ffvhuff which is an "FFmpeg only" version of it.
<ul><li>FFmpeg</li></ul></li>
<li>IgCodec</li>
<li>Intel RLE</li>
<li>innoHeim/Rsupport Screen Capture Codec
<ul><li>FFmpeg (decoder only)</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Lagarith/GClgC2F4">Lagarith</a> A more up-to-date fork of Huffyuv is available as Lagarith<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:61" href="#fn:61">61</a>
<ul><li>Lagarith Codec (VfW codec)</li>
<li>FFmpeg (decoder only)</li></ul></li>
<li>LOCO<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:62" href="#fn:62">62</a> - based on <a href="/facts/JPEG-LS/6E9zWoj1">JPEG-LS</a>
<ul><li>FFmpeg (decoder only)</li></ul></li>
<li>MagicYUV<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:63" href="#fn:63">63</a>
<ul><li>MagicYUV SDK</li>
<li>FFmpeg</li></ul></li>
<li>Microsoft <a href="/facts/Run-length_encoding/3k6x9afM">RLE</a> (MSRLE)
<ul><li>FFmpeg</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/MSU_Lossless_Video_Codec/Ta2GqeFh">MSU Lossless Video Codec</a></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Moscow_State_University/xHPG4oau">MSU</a> Screen Capture Lossless</li>
<li>CorePNG [de] - based on <a href="/facts/Portable_Network_Graphics/mwgK6xw5">PNG</a>
<ul><li>FFmpeg</li></ul></li>
<li>ScreenPresso (SPV1)
<ul><li>FFmpeg (decoder only)</li></ul></li>
<li>ScreenPressor<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:64" href="#fn:64">64</a> - a successor of MSU Screen Capture Lossless
<ul><li>FFmpeg (decoder only)</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/SheerVideo/aSmUR4Kw">SheerVideo</a>
<ul><li>FFmpeg (decoder only)</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Snow_(codec)/85yf3kHI">Snow</a> lossless
<ul><li>FFmpeg</li></ul></li>
<li>TechSmith Screen Capture Codec (TSCC)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:65" href="#fn:65">65</a>
<ul><li>EnSharpen Video Codec for QuickTime</li>
<li>FFmpeg (decoder only)</li></ul></li>
<li>Toponoky</li>
<li><a href="/facts/Ut_Video_Codec_Suite/cz2qFQJX">Ut Video Codec Suite</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:66" href="#fn:66">66</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:67" href="#fn:67">67</a>
<ul><li>libutvideo</li>
<li>FFmpeg</li></ul></li>
<li>VBLE<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:68" href="#fn:68">68</a>
<ul><li>FFmpeg (decoder only)</li></ul></li>
<li>VMnc VMware screen codec<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:69" href="#fn:69">69</a> - used by <a href="/facts/VMware_Workstation/uJIeY0dE">VMware Workstation</a>
<ul><li>FFmpeg (decoder only)</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/VP9/dBP8ffoc">VP9</a> by <a href="/facts/Google/GT9Sugza">Google</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:70" href="#fn:70">70</a>
<ul><li>libvpx</li>
<li>FFmpeg (decoder only)</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/YULS/46oFAAQX">YULS</a></li>
<li>ZeroCodec
<ul><li>FFmpeg (decoder only)</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="http://wiki.multimedia.cx/index.php?title=DosBox_Capture_Codec">ZMBV</a> (Zip Motion Block Video) Codec - used by <a href="/facts/DOSBox/Du2egHYo">DOSBox</a>
<ul><li>FFmpeg</li></ul></li></ul>
<h4>Lossless game codecs</h4>
<ul><li>DXA
<ul><li><a href="/facts/ScummVM/6cqwuU9o">ScummVM</a> Tools (encoder only)</li>
<li>FFmpeg (decoder only)</li></ul></li></ul>
<h3>Lossy compression</h3>
<ul><li><a href="/facts/Discrete_cosine_transform/gPpDhPwP">Discrete cosine transform</a> (DCT, used in <a href="/facts/Betacam/ut9e8Lzh">Digital Betacam</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:71" href="#fn:71">71</a> and most of the video codecs listed below)</li></ul>
<h4>General</h4>
<ul><li>ITU-T/ISO/IEC standards:
<ul><li><a href="/facts/H.120/QoyMkCI3">H.120</a></li>
<li><a href="/facts/H.261/2XzQrNgo">H.261</a> (a.k.a. Px64)
<ul><li><a href="/facts/FFmpeg/85yf3kHI">FFmpeg</a> H.261 (<a href="/facts/Libavcodec/69SFWWvw">libavcodec</a>)</li>
<li>Microsoft H.263</li></ul></li>
<li>MPEG-1 Part 2 (<a href="/facts/MPEG-1/ewnQQLPD">MPEG-1</a> Video)
<ul><li><a href="/facts/FFmpeg/85yf3kHI">FFmpeg</a></li>
<li><a href="/facts/MainConcept/vKWXoWgV">MainConcept</a> MPEG-1</li>
<li><a href="/facts/TMPGEnc/kf3jHaEk">TMPGEnc</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/H.262/MPEG-2_Part_2/uKxBALVh">H.262/MPEG-2 Part 2</a> (MPEG-2 Video)
<ul><li><a href="/facts/Canopus_Corporation/vcIEoSxg">Canopus</a> <a href="/facts/ProCoder/xBYp4lQQ">ProCoder</a></li>
<li>Cinema Craft Encoder</li>
<li><a href="/facts/FFmpeg/85yf3kHI">FFmpeg</a></li>
<li><a href="/facts/InterVideo/1aGky8wS">InterVideo</a> Video Decoder</li>
<li>MainConcept MPEG-2</li>
<li>Microsoft H.263</li>
<li><a href="/facts/TMPGEnc/kf3jHaEk">TMPGEnc</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/H.263/KSxo04Gy">H.263</a>
<ul><li><a href="/facts/FFmpeg/85yf3kHI">FFmpeg</a> H.263 (<a href="/facts/Libavcodec/69SFWWvw">libavcodec</a>)</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/MPEG-4_Part_2/qrahXdyN">MPEG-4 Part 2</a> (MPEG-4 Advanced Simple Profile)
<ul><li><a href="/facts/3ivx/qksNLF6D">3ivx</a></li>
<li><a href="/facts/DivX/xHglFaG2">DivX</a></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Libavcodec/69SFWWvw">libavcodec</a></li>
<li><a href="/facts/HDX4/fSLabhwD">HDX4</a></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Nero_Digital/RrrLgveI">Nero Digital</a></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Xvid/CbpsozCI">Xvid</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/H.264/MPEG-4_AVC/soCzKcmJ">H.264/MPEG-4 AVC</a> or MPEG-4 Part 10 (MPEG-4 Advanced Video Coding), approved for <a href="/facts/Blu-ray/zyPalhfG">Blu-ray</a>
<ul><li><a href="/facts/CoreAVC/0xFuw6Ir">CoreAVC</a> (decoder only; limited to below Hi10P profile)</li>
<li><a href="/facts/MainConcept/vKWXoWgV">MainConcept</a></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Nero_Digital/RrrLgveI">Nero Digital</a></li>
<li><a href="/facts/QuickTime/rA3GQp2j">QuickTime H.264</a></li>
<li>Sorenson AVC Pro codec, <a href="/facts/Sorenson_codec/Io1gh5kb">Sorenson</a>'s new implementation</li>
<li><a href="/facts/OpenH264/X5HKAR5G">OpenH264</a> (baseline profile only)</li>
<li><a href="/facts/X264/owWXH5CL">x264</a> (encoder only; supports some of Hi422P and Hi444PP features)</li>
<li>FFmpeg (decoder only)</li></ul></li>
<li>MPEG-4 AVC variants:
<ul><li><a href="/facts/Internet_Video_Coding/6N0DtQBy">MPEG-4 Web Video Coding</a> or MPEG-4 Part 29 – a subset of MPEG-4 AVC baseline profile</li>
<li><a href="/facts/XAVC/9rdfCkL2">XAVC</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/HEVC/6gp7DC1a">HEVC</a> (High Efficiency Video Coding, H.265, MPEG-H part 2)
<ul><li><a href="/facts/X265/grbdzKzS">x265</a> (encoder only)</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Versatile_Video_Coding/nY7Ew1q8">Versatile Video Coding</a> (H.266, VVC)
<ul><li>VVC Test Model (VTM reference software for VVC; open source)</li>
<li>Fraunhofer Versatile Video Decoder (open source; decoder only)</li>
<li>Fraunhofer Versatile Video Encoder (open source; encoder only)</li>
<li>FFmpeg (decoder only)</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Internet_Video_Coding/6N0DtQBy">Video Coding for Browsers (VCB)</a>/<a href="/facts/VP8/dfoDPMDg">VP8</a> (MPEG-4 Part 31, ISO/IEC 14496-31, RFC 6386)
<ul><li><a href="/facts/Libvpx/YFQEMMSu">libvpx</a></li>
<li>FFmpeg</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Internet_Video_Coding/6N0DtQBy">Internet Video Coding</a> (ISO/IEC 14496-33, MPEG-4 IVC)</li>
<li><a href="/facts/Essential_Video_Coding/PmtYmLAI">Essential Video Coding</a> (EVC; MPEG-5 Part 1; under-development)
<ul><li>eXtra-fast Essential Video Encoder (open source; encoder only)</li>
<li>eXtra-fast Essential Video Decoder (open source; decoder only)</li></ul></li></ul></li>
<li>IETF Internet Draft (<a href="/facts/NETVC/nEsHSgrI">NETVC</a>)
<ul><li>xvc<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:72" href="#fn:72">72</a>
<ul><li>Divideon's reference implementation (open source)</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Thor_(video_codec)/rG5hNmWQ">Thor</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:73" href="#fn:73">73</a> (forms the basis of AV1)
<ul><li><a href="/facts/Cisco/ocDgQt6T">Cisco</a>'s reference implementation (open source)</li></ul></li></ul></li>
<li>SMPTE standards:
<ul><li><a href="/facts/VC-1/KotHFF8I">VC-1</a> (SMPTE 421M, subset of <a href="/facts/Windows_Media_Video/dvIxao6b">Windows Media Video</a>)
<ul><li>FFmpeg (decoder only)</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Dirac_(codec)/RJGIIss7">Dirac</a> (SMPTE 2042-1)
<ul><li>Schrödinger</li>
<li>dirac-research</li>
<li>FFmpeg (decoder only)</li></ul></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Alliance_for_Open_Media/hh8D2xpK">Alliance for Open Media</a>
<ul><li><a href="/facts/AV1/d07UxHgf">AV1</a> (AOMedia Video 1)
<ul><li><a href="/facts/AV1/d07UxHgf">libaom</a></li>
<li>SVT-AV1</li>
<li>rav1e (encoder only)</li>
<li>dav1d (decoder only)</li>
<li>libgav1 (decoder only)</li></ul></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Xiph.Org_Foundation/HJCFzyyx">Xiph.Org Foundation</a>
<ul><li><a href="/facts/Daala/0oyPpRJP">Daala</a> (under development, basis (alongside other formats) of AV1)
<ul><li>libdaala (open source)</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Theora/RnlKRQBb">Theora</a> (based on <a href="/facts/VP3/0uCWamRp">VP3</a>)
<ul><li>FFmpeg (decoding only)</li>
<li>libtheora (open source)</li></ul></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Apple_Video/L8aYH99v">Apple Video</a> (Apple RPZA)
<ul><li><a href="/facts/QuickTime/rA3GQp2j">QuickTime</a></li>
<li><a href="/facts/FFmpeg/85yf3kHI">FFmpeg</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/FORscene/LSo7TAQp">Blackbird</a> FORscene video codec</li>
<li><a href="/facts/FORscene/LSo7TAQp">Firebird</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:74" href="#fn:74">74</a> Original FORscene video codec</li>
<li><a href="/facts/Digital_Video_Interactive/xgnQzpfn">Digital Video Interactive</a> standards:
<ul><li>RTV 2.1 (a.k.a. <a href="/facts/Indeo/xvNS7f50">Indeo</a> 2)
<ul><li>FFmpeg (decoder only)</li></ul></li>
<li>PLV (Production Level Video)
<ul><li>ActionMedia II driver (decoder only)</li></ul></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Indeo/xvNS7f50">Indeo</a> 3<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:75" href="#fn:75">75</a>/4/5<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:76" href="#fn:76">76</a>
<ul><li>FFmpeg (decoder only)</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Microsoft_Video_1/bzJqe61X">Microsoft Video 1</a> (MSV1, MS-CRAM, based on MotiVE)
<ul><li>FFmpeg (decoder only)</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Open_Media_Commons/8mvgmSUr">Open Media Commons</a> standards:
<ul><li><a href="/facts/OMS_Video/fNnFK8jx">OMS Video</a> (based on <a href="/facts/H.261/2XzQrNgo">H.261</a>)</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/On2_Technologies/IDyBFK8S">On2 Technologies</a> TrueMotion <a href="/facts/VP3/0uCWamRp">VP3</a>/VP4, <a href="/facts/VP5/IDyBFK8S">VP5</a>, <a href="/facts/VP6/R3k0w8KU">VP6</a>, <a href="/facts/VP7/IDyBFK8S">VP7</a>; under the name The Duck Corporation: <a href="/facts/TrueMotion_S/IDyBFK8S">TrueMotion S</a>, TrueMotion 2, TrueMotion RT 2.0
<ul><li>FFmpeg (decoder only)</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/RealVideo/XKhRlNfN">RealVideo</a> 1, G2, 8, 9 and 10
<ul><li>FFmpeg</li>
<li>RealMedia HD SDK</li></ul></li>
<li>RealVideo Fractal Codec (a.k.a. Iterated Systems ClearVideo)
<ul><li>FFmpeg (decoder only)</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/RealVideo/XKhRlNfN">RealMedia HD</a> (a.k.a. RealVideo 11 or RV60)
<ul><li>RealMedia HD SDK</li>
<li>FFmpeg (decoder only)</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Snow_(codec)/85yf3kHI">Snow</a> Wavelet Codec</li>
<li><a href="/facts/Sorenson_Video/Io1gh5kb">Sorenson Video</a>,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:77" href="#fn:77">77</a> <a href="/facts/Sorenson_Spark/Io1gh5kb">Sorenson Spark</a>
<ul><li>FFmpeg</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/VP9/dBP8ffoc">VP9</a> by Google; <a href="/facts/VP10/dBP8ffoc">VP10</a> was not released and instead was integrated into AV1
<ul><li><a href="/facts/Libvpx/YFQEMMSu">libvpx</a></li>
<li>FFmpeg</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Windows_Media_Video/dvIxao6b">Windows Media Video</a> (WMV)
<ul><li>WAX (Part of the Windows Media Series)</li>
<li>FFmpeg</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Guobiao_standards/bUH1ggRa">Guobiao standards</a> (GB/T)
<ul><li><a href="/facts/Audio_Video_Standard/t8G6YWvd">Audio Video Standard (AVS)</a>
<ul><li>AVS1-P2 (GB/T 20090.2-2006) - used in <a href="/facts/China_Blue_High-definition_Disc/kIkxRQET">China Blue High-definition Disc</a>.
<ul><li>FFmpeg (decoding only)</li></ul></li>
<li>AVS1-P7 (AVS-M; under-development)</li>
<li>AVS2-P2 (GB/T 33475.2-2016, IEEE 1857.4 (draft))
<ul><li>uAVS2 Encoder</li>
<li>xavs2 (encoder only)</li>
<li>davs2 (libdavs2; decoder only)</li></ul></li>
<li>AVS3-P2 (draft, IEEE1857.10)
<ul><li>uavs3e (encoder only)</li>
<li>uavs3d (decoder only)</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>
<h4>AI-based / AI-enhanced video codecs</h4>
<ul><li>AIVC<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:78" href="#fn:78">78</a></li>
<li>Deep Render codec<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:79" href="#fn:79">79</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:80" href="#fn:80">80</a></li>
<li>MPAI
<ul><li>AI-Enhanced Video Coding (<a href="/facts/Essential_Video_Coding/PmtYmLAI">MPAI-EVC</a>; under development)</li>
<li>AI-based End-to-End Video Coding (MPAI-EEV; under development)</li></ul></li></ul>
<h4>Scalable / Layered</h4>
VP8,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:81" href="#fn:81">81</a> VP9,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:82" href="#fn:82">82</a> AV1,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:83" href="#fn:83">83</a> and <a href="/facts/Versatile_Video_Coding/nY7Ew1q8">H.266/VVC</a> support scalable modes by default.

<ul><li>ITU-T/ISO/IEC standards:
<ul><li>Scalable Video Coding (H.264/SVC; H.264/MPEG-4 AVC Annex G; an extension of <a href="/facts/Advanced_Video_Coding/soCzKcmJ">H.264/MPEG-4 AVC</a>)</li>
<li>Scalable High Efficiency Video Coding (SHVC; an extension of <a href="/facts/High_Efficiency_Video_Coding/6gp7DC1a">H.265/HEVC</a>)</li>
<li>Low Complexity Enhancement Video Coding (<a href="/facts/LCEVC/7MShExc7">LCEVC</a>; MPEG-5 Part 2)
<ul><li>LCEVC Decoder SDK (open source; decoder only)</li>
<li>V-Nova LCEVC SDK</li></ul></li></ul></li>
<li>SMPTE standards
<ul><li>VC-4 Layered Video Extension (SMPTE ST 2058-1:2011)</li></ul></li></ul>
<h4>Intra-frame-only</h4>
<ul><li><a href="/facts/Motion_JPEG/X68g4FvS">Motion JPEG</a>
<ul><li><a href="/facts/FFmpeg/85yf3kHI">FFmpeg</a></li>
<li>Morgan Multimedia M-JPEG<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:84" href="#fn:84">84</a></li>
<li>Pegasus PICVideo M-JPEG</li>
<li>MainConcept M-JPEG</li></ul></li>
<li>ISO/IEC standard
<ul><li><a href="/facts/Motion_JPEG_2000/6YfSeDAG">Motion JPEG 2000</a> (ISO/IEC 15444-3, ITU-T T.802)
<ul><li>libopenjpeg</li>
<li>FFmpeg</li>
<li>Morgan Multimedia M-JPEG2000<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:85" href="#fn:85">85</a></li>
<li>Morgan Multimedia dcpPlayer (decoder only)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:86" href="#fn:86">86</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/JPEG_XS/9HDJ85Q9">JPEG XS</a> (ISO/IEC 21122) Lightweight Low latency video codec
<ul><li>intoPIX fastTICO-XS<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:87" href="#fn:87">87</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/DV_(video_format)/WIDU6bWW">DV</a> (IEC 61834)
<ul><li>FFmpeg</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/MPEG-4_Part_2/qrahXdyN">MPEG-4 SStP</a> (ISO/IEC 14496-2)
<ul><li>FFmpeg<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:88" href="#fn:88">88</a></li></ul></li>
<li>Motion <a href="/facts/JPEG_XR/2S78PWt3">JPEG XR</a> (ISO/IEC 29199-3, ITU-T T.833)</li>
<li>Animated <a href="/facts/JPEG_XL/gU0o8Kcr">JPEG XL</a> (ISO/IEC 18181)
<ul><li>libjxl<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:89" href="#fn:89">89</a></li></ul></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/ProRes_422/Ll6fWKvt">Apple ProRes 422/4444</a>
<ul><li>FFmpeg</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Apple_Intermediate_Codec/CSVr4p4h">Apple Intermediate Codec</a>
<ul><li>FFmpeg (decoder only)</li></ul></li>
<li>Apple <a href="/facts/Pixlet/fADLMdqC">Pixlet</a>
<ul><li>FFmpeg (decoder only)</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/AVC-Intra/XsSPg59o">AVC-Intra</a>
<ul><li>x264 (encoder only)</li>
<li>FFmpeg (decoder only)</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/AVC-Intra/XsSPg59o">AVC-Ultra</a> – a subset of MPEG-4 AVC Hi444PP profile</li>
<li>XAVC-I</li>
<li><a href="/facts/CineForm/RUTvyxFx">CineForm</a> HD
<ul><li>CineForm-SDK  – developed by <a href="/facts/GoPro/hpxk5c7r">GoPro</a> (open source)</li>
<li>FFmpeg</li></ul></li>
<li>SMPTE standard
<ul><li><a href="/facts/VC-2/RJGIIss7">VC-2</a> SMPTE standard (a.k.a. Dirac Pro. SMPTE ST 2042)
<ul><li>Schrödinger</li>
<li>dirac-research</li>
<li>VC-2 Reference Encoder and Decoder  – developed by <a href="/facts/BBC/qFateIz8">BBC</a> (open source)</li>
<li>FFmpeg (the encoder only supports VC-2 HQ profile)</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/VC-3/ItNzz9g8">VC-3</a> SMPTE standard (SMPTE ST 2019)
<ul><li>Avid <a href="/facts/DNxHD/ItNzz9g8">DNxHD</a></li>
<li><a href="/facts/FFmpeg/85yf3kHI">FFmpeg</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/CineForm/RUTvyxFx">VC-5</a> SMPTE standard (SMPTE ST 2073; a superset of CineForm HD)</li>
<li><a href="/facts/VC-6/g7X11ngE">VC-6</a> SMPTE standard (SMPTE ST 2117-1)
<ul><li>V-Nova VC-6 SDK</li></ul></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Grass_Valley_(company)/ehRye4Q0">Grass Valley</a> HQ/HQA/HQX
<ul><li>Grass Valley Codec Option</li>
<li>FFmpeg (decoder only)</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/NewTek/pYrvklfW">NewTek</a> NT25</li>
<li><a href="/facts/NewTek/pYrvklfW">NewTek</a> SpeedHQ - used in <a href="/facts/Network_Device_Interface/ttw8vDlg">Network Device Interface</a> (NDI) protocol
<ul><li>NewTek Codec<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:90" href="#fn:90">90</a></li>
<li>FFmpeg</li></ul></li></ul>
<h4>Stereoscopic 3D / Multiview</h4>
<ul><li><a href="/facts/Multiview_Video_Coding/g8wTo77q">Multiview Video Coding</a></li>
<li>Multiview High Efficiency Video Coding (MV-HEVC; an extension of H.265/HEVC)
<ul><li>FFmpeg (decoder only)</li></ul></li></ul>
<h4>Security and surveillance cameras</h4>
<ul><li><a href="/facts/Guobiao_standards/bUH1ggRa">Guobiao standards</a> (GB/T)
<ul><li>AVS-S-P2 (suspended<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:91" href="#fn:91">91</a>)</li>
<li>SVAC (GB/T 25724-2010)</li></ul></li>
<li>Infinity CCTV Codec (IMM4/IMM5/IMM6)
<ul><li>FFmpeg<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:92" href="#fn:92">92</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:93" href="#fn:93">93</a> (IMM4 and IMM5 decoder only)</li></ul></li></ul>
<h4>CD-ROM or CD-related video codecs</h4>
<ul><li><a href="/facts/CDXL/5bS0N3mA">CDXL</a> codec
<ul><li>FFmpeg (decoder only)</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Cinepak/7l5Jhr0Y">Cinepak</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:94" href="#fn:94">94</a> (a.k.a. Apple Compact Video)
<ul><li>FFmpeg</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Photo_CD/Y4Klg0hA">Photo CD</a> codec
<ul><li>FFmpeg (decoder only)</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/MovieCD/3n6moXnh">MotionPixels</a> - used in MovieCD
<ul><li>FFmpeg (decoder only)</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/CD%2BG/z5Wcqj7d">CD+G</a> (CD+Graphics) codec
<ul><li>FFmpeg (decoder only)</li>
<li>VLC (decoder only)</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/CD%2BG/z5Wcqj7d">CD+EG</a> (CD+Extended Graphics) codec</li></ul>
<h4>Network video codecs</h4>
<ul><li>SMPTE RDD
<ul><li>LLVC (Low Latency Video Codec; SMPTE RDD 34) - used in Networked Media Interface (NMI; SMPTE RDD 40)</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/High_Efficiency_Video_Coding/6gp7DC1a">HEVC-SCC</a> (Screen Content Coding Extensions)</li>
<li>ZRLE (RFC 6143 7.7.6) - used by <a href="/facts/Virtual_Network_Computing/xTmWVgV4">VNC</a></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Sun_Microsystems/VJ9EzEFd">Sun Microsystems</a>'s CellB video (<a href="/facts/RTP_payload_formats/RsPjoweL">RTP playload type</a> 25) - used in <a href="/facts/Oracle_Solaris/KPfT98EJ">Solaris</a>'s SunVideo Plus<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:95" href="#fn:95">95</a> and <a href="/facts/Lawrence_Berkeley_National_Laboratory/tvjPSwC9">Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory</a>'s vic (Video Conferencing Tool)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:96" href="#fn:96">96</a></li>
<li><a href="/facts/PARC_(company)/fh2Su0k9">Xerox PARC</a>'s Network Video (nv; <a href="/facts/RTP_payload_formats/RsPjoweL">RTP playload type</a> 28) - used in Xerox's nv and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory's vic (Video Conferencing Tool)</li>
<li><a href="/facts/CU-SeeMe/T9BqEHc4">CU-SeeMe</a> video codec</li>
<li><a href="/facts/GoToMeeting/TRebCg02">GoToMeeting</a> codec
<ul><li>FFmpeg (decoder only)</li></ul></li></ul>
<h4>Bayer/Compressed RAW video codecs</h4>
<ul><li><a href="/facts/CinemaDNG/axbGdfKN">CinemaDNG</a> (created by Adobe; used in <a href="/facts/Blackmagic_Design/83GhYcsC">Blackmagic</a> cameras)</li>
<li>Redcode RAW (used in <a href="/facts/Red_Digital_Cinema_Camera_Company/zFnC883a">RED cameras</a>) – a modified version of JPEG 2000<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:97" href="#fn:97">97</a>
<ul><li>libredcode</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Arri_Alexa/upScdnTB">ArriRaw</a> (used in <a href="/facts/Arri/SXmas3PY">Arri</a> cameras)</li>
<li><a href="/facts/Cineform/RUTvyxFx">Cineform</a> RAW (used in <a href="/facts/Silicon_Imaging/Y5EjswlI">Silicon Imaging</a> cameras)
<ul><li>CineForm-SDK</li></ul></li>
<li>Blackmagic RAW (used in <a href="/facts/Blackmagic_Design/83GhYcsC">Blackmagic</a> cameras)
<ul><li>Blackmagic RAW SDK</li></ul></li>
<li>Cintel RAW (used in <a href="/facts/Cintel/8LDSMrw9">Cintel</a> Scanner<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:98" href="#fn:98">98</a>)
<ul><li>FFmpeg (decoder only)</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Apple_ProRes/Ll6fWKvt">Apple ProRes</a> RAW</li>
<li>intoPIX TICO RAW<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:99" href="#fn:99">99</a>
<ul><li>intoPIX fastTICO-RAW SDK & TICO-RAW FPGA/ASIC libraries<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:100" href="#fn:100">100</a></li></ul></li>
<li>Canon CRX - used in Canon Cinema Raw Light movie
<ul><li>Canon RAW Plugin for Avid Media Access</li>
<li>LibRaw (decoder only; open source)</li></ul></li>
<li>Sony X-OCN</li></ul>
<h4>Video games</h4>
<ul><li><a href="/facts/Bink_Video/x34Yexem">Bink Video</a>, <a href="/facts/Smacker_video/qauP511U">Smacker video</a>
<ul><li>FFmpeg</li>
<li>libavcodec</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Nintendo/dMrLpaHu">Nintendo</a> <a href="/facts/Nintendo_European_Research_%26_Development/syT15LNG">Mobiclip</a> video codec
<ul><li>FFmpeg (decoder only)</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/CRI_Middleware/ET0KcSrE">CRI</a> <a href="/facts/CRI_Middleware/ET0KcSrE">Sofdec</a> codec - a MPEG variant with 11-bit DC and color space correction;<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:101" href="#fn:101">101</a> used in Sofdec middleware</li>
<li>CRI P256 - used in Sofdec middleware for Nintendo DS<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:102" href="#fn:102">102</a></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Indeo/xvNS7f50">Indeo</a> Video Interactive (aka Indeo 4/5) - used in PC games for <a href="/facts/Microsoft_Windows/bwhAhuSL">Microsoft Windows</a>
<ul><li>FFmpeg (decoder only)</li>
<li>Intel Indeo Video</li></ul></li></ul>
<h4>Real-time</h4>
<ul><li><a href="/facts/RivaTuner/rsBQj17D">RivaTuner</a> video codec (RTV1/RTV2)
<ul><li>FFmpeg (RTV1 decoder only)</li></ul></li>
<li>Hap/Hap Alpha/Hap Q
<ul><li>VIDVOX hap codec</li>
<li>FFmpeg</li></ul></li>
<li>DXV Codec
<ul><li>Resolume DXV Codec</li>
<li>FFmpeg</li></ul></li>
<li>NotchLC
<ul><li>FFmpeg (decoder only)</li></ul></li>
<li>VESA Display Stream Compression (DSC)</li>
<li>VESA Display Compression-M (VDC-M)</li></ul>
<h2 id="see-also">See also</h2>
<ul>
<li>Free and open-source software portal</li></ul>
<ul><li><a href="/facts/List_of_open-source_codecs/tLbSPJmw">List of open-source codecs</a></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Comparison_of_video_codecs/Mq3ppaAy">Comparison of video codecs</a></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Comparison_of_audio_coding_formats/vn4Ym1dR">Comparison of audio coding formats</a></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Comparison_of_video_container_formats/Juj4Sbzg">Comparison of video container formats</a></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Comparison_of_graphics_file_formats/rzdajK1R">Comparison of graphics file formats</a></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Comparison_of_video_player_software/zHVHvVN7">Comparison of video player software</a></li>
<li><a href="/facts/RTP_payload_formats/RsPjoweL">RTP payload formats</a></li></ul>

<h2 id="references">References</h2>

<ol>
<li id="fn:1">FLAC (Free Lossless Audio Codec), Version 1.1.2 Library of Congress <a href="http://www.digitalpreservation.gov/formats/fdd/fdd000198.shtml" target="_blank">http://www.digitalpreservation.gov/formats/fdd/fdd000198.shtml</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:2">"About lossless audio in Apple Music". 25 October 2021. <a href="https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT212183" target="_blank">https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT212183</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:3">"BFDLAC: A Fast lossless Audio Compression Algorithm For Drum Sounds" (PDF). <a href="http://acmc2015.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/McDonald-2015-BFDLAC-A-FAST-LOSSLESS-AUDIO-COMPRESSION-ALGORITHM-FOR-DRUM-SOUNDS-OR-SIZE-ISN%E2%80%99T-EVERYTHING.pdf" target="_blank">http://acmc2015.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/McDonald-2015-BFDLAC-A-FAST-LOSSLESS-AUDIO-COMPRESSION-ALGORITHM-FOR-DRUM-SOUNDS-OR-SIZE-ISN%E2%80%99T-EVERYTHING.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:4">Matsui, Emiko (2023-09-19). "Huawei L2HC 3.0 delivers 1.5Mbps lossless sound quality, 4X faster than Apple's AAC". Huawei Central. Retrieved 2024-04-29. <a href="https://www.huaweicentral.com/huawei-l2hc-3-0-delivers-1-5mbps-lossless-sound-quality-4x-faster-than-apples-aac/" target="_blank">https://www.huaweicentral.com/huawei-l2hc-3-0-delivers-1-5mbps-lossless-sound-quality-4x-faster-than-apples-aac/</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:5">"Lossless Audio Homepage". www.lossless-audio.com. <a href="http://www.lossless-audio.com/index.htm" target="_blank">http://www.lossless-audio.com/index.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:6">Shorten Lossless Audio Compression Format (SHN), Version 3.5.1 Library of Congress <a href="http://www.digitalpreservation.gov/formats/fdd/fdd000199.shtml" target="_blank">http://www.digitalpreservation.gov/formats/fdd/fdd000199.shtml</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:7">"RK Audio - Hydrogenaudio Knowledgebase". wiki.hydrogenaud.io. <a href="http://wiki.hydrogenaud.io/index.php?title=RK_Audio" target="_blank">http://wiki.hydrogenaud.io/index.php?title=RK_Audio</a> <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:8">FFmpeg 7.1 Released With VVC Decoder Promoted To Stable, Vulkan H.264/H.265 Encode. Phoronix. 30 September 2024. <a href="https://www.phoronix.com/news/FFmpeg-7.1-Released" target="_blank">https://www.phoronix.com/news/FFmpeg-7.1-Released</a> <a href="#fnref:8" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:9">IPMR Speech Codec - draft-spiritdsp-ipmr-01.txt IETF <a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-spiritdsp-ipmr-01" target="_blank">https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-spiritdsp-ipmr-01</a> <a href="#fnref:9" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:10">TeamSpirit Voice&Video Engine PC. Spirit DSP <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100130060347/http://www.spiritdsp.com/products/voice-video-engine-pc.php" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20100130060347/http://www.spiritdsp.com/products/voice-video-engine-pc.php</a> <a href="#fnref:10" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:11">WavTokenizer: A Breakthrough Acoustic Codec Model Redefining Audio Compression. Marktechpost Media. September 3, 2024 <a href="https://www.marktechpost.com/2024/09/03/wavtokenizer-a-breakthrough-acoustic-codec-model-redefining-audio-compression/" target="_blank">https://www.marktechpost.com/2024/09/03/wavtokenizer-a-breakthrough-acoustic-codec-model-redefining-audio-compression/</a> <a href="#fnref:11" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:12">3GPP (2008-12-11) 3GPP TS 26.173 - AMR-WB speech Codec; version 8.0.0 Release 8, retrieved 2009-09-09 <a href="http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/Specs/archive/26_series/26.173/26173-800.zip" target="_blank">http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/Specs/archive/26_series/26.173/26173-800.zip</a> <a href="#fnref:12" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:13">Release of sbc-1.1, BlueZ Project, April 30, 2013 <a href="http://www.bluez.org/sbc-11/" target="_blank">http://www.bluez.org/sbc-11/</a> <a href="#fnref:13" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:14">PulseAudio 15 Released With Bluetooth Improvements, Better Hardware Support. Phoronix. July 28, 2021 <a href="https://www.phoronix.com/news/PulseAudio-15.0" target="_blank">https://www.phoronix.com/news/PulseAudio-15.0</a> <a href="#fnref:14" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:15">PipeWire: Bluetooth support status update. Collabora. April 29, 2022 <a href="https://www.collabora.com/news-and-blog/news-and-events/pipewire-bluetooth-support-status-update.html" target="_blank">https://www.collabora.com/news-and-blog/news-and-events/pipewire-bluetooth-support-status-update.html</a> <a href="#fnref:15" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:16">Integration of the aptX and aptX-HD codecs for A2DP source, Android Open Source Project, January 4, 2017 <a href="https://android.googlesource.com/platform/system/bt/+/3a3ec66a1bb7f5c99b17239021d6d184a3abd4ee%5E%21/" target="_blank">https://android.googlesource.com/platform/system/bt/+/3a3ec66a1bb7f5c99b17239021d6d184a3abd4ee%5E%21/</a> <a href="#fnref:16" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:17">Integration of the aptX and aptX-HD codecs for A2DP source, Android Open Source Project, January 4, 2017 <a href="https://android.googlesource.com/platform/system/bt/+/3a3ec66a1bb7f5c99b17239021d6d184a3abd4ee%5E%21/" target="_blank">https://android.googlesource.com/platform/system/bt/+/3a3ec66a1bb7f5c99b17239021d6d184a3abd4ee%5E%21/</a> <a href="#fnref:17" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:18">The contribution of LDAC encoder, Android Open Source Project, January 10, 2017 <a href="https://android.googlesource.com/platform/external/libldac/+/94704431a4da8fbf32cb7c2f964d7aeb140300b9" target="_blank">https://android.googlesource.com/platform/external/libldac/+/94704431a4da8fbf32cb7c2f964d7aeb140300b9</a> <a href="#fnref:18" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:19">"What is LHDC". hwa-audio. Retrieved 2019-04-30. <a href="https://www.hwa-lhdc.org/how-it-works" target="_blank">https://www.hwa-lhdc.org/how-it-works</a> <a href="#fnref:19" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:20">"What is LLAC™?". LHDC org.[dead link‍] <a href="https://www.lhdc-audio.org/copy-of-what-is-lhdc" target="_blank">https://www.lhdc-audio.org/copy-of-what-is-lhdc</a> <a href="#fnref:20" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:21">Speex Audio Codec, Version 1.2 Library of Congress <a href="http://www.digitalpreservation.gov/formats/fdd/fdd000259.shtml" target="_blank">http://www.digitalpreservation.gov/formats/fdd/fdd000259.shtml</a> <a href="#fnref:21" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:22">Finding voice codecs for free software. Linux.com. October 14, 2005 <a href="https://www.linux.com/news/finding-voice-codecs-free-software/" target="_blank">https://www.linux.com/news/finding-voice-codecs-free-software/</a> <a href="#fnref:22" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:23">Finding voice codecs for free software. Linux.com. October 14, 2005 <a href="https://www.linux.com/news/finding-voice-codecs-free-software/" target="_blank">https://www.linux.com/news/finding-voice-codecs-free-software/</a> <a href="#fnref:23" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:24">3GPP (2008-12-11) 3GPP TS 26.173 - AMR-WB speech Codec; version 8.0.0 Release 8, retrieved 2009-09-09 <a href="http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/Specs/archive/26_series/26.173/26173-800.zip" target="_blank">http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/Specs/archive/26_series/26.173/26173-800.zip</a> <a href="#fnref:24" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:25">Finding voice codecs for free software. Linux.com. October 14, 2005 <a href="https://www.linux.com/news/finding-voice-codecs-free-software/" target="_blank">https://www.linux.com/news/finding-voice-codecs-free-software/</a> <a href="#fnref:25" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:26">Finding voice codecs for free software. Linux.com. October 14, 2005 <a href="https://www.linux.com/news/finding-voice-codecs-free-software/" target="_blank">https://www.linux.com/news/finding-voice-codecs-free-software/</a> <a href="#fnref:26" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:27">Finding voice codecs for free software. Linux.com. October 14, 2005 <a href="https://www.linux.com/news/finding-voice-codecs-free-software/" target="_blank">https://www.linux.com/news/finding-voice-codecs-free-software/</a> <a href="#fnref:27" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:28">Finding voice codecs for free software. Linux.com. October 14, 2005 <a href="https://www.linux.com/news/finding-voice-codecs-free-software/" target="_blank">https://www.linux.com/news/finding-voice-codecs-free-software/</a> <a href="#fnref:28" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:29">SILK Speech Codec - draft-vos-silk-02 IETF <a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-vos-silk-02" target="_blank">https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-vos-silk-02</a> <a href="#fnref:29" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:30">Constrained-Energy Lapped Transform (CELT) Codec - draft-valin-celt-codec-02 IETF <a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-valin-celt-codec-02" target="_blank">https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-valin-celt-codec-02</a> <a href="#fnref:30" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:31">WhatsApp adds new features to the calling experience, including support for 32-person video calls. TechCrunch. June 13, 2024 <a href="https://techcrunch.com/2024/06/13/whatsapp-add-new-features-to-the-calling-experience-including-support-for-32-person-video-calls/" target="_blank">https://techcrunch.com/2024/06/13/whatsapp-add-new-features-to-the-calling-experience-including-support-for-32-person-video-calls/</a> <a href="#fnref:31" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:32">"DSP Group Unveils Total Telephony Solutions(TM) For Digital Cordless Telephony Applications". Archived from the original on August 23, 2016. Retrieved June 24, 2015. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160823021751/https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/dsp-group-unveils-total-telephony-solutionstm-for-digital-cordless-telephony-applications-73552597.html" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20160823021751/https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/dsp-group-unveils-total-telephony-solutionstm-for-digital-cordless-telephony-applications-73552597.html</a> <a href="#fnref:32" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:33">RadioShack Digital Recorder OWNER'S MANUAL p.38. RadioShack. 2002. <a href="#fnref:33" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:34">HyperHyde Operation Manual. p.40. I-O DATA. 2000. <a href="https://www.iodata.jp/lib/manual/pdf/45764_1_844_mdm-h2e_1.pdf" target="_blank">https://www.iodata.jp/lib/manual/pdf/45764_1_844_mdm-h2e_1.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:34" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:35">3GPP (2008-12-11) 3GPP TS 26.073 - AMR speech Codec; version 8.0.0 Release 8, retrieved 2009-09-08. <a href="http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/Specs/archive/26_series/26.073/26073-800.zip" target="_blank">http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/Specs/archive/26_series/26.073/26073-800.zip</a> <a href="#fnref:35" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:36">3GPP (2008-12-11) 3GPP TS 26.173 - AMR-WB speech Codec; version 8.0.0 Release 8, retrieved 2009-09-09 <a href="http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/Specs/archive/26_series/26.173/26173-800.zip" target="_blank">http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/Specs/archive/26_series/26.173/26173-800.zip</a> <a href="#fnref:36" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:37">3GPP (2008-12-18) 3GPP TS 26.273 - AMR-WB+ speech Codec; version 8.0.0 Release 8, retrieved 2009-09-09 <a href="http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/Specs/archive/26_series/26.273/26273-800.zip" target="_blank">http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/Specs/archive/26_series/26.273/26273-800.zip</a> <a href="#fnref:37" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:38">3GPP TS 26.443. Codec for Enhanced Voice Services (EVS); ANSI C code (floating-point). <a href="http://www.3gpp.org/DynaReport/26443.htm" target="_blank">http://www.3gpp.org/DynaReport/26443.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:38" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:39">INFORMATION COLLECTION SURVEY FOR THE MEGA MANILA SUBWAY PROJECT IN THE REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES Japan International Cooperation Agency September, 2015 <a href="http://open_jicareport.jica.go.jp/pdf/12244661_01.pdf" target="_blank">http://open_jicareport.jica.go.jp/pdf/12244661_01.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:39" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
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<li id="fn:41">Obranovich, Charles R.; Golusky, John M.; Preuss, Robert D.; Fabbri, Darren R.; Cruthirds, Daniel R.; Aylward, Erin M.; Freebersyser, James A.; Kolek, Stephen R. (2010). "300 BPS noise robust vocoder". 2010 - Milcom 2010 Military Communications Conference. pp. 298–303. doi:10.1109/MILCOM.2010.5680311. ISBN 978-1-4244-8178-1. S2CID 8991597. <a href="978-1-4244-8178-1" target="_blank">978-1-4244-8178-1</a> <a href="#fnref:41" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:42">Actimagine allège le multimédia sur les terminaux portables (in French), IT Industrie & Technologies, June 25, 2004 <a href="https://www.industrie-techno.com/actimagine-allege-le-multimedia-sur-les-terminaux-portables.3463" target="_blank">https://www.industrie-techno.com/actimagine-allege-le-multimedia-sur-les-terminaux-portables.3463</a> <a href="#fnref:42" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:43">AudioCompressionFormat, Unity Technologies <a href="https://docs.unity3d.com/ScriptReference/AudioCompressionFormat.html" target="_blank">https://docs.unity3d.com/ScriptReference/AudioCompressionFormat.html</a> <a href="#fnref:43" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:44">AudioCompressionFormat, Unity Technologies <a href="https://docs.unity3d.com/ScriptReference/AudioCompressionFormat.html" target="_blank">https://docs.unity3d.com/ScriptReference/AudioCompressionFormat.html</a> <a href="#fnref:44" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:45">AudioCompressionFormat, Unity Technologies <a href="https://docs.unity3d.com/ScriptReference/AudioCompressionFormat.html" target="_blank">https://docs.unity3d.com/ScriptReference/AudioCompressionFormat.html</a> <a href="#fnref:45" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:46">Audio Clip, Unity Technologies <a href="https://docs.unity3d.com/Manual/class-AudioClip.html" target="_blank">https://docs.unity3d.com/Manual/class-AudioClip.html</a> <a href="#fnref:46" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:47">AudioCompressionFormat, Unity Technologies <a href="https://docs.unity3d.com/ScriptReference/AudioCompressionFormat.html" target="_blank">https://docs.unity3d.com/ScriptReference/AudioCompressionFormat.html</a> <a href="#fnref:47" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:48">AudioCompressionFormat, Unity Technologies <a href="https://docs.unity3d.com/ScriptReference/AudioCompressionFormat.html" target="_blank">https://docs.unity3d.com/ScriptReference/AudioCompressionFormat.html</a> <a href="#fnref:48" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:49">Differences Between Windows and Xbox 360, Microsoft <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110115013527/https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ee415706%28v%3Dvs.85%29.aspx" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20110115013527/https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ee415706%28v%3Dvs.85%29.aspx</a> <a href="#fnref:49" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:50">【ひらブラ vol.37】音数を諦めず／音質を妥協せず／負荷を極小にする方法（iOS&Android） (in Japanese), Kadokawa Dwango, September 26, 2014 <a href="https://app.famitsu.com/20140926_446561/" target="_blank">https://app.famitsu.com/20140926_446561/</a> <a href="#fnref:50" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:51">FMOD Studio 1.06 and FMOD at GDC expo program announced, Gamasutra, February 17, 2015 <a href="https://www.gamasutra.com/view/pressreleases/236611/FMOD_Studio_106_and_FMOD_at_GDC_expo_programannounced.php" target="_blank">https://www.gamasutra.com/view/pressreleases/236611/FMOD_Studio_106_and_FMOD_at_GDC_expo_programannounced.php</a> <a href="#fnref:51" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:52">Faster professional 10-bit video conversions. Open Broadcast Systems <a href="https://www.obe.tv/faster-professional-10-bit-video-conversions/" target="_blank">https://www.obe.tv/faster-professional-10-bit-video-conversions/</a> <a href="#fnref:52" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:53">"Lossless". x265.readthedocs.io. <a href="https://x265.readthedocs.io/en/master/lossless.html" target="_blank">https://x265.readthedocs.io/en/master/lossless.html</a> <a href="#fnref:53" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:54">"HEVC Decoding". x265. <a href="https://x265.com/how-to-play-hevc-on-your-pc/hevc-decoding/" target="_blank">https://x265.com/how-to-play-hevc-on-your-pc/hevc-decoding/</a> <a href="#fnref:54" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:55">"FFmpeg Now Supports HEVC/H.265 Decoding". phoronix. <a href="https://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=news_item&px=MTQ4Njg/" target="_blank">https://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=news_item&px=MTQ4Njg/</a> <a href="#fnref:55" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:56">"Encode/H.265". FFmpeg. <a href="http://trac.ffmpeg.org/wiki/Encode/H.265" target="_blank">http://trac.ffmpeg.org/wiki/Encode/H.265</a> <a href="#fnref:56" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:57">Niedermayer, Michael; Rice, Dave; Martinez, Jérôme (August 2021). "rfc9043 - FFV1 Video Coding Format Version 0, 1, and 3". datatracker.ietf.org. <a href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc9043" target="_blank">https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc9043</a> <a href="#fnref:57" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:58">"Lossless Codec Libraries". multimedia.cx. <a href="http://wiki.multimedia.cx/index.php?title=ZLIB" target="_blank">http://wiki.multimedia.cx/index.php?title=ZLIB</a> <a href="#fnref:58" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:59">"FFmpeg: libavcodec/flashsv.c File Reference". ffmpeg.org. <a href="http://ffmpeg.org/doxygen/trunk/flashsv_8c.html" target="_blank">http://ffmpeg.org/doxygen/trunk/flashsv_8c.html</a> <a href="#fnref:59" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:60">"FRAPS show fps, record video game movies, screen capture software". www.fraps.com. <a href="https://www.fraps.com/faq.php" target="_blank">https://www.fraps.com/faq.php</a> <a href="#fnref:60" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:61">"Lagarith Lossless Video Codec". lags.leetcode.net. <a href="https://lags.leetcode.net/codec.html" target="_blank">https://lags.leetcode.net/codec.html</a> <a href="#fnref:61" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:62">"LOCO - MultimediaWiki". wiki.multimedia.cx. <a href="https://wiki.multimedia.cx/index.php?title=LOCO" target="_blank">https://wiki.multimedia.cx/index.php?title=LOCO</a> <a href="#fnref:62" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:63">"MagicYUV – Lossless video codec". <a href="https://www.magicyuv.com/" target="_blank">https://www.magicyuv.com/</a> <a href="#fnref:63" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:64">"ScreenPressor by Infognition - lossless video codec for screen capture". infognition.com. <a href="http://www.infognition.com/ScreenPressor/" target="_blank">http://www.infognition.com/ScreenPressor/</a> <a href="#fnref:64" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:65">"Downloads". TechSmith. <a href="http://www.techsmith.com/codecs.asp" target="_blank">http://www.techsmith.com/codecs.asp</a> <a href="#fnref:65" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:66">"#534 (Ut Video Support) – FFmpeg". ffmpeg.org. <a href="http://www.ffmpeg.org/trac/ffmpeg/ticket/534" target="_blank">http://www.ffmpeg.org/trac/ffmpeg/ticket/534</a> <a href="#fnref:66" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:67">"Ut Video Codec Suite - a new lossless video codec for Windows! [Archive] - Doom9's Forum". doom9.org. <a href="http://forum.doom9.org/archive/index.php/t-143624.html" target="_blank">http://forum.doom9.org/archive/index.php/t-143624.html</a> <a href="#fnref:67" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:68">"VBLE - MultimediaWiki". wiki.multimedia.cx. <a href="https://wiki.multimedia.cx/index.php?title=VBLE" target="_blank">https://wiki.multimedia.cx/index.php?title=VBLE</a> <a href="#fnref:68" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:69">"VMware Video". multimedia.cx. <a href="http://wiki.multimedia.cx/index.php?title=VMNC" target="_blank">http://wiki.multimedia.cx/index.php?title=VMNC</a> <a href="#fnref:69" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:70">"The WebM Project - VP8 Encode Parameter Guide". webmproject.org. <a href="http://www.webmproject.org/docs/encoder-parameters/#vp9-specific-options" target="_blank">http://www.webmproject.org/docs/encoder-parameters/#vp9-specific-options</a> <a href="#fnref:70" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:71">Medoff, Norman; Fink, Edward J. (September 10, 2012). Portable Video: ENG & EFP. CRC Press. p. 221. ISBN 9781136047701. <a href="9781136047701" target="_blank">9781136047701</a> <a href="#fnref:71" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:72">Samuelsson, J. and P. Hermansson (July 2, 2018). "The xvc video codec". datatracker.ietf.org. <a href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-samuelsson-netvc-xvc-01" target="_blank">https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-samuelsson-netvc-xvc-01</a> <a href="#fnref:72" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:73">Fuldseth, Arild; Bjontegaard, Gisle; Midtskogen, Steinar; Davies, Thomas; Zanaty, Mo (October 31, 2016). "Thor Video Codec". tools.ietf.org. <a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-fuldseth-netvc-thor-03" target="_blank">https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-fuldseth-netvc-thor-03</a> <a href="#fnref:73" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:74">"Live demonstration". Forbidden. <a href="http://www.forbidden.co.uk/demos/live/" target="_blank">http://www.forbidden.co.uk/demos/live/</a> <a href="#fnref:74" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:75">Indeo Video Codec, Version 3 Library of Congress <a href="http://www.digitalpreservation.gov/formats/fdd/fdd000065.shtml" target="_blank">http://www.digitalpreservation.gov/formats/fdd/fdd000065.shtml</a> <a href="#fnref:75" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:76">Indeo Video Codec, Version 5 Library of Congress <a href="http://www.digitalpreservation.gov/formats/fdd/fdd000085.shtml" target="_blank">http://www.digitalpreservation.gov/formats/fdd/fdd000085.shtml</a> <a href="#fnref:76" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:77">Sorenson Video Codec, Version 3 Library of Congress <a href="http://www.digitalpreservation.gov/formats/fdd/fdd000066.shtml" target="_blank">http://www.digitalpreservation.gov/formats/fdd/fdd000066.shtml</a> <a href="#fnref:77" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:78">What Is AI Video Compression?. MASV. January 5, 2023 <a href="https://massive.io/file-transfer/what-is-ai-video-compression/" target="_blank">https://massive.io/file-transfer/what-is-ai-video-compression/</a> <a href="#fnref:78" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:79">Streamers look to AI to crack the codec code. International Broadcasting Convention. 25 June 2024 <a href="https://www.ibc.org/features/streamers-look-to-ai-to-crack-the-codec-code/11060.article" target="_blank">https://www.ibc.org/features/streamers-look-to-ai-to-crack-the-codec-code/11060.article</a> <a href="#fnref:79" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:80">Intel Ignite Selects Startups for Spring ’23 Cohorts. Intel <a href="https://intelignite.com/intel-ignite-selects-startups-for-spring-23-cohorts/" target="_blank">https://intelignite.com/intel-ignite-selects-startups-for-spring-23-cohorts/</a> <a href="#fnref:80" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:81">Scalable Video Coding (SVC) Extension for WebRTC - 4. Operational model, World Wide Web Consortium, September 26, 2020 <a href="https://w3c.github.io/webrtc-svc/#operational-model" target="_blank">https://w3c.github.io/webrtc-svc/#operational-model</a> <a href="#fnref:81" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:82">Scalable Video Coding (SVC) Extension for WebRTC - 4. Operational model, World Wide Web Consortium, September 26, 2020 <a href="https://w3c.github.io/webrtc-svc/#operational-model" target="_blank">https://w3c.github.io/webrtc-svc/#operational-model</a> <a href="#fnref:82" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:83">Scalable Video Coding (SVC) Extension for WebRTC - 4. Operational model, World Wide Web Consortium, September 26, 2020 <a href="https://w3c.github.io/webrtc-svc/#operational-model" target="_blank">https://w3c.github.io/webrtc-svc/#operational-model</a> <a href="#fnref:83" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:84">"M-JPEG Codec". Montpellier, France: Morgan Multimedia. Retrieved April 28, 2018. <a href="http://www.morgan-multimedia.com/morgan/php/products.php?sProductId=4" target="_blank">http://www.morgan-multimedia.com/morgan/php/products.php?sProductId=4</a> <a href="#fnref:84" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:85">"M-JPEG2000 Codec". Montpellier, France: Morgan Multimedia. Retrieved April 28, 2018. <a href="http://morgan-multimedia.com/morgan/php/products.php?sProductId=5" target="_blank">http://morgan-multimedia.com/morgan/php/products.php?sProductId=5</a> <a href="#fnref:85" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:86">"dcpPlayer". Montpellier, France: Morgan Multimedia. Retrieved April 28, 2018. <a href="http://morgan-multimedia.com/products.php?sProductId=1" target="_blank">http://morgan-multimedia.com/products.php?sProductId=1</a> <a href="#fnref:86" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:87">"FastTICO-XS Codec". Mont-Saint-Guibert, Belgium: intoPIX. <a href="https://www.intopix.com/fasttico-xs-sdks" target="_blank">https://www.intopix.com/fasttico-xs-sdks</a> <a href="#fnref:87" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:88">FFmpeg-cvslog - mpeg4video: Add support for MPEG-4 Simple Studio Profile., FFmpeg Project, April 2, 2018 <a href="http://ffmpeg.org/pipermail/ffmpeg-cvslog/2018-April/113234.html" target="_blank">http://ffmpeg.org/pipermail/ffmpeg-cvslog/2018-April/113234.html</a> <a href="#fnref:88" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:89">FFmpeg Adds Support For Animated JPEG-XL, Phoronix, June 8, 2023 <a href="https://www.phoronix.com/news/FFmpeg-Animated-JPEG-XL" target="_blank">https://www.phoronix.com/news/FFmpeg-Animated-JPEG-XL</a> <a href="#fnref:89" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:90">NewTek Codec Notes NewTek <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170503095127/http://ftp.newtek.com/pub/download/Utilities/Notes/NewTek_Codec_Notes.htm" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20170503095127/http://ftp.newtek.com/pub/download/Utilities/Notes/NewTek_Codec_Notes.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:90" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:91">Achievement, Audio Video Coding Standard Workgroup of China <a href="http://www.avs.org.cn/english/achievement.asp" target="_blank">http://www.avs.org.cn/english/achievement.asp</a> <a href="#fnref:91" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:92">FFmpeg-cvslog - avcodec: add IMM4 decoder, FFmpeg Project, August 21, 2018 <a href="http://ffmpeg.org/pipermail/ffmpeg-cvslog/2018-August/114851.html" target="_blank">http://ffmpeg.org/pipermail/ffmpeg-cvslog/2018-August/114851.html</a> <a href="#fnref:92" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:93">FFmpeg-cvslog - avcodec: add IMM5 decoder, FFmpeg Project, August 29, 2019 <a href="http://ffmpeg.org/pipermail/ffmpeg-cvslog/2019-August/118783.html" target="_blank">http://ffmpeg.org/pipermail/ffmpeg-cvslog/2019-August/118783.html</a> <a href="#fnref:93" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:94">Cinepak Library of Congress <a href="http://www.digitalpreservation.gov/formats/fdd/fdd000064.shtml" target="_blank">http://www.digitalpreservation.gov/formats/fdd/fdd000064.shtml</a> <a href="#fnref:94" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:95">SunVideo Plus for PCI User's Guide - Audio Video Conferencing. Oracle <a href="https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E19125-01/video.plus13/805-2682-12/6j2iol6rn/index.html" target="_blank">https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E19125-01/video.plus13/805-2682-12/6j2iol6rn/index.html</a> <a href="#fnref:95" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:96">vic: Change History. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory <a href="https://ee.lbl.gov/vic/CHANGES.html" target="_blank">https://ee.lbl.gov/vic/CHANGES.html</a> <a href="#fnref:96" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:97">libredcode <a href="http://peter.schlaile.de/redcode/" target="_blank">http://peter.schlaile.de/redcode/</a> <a href="#fnref:97" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:98">Cintel Scanner p.35. Blackmagic Design. May, 2020. <a href="https://documents.blackmagicdesign.com/UserManuals/BlackmagicCintelManual.pdf" target="_blank">https://documents.blackmagicdesign.com/UserManuals/BlackmagicCintelManual.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:98" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:99">intoPIX Tico Raw is a format with a huge potential <a href="https://www.redsharknews.com/intopix-tico-raw-is-a-format-with-huge-potential" target="_blank">https://www.redsharknews.com/intopix-tico-raw-is-a-format-with-huge-potential</a> <a href="#fnref:99" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:100">intoPIX Tico Raw <a href="https://www.intopix.com/tico-raw" target="_blank">https://www.intopix.com/tico-raw</a> <a href="#fnref:100" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:101">独自コーデックを搭載したニンテンドーDS版Sofdec (in Japanese) CRI Middleware, May 11, 2006 <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110929213359/http://www.cri-mw.co.jp/product/column/2nt4hm0000001kot.html" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20110929213359/http://www.cri-mw.co.jp/product/column/2nt4hm0000001kot.html</a> <a href="#fnref:101" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:102">CRI・ミドルウェア、ゲーム開発者向けブログ「CRIチャンネル」を開設 (in Japanese) Impress Watch Corporation, April 19, 2007 <a href="http://game.watch.impress.co.jp/docs/20070419/cri.htm" target="_blank">http://game.watch.impress.co.jp/docs/20070419/cri.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:102" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
</ol>

List of codecs open-in-new

List of codecs