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AMD APU
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<h2 id="history">History</h2> <p>The AMD Fusion project started in 2006 with the aim of developing a <a href="/facts/System_on_chip/1RVvVe6N">system on a chip</a> that combined a CPU with a GPU on a single <a href="/facts/Die_(integrated_circuit)/XWvdlltE">die</a>. This effort was moved forward by AMD's acquisition of graphics chipset manufacturer <a href="/facts/ATI_Technologies/7hPl9Cqx">ATI</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:1" href="#fn:1"><sup>1</sup></a> in 2006. The project reportedly required three internal iterations of the Fusion concept to create a product deemed worthy of release.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:2" href="#fn:2"><sup>2</sup></a> Reasons contributing to the delay of the project include the technical difficulties of combining a CPU and GPU on the same die at a 45 nm process, and conflicting views on what the role of the CPU and GPU should be within the project.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:3" href="#fn:3"><sup>3</sup></a> </p><p>The first generation desktop and laptop APU, codenamed <i>Llano</i>, was announced on 4 January 2011 at the 2011 <a href="/facts/International_CES/JUmN49Fl">Consumer Electronics Show</a> in Las Vegas and released shortly thereafter.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:4" href="#fn:4"><sup>4</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:5" href="#fn:5"><sup>5</sup></a> It featured <a href="/facts/AMD_K10/2hQAazep">K10</a> CPU cores and a <a href="/facts/Radeon_HD_6000_series/oFFj55YU">Radeon HD 6000 series</a> GPU on the same die on the <a href="/facts/Socket_FM1/vrA6VVSD">FM1</a> socket. An APU for low-power devices was announced as the <i>Brazos</i> platform, based on the <a href="/facts/Bobcat_(microarchitecture)/EweFKE9J">Bobcat microarchitecture</a> and a Radeon HD 6000 series GPU on the same die.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:6" href="#fn:6"><sup>6</sup></a> </p><p>At a conference in January 2012, corporate fellow Phil Rogers announced that AMD would re-brand the Fusion platform as the <a href="/facts/Heterogeneous_System_Architecture/uwayMPnT">Heterogeneous System Architecture</a> (HSA), stating that "it's only fitting that the name of this evolving architecture and platform be representative of the entire, technical community that is leading the way in this very important area of technology and programming development."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:7" href="#fn:7"><sup>7</sup></a> However, it was later revealed that AMD had been the subject of a <a href="/facts/Trademark_infringement/G77TxQ0e">trademark infringement</a> lawsuit by the Swiss company <a href="/facts/Arctic_GmbH/8X6SHpxt">Arctic</a>, who used the name "Fusion" for a line of <a href="/facts/Power_supply/4A8zBRHn">power supply products</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:8" href="#fn:8"><sup>8</sup></a> </p><p>The second generation desktop and laptop APU, codenamed <i>Trinity</i>, was announced at AMD's 2010 Financial Analyst Day<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:9" href="#fn:9"><sup>9</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:10" href="#fn:10"><sup>10</sup></a> and released in October 2012.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:11" href="#fn:11"><sup>11</sup></a> It featured <a href="/facts/Piledriver_(microarchitecture)/Fhxly06H">Piledriver</a> CPU cores and <a href="/facts/Radeon_HD_7000_series/2jTX6dtY">Radeon HD 7000 series</a> GPU cores on the <a href="/facts/Socket_FM2/olCXfpAL">FM2</a> socket.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:12" href="#fn:12"><sup>12</sup></a> AMD released a new APU based on the Piledriver microarchitecture on 12 March 2013 for Laptops/Mobile and on 4 June 2013 for desktops under the codename <i>Richland</i>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:13" href="#fn:13"><sup>13</sup></a> The second generation APU for low-power devices, <i>Brazos 2.0</i>, used exactly the same APU chip, but ran at higher clock speed and <a href="/facts/Rebranding/WRoFW2eq">rebranded</a> the GPU as Radeon HD 7000 series and used a new I/O controller chip. </p><p>Semi-custom chips were introduced in the Microsoft Xbox One and <a href="/facts/PlayStation_4_technical_specifications/3nsu5RTY">Sony PlayStation 4</a> video game consoles,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:14" href="#fn:14"><sup>14</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:15" href="#fn:15"><sup>15</sup></a> and subsequently in the Microsoft <a href="/facts/Xbox_Series_X_and_Series_S/gkN9VjV2">Xbox Series X|S</a> and Sony <a href="/facts/PlayStation_5/vJ2ahUoK">PlayStation 5</a> consoles. </p><p>A third generation of the technology was released on 14 January 2014, featuring greater integration between CPU and GPU. The desktop and laptop variant is codenamed <i>Kaveri</i>, based on the <a href="/facts/Steamroller_(microarchitecture)/SxtLaauz">Steamroller architecture</a>, while the low-power variants, codenamed <i>Kabini</i> and <i>Temash</i>, are based on the <a href="/facts/Jaguar_(microarchitecture)/PkCbNj9a">Jaguar architecture</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:16" href="#fn:16"><sup>16</sup></a> </p><p>Since the introduction of <a href="/facts/AMD_Zen/AjBvqDT7">Zen</a>-based processors, AMD renamed their APUs as the Ryzen with Radeon Graphics and Athlon with Radeon Graphics, with desktop units assigned with G suffix on their model numbers (e.g. Ryzen 5 3400G & Athlon 3000G) to distinguish them from regular processors or with basic graphics and also to differentiate away from their former <a href="/facts/AMD_Bulldozer/fUPzoGrd">Bulldozer</a> era <i>A-series</i> APUs. The mobile counterparts were always paired with Radeon Graphics regardless of suffixes. </p><p>In November 2017, HP released the Envy x360, featuring the Ryzen 5 2500U APU, the first 4th generation APU, based on the Zen CPU architecture and the Vega graphics architecture.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:17" href="#fn:17"><sup>17</sup></a>[<i>relevant?</i>] </p> <h2 id="features">Features</h2> <h3> Heterogeneous System Architecture</h3> <p class="note">Main article: <a href="/facts/Heterogeneous_System_Architecture/uwayMPnT">Heterogeneous System Architecture</a></p> <p>AMD is a founding member of the <a href="/facts/HSA_Foundation/RLXNnJw5">Heterogeneous System Architecture (HSA) Foundation</a> and is consequently actively working on developing <a href="/facts/Heterogeneous_System_Architecture/uwayMPnT">HSA</a> in cooperation with other members. The following hardware and software implementations are available in AMD's APU-branded products: </p> <table><tbody><tr><th>Type</th><th>HSA feature</th><th>First implemented</th><th>Notes</th></tr><tr><td rowspan="3">Optimized Platform</td><td>GPU Compute C++ Support</td><td rowspan="3">2012<a href="/facts/AMD_Trinity/Fhxly06H">Trinity</a> APUs</td><td>Support <a href="/facts/OpenCL/ns8y6np7">OpenCL</a> <a href="/facts/C%2B%2B/Et0F2qn9">C++</a> directions and Microsoft's <a href="/facts/C%2B%2B_AMP/nJcwEMzp">C++ AMP</a> language extension. This eases programming of both CPU and GPU working together to process support parallel workloads.</td></tr><tr><td>HSA-aware <a href="/facts/Memory_management_unit/tJQtAQzI">MMU</a></td><td>GPU can access the entire system memory through the translation services and page fault management of the HSA MMU.</td></tr><tr><td>Shared Power Management</td><td>CPU and GPU now share the power budget. Priority goes to the processor most suited to the current tasks.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="3">Architectural Integration</td><td><a href="/facts/Heterogeneous_Memory_Management/uwayMPnT">Heterogeneous Memory Management</a>: the CPU's MMU and the GPU's <a href="/facts/IOMMU/lvVkzUyw">IOMMU</a> share the same address space.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:18" href="#fn:18"><sup>18</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:19" href="#fn:19"><sup>19</sup></a></td><td rowspan="3">2014<a href="/facts/PlayStation_4_technical_specifications/3nsu5RTY">PlayStation 4</a>,<a href="/facts/AMD_Kaveri/SxtLaauz">Kaveri</a> APUs</td><td>CPU and GPU now access the memory with the same address space. <a href="/facts/Pointer_(computer_programming)/fPoNzy9b">Pointers</a> can now be freely passed between CPU and GPU, hence enabling <a href="/facts/Zero-copy/cc13RBxU">zero-copy</a>.</td></tr><tr><td>Fully <a href="/facts/Memory_coherence/eJD9GntF">coherent</a> memory between CPU and GPU</td><td>GPU can now access and cache data from coherent memory regions in the system memory, and also reference the data from CPU's cache. Cache coherency is maintained.</td></tr><tr><td>GPU uses <a href="/facts/Paging/KR889x5k">pageable</a> system memory via CPU pointers</td><td>GPU can take advantage of the shared virtual memory between CPU and GPU, and pageable system memory can now be referenced directly by the GPU, instead of being copied or pinned before accessing.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="3">System Integration</td><td>GPU compute <a href="/facts/Context_switch/N0oJQ6CC">context switch</a></td><td rowspan="3">2015<a href="/facts/AMD_Carrizo/62q8zqca">Carrizo</a> APU</td><td>Compute tasks on GPU can be context switched, allowing a multi-tasking environment and also faster interpretation between applications, compute and graphics.</td></tr><tr><td>GPU graphics <a href="/facts/Preemption_(computing)/wjgIbWel">pre-emption</a></td><td>Long-running graphics tasks can be pre-empted so processes have low latency access to the GPU.</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Quality_of_service/joz9VkUm">Quality of service</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:20" href="#fn:20"><sup>20</sup></a></td><td>In addition to context switch and pre-emption, hardware resources can be either equalized or prioritized among multiple users and applications.</td></tr></tbody></table> <h3>Feature overview</h3> <p>The following table shows features of <a href="/facts/AMD/CB1G7QTb">AMD</a>'s processors with 3D graphics, including APUs (see also: <a href="/facts/List_of_AMD_processors_with_3D_graphics/62q8zqca">List of AMD processors with 3D graphics</a>). </p> [ <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Features_of_AMD_Processors_with_3D_Graphics&veaction=edit">VisualEditor</a> ] <ul><li>view</li><li>talk</li><li>edit</li></ul> <table><tbody><tr><th colspan="3">Platform</th><th colspan="14">High, standard and low power</th><th colspan="9">Low and ultra-low power</th></tr><tr><th rowspan="11">Codename</th><th rowspan="2">Server</th><th>Basic</th><th colspan="5"></th><th><a href="/facts/List_of_AMD_processors_with_3D_graphics/62q8zqca">Toronto</a></th><th colspan="8"></th><th colspan="9"></th></tr><tr><th>Micro</th><th colspan="14"></th><th></th><th><a href="/facts/List_of_AMD_processors_with_3D_graphics/62q8zqca">Kyoto</a></th><th colspan="7"></th></tr><tr><th rowspan="4">Desktop</th><th>Performance</th><th colspan="12"></th><th rowspan="2"><a href="/facts/List_of_AMD_processors_with_3D_graphics/62q8zqca">Raphael</a></th><th rowspan="3"><a href="/facts/List_of_AMD_processors_with_3D_graphics/62q8zqca">Phoenix</a></th><th colspan="9" rowspan="3"></th></tr><tr><th>Mainstream</th><th rowspan="2"><a href="/facts/List_of_AMD_processors_with_3D_graphics/62q8zqca">Llano</a></th><th rowspan="2"><a href="/facts/List_of_AMD_processors_with_3D_graphics/62q8zqca">Trinity</a></th><th rowspan="2"><a href="/facts/List_of_AMD_processors_with_3D_graphics/62q8zqca">Richland</a></th><th rowspan="2"><a href="/facts/List_of_AMD_processors_with_3D_graphics/62q8zqca">Kaveri</a></th><th rowspan="2"><a href="/facts/Steamroller_(microarchitecture)/SxtLaauz">Kaveri Refresh (Godavari)</a></th><th rowspan="2"><a href="/facts/List_of_AMD_processors_with_3D_graphics/62q8zqca">Carrizo</a></th><th rowspan="2"><a href="/facts/List_of_AMD_processors_with_3D_graphics/62q8zqca">Bristol Ridge</a></th><th rowspan="2"><a href="/facts/List_of_AMD_processors_with_3D_graphics/62q8zqca">Raven Ridge</a></th><th rowspan="2"><a href="/facts/List_of_AMD_processors_with_3D_graphics/62q8zqca">Picasso</a></th><th rowspan="2"><a href="/facts/List_of_AMD_processors_with_3D_graphics/62q8zqca">Renoir</a></th><th rowspan="2"><a href="/facts/List_of_AMD_processors_with_3D_graphics/62q8zqca">Cezanne</a></th><th></th></tr><tr><th>Entry</th><th colspan="2"></th></tr><tr><th>Basic</th><th colspan="14"></th><th></th><th><a href="/facts/List_of_AMD_processors_with_3D_graphics/62q8zqca">Kabini</a></th><th colspan="3"></th><th><a href="/facts/List_of_AMD_processors_with_3D_graphics/62q8zqca">Dalí</a></th><th colspan="3"></th></tr><tr><th rowspan="4">Mobile</th><th>Performance</th><th colspan="9"></th><th><a href="/facts/List_of_AMD_processors_with_3D_graphics/62q8zqca">Renoir</a></th><th><a href="/facts/List_of_AMD_processors_with_3D_graphics/62q8zqca">Cezanne</a></th><th rowspan="2"><a href="/facts/List_of_AMD_processors_with_3D_graphics/62q8zqca">Rembrandt</a></th><th rowspan="2"><a href="/facts/List_of_AMD_processors_with_3D_graphics/62q8zqca">Dragon Range</a></th><th></th><th rowspan="2" colspan="9"></th></tr><tr><th>Mainstream</th><th rowspan="2"><a href="/facts/List_of_AMD_processors_with_3D_graphics/62q8zqca">Llano</a></th><th rowspan="2"><a href="/facts/List_of_AMD_processors_with_3D_graphics/62q8zqca">Trinity</a></th><th rowspan="2"><a href="/facts/List_of_AMD_processors_with_3D_graphics/62q8zqca">Richland</a></th><th rowspan="2"><a href="/facts/List_of_AMD_processors_with_3D_graphics/62q8zqca">Kaveri</a></th><th rowspan="2"></th><th rowspan="2"><a href="/facts/List_of_AMD_processors_with_3D_graphics/62q8zqca">Carrizo</a></th><th rowspan="2"><a href="/facts/List_of_AMD_processors_with_3D_graphics/62q8zqca">Bristol Ridge</a></th><th rowspan="2"><a href="/facts/List_of_AMD_processors_with_3D_graphics/62q8zqca">Raven Ridge</a></th><th><a href="/facts/List_of_AMD_processors_with_3D_graphics/62q8zqca">Picasso</a></th><th><a href="/facts/List_of_AMD_processors_with_3D_graphics/62q8zqca">Renoir</a><a href="/facts/List_of_AMD_processors_with_3D_graphics/62q8zqca">Lucienne</a></th><th><a href="/facts/List_of_AMD_processors_with_3D_graphics/62q8zqca">Cezanne</a><a href="/facts/List_of_AMD_processors_with_3D_graphics/62q8zqca">Barceló</a></th><th><a href="/facts/List_of_AMD_processors_with_3D_graphics/62q8zqca">Phoenix</a></th></tr><tr><th>Entry</th><th colspan="6"></th><th colspan="5"></th><th rowspan="2"><a href="/facts/List_of_AMD_processors_with_3D_graphics/62q8zqca">Dalí</a></th><th colspan="2"></th><th rowspan="2"><a href="/facts/List_of_AMD_processors_with_3D_graphics/62q8zqca">Mendocino</a></th></tr><tr><th>Basic</th><th colspan="14"></th><th><a href="/facts/List_of_AMD_processors_with_3D_graphics/62q8zqca">Desna, Ontario, Zacate</a></th><th><a href="/facts/List_of_AMD_processors_with_3D_graphics/62q8zqca">Kabini, Temash</a></th><th><a href="/facts/List_of_AMD_processors_with_3D_graphics/62q8zqca">Beema, Mullins</a></th><th><a href="/facts/List_of_AMD_processors_with_3D_graphics/62q8zqca">Carrizo-L</a></th><th><a href="/facts/List_of_AMD_processors_with_3D_graphics/62q8zqca">Stoney Ridge</a></th><th><a href="/facts/List_of_AMD_processors_with_3D_graphics/62q8zqca">Pollock</a></th><th></th></tr><tr><th colspan="2">Embedded</th><th></th><th><a href="/facts/List_of_AMD_processors_with_3D_graphics/62q8zqca">Trinity</a></th><th></th><th><a href="/facts/List_of_AMD_processors_with_3D_graphics/62q8zqca">Bald Eagle</a></th><th></th><th><a href="/facts/List_of_AMD_processors_with_3D_graphics/62q8zqca">Merlin Falcon</a>,<a href="/facts/List_of_AMD_processors_with_3D_graphics/62q8zqca">Brown Falcon</a></th><th></th><th><a href="/facts/List_of_AMD_processors_with_3D_graphics/62q8zqca">Great Horned Owl</a></th><th></th><th><a href="/facts/List_of_AMD_processors_with_3D_graphics/62q8zqca">Grey Hawk</a></th><th colspan="4"></th><th><a href="/facts/List_of_AMD_processors_with_3D_graphics/62q8zqca">Ontario, Zacate</a></th><th><a href="/facts/List_of_AMD_processors_with_3D_graphics/62q8zqca">Kabini</a></th><th><a href="/facts/List_of_AMD_processors_with_3D_graphics/62q8zqca">Steppe Eagle</a>, <a href="/facts/List_of_AMD_processors_with_3D_graphics/62q8zqca">Crowned Eagle</a>, <a href="/facts/List_of_AMD_processors_with_3D_graphics/62q8zqca">LX-Family</a></th><th></th><th><a href="/facts/List_of_AMD_processors_with_3D_graphics/62q8zqca">Prairie Falcon</a></th><th><a href="/facts/List_of_AMD_processors_with_3D_graphics/62q8zqca">Banded Kestrel</a></th><th></th><th><a href="/facts/List_of_AMD_processors_with_3D_graphics/62q8zqca">River Hawk</a></th><th></th></tr><tr><td colspan="3">Released</td><td>Aug 2011</td><td>Oct 2012</td><td>Jun 2013</td><td>Jan 2014</td><td>2015</td><td>Jun 2015</td><td>Jun 2016</td><td>Oct 2017</td><td>Jan 2019</td><td>Mar 2020</td><td>Jan 2021</td><td>Jan 2022</td><td>Sep 2022</td><td>Jan 2023</td><td>Jan 2011</td><td>May 2013</td><td>Apr 2014</td><td>May 2015</td><td>Feb 2016</td><td>Apr 2019</td><td>Jul 2020</td><td>Jun 2022</td><td>Nov 2022</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3">CPU <a href="/facts/Microarchitecture/NFRd4NUL">microarchitecture</a></td><td><a href="/facts/AMD_10h/2hQAazep">K10</a></td><td colspan="2"><a href="/facts/Piledriver_(microarchitecture)/Fhxly06H">Piledriver</a></td><td colspan="2"><a href="/facts/Steamroller_(microarchitecture)/SxtLaauz">Steamroller</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Excavator_(microarchitecture)/Bzj9WKGV">Excavator</a></td><td>"<a href="/facts/Excavator_(microarchitecture)/Bzj9WKGV">Excavator+</a>"<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:21" href="#fn:21"><sup>21</sup></a></td><td><a href="/facts/Zen_(first_generation)/oChXIp3y">Zen</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Zen%2B/1bJfQtRR">Zen+</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Zen_2/pdL7I80c">Zen 2</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Zen_3/szGTAfyB">Zen 3</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Zen_3%2B/szGTAfyB">Zen 3+</a></td><td colspan="2"><a href="/facts/Zen_4/UJXLYNuq">Zen 4</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Bobcat_(microarchitecture)/EweFKE9J">Bobcat</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Jaguar_(microarchitecture)/PkCbNj9a">Jaguar</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Puma_(microarchitecture)/ujJ1MBg1">Puma</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Puma_(microarchitecture)/ujJ1MBg1">Puma+</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:22" href="#fn:22"><sup>22</sup></a></td><td>"<a href="/facts/Excavator_(microarchitecture)/Bzj9WKGV">Excavator+</a>"</td><td colspan="2"><a href="/facts/Zen_(first_generation)/oChXIp3y">Zen</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Zen%2B/1bJfQtRR">Zen+</a></td><td>"<a href="/facts/Zen_2/pdL7I80c">Zen 2+</a>"</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"><a href="/facts/Instruction_set_architecture/8p8vwUeE">ISA</a></td><td><a href="/facts/X86-64/cyWvUFlP">x86-64</a> v1</td><td colspan="4"><a href="/facts/X86-64/cyWvUFlP">x86-64</a> v2</td><td colspan="7"><a href="/facts/X86-64/cyWvUFlP">x86-64</a> v3</td><td colspan="2"><a href="/facts/X86-64/cyWvUFlP">x86-64</a> v4</td><td><a href="/facts/X86-64/cyWvUFlP">x86-64</a> v1</td><td colspan="3"><a href="/facts/X86-64/cyWvUFlP">x86-64</a> v2</td><td colspan="5"><a href="/facts/X86-64/cyWvUFlP">x86-64</a> v3</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="5">Socket</td><td rowspan="4">Desktop</td><td>Performance</td><td colspan="12">—</td><td rowspan="2"><a href="/facts/Socket_AM5/x4zuI5Ck">AM5</a></td><td>—</td><td rowspan="3" colspan="9">—</td></tr><tr><td>Mainstream</td><td colspan="5">—</td><td colspan="6"><a href="/facts/Socket_AM4/MuNKCgeF">AM4</a></td><td>—</td><th>—</th></tr><tr><td>Entry</td><td><a href="/facts/Socket_FM1/vrA6VVSD">FM1</a></td><td colspan="2"><a href="/facts/Socket_FM2/olCXfpAL">FM2</a></td><td colspan="2"><a href="/facts/Socket_FM2%2B/GQlcTMJW">FM2+</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Socket_FM2%2B/GQlcTMJW">FM2+</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:23" href="#fn:23"><sup>23</sup></a>, <a href="/facts/Socket_AM4/MuNKCgeF">AM4</a></td><td colspan="5"><a href="/facts/Socket_AM4/MuNKCgeF">AM4</a></td><td colspan="3">—</td></tr><tr><td>Basic</td><td colspan="14">—</td><td>—</td><td><a href="/facts/Socket_AM1/43Q9guVD">AM1</a></td><td colspan="3">—</td><td>FP5</td><td colspan="3">—</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2">Other</td><td><a href="/facts/Socket_FS1/GGxHBYCC">FS1</a></td><td colspan="2"><a href="/facts/Socket_FS1r2/GGxHBYCC">FS1+</a>, <a href="/facts/Socket_FP2/c8WeE1u8">FP2</a></td><td colspan="2"><a href="/facts/Socket_FP3/7vDcpQfR">FP3</a></td><td colspan="2">FP4</td><td colspan="2">FP5</td><td colspan="2">FP6</td><td>FP7</td><td>FL1</td><td>FP7 FP7r2 FP8</td><td><a href="/facts/Socket_FT1/IuvuQVPW">FT1</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Socket_FT3/PC1tK41m">FT3</a></td><td colspan="2"><a href="/facts/Socket_FT3b/PC1tK41m">FT3b</a></td><td>FP4</td><td>FP5</td><td>FT5</td><td>FP5</td><td>FT6</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"><a href="/facts/PCI_Express/ADhsLCUK">PCI Express</a> version</td><td colspan="3">2.0</td><td colspan="8">3.0</td><td>4.0</td><td>5.0</td><td>4.0</td><td colspan="4">2.0</td><td colspan="5">3.0</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"><a href="/facts/Compute_Express_Link/YSJGcCMx">CXL</a></td><td colspan="14">—</td><td colspan="9">—</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"><a href="/facts/Semiconductor_device_fabrication/Jd23Mu1z">Fab.</a> (<a href="/facts/Nanometre/a98sjHyu">nm</a>)</td><td colspan="3"><a href="/facts/GlobalFoundries/lFTS5fbT">GF</a> <a href="/facts/32_nm_process/CsdohJVh">32SHP</a>(<a href="/facts/HKMG/4E8qtXmp">HKMG</a> <a href="/facts/Silicon_on_insulator/fxSkXYmw">SOI</a>)</td><td colspan="4">GF <a href="/facts/32_nm_process/CsdohJVh">28SHP</a>(HKMG bulk)</td><td>GF <a href="/facts/14_nm_process/lQYsD92n">14LPP</a>(<a href="/facts/FinFET/xox63kP7">FinFET</a> bulk)</td><td>GF <a href="/facts/14_nm_process/lQYsD92n">12LP</a>(FinFET bulk)</td><td colspan="2"><a href="/facts/TSMC/B4BdojRk">TSMC</a> <a href="/facts/7_nm_process/7UatqvR9">N7</a>(FinFET bulk)</td><td>TSMC <a href="/facts/7_nm_process/7UatqvR9">N6</a> (FinFET bulk)</td><td>CCD: TSMC <a href="/facts/5_nm_process/5NndITJ3">N5</a> (FinFET bulk)cIOD: TSMC <a href="/facts/7_nm_process/7UatqvR9">N6</a>(FinFET bulk)</td><td>TSMC <a href="/facts/5_nm_process/5NndITJ3">4nm</a> (FinFET bulk)</td><td>TSMC <a href="/facts/45_nm_process/hlbmxAme">N40</a>(bulk)</td><td>TSMC <a href="/facts/32_nm_process/CsdohJVh">N28</a>(HKMG bulk)</td><td colspan="3">GF 28SHP(HKMG bulk)</td><td colspan="2">GF <a href="/facts/14_nm_process/lQYsD92n">14LPP</a>(<a href="/facts/FinFET/xox63kP7">FinFET</a> bulk)</td><td>GF <a href="/facts/14_nm_process/lQYsD92n">12LP</a>(FinFET bulk)</td><td>TSMC <a href="/facts/7_nm_process/7UatqvR9">N6</a> (FinFET bulk)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"><a href="/facts/Die_(integrated_circuit)/XWvdlltE">Die</a> area (mm2)</td><td>228</td><td colspan="2">246</td><td colspan="2">245</td><td>245</td><td>250</td><td colspan="2">210<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:24" href="#fn:24"><sup>24</sup></a></td><td>156</td><td>180</td><td>210</td><td>CCD: (2x) 70cIOD: 122</td><td>178</td><td>75 (+ 28 <a href="/facts/List_of_AMD_chipsets/AesBnfxQ">FCH</a>)</td><td colspan="2">107</td><td>?</td><td>125</td><td>149</td><td></td><td></td><td>~100</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3">Min <a href="/facts/Thermal_Design_Power/Idcy26tM">TDP</a> (W)</td><td>35</td><td colspan="4">17</td><td colspan="4">12</td><td colspan="2">10</td><td>15</td><td>65</td><td>35</td><td>4.5</td><td>4</td><td>3.95</td><td>10</td><td colspan="3">6</td><td>12</td><td>8</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3">Max APU <a href="/facts/Thermal_Design_Power/Idcy26tM">TDP</a> (W)</td><td colspan="3">100</td><td colspan="2">95</td><td colspan="6">65</td><td>45</td><td>170</td><td>54</td><td>18</td><td colspan="5">25</td><td>6</td><td>54</td><td>15</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3">Max stock APU base clock (GHz)</td><td>3</td><td>3.8</td><td>4.1</td><td colspan="2">4.1</td><td>3.7</td><td>3.8</td><td>3.6</td><td>3.7</td><td>3.8</td><td>4.0</td><td>3.3</td><td>4.7</td><td>4.3</td><td>1.75</td><td>2.2</td><td>2</td><td>2.2</td><td>3.2</td><td>2.6</td><td>1.2</td><td>3.35</td><td>2.8</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3">Max APUs per node<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:25" href="#fn:25"><sup>25</sup></a></td><td colspan="14">1</td><td colspan="9">1</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3">Max core dies per CPU</td><td colspan="12">1</td><td>2</td><td>1</td><td colspan="9">1</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3">Max CCX per core die</td><td colspan="9">1</td><td>2</td><td colspan="4">1</td><td colspan="9">1</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3">Max cores per CCX</td><td colspan="10">4</td><td colspan="4">8</td><td>2</td><td colspan="3">4</td><td colspan="3">2</td><td colspan="2">4</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3">Max <a href="/facts/Central_processing_unit/Jxp1bqMV">CPU</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:26" href="#fn:26"><sup>26</sup></a> <a href="/facts/Multi-core_processor/ABNb65hQ">cores</a> per APU</td><td colspan="9">4</td><td colspan="3">8</td><td>16</td><td>8</td><td>2</td><td colspan="3">4</td><td colspan="3">2</td><td colspan="2">4</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3">Max <a href="/facts/Thread_(computing)/hh8WHyPd">threads</a> per CPU core</td><td colspan="7">1</td><td colspan="7">2</td><td colspan="5">1</td><td colspan="4">2</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3">Integer pipeline structure</td><td>3+3</td><td colspan="6">2+2</td><td colspan="2">4+2</td><td>4+2+1</td><td colspan="4">1+3+3+1+2</td><td colspan="4">1+1+1+1</td><td>2+2</td><td colspan="3">4+2</td><td>4+2+1</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3">i386, i486, i586, CMOV, NOPL, i686, <a href="/facts/Physical_Address_Extension/aEr4tj4x">PAE</a>, <a href="/facts/NX_bit/MnBB93BK">NX bit</a>, CMPXCHG16B, <a href="/facts/AMD-V/utQwmdY3">AMD-V</a>, <a href="/facts/Second_Level_Address_Translation/WY0j2dRv">RVI</a>, <a href="/facts/Bit_Manipulation_Instruction_Sets/LJAm1LWC">ABM</a>, and 64-bit LAHF/SAHF</td><td colspan="14"></td><td colspan="9"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"><a href="/facts/IOMMU/lvVkzUyw">IOMMU</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:27" href="#fn:27"><sup>27</sup></a></td><td rowspan="2">—</td><td colspan="13">v2</td><td colspan="2">v1</td><td colspan="7">v2</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"><a href="/facts/Bit_Manipulation_Instruction_Sets/LJAm1LWC">BMI1</a>, <a href="/facts/AES_instruction_set/NomFEB4w">AES-NI</a>, <a href="/facts/CLMUL/UzzxBF65">CLMUL</a>, and <a href="/facts/F16C/v6G70oa7">F16C</a></td><td colspan="13"></td><td rowspan="2">—</td><td colspan="9" rowspan="2"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3">MOVBE</td><td colspan="5" rowspan="2">—</td><td rowspan="2" colspan="9"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"><a href="/facts/X86_virtualization/utQwmdY3">AVIC</a>, <a href="/facts/Bit_Manipulation_Instruction_Sets/LJAm1LWC">BMI2</a>, <a href="/facts/RDRAND/IdeN4y36">RDRAND</a>, and MWAITX/MONITORX</td><td colspan="4">—</td><td colspan="5"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3">SME<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:28" href="#fn:28"><sup>28</sup></a>, TSME<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:29" href="#fn:29"><sup>29</sup></a>, <a href="/facts/Intel_ADX/7I3KDzYA">ADX</a>, <a href="/facts/Intel_SHA_extensions/qDzy2N70">SHA</a>, <a href="/facts/RDSEED/IdeN4y36">RDSEED</a>, <a href="/facts/Supervisor_Mode_Access_Prevention/H8RSCNy2">SMAP</a>, <a href="/facts/Control_register/9VGRHh3f">SMEP</a>, XSAVEC, XSAVES, XRSTORS, CLFLUSHOPT, CLZERO, and PTE Coalescing</td><td colspan="7">—</td><td colspan="7"></td><td colspan="5">—</td><td colspan="4"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"><a href="/facts/Second_Level_Address_Translation/WY0j2dRv">GMET</a>, WBNOINVD, CLWB, QOS, PQE-BW, RDPID, RDPRU, and MCOMMIT</td><td colspan="9">—</td><td colspan="5"></td><td colspan="8">—</td><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"><a href="/facts/Memory_protection/3zDwN2SG">MPK</a>, VAES</td><td colspan="10">—</td><td colspan="4"></td><td colspan="9">—</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"><a href="/facts/Software_Guard_Extensions/HcgbyB5P">SGX</a></td><td colspan="14">—</td><td colspan="9">—</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"><a href="/facts/Floating-point_unit/XWTW2AbF">FPUs</a> per <a href="/facts/Multi-core_processor/ABNb65hQ">core</a></td><td>1</td><td colspan="6">0.5</td><td colspan="7">1</td><td colspan="4">1</td><td>0.5</td><td colspan="4">1</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3">Pipes per FPU</td><td colspan="14">2</td><td colspan="9">2</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3">FPU pipe width</td><td colspan="9">128-bit</td><td colspan="5">256-bit</td><td>80-bit</td><td colspan="7">128-bit</td><td>256-bit</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3">CPU <a href="/facts/Instruction_set/8p8vwUeE">instruction set</a> <a href="/facts/Single_instruction,_multiple_data/gQHWQSpo">SIMD</a> level</td><td><a href="/facts/SSE4a/Tnxrl7Ph">SSE4a</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:30" href="#fn:30"><sup>30</sup></a></td><td colspan="4"><a href="/facts/Advanced_Vector_Extensions/znDpc6Vt">AVX</a></td><td colspan="7"><a href="/facts/Advanced_Vector_Extensions/znDpc6Vt">AVX2</a></td><td colspan="2"><a href="/facts/AVX-512/2KpGqI8t">AVX-512</a></td><td><a href="/facts/SSSE3/xlRTcz4I">SSSE3</a></td><td colspan="3"><a href="/facts/Advanced_Vector_Extensions/znDpc6Vt">AVX</a></td><td colspan="5"><a href="/facts/Advanced_Vector_Extensions/znDpc6Vt">AVX2</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"><a href="/facts/3DNow!/QYJL2HBt">3DNow!</a></td><td><a href="/facts/3DNow!/QYJL2HBt">3DNow!+</a></td><td colspan="13">—</td><td colspan="9">—</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"><a href="/facts/PREFETCHW/QYJL2HBt">PREFETCH/PREFETCHW</a></td><td colspan="14"></td><td colspan="9"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3">GFNI</td><td colspan="12">—</td><td colspan="2"></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="9">—</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"><a href="/facts/Advanced_Matrix_Extensions/qkDBQbBE">AMX</a></td><td colspan="14">—</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"><a href="/facts/FMA4/mqglSHqk">FMA4</a>, LWP, <a href="/facts/Bit_Manipulation_Instruction_Sets/LJAm1LWC">TBM</a>, and <a href="/facts/XOP_instruction_set/Xey2cAGM">XOP</a></td><td rowspan="2">—</td><td colspan="6"></td><td colspan="7">—</td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4">—</td><td></td><td colspan="4">—</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"><a href="/facts/FMA3/mqglSHqk">FMA3</a></td><td colspan="13"></td><td colspan="5"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"><a href="/facts/AMD_XDNA/Yafyvy2F">AMD XDNA</a></td><td colspan="13">—</td><td></td><td colspan="9">—</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"><a href="/facts/L1_cache/x8BYFcdv">L1</a> data cache per core (KiB)</td><td>64</td><td colspan="4">16</td><td colspan="9">32</td><td colspan="9">32</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3">L1 data cache <a href="/facts/Cache_placement_policies/MuBjrreM">associativity</a> (ways)</td><td>2</td><td colspan="4">4</td><td colspan="9">8</td><td colspan="9">8</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3">L1 instruction caches per <a href="/facts/Multi-core_processor/ABNb65hQ">core</a></td><td>1</td><td colspan="6">0.5</td><td colspan="7">1</td><td colspan="4">1</td><td>0.5</td><td colspan="4">1</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3">Max APU total L1 instruction cache (KiB)</td><td>256</td><td colspan="2">128</td><td colspan="4">192</td><td colspan="5">256</td><td>512</td><td>256</td><td colspan="2">64</td><td colspan="2">128</td><td>96</td><td colspan="4">128</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3">L1 instruction cache <a href="/facts/Cache_placement_policies/MuBjrreM">associativity</a> (ways)</td><td colspan="3">2</td><td colspan="4">3</td><td colspan="2">4</td><td colspan="5">8</td><td colspan="4">2</td><td>3</td><td colspan="3">4</td><td>8</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"><a href="/facts/L2_cache/x8BYFcdv">L2 caches</a> per <a href="/facts/Multi-core_processor/ABNb65hQ">core</a></td><td>1</td><td colspan="6">0.5</td><td colspan="7">1</td><td colspan="4">1</td><td>0.5</td><td colspan="4">1</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3">Max APU total L2 cache (MiB)</td><td colspan="5">4</td><td colspan="4">2</td><td colspan="3">4</td><td>16</td><td></td><td>1</td><td colspan="3">2</td><td colspan="3">1</td><td colspan="2">2</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3">L2 cache <a href="/facts/Cache_placement_policies/MuBjrreM">associativity</a> (ways)</td><td colspan="7">16</td><td colspan="7">8</td><td colspan="5">16</td><td colspan="4">8</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3">Max on-die <a href="/facts/L3_cache/x8BYFcdv">L3 cache</a> per CCX (MiB)</td><td colspan="7" rowspan="8">—</td><td colspan="3">4</td><td colspan="2">16</td><td>32</td><td></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="8">—</td><td colspan="4">4</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3">Max 3D V-Cache per CCD (MiB)</td><td colspan="5">—</td><td>64</td><td>—</td><td colspan="4">—</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3">Max total in-CCD <a href="/facts/L3_cache/x8BYFcdv">L3 cache</a> per APU (MiB)</td><td colspan="2">4</td><td>8</td><td colspan="2">16</td><td>64</td><td></td><td colspan="4">4</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3">Max. total 3D V-Cache per APU (MiB)</td><td colspan="5">—</td><td>64</td><td>—</td><td colspan="4">—</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3">Max. board <a href="/facts/L3_cache/x8BYFcdv">L3 cache</a> per APU (MiB)</td><td colspan="7">—</td><td colspan="4">—</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3">Max total <a href="/facts/L3_cache/x8BYFcdv">L3 cache</a> per APU (MiB)</td><td colspan="2">4</td><td>8</td><td colspan="2">16</td><td>128</td><td></td><td colspan="4">4</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3">APU L3 cache <a href="/facts/Cache_placement_policies/MuBjrreM">associativity</a> (ways)</td><td colspan="7">16</td><td colspan="4">16</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3">L3 cache scheme</td><td colspan="7"><a href="/facts/Victim_cache/7efuQ3PY">Victim</a></td><td colspan="4"><a href="/facts/Victim_cache/7efuQ3PY">Victim</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3">Max. <a href="/facts/L4_cache/x8BYFcdv">L4 cache</a></td><td colspan="14">—</td><td colspan="9">—</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3">Max stock <a href="/facts/Dynamic_random-access_memory/koI9FGo5">DRAM</a> support</td><td colspan="2"><a href="/facts/DDR3_SDRAM/1R1CTNv3">DDR3</a>-1866</td><td colspan="3">DDR3-2133</td><td>DDR3-2133, <a href="/facts/DDR4_SDRAM/70r37baX">DDR4</a>-2400</td><td>DDR4-2400</td><td colspan="2">DDR4-2933</td><td colspan="2">DDR4-3200, <a href="/facts/LPDDR/2XdLrg47">LPDDR4</a>-4266</td><td><a href="/facts/DDR5_SDRAM/N3XSGE40">DDR5</a>-4800, <a href="/facts/LPDDR/2XdLrg47">LPDDR5</a>-6400</td><td><a href="/facts/DDR5_SDRAM/N3XSGE40">DDR5</a>-5200</td><td><a href="/facts/DDR5_SDRAM/N3XSGE40">DDR5</a>-5600, <a href="/facts/LPDDR/2XdLrg47">LPDDR5x</a>-7500</td><td><a href="/facts/DDR3L/1R1CTNv3">DDR3L</a>-1333</td><td>DDR3L-1600</td><td colspan="2">DDR3L-1866</td><td>DDR3-1866, <a href="/facts/DDR4_SDRAM/70r37baX">DDR4</a>-2400</td><td>DDR4-2400</td><td>DDR4-1600</td><td>DDR4-3200</td><td>LPDDR5-5500</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3">Max <a href="/facts/Dynamic_random-access_memory/koI9FGo5">DRAM</a> channels per APU</td><td colspan="14">2</td><td colspan="5">1</td><td>2</td><td>1</td><td colspan="2">2</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3">Max stock <a href="/facts/Dynamic_random-access_memory/koI9FGo5">DRAM</a> <a href="/facts/Bandwidth_(computing)/lY6Tb4gX">bandwidth</a> (GB/s) per APU</td><td colspan="2">29.866</td><td colspan="3">34.132</td><td colspan="2">38.400</td><td colspan="2">46.932</td><td colspan="2">68.256</td><td>102.400</td><td>83.200</td><td>120.000</td><td>10.666</td><td>12.800</td><td colspan="2">14.933</td><td>19.200</td><td>38.400</td><td>12.800</td><td>51.200</td><td>88.000</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3">GPU <a href="/facts/Microarchitecture/NFRd4NUL">microarchitecture</a></td><td><a href="/facts/TeraScale_(microarchitecture)/Yt6jwq9b">TeraScale 2 (VLIW5)</a></td><td colspan="2"><a href="/facts/TeraScale_(microarchitecture)/Yt6jwq9b">TeraScale 3 (VLIW4)</a></td><td colspan="2"><a href="/facts/Graphics_Core_Next/WYNvhDUP">GCN 2nd gen</a></td><td colspan="2"><a href="/facts/Graphics_Core_Next/WYNvhDUP">GCN 3rd gen</a></td><td colspan="4"><a href="/facts/Graphics_Core_Next/WYNvhDUP">GCN 5th gen</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:31" href="#fn:31"><sup>31</sup></a></td><td colspan="2"><a href="/facts/RDNA_2/tplgu8A1">RDNA 2</a></td><td><a href="/facts/RDNA_3/tCrEHPQu">RDNA 3</a></td><td><a href="/facts/TeraScale_(microarchitecture)/Yt6jwq9b">TeraScale 2 (VLIW5)</a></td><td colspan="3"><a href="/facts/Graphics_Core_Next/WYNvhDUP">GCN 2nd gen</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Graphics_Core_Next/WYNvhDUP">GCN 3rd gen</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:32" href="#fn:32"><sup>32</sup></a></td><td colspan="3"><a href="/facts/Graphics_Core_Next/WYNvhDUP">GCN 5th gen</a></td><td><a href="/facts/RDNA_2/tplgu8A1">RDNA 2</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3">GPU <a href="/facts/Instruction_set/8p8vwUeE">instruction set</a></td><td colspan="3"><a href="/facts/TeraScale_(microarchitecture)/Yt6jwq9b">TeraScale</a> instruction set</td><td colspan="8"><a href="/facts/Graphics_Core_Next/WYNvhDUP">GCN instruction set</a></td><td colspan="3"><a href="/facts/RDNA_(microarchitecture)/tplgu8A1">RDNA instruction set</a></td><td><a href="/facts/TeraScale_(microarchitecture)/Yt6jwq9b">TeraScale</a> instruction set</td><td colspan="7"><a href="/facts/Graphics_Core_Next/WYNvhDUP">GCN instruction set</a></td><td><a href="/facts/RDNA_(microarchitecture)/tplgu8A1">RDNA instruction set</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3">Max stock GPU base clock (MHz)</td><td>600</td><td>800</td><td>844</td><td colspan="2">866</td><td colspan="2">1108</td><td>1250</td><td>1400</td><td colspan="2">2100</td><td>2400</td><td>400</td><td></td><td>538</td><td>600</td><td>?</td><td>847</td><td>900</td><td>1200</td><td>600</td><td>1300</td><td>1900</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3">Max stock GPU base <a href="/facts/GFLOPS/6zYlH68F">GFLOPS</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:33" href="#fn:33"><sup>33</sup></a></td><td>480</td><td>614.4</td><td>648.1</td><td colspan="2">886.7</td><td colspan="2">1134.5</td><td>1760</td><td>1971.2</td><td colspan="2">2150.4</td><td>3686.4</td><td>102.4</td><td></td><td>86</td><td>?</td><td>?</td><td>?</td><td>345.6</td><td>460.8</td><td>230.4</td><td>1331.2</td><td>486.4</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="2" colspan="3">3D engine<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:34" href="#fn:34"><sup>34</sup></a></td><td>Up to 400:20:8</td><td colspan="2">Up to 384:24:6</td><td colspan="4">Up to 512:32:8</td><td colspan="2">Up to 704:44:16<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:35" href="#fn:35"><sup>35</sup></a></td><td colspan="2">Up to 512:32:8</td><td>768:48:8</td><td>128:8:4</td><td></td><td>80:8:4</td><td colspan="3">128:8:4</td><td>Up to 192:12:8</td><td>Up to 192:12:4</td><td>192:12:4</td><td>Up to 512:?:?</td><td>128:?:?</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3">IOMMUv1</td><td colspan="11"><a href="/facts/Heterogeneous_Memory_Management/uwayMPnT">IOMMUv2</a></td><td colspan="2">IOMMUv1</td><td colspan="2">?</td><td colspan="5">IOMMUv2</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3">Video decoder</td><td colspan="3"><a href="/facts/Unified_Video_Decoder/aQrrwg54">UVD 3.0</a></td><td colspan="2"><a href="/facts/Unified_Video_Decoder/aQrrwg54">UVD 4.2</a></td><td colspan="2"><a href="/facts/Unified_Video_Decoder/aQrrwg54">UVD 6.0</a></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><a href="/facts/Video_Core_Next/I0GL8eMR">VCN</a> 1.0<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:36" href="#fn:36"><sup>36</sup></a></td><td rowspan="2">VCN 2.1<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:37" href="#fn:37"><sup>37</sup></a></td><td rowspan="2">VCN 2.2<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:38" href="#fn:38"><sup>38</sup></a></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2">VCN 3.1</td><td rowspan="2">?</td><td><a href="/facts/Unified_Video_Decoder/aQrrwg54">UVD 3.0</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Unified_Video_Decoder/aQrrwg54">UVD 4.0</a></td><td colspan="2"><a href="/facts/Unified_Video_Decoder/aQrrwg54">UVD 4.2</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Unified_Video_Decoder/aQrrwg54">UVD 6.2</a></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="3"><a href="/facts/Video_Core_Next/I0GL8eMR">VCN 1.0</a></td><td rowspan="2">VCN 3.1</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3">Video encoder</td><td>—</td><td colspan="2"><a href="/facts/Video_Coding_Engine/4L5MLb6K">VCE 1.0</a></td><td colspan="2"><a href="/facts/Video_Coding_Engine/4L5MLb6K">VCE 2.0</a></td><td colspan="2"><a href="/facts/Video_Coding_Engine/4L5MLb6K">VCE 3.1</a></td><td>—</td><td colspan="3"><a href="/facts/Video_Coding_Engine/4L5MLb6K">VCE 2.0</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Video_Coding_Engine/4L5MLb6K">VCE 3.4</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3">AMD Fluid Motion</td><td colspan="3"></td><td colspan="4"></td><td colspan="7"></td><td colspan="2"></td><td colspan="3"></td><td colspan="4"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3">GPU power saving</td><td><a href="/facts/AMD_PowerPlay/By12rf5S">PowerPlay</a></td><td colspan="13"><a href="/facts/AMD_PowerTune/NMNAqExx">PowerTune</a></td><td><a href="/facts/AMD_PowerPlay/By12rf5S">PowerPlay</a></td><td colspan="8"><a href="/facts/AMD_PowerTune/NMNAqExx">PowerTune</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:39" href="#fn:39"><sup>39</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"><a href="/facts/AMD_TrueAudio/085nbPwY">TrueAudio</a></td><td colspan="3" rowspan="2">—</td><td colspan="7"><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:40" href="#fn:40"><sup>40</sup></a></td><td colspan="4">?</td><td rowspan="2">—</td><td colspan="8"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"><a href="/facts/FreeSync/UzEbg48y">FreeSync</a></td><td colspan="11">12</td><td colspan="88">12</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"><a href="/facts/HDCP/zYhpvdCz">HDCP</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:41" href="#fn:41"><sup>41</sup></a></td><td colspan="3">?</td><td colspan="4">1.4</td><td colspan="4">2.2</td><td colspan="3">2.3</td><td>?</td><td colspan="4">1.4</td><td colspan="3">2.2</td><td>2.3</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"><a href="/facts/PlayReady/Cc0XStVx">PlayReady</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:42" href="#fn:42"><sup>42</sup></a></td><td colspan="7">—</td><td colspan="7">3.0 not yet</td><td colspan="5">—</td><td colspan="4">3.0 not yet</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"><a href="/facts/AMD_Eyefinity/Rnw8Qk1v">Supported displays</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:43" href="#fn:43"><sup>43</sup></a></td><td>2–3</td><td colspan="4">2–4</td><td colspan="2">3</td><td colspan="2">3 (desktop)4 (mobile, embedded)</td><td colspan="5">4</td><td colspan="4">2</td><td>3</td><td>4</td><td></td><td colspan="2">4</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3">/drm/radeon<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:44" href="#fn:44"><sup>44</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:45" href="#fn:45"><sup>45</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:46" href="#fn:46"><sup>46</sup></a></td><td colspan="6"></td><td colspan="8">—</td><td colspan="4"></td><td colspan="5">—</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3">/drm/amdgpu<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:47" href="#fn:47"><sup>47</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:48" href="#fn:48"><sup>48</sup></a></td><td colspan="3">—</td><td colspan="11"><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:49" href="#fn:49"><sup>49</sup></a></td><td>—</td><td colspan="8"><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:50" href="#fn:50"><sup>50</sup></a></td></tr></tbody></table> <h2 id="apu-or-radeon-graphics-branded-platforms">APU or Radeon Graphics branded platforms</h2> <p class="note">For a more comprehensive list, see <a href="/facts/List_of_AMD_processors_with_3D_graphics/62q8zqca">List of AMD processors with 3D graphics</a>.</p> <p>AMD APUs have CPU modules, cache, and a discrete-class graphics processor, all on the same die using the same bus. This architecture allows for the use of graphics accelerators, such as OpenCL, with the integrated graphics processor.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:51" href="#fn:51"><sup>51</sup></a> The goal is to create a "fully integrated" APU, which, according to AMD, will eventually feature 'heterogeneous cores' capable of processing both CPU and GPU work automatically, depending on the workload requirement.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:52" href="#fn:52"><sup>52</sup></a> </p> <h3><a href="/facts/TeraScale_(microarchitecture)/Yt6jwq9b">TeraScale</a>-based GPU</h3> <h4> K10 architecture (2011): Llano</h4> <p class="note">Main article: <a href="/facts/AMD_10h/2hQAazep">AMD 10h</a></p> <ul><li>"Stars" <a href="/facts/AMD_10h/2hQAazep">AMD K10</a>-cores<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:53" href="#fn:53"><sup>53</sup></a></li> <li>Integrated <a href="/facts/Radeon_HD_5000_series/RvyDSDdz">Evergreen/VLIW5</a>-based GPU (branded <a href="/facts/Radeon_HD_6000_series/oFFj55YU">Radeon HD 6000 series</a>)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Northbridge_(computing)/XFbfH4Kl">Northbridge</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:54" href="#fn:54"><sup>54</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:55" href="#fn:55"><sup>55</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/PCIe/ADhsLCUK">PCIe</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:56" href="#fn:56"><sup>56</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:57" href="#fn:57"><sup>57</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/DDR3/1R1CTNv3">DDR3</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:58" href="#fn:58"><sup>58</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:59" href="#fn:59"><sup>59</sup></a> <a href="/facts/Memory_controller/tHq2zlws">memory controller</a> to arbitrate between <a href="/facts/Memory_coherence/eJD9GntF">coherent</a> and non-coherent memory requests.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:60" href="#fn:60"><sup>60</sup></a> The <a href="/facts/Primary_storage/wPHKFpdx">physical memory</a> is partitioned between the GPU (up to 512 <a href="/facts/Megabyte/RBF4XpWb">MB</a>) and the CPU (the remainder).<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:61" href="#fn:61"><sup>61</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Unified_Video_Decoder/aQrrwg54">Unified Video Decoder</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:62" href="#fn:62"><sup>62</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:63" href="#fn:63"><sup>63</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/AMD_Eyefinity/Rnw8Qk1v">AMD Eyefinity</a> multi-monitor-support</li></ul> <p>The first generation APU, released in June 2011, was used in both desktops and laptops. It was based on the K10 architecture and built on a 32 nm process featuring two to four CPU cores on a <a href="/facts/Thermal_design_power/Idcy26tM">thermal design power</a> (TDP) of 65-100 W, and integrated graphics based on the Radeon HD 6000 series with support for <a href="/facts/DirectX_11/jyy75wVN">DirectX 11</a>, <a href="/facts/OpenGL/xQoMWePr">OpenGL</a> 4.2 and <a href="/facts/OpenCL/ns8y6np7">OpenCL</a> 1.2. In performance comparisons against the similarly priced <a href="/facts/Sandy_Bridge/os1WwI9l">Intel Core i3-2105</a>, the Llano APU was criticised for its poor CPU performance<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:64" href="#fn:64"><sup>64</sup></a> and praised for its better GPU performance.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:65" href="#fn:65"><sup>65</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:66" href="#fn:66"><sup>66</sup></a> AMD was later criticised for abandoning <a href="/facts/Socket_FM1/vrA6VVSD">Socket FM1</a> after one generation.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:67" href="#fn:67"><sup>67</sup></a> </p> <h4> Bobcat architecture (2011): Ontario, Zacate, Desna, Hondo</h4> <p class="note">Main article: <a href="/facts/Bobcat_(microarchitecture)/EweFKE9J">Bobcat (microarchitecture)</a></p> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Bobcat_(microarchitecture)/EweFKE9J">Bobcat</a>-based CPU</li> <li><a href="/facts/Radeon_HD_5000_series/RvyDSDdz">Evergreen/VLIW5</a>-based GPU (branded <a href="/facts/Radeon_HD_6000_series/oFFj55YU">Radeon HD 6000 series</a> and <a href="/facts/Radeon_HD_7000_series/2jTX6dtY">Radeon HD 7000 series</a>)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Northbridge_(computing)/XFbfH4Kl">Northbridge</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:68" href="#fn:68"><sup>68</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:69" href="#fn:69"><sup>69</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/PCIe/ADhsLCUK">PCIe</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:70" href="#fn:70"><sup>70</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:71" href="#fn:71"><sup>71</sup></a> support.</li> <li><a href="/facts/DDR3_SDRAM/1R1CTNv3">DDR3 SDRAM</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:72" href="#fn:72"><sup>72</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:73" href="#fn:73"><sup>73</sup></a> <a href="/facts/Memory_controller/tHq2zlws">memory controller</a> to arbitrate between <a href="/facts/Memory_coherence/eJD9GntF">coherent</a> and non-coherent memory requests.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:74" href="#fn:74"><sup>74</sup></a> The <a href="/facts/Primary_storage/wPHKFpdx">physical memory</a> is partitioned between the GPU (up to 512 MB) and the CPU (the remainder).<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:75" href="#fn:75"><sup>75</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Unified_Video_Decoder/aQrrwg54">Unified Video Decoder</a> (UVD)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:76" href="#fn:76"><sup>76</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:77" href="#fn:77"><sup>77</sup></a></li></ul> <p>The AMD Brazos platform was introduced on 4 January 2011, targeting the <a href="/facts/Subnotebook/fpb9fQGk">subnotebook</a>, <a href="/facts/Netbook/aExm3tmc">netbook</a> and low power <a href="/facts/Small_form_factor_(desktop_and_motherboard)/HmzVBWJH">small form factor</a> markets.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:78" href="#fn:78"><sup>78</sup></a> It features the 9-watt AMD C-Series APU (codename: Ontario) for netbooks and low power devices as well as the 18-watt AMD E-Series APU (codename: Zacate) for mainstream and value notebooks, <a href="/facts/All-in-One_PC/edFPINdK">all-in-ones</a> and small form factor desktops. Both APUs feature one or two Bobcat x86 cores and a Radeon <a href="/facts/Radeon_HD_5000_series/RvyDSDdz">Evergreen</a> Series GPU with full DirectX11, <a href="/facts/DirectCompute/v2q01LXz">DirectCompute</a> and OpenCL support including <a href="/facts/Unified_Video_Decoder/aQrrwg54">UVD3</a> video acceleration for HD video including <a href="/facts/1080p/Hs7cm6Mv">1080p</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:79" href="#fn:79"><sup>79</sup></a> </p><p>AMD expanded the Brazos platform on 5 June 2011 with the announcement of the 5.9-watt AMD Z-Series APU (codename: Desna) designed for the <a href="/facts/Tablet_computer/6pGX2I7b">Tablet</a> market.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:80" href="#fn:80"><sup>80</sup></a> The Desna APU is based on the 9-watt Ontario APU. Energy savings were achieved by lowering the CPU, GPU and northbridge voltages, reducing the idle clocks of the CPU and GPU as well as introducing a hardware thermal control mode.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:81" href="#fn:81"><sup>81</sup></a> A bidirectional <a href="/facts/AMD_Turbo_Core/1ql0h5BK">turbo core</a> mode was also introduced. </p><p>AMD announced the Brazos-T platform on 9 October 2012. It comprised the 4.5-watt AMD Z-Series APU (codenamed <i>Hondo</i>) and the A55T Fusion Controller Hub (FCH), designed for the tablet computer market.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:82" href="#fn:82"><sup>82</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:83" href="#fn:83"><sup>83</sup></a> The Hondo APU is a redesign of the Desna APU. AMD lowered energy use by optimizing the APU and FCH for tablet computers.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:84" href="#fn:84"><sup>84</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:85" href="#fn:85"><sup>85</sup></a> </p><p>The Deccan platform including Krishna and Wichita APUs were cancelled in 2011. AMD had originally planned to release them in the second half 2012.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:86" href="#fn:86"><sup>86</sup></a> </p> <h4> Piledriver architecture (2012): Trinity and Richland</h4> <p class="note">Main article: <a href="/facts/Piledriver_(microarchitecture)/Fhxly06H">Piledriver (microarchitecture)</a></p> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Piledriver_(microarchitecture)/Fhxly06H">Piledriver</a>-based CPU</li> <li><a href="/facts/Radeon_HD_6000_series/oFFj55YU">Northern Islands/VLIW4</a>-based GPU (branded <a href="/facts/Radeon_HD_7000_series/2jTX6dtY">Radeon HD 7000</a> and <a href="/facts/Radeon_HD_8000_series/7mp8Q3la">8000 series</a>)</li> <li>Unified <a href="/facts/Northbridge_(computing)/XFbfH4Kl">Northbridge</a> – includes AMD Turbo Core 3.0, which enables automatic bidirectional power management between <a href="/facts/CPU/Jxp1bqMV">CPU</a> modules and <a href="/facts/GPU/PTK1RQVp">GPU</a>. Power to the <a href="/facts/CPU/Jxp1bqMV">CPU</a> and <a href="/facts/GPU/PTK1RQVp">GPU</a> is controlled automatically by changing the <a href="/facts/Clock_rate/w055Woaj">clock rate</a> depending on the <a href="/facts/Load_(computing)/J2v5XarQ">load</a>. For example, for a non-<a href="/facts/Overclocking/wNpjgAFI">overclocked</a> A10-5800K APU the <a href="/facts/CPU/Jxp1bqMV">CPU</a> frequency can change from 1.4 GHz to 4.2 GHz, and the <a href="/facts/GPU/PTK1RQVp">GPU</a> frequency can change from 304 MHz to 800 MHz. In addition, CC6 mode is capable of powering down individual CPU cores, while PC6 mode is able to lower the power on the entire rail.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:87" href="#fn:87"><sup>87</sup></a></li> <li>AMD HD Media Accelerator<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:88" href="#fn:88"><sup>88</sup></a> – includes AMD Perfect Picture HD, AMD Quick Stream technology, and AMD Steady Video technology.</li> <li><a href="/facts/Display_controller/ISm9E6Nc">Display controllers</a>: <a href="/facts/AMD_Eyefinity/Rnw8Qk1v">AMD Eyefinity</a>-support for <a href="/facts/Multi-monitor/KnL7NhG0">multi-monitor</a> set-ups, <a href="/facts/HDMI/HuNwzm04">HDMI</a>, <a href="/facts/DisplayPort/rJSvGhBN">DisplayPort</a> 1.2, <a href="/facts/Digital_Visual_Interface/Dpnu9JmB">DVI</a></li></ul> Trinity <p>The first iteration of the second generation platform, released in October 2012, brought improvements to CPU and GPU performance to both desktops and laptops. The platform features 2 to 4 Piledriver CPU cores built on a 32 nm process with a TDP between 65 W and 100 W, and a GPU based on the Radeon HD7000 series with support for DirectX 11, OpenGL 4.2, and OpenCL 1.2. The Trinity APU was praised for the improvements to CPU performance compared to the Llano APU.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:89" href="#fn:89"><sup>89</sup></a> </p> Richland <ul><li>"Enhanced <a href="/facts/Piledriver_(microarchitecture)/Fhxly06H">Piledriver</a>" CPU cores<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:90" href="#fn:90"><sup>90</sup></a></li> <li>Temperature Smart Turbo Core technology. An advancement of the existing Turbo Core technology, which allows internal software to adjust the CPU and GPU clock speed to maximise performance within the constraints of the <a href="/facts/Thermal_design_power/Idcy26tM">Thermal design power</a> of the APU.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:91" href="#fn:91"><sup>91</sup></a></li> <li>New low-power consumption CPUs with only 45 W TDP<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:92" href="#fn:92"><sup>92</sup></a></li></ul> <p>The release of this second iteration of this generation was 12 March 2013 for mobile parts and 5 June 2013 for desktop parts. </p> <h3><a href="/facts/Graphics_Core_Next/WYNvhDUP">Graphics Core Next</a>-based GPU</h3> <h4> Jaguar architecture (2013): Kabini and Temash</h4> <p class="note">Main article: <a href="/facts/Jaguar_(microarchitecture)/PkCbNj9a">Jaguar (microarchitecture)</a></p> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Jaguar_(microarchitecture)/PkCbNj9a">Jaguar</a>-based CPU</li> <li><a href="/facts/Graphics_Core_Next/WYNvhDUP">Graphics Core Next 2nd Gen</a>-based GPU</li> <li><a href="/facts/Socket_AM1/43Q9guVD">Socket AM1</a> and <a href="/facts/Socket_FT3/PC1tK41m">Socket FT3</a> support</li> <li>Target segment desktop and mobile</li></ul> <p>In January 2013 the Jaguar-based Kabini and Temash APUs were unveiled as the successors of the Bobcat-based Ontario, Zacate and Hondo APUs.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:93" href="#fn:93"><sup>93</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:94" href="#fn:94"><sup>94</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:95" href="#fn:95"><sup>95</sup></a> The Kabini APU is aimed at the low-power, subnotebook, netbook, ultra-thin and small form factor markets, while the Temash APU is aimed at the tablet, ultra-low power and small form factor markets.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:96" href="#fn:96"><sup>96</sup></a> The two to four Jaguar cores of the Kabini and Temash APUs feature numerous architectural improvements regarding power requirement and performance, such as support for newer x86-instructions, a higher <a href="/facts/Instructions_per_cycle/nHl8f6Ho">IPC</a> count, a CC6 power state mode and <a href="/facts/Clock_gating/u2nGKGPm">clock gating</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:97" href="#fn:97"><sup>97</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:98" href="#fn:98"><sup>98</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:99" href="#fn:99"><sup>99</sup></a> Kabini and Temash are AMD's first, and also the first ever quad-core x86 based <a href="/facts/System_on_a_chip/1RVvVe6N">SoCs</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:100" href="#fn:100"><sup>100</sup></a> The integrated <a href="/facts/A85X/AesBnfxQ">Fusion Controller Hubs</a> (FCH) for Kabini and Temash are codenamed "Yangtze" and "Salton", respectively.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:101" href="#fn:101"><sup>101</sup></a> The Yangtze FCH features support for two USB 3.0 ports, two SATA 6 Gbit/s ports, as well as the xHCI 1.0 and SD/SDIO 3.0 protocols for SD-card support.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:102" href="#fn:102"><sup>102</sup></a> Both chips feature DirectX 11.1-compliant <a href="/facts/Graphics_Core_Next/WYNvhDUP">GCN</a>-based graphics as well as numerous HSA improvements.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:103" href="#fn:103"><sup>103</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:104" href="#fn:104"><sup>104</sup></a> They were fabricated at a 28 nm process in an FT3 <a href="/facts/Ball_grid_array/0sjfGthJ">ball grid array</a> package by <a href="/facts/TSMC/B4BdojRk">Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company</a> (TSMC), and were released on 23 May 2013.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:105" href="#fn:105"><sup>105</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:106" href="#fn:106"><sup>106</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:107" href="#fn:107"><sup>107</sup></a> </p><p>The PlayStation 4 and Xbox One were revealed to both be powered by 8-core semi-custom Jaguar-derived APUs. </p> <h4> Steamroller architecture (2014): Kaveri</h4> <p class="note">Main article: <a href="/facts/Steamroller_(microarchitecture)/SxtLaauz">Steamroller (microarchitecture)</a></p> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Steamroller_(microarchitecture)/SxtLaauz">Steamroller</a>-based CPU with 2–4 cores<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:108" href="#fn:108"><sup>108</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Graphics_Core_Next/WYNvhDUP">Graphics Core Next 2nd Gen</a>-based GPU with 192–512 shader processors<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:109" href="#fn:109"><sup>109</sup></a></li> <li>15–95 W thermal design power<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:110" href="#fn:110"><sup>110</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:111" href="#fn:111"><sup>111</sup></a></li> <li>Fastest mobile processor of this series: AMD FX-7600P (35 W)</li> <li>Fastest desktop processor of this series: AMD A10-7850K (95 W)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Socket_FM2%2B/GQlcTMJW">Socket FM2+</a> and <a href="/facts/Socket_FP3/7vDcpQfR">Socket FP3</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:112" href="#fn:112"><sup>112</sup></a></li> <li>Target segment desktop and mobile</li> <li><a href="/facts/Heterogeneous_System_Architecture/uwayMPnT">Heterogeneous System Architecture</a>-enabled <a href="/facts/Zero-copy/cc13RBxU">zero-copying</a> through <a href="/facts/Pointer_(computer_programming)/fPoNzy9b">pointer</a> passing</li></ul> <p>The third generation of the platform, codenamed Kaveri, was partly released on 14 January 2014.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:113" href="#fn:113"><sup>113</sup></a> Kaveri contains up to four Steamroller CPU cores clocked to 3.9 GHz with a turbo mode of 4.1 GHz, up to a 512-core Graphics Core Next GPU, two decode units per module instead of one (which allows each core to decode four instructions per cycle instead of two), AMD TrueAudio,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:114" href="#fn:114"><sup>114</sup></a> <a href="/facts/Mantle_(API)/6TzJ60sh">Mantle API</a>,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:115" href="#fn:115"><sup>115</sup></a> an on-chip ARM Cortex-A5 MPCore,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:116" href="#fn:116"><sup>116</sup></a> and will release with a new socket, FM2+.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:117" href="#fn:117"><sup>117</sup></a> Ian Cutress and Rahul Garg of <a href="/facts/Anandtech/as9JU8ER">Anandtech</a> asserted that Kaveri represented the unified system-on-a-chip realization of AMD's acquisition of ATI. The performance of the 45 W A8-7600 Kaveri APU was found to be similar to that of the 100 W Richland part, leading to the claim that AMD made significant improvements in on-die graphics performance per watt;<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:118" href="#fn:118"><sup>118</sup></a> however, CPU performance was found to lag behind similarly specified Intel processors, a lag that was unlikely to be resolved in the Bulldozer family APUs.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:119" href="#fn:119"><sup>119</sup></a> The A8-7600 component was delayed from a Q1 launch to an H1 launch because the Steamroller architecture components allegedly did not scale well at higher clock speeds.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:120" href="#fn:120"><sup>120</sup></a> </p><p>AMD announced the release of the Kaveri APU for the mobile market on 4 June 2014 at <a href="/facts/Computex/lmhhc4df">Computex</a> 2014,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:121" href="#fn:121"><sup>121</sup></a> shortly after the accidental announcement on the AMD website on 26 May 2014.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:122" href="#fn:122"><sup>122</sup></a> The announcement included components targeted at the standard voltage, low-voltage, and ultra-low voltage segments of the market. In early-access performance testing of a Kaveri prototype laptop, AnandTech found that the 35 W FX-7600P was competitive with the similarly priced 17 W Intel i7-4500U in synthetic CPU-focused benchmarks, and was significantly better than previous integrated GPU systems on GPU-focused benchmarks.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:123" href="#fn:123"><sup>123</sup></a> <a href="/facts/Tom%27s_Hardware/mmvt16oL">Tom's Hardware</a> reported the performance of the Kaveri FX-7600P against the 35 W <a href="/facts/Haswell_(microarchitecture)/C19Wlzhm">Intel i7-4702MQ</a>, finding that the i7-4702MQ was significantly better than the FX-7600P in synthetic CPU-focused benchmarks, whereas the FX-7600P was significantly better than the i7-4702MQ's <a href="/facts/Intel_HD_and_Iris_Graphics/p87h2lSE">Intel HD 4600</a> iGPU in the four games that could be tested in the time available to the team.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:124" href="#fn:124"><sup>124</sup></a> </p> <h4> Puma architecture (2014): Beema and Mullins</h4> <p class="note">Main article: <a href="/facts/Puma_(microarchitecture)/ujJ1MBg1">Puma (microarchitecture)</a></p> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Puma_(microarchitecture)/ujJ1MBg1">Puma</a>-based CPU</li> <li><a href="/facts/Graphics_Core_Next/WYNvhDUP">Graphics Core Next 2nd Gen</a>-based GPU with 128 shader processors</li> <li><a href="/facts/Socket_FT3/PC1tK41m">Socket FT3</a></li> <li>Target segment ultra-mobile</li></ul> <h4> Puma+ architecture (2015): Carrizo-L</h4> <p class="note">Main article: <a href="/facts/Puma_(microarchitecture)/ujJ1MBg1">Puma (microarchitecture) § Puma+</a></p> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Puma_(microarchitecture)/ujJ1MBg1">Puma+</a>-based CPU with 2–4 cores<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:125" href="#fn:125"><sup>125</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Graphics_Core_Next/WYNvhDUP">Graphics Core Next 2nd Gen</a>-based GPU with 128 shader processors<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:126" href="#fn:126"><sup>126</sup></a></li> <li>12–25 W configurable TDP<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:127" href="#fn:127"><sup>127</sup></a></li> <li>Socket FP4 support; pin-compatible with Carrizo<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:128" href="#fn:128"><sup>128</sup></a></li> <li>Target segment mobile and ultra-mobile</li></ul> <h4> Excavator architecture (2015): Carrizo</h4> <p class="note">Main article: <a href="/facts/Excavator_(microarchitecture)/Bzj9WKGV">Excavator (microarchitecture)</a></p> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Excavator_(microarchitecture)/Bzj9WKGV">Excavator</a>-based CPU with 4 cores<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:129" href="#fn:129"><sup>129</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Graphics_Core_Next/WYNvhDUP">Graphics Core Next 3rd Gen</a>-based GPU</li> <li><a href="/facts/Memory_controller/tHq2zlws">Memory controller</a> supports DDR3 SDRAM at 2133 MHz and DDR4 SDRAM at 1866 MHz<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:130" href="#fn:130"><sup>130</sup></a></li> <li>15–35 W configurable TDP (with the 15 W cTDP unit having reduced performance)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:131" href="#fn:131"><sup>131</sup></a></li> <li>Integrated <a href="/facts/Southbridge_(computing)/K0bg0LSP">southbridge</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:132" href="#fn:132"><sup>132</sup></a></li> <li>Socket FP4</li> <li>Target segment mobile</li> <li>Announced by AMD on <a href="/facts/YouTube/db276jst">YouTube</a> (19 November 2014)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:133" href="#fn:133"><sup>133</sup></a></li></ul> <h4> Steamroller architecture (Q2–Q3 2015): Godavari</h4> <p class="note">Main article: <a href="/facts/Steamroller_(microarchitecture)/SxtLaauz">Steamroller (microarchitecture)</a></p> <ul><li>Update of the desktop Kaveri series with higher clock frequencies or smaller power envelope</li> <li>Steamroller-based CPU with 4 cores<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:134" href="#fn:134"><sup>134</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Graphics_Core_Next/WYNvhDUP">Graphics Core Next 2nd Gen</a>-based GPU</li> <li>Memory controller supports DDR3 SDRAM at 2133 MHz</li> <li>65/95 W TDP with support for configurable TDP</li> <li><a href="/facts/Socket_FM2%2B/GQlcTMJW">Socket FM2+</a></li> <li>Target segment desktop</li> <li>Listed since Q2 2015</li></ul> <h4> Excavator architecture (2016): Bristol Ridge and Stoney Ridge</h4> <p class="note">Main article: <a href="/facts/Excavator_(microarchitecture)/Bzj9WKGV">Excavator (microarchitecture)</a></p> <ul><li>Excavator-based CPU with 2–4 cores</li> <li>1 MB L2 cache per module</li> <li><a href="/facts/Graphics_Core_Next/WYNvhDUP">Graphics Core Next 3rd Gen</a>-based GPU<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:135" href="#fn:135"><sup>135</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:136" href="#fn:136"><sup>136</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:137" href="#fn:137"><sup>137</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:138" href="#fn:138"><sup>138</sup></a></li> <li>Memory controller supports DDR4 SDRAM</li> <li>15/35/45/65 W TDP with support for configurable TDP</li> <li>28 nm</li> <li><a href="/facts/Socket_AM4/MuNKCgeF">Socket AM4</a> for desktop</li> <li>Target segment desktop, mobile and ultra-mobile</li></ul> <h4>Zen architecture (2017): Raven Ridge</h4> <p class="note">Main articles: <a href="/facts/Zen_(microarchitecture)/AjBvqDT7">Zen (microarchitecture)</a> and <a href="/facts/Ryzen/0hKNcAra">Ryzen § APUs: Raven Ridge</a></p> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Zen_(microarchitecture)/AjBvqDT7">Zen</a>-based CPU cores<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:139" href="#fn:139"><sup>139</sup></a> with <a href="/facts/Simultaneous_multithreading/bk8ec9yn">simultaneous multithreading</a> (SMT)</li> <li>512 KB <a href="/facts/L2-Cache/x8BYFcdv">L2 cache</a> per core</li> <li>4 MB L3 cache</li> <li>Precision Boost 2<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:140" href="#fn:140"><sup>140</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Graphics_Core_Next/WYNvhDUP">Graphics Core Next 5th Gen</a> "Vega"-based GPU<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:141" href="#fn:141"><sup>141</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Memory_controller/tHq2zlws">Memory controller</a> supports <a href="/facts/DDR4_SDRAM/70r37baX">DDR4 SDRAM</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Video_Core_Next/I0GL8eMR">Video Core Next</a> as successor of <a href="/facts/Unified_Video_Decoder/aQrrwg54">UVD</a>+<a href="/facts/Video_Coding_Engine/4L5MLb6K">VCE</a></li> <li>14 nm at <a href="/facts/GlobalFoundries/lFTS5fbT">GlobalFoundries</a></li> <li>Socket FP5 for mobile<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:142" href="#fn:142"><sup>142</sup></a> and <a href="/facts/Socket_AM4/MuNKCgeF">AM4</a> for desktop</li> <li>Target segment desktop and mobile</li> <li>Listed since Q4 2017</li></ul> <h4>Zen+ architecture (2018): Picasso</h4> <p class="note">Main articles: <a href="/facts/Zen%2B/1bJfQtRR">Zen+</a> and <a href="/facts/Ryzen/0hKNcAra">Ryzen § APUs: Picasso</a></p> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Zen%2B/1bJfQtRR">Zen+</a>-based CPU microarchitecture<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:143" href="#fn:143"><sup>143</sup></a></li> <li>Refresh of Raven Ridge on 12 nm with improved latency and efficiency/clock frequency. Features similar to Raven Ridge</li> <li>Launched April 2018</li></ul> <h4>Zen 2 architecture (2019): Renoir</h4> <p class="note">Main articles: <a href="/facts/Zen_2/pdL7I80c">Zen 2</a> and <a href="/facts/Ryzen/0hKNcAra">Renoir APUs</a></p> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Zen_2/pdL7I80c">Zen 2</a>-based CPU microarchitecture<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:144" href="#fn:144"><sup>144</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Graphics_Core_Next/WYNvhDUP">Graphics Core Next 5th Gen</a> "Vega"-based GPU<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:145" href="#fn:145"><sup>145</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Video_Core_Next/I0GL8eMR">VCN</a> 2.1<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:146" href="#fn:146"><sup>146</sup></a></li> <li>Memory controller supports DDR4 and <a href="/facts/LPDDR4X/2XdLrg47">LPDDR4X</a> SDRAM up to 4266 MHz<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:147" href="#fn:147"><sup>147</sup></a></li> <li>15 and 45 W TDP for mobile and 35 and 65 W TDP for desktop<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:148" href="#fn:148"><sup>148</sup></a></li> <li>7 nm at <a href="/facts/TSMC/B4BdojRk">TSMC</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:149" href="#fn:149"><sup>149</sup></a></li> <li>Socket FP6 for mobile and <a href="/facts/Socket_AM4/MuNKCgeF">socket AM4</a> for desktop<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:150" href="#fn:150"><sup>150</sup></a></li> <li>Release July 2019<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:151" href="#fn:151"><sup>151</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:152" href="#fn:152"><sup>152</sup></a></li></ul> <h4>Zen 3 architecture (2020): Cezanne</h4> <p class="note">Main articles: <a href="/facts/Zen_3/szGTAfyB">Zen 3</a> and <a href="/facts/Ryzen/0hKNcAra">Cezanne APUs</a></p> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Zen_3/szGTAfyB">Zen 3</a>-based CPU microarchitecture<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:153" href="#fn:153"><sup>153</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Graphics_Core_Next/WYNvhDUP">Graphics Core Next 5th Gen</a> "Vega"-based GPU<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:154" href="#fn:154"><sup>154</sup></a></li> <li>Memory controller supports DDR4 and LPDDR4X SDRAM up to 4266 MHz<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:155" href="#fn:155"><sup>155</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:156" href="#fn:156"><sup>156</sup></a></li> <li>Up to 45 W TDP for mobile;<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:157" href="#fn:157"><sup>157</sup></a> 35W to 65W TDP for desktop.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:158" href="#fn:158"><sup>158</sup></a></li> <li>7 nm at <a href="/facts/TSMC/B4BdojRk">TSMC</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:159" href="#fn:159"><sup>159</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Socket_AM4/MuNKCgeF">Socket AM4</a> for desktop<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:160" href="#fn:160"><sup>160</sup></a></li> <li>Socket FP6 for mobile</li> <li>Released for mobiles early 2021<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:161" href="#fn:161"><sup>161</sup></a> with desktop counterparts released in November 2020.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:162" href="#fn:162"><sup>162</sup></a></li></ul> <h3><a href="/facts/RDNA_(microarchitecture)/tplgu8A1">RDNA</a>-based GPU</h3> <h4> Zen 3+ architecture (2022): Rembrandt</h4> <ul><li>Zen 3+ based CPU microarchitecture<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:163" href="#fn:163"><sup>163</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/RDNA_(microarchitecture)/tplgu8A1">RDNA 2</a>-based GPU<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:164" href="#fn:164"><sup>164</sup></a></li> <li>Memory controller supports DDR5-4800 and LPDDR5-6400<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:165" href="#fn:165"><sup>165</sup></a></li> <li>Up to 45 W TDP for mobile</li> <li>Node: <a href="/facts/TSMC/B4BdojRk">TSMC</a> N6<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:166" href="#fn:166"><sup>166</sup></a></li> <li>Socket FP7 for mobile</li> <li>Released for mobiles early 2022<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:167" href="#fn:167"><sup>167</sup></a></li></ul> <h2 id="see-also">See also</h2> <ul><li><a href="/facts/List_of_AMD_processors_with_3D_graphics/62q8zqca">List of AMD processors with 3D graphics</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Ryzen/0hKNcAra">Ryzen</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/AMD_mobile_platform/Vo4sU5NM">AMD mobile platform</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/List_of_AMD_mobile_microprocessors/XTDTRHX5">List of AMD mobile microprocessors</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Radeon/U6y80fWr">Radeon</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Intel_Graphics_Technology/p87h2lSE">Intel Graphics Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/List_of_Nvidia_graphics_processing_units/AXdfrvKo">List of Nvidia graphics processing units</a></li></ul> <h2 id="external-links">External links</h2> Wikimedia Commons has media related to AMD APUs. <ul><li><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ln8JpfaLvbM">HSA Heterogeneous System Architecture Overview</a> on <a href="/facts/YouTube_video_(identifier)/db276jst">YouTube</a> by Vinod Tipparaju at <a href="/facts/ACM/IEEE_Supercomputing_Conference/vtBfdQHj">SC13</a> in November 2013</li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160514070602/http://www.mpsoc-forum.org/previous/2013/slides/8-Hegde.pdf">HSA and the software ecosystem</a></li> <li><a href="http://www-conf.slac.stanford.edu/xldb2012/talks/xldb2012_wed_1400_MichaelHouston.pdf">HSA</a></li></ul> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>"The rise and fall of AMD: A company on the ropes". 23 April 2013. Retrieved 20 December 2013. <a href="https://arstechnica.com/business/2013/04/amd-on-ropes-from-the-top-of-the-mountain-to-the-deepest-valleys/2/" target="_blank">https://arstechnica.com/business/2013/04/amd-on-ropes-from-the-top-of-the-mountain-to-the-deepest-valleys/2/</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>"The rise and fall of AMD: A company on the ropes". 23 April 2013. Retrieved 20 December 2013. <a href="https://arstechnica.com/business/2013/04/amd-on-ropes-from-the-top-of-the-mountain-to-the-deepest-valleys/2/" target="_blank">https://arstechnica.com/business/2013/04/amd-on-ropes-from-the-top-of-the-mountain-to-the-deepest-valleys/2/</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>William Van Winkle (13 August 2012). "AMD Fusion: How It Started, Where It's Going, And What It Means". Retrieved 20 December 2013. <a href="http://www.tomshardware.com/reviews/fusion-hsa-opencl-history,3262-4.html" target="_blank">http://www.tomshardware.com/reviews/fusion-hsa-opencl-history,3262-4.html</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>AMD (4 January 2011). "AMD Fusion APU Era Begins". Retrieved 24 August 2013. <a href="https://www.amd.com/us/press-releases/Pages/amd-fusion-apu-era-2011jan04.aspx" target="_blank">https://www.amd.com/us/press-releases/Pages/amd-fusion-apu-era-2011jan04.aspx</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>Stokes, Jon (8 February 2010). "AMD reveals Fusion CPU+GPU, to challenge Intel in laptops". Ars Technica. Archived from the original on 10 February 2010. Retrieved 9 February 2010. <a href="https://arstechnica.com/business/news/2010/02/amd-reveals-fusion-cpugpu-to-challege-intel-in-laptops.ars" target="_blank">https://arstechnica.com/business/news/2010/02/amd-reveals-fusion-cpugpu-to-challege-intel-in-laptops.ars</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:6"><p>Kowaliski, Cyril (9 November 2010). "A closer look at AMD's Brazos platform". The Tech Report. Retrieved 15 June 2017. <a href="https://techreport.com/review/19937/a-closer-look-at-amd-brazos-platform" target="_blank">https://techreport.com/review/19937/a-closer-look-at-amd-brazos-platform</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:7"><p>"AMD ditches Fusion branding". Bit-tech. 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"AMD 2010 Financial Analyst Day". Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 January 2016. Retrieved 7 January 2014. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160118024109/http://ir.amd.com/External.File?item=UGFyZW50SUQ9Njk3NTF8Q2hpbGRJRD0tMXxUeXBlPTM=&t=1#page=27" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20160118024109/http://ir.amd.com/External.File?item=UGFyZW50SUQ9Njk3NTF8Q2hpbGRJRD0tMXxUeXBlPTM=&t=1#page=27</a> <a href="#fnref:10" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:11"><p>"AMD reveals its 2012-2013 roadmap, promises 28 nm chips across the board by 2013". Engadget. 2 February 2012. Archived from the original on 2 March 2019. Retrieved 22 August 2012. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190302113624/https://www.engadget.com/2012/02/02/amd-2012-2013-roadmap-APUs-galore/" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20190302113624/https://www.engadget.com/2012/02/02/amd-2012-2013-roadmap-APUs-galore/</a> <a href="#fnref:11" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:12"><p>Kingsley-Hughes, Adrian. "Building an AMD 'Trinity' desktop PC - ZDNet". ZDNet. <a href="https://www.zdnet.com/article/building-an-amd-trinity-desktop-pc/" target="_blank">https://www.zdnet.com/article/building-an-amd-trinity-desktop-pc/</a> <a href="#fnref:12" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:13"><p>"AMD launches "Richland" A-Series APUs: slight speed bump, better power management 404". Archived from the original on 19 July 2013. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130719015106/http://www.techspot.com/news/51909-amd-launches-richland-a-series-apus-slight-speed-bump-better-power-management.html" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20130719015106/http://www.techspot.com/news/51909-amd-launches-richland-a-series-apus-slight-speed-bump-better-power-management.html</a> <a href="#fnref:13" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:14"><p>Taylor, John (21 February 2013). "AMD and The Sony PS4. Allow Me To Elaborate". Archived from the original on 26 May 2013. Retrieved 30 August 2013. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130526191443/http://community.amd.com/community/amd-blogs/amd-unprocessed/blog/2013/02/21/amd-and-the-sony-ps4-allow-me-to-elaborate" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20130526191443/http://community.amd.com/community/amd-blogs/amd-unprocessed/blog/2013/02/21/amd-and-the-sony-ps4-allow-me-to-elaborate</a> <a href="#fnref:14" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:15"><p>"XBox One Revealed". Wired. 21 May 2013. Retrieved 23 May 2013. <a href="https://www.wired.com/gadgetlab/2013/05/xbox-one/" target="_blank">https://www.wired.com/gadgetlab/2013/05/xbox-one/</a> <a href="#fnref:15" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:16"><p>Darren Murph. "AMD announces Temash, Kabini, Richland, and Kaveri APUs at CES 2013 (video)". Retrieved 20 December 2013. <a href="https://www.engadget.com/2013/01/07/amd-temash-kabini-richland-kaveri-apu/" target="_blank">https://www.engadget.com/2013/01/07/amd-temash-kabini-richland-kaveri-apu/</a> <a href="#fnref:16" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:17"><p>Ridley, Jacob (15 November 2017). "AMD Raven Ridge - Ryzen Mobile release date, specs, and performance". Retrieved 30 November 2017. <a href="https://www.pcgamesn.com/amd/amd-raven-ridge-apu" target="_blank">https://www.pcgamesn.com/amd/amd-raven-ridge-apu</a> <a href="#fnref:17" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:18"><p>"The programmer's guide to the APU galaxy" (PDF). <a href="http://developer.amd.com/afds/assets/keynotes/Phil%20Rogers%20Keynote-FINAL.pdf" target="_blank">http://developer.amd.com/afds/assets/keynotes/Phil%20Rogers%20Keynote-FINAL.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:18" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:19"><p>Shimpi, Anand Lal. "AMD Outlines HSA Roadmap: Unified Memory for CPU/GPU in 2013, HSA GPUs in 2014". www.anandtech.com. <a href="https://www.anandtech.com/show/5493/amd-outlines-hsa-roadmap-unified-memory-for-cpugpu-in-2013-hsa-gpus-in-2014" target="_blank">https://www.anandtech.com/show/5493/amd-outlines-hsa-roadmap-unified-memory-for-cpugpu-in-2013-hsa-gpus-in-2014</a> <a href="#fnref:19" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:20"><p>"The programmer's guide to the APU galaxy" (PDF). <a href="http://developer.amd.com/afds/assets/keynotes/Phil%20Rogers%20Keynote-FINAL.pdf" target="_blank">http://developer.amd.com/afds/assets/keynotes/Phil%20Rogers%20Keynote-FINAL.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:20" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:21"><p>"AMD Announces the 7th Generation APU: Excavator mk2 in Bristol Ridge and Stoney Ridge for Notebooks". 31 May 2016. Retrieved 3 January 2020. <a href="https://www.anandtech.com/show/10362/amd-7th-generation-apu-bristol-ridge-stoney-ridge-for-notebooks" target="_blank">https://www.anandtech.com/show/10362/amd-7th-generation-apu-bristol-ridge-stoney-ridge-for-notebooks</a> <a href="#fnref:21" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:22"><p>"AMD Mobile "Carrizo" Family of APUs Designed to Deliver Significant Leap in Performance, Energy Efficiency in 2015" (Press release). 20 November 2014. Retrieved 16 February 2015. <a href="https://www.amd.com/en-us/press-releases/Pages/amd-mobile-carrizo-2014nov20.aspx" target="_blank">https://www.amd.com/en-us/press-releases/Pages/amd-mobile-carrizo-2014nov20.aspx</a> <a href="#fnref:22" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:23"><p>For FM2+ Excavator models: A8-7680, A6-7480 & Athlon X4 845. <a href="#fnref:23" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:24"><p>"The Mobile CPU Comparison Guide Rev. 13.0 Page 5 : AMD Mobile CPU Full List". TechARP.com. Retrieved 13 December 2017. <a href="https://www.techarp.com/guides/mobile-cpu-comparison-guide/5/" target="_blank">https://www.techarp.com/guides/mobile-cpu-comparison-guide/5/</a> <a href="#fnref:24" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:25"><p>A PC would be one node. <a href="#fnref:25" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:26"><p>An APU combines a CPU and a GPU. Both have cores. <a href="#fnref:26" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:27"><p>Requires firmware support. <a href="#fnref:27" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:28"><p>Requires firmware support. <a href="#fnref:28" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:29"><p>Requires firmware support. <a href="#fnref:29" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:30"><p>No SSE4. No SSSE3. <a href="#fnref:30" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:31"><p>"AMD VEGA10 and VEGA11 GPUs spotted in OpenCL driver". VideoCardz.com. Retrieved 6 June 2017. <a href="http://videocardz.com/62250/amd-vega10-and-vega11-gpus-spotted-in-opencl-driver/" target="_blank">http://videocardz.com/62250/amd-vega10-and-vega11-gpus-spotted-in-opencl-driver/</a> <a href="#fnref:31" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:32"><p>"AMD VEGA10 and VEGA11 GPUs spotted in OpenCL driver". VideoCardz.com. Retrieved 6 June 2017. <a href="http://videocardz.com/62250/amd-vega10-and-vega11-gpus-spotted-in-opencl-driver/" target="_blank">http://videocardz.com/62250/amd-vega10-and-vega11-gpus-spotted-in-opencl-driver/</a> <a href="#fnref:32" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:33"><p>Single-precision performance is calculated from the base (or boost) core clock speed based on a FMA operation. <a href="/wiki/Single-precision_floating-point_format" target="_blank">/wiki/Single-precision_floating-point_format</a> <a href="#fnref:33" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:34"><p>Unified shaders : texture mapping units : render output units <a href="/wiki/Unified_shader_model" target="_blank">/wiki/Unified_shader_model</a> <a href="#fnref:34" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:35"><p>Cutress, Ian (1 February 2018). "Zen Cores and Vega: Ryzen APUs for AM4 – AMD Tech Day at CES: 2018 Roadmap Revealed, with Ryzen APUs, Zen+ on 12nm, Vega on 7nm". Anandtech. Retrieved 7 February 2018. <a href="https://www.anandtech.com/show/12233/amd-tech-day-at-ces-2018-roadmap-revealed-with-ryzen-apus-zen-on-12nm-vega-on-7nm/3" target="_blank">https://www.anandtech.com/show/12233/amd-tech-day-at-ces-2018-roadmap-revealed-with-ryzen-apus-zen-on-12nm-vega-on-7nm/3</a> <a href="#fnref:35" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:36"><p>Larabel, Michael (17 November 2017). "Radeon VCN Encode Support Lands in Mesa 17.4 Git". Phoronix. Retrieved 20 November 2017. <a href="https://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=news_item&px=Radeon-VCN-Encode-Lands" target="_blank">https://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=news_item&px=Radeon-VCN-Encode-Lands</a> <a href="#fnref:36" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:37"><p>"AMD Ryzen 5000G 'Cezanne' APU Gets First High-Res Die Shots, 10.7 Billion Transistors In A 180mm2 Package". wccftech. 12 August 2021. Retrieved 25 August 2021. <a href="https://wccftech.com/amd-ryzen-5000g-cezanne-apu-first-high-res-die-shots-10-7-billion-transistors/" target="_blank">https://wccftech.com/amd-ryzen-5000g-cezanne-apu-first-high-res-die-shots-10-7-billion-transistors/</a> <a href="#fnref:37" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:38"><p>"AMD Ryzen 5000G 'Cezanne' APU Gets First High-Res Die Shots, 10.7 Billion Transistors In A 180mm2 Package". wccftech. 12 August 2021. Retrieved 25 August 2021. <a href="https://wccftech.com/amd-ryzen-5000g-cezanne-apu-first-high-res-die-shots-10-7-billion-transistors/" target="_blank">https://wccftech.com/amd-ryzen-5000g-cezanne-apu-first-high-res-die-shots-10-7-billion-transistors/</a> <a href="#fnref:38" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:39"><p>Tony Chen; Jason Greaves, "AMD's Graphics Core Next (GCN) Architecture" (PDF), AMD, retrieved 13 August 2016 <a href="http://meseec.ce.rit.edu/551-projects/fall2014/3-4.pdf" target="_blank">http://meseec.ce.rit.edu/551-projects/fall2014/3-4.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:39" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:40"><p>"A technical look at AMD's Kaveri architecture". Semi Accurate. Retrieved 6 July 2014. <a href="http://semiaccurate.com/2014/01/15/technical-look-amds-kaveri-architecture/" target="_blank">http://semiaccurate.com/2014/01/15/technical-look-amds-kaveri-architecture/</a> <a href="#fnref:40" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:41"><p>To play protected video content, it also requires card, operating system, driver, and application support. A compatible HDCP display is also needed for this. HDCP is mandatory for the output of certain audio formats, placing additional constraints on the multimedia setup. <a href="#fnref:41" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:42"><p>To play protected video content, it also requires card, operating system, driver, and application support. A compatible HDCP display is also needed for this. HDCP is mandatory for the output of certain audio formats, placing additional constraints on the multimedia setup. <a href="#fnref:42" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:43"><p>To feed more than two displays, the additional panels must have native DisplayPort support.[28] Alternatively active DisplayPort-to-DVI/HDMI/VGA adapters can be employed. <a href="/wiki/DisplayPort" target="_blank">/wiki/DisplayPort</a> <a href="#fnref:43" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:44"><p>DRM (Direct Rendering Manager) is a component of the Linux kernel. Support in this table refers to the most current version. <a href="/wiki/Direct_Rendering_Manager" target="_blank">/wiki/Direct_Rendering_Manager</a> <a href="#fnref:44" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:45"><p>Airlie, David (26 November 2009). "DisplayPort supported by KMS driver mainlined into Linux kernel 2.6.33". Retrieved 16 January 2016. <a href="http://airlied.livejournal.com/68805.html" target="_blank">http://airlied.livejournal.com/68805.html</a> <a href="#fnref:45" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:46"><p>"Radeon feature matrix". freedesktop.org. Retrieved 10 January 2016. <a href="http://xorg.freedesktop.org/wiki/RadeonFeature/" target="_blank">http://xorg.freedesktop.org/wiki/RadeonFeature/</a> <a href="#fnref:46" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:47"><p>DRM (Direct Rendering Manager) is a component of the Linux kernel. Support in this table refers to the most current version. <a href="/wiki/Direct_Rendering_Manager" target="_blank">/wiki/Direct_Rendering_Manager</a> <a href="#fnref:47" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:48"><p>Deucher, Alexander (16 September 2015). "XDC2015: AMDGPU" (PDF). Retrieved 16 January 2016. <a href="http://www.x.org/wiki/Events/XDC2015/Program/deucher_zhou_amdgpu.pdf" target="_blank">http://www.x.org/wiki/Events/XDC2015/Program/deucher_zhou_amdgpu.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:48" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:49"><p>Michel Dänzer (17 November 2016). "[ANNOUNCE] xf86-video-amdgpu 1.2.0". lists.x.org. <a href="https://lists.x.org/archives/xorg-announce/2016-November/002741.html" target="_blank">https://lists.x.org/archives/xorg-announce/2016-November/002741.html</a> <a href="#fnref:49" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:50"><p>Michel Dänzer (17 November 2016). "[ANNOUNCE] xf86-video-amdgpu 1.2.0". lists.x.org. <a href="https://lists.x.org/archives/xorg-announce/2016-November/002741.html" target="_blank">https://lists.x.org/archives/xorg-announce/2016-November/002741.html</a> <a href="#fnref:50" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:51"><p>APU101_Final_Jan 2011.pdf <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141228114707/http://phx.corporate-ir.net/External.File?item=UGFyZW50SUQ9ODUyOTR8Q2hpbGRJRD0tMXxUeXBlPTM=&t=1" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20141228114707/http://phx.corporate-ir.net/External.File?item=UGFyZW50SUQ9ODUyOTR8Q2hpbGRJRD0tMXxUeXBlPTM=&t=1</a> <a href="#fnref:51" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:52"><p>Shimpi, Anand Lal. "AMD Outlines HSA Roadmap: Unified Memory for CPU/GPU in 2013, HSA GPUs in 2014". AnandTech. <a href="http://www.anandtech.com/show/5493/amd-outlines-hsa-roadmap-unified-memory-for-cpugpu-in-2013-hsa-gpus-in-2014" target="_blank">http://www.anandtech.com/show/5493/amd-outlines-hsa-roadmap-unified-memory-for-cpugpu-in-2013-hsa-gpus-in-2014</a> <a href="#fnref:52" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:53"><p>"AMD Llano core". Cpu-world.com. 17 March 2014. Retrieved 24 March 2014. <a href="http://www.cpu-world.com/Cores/Llano.html" target="_blank">http://www.cpu-world.com/Cores/Llano.html</a> <a href="#fnref:53" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:54"><p>"The programmer's guide to the APU galaxy" (PDF). <a href="http://developer.amd.com/afds/assets/keynotes/Phil%20Rogers%20Keynote-FINAL.pdf" target="_blank">http://developer.amd.com/afds/assets/keynotes/Phil%20Rogers%20Keynote-FINAL.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:54" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:55"><p>Shimpi, Anand Lal. "AMD Outlines HSA Roadmap: Unified Memory for CPU/GPU in 2013, HSA GPUs in 2014". www.anandtech.com. <a href="https://www.anandtech.com/show/5493/amd-outlines-hsa-roadmap-unified-memory-for-cpugpu-in-2013-hsa-gpus-in-2014" target="_blank">https://www.anandtech.com/show/5493/amd-outlines-hsa-roadmap-unified-memory-for-cpugpu-in-2013-hsa-gpus-in-2014</a> <a href="#fnref:55" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:56"><p>"The programmer's guide to the APU galaxy" (PDF). <a href="http://developer.amd.com/afds/assets/keynotes/Phil%20Rogers%20Keynote-FINAL.pdf" target="_blank">http://developer.amd.com/afds/assets/keynotes/Phil%20Rogers%20Keynote-FINAL.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:56" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:57"><p>Shimpi, Anand Lal. "AMD Outlines HSA Roadmap: Unified Memory for CPU/GPU in 2013, HSA GPUs in 2014". www.anandtech.com. <a href="https://www.anandtech.com/show/5493/amd-outlines-hsa-roadmap-unified-memory-for-cpugpu-in-2013-hsa-gpus-in-2014" target="_blank">https://www.anandtech.com/show/5493/amd-outlines-hsa-roadmap-unified-memory-for-cpugpu-in-2013-hsa-gpus-in-2014</a> <a href="#fnref:57" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:58"><p>"The programmer's guide to the APU galaxy" (PDF). <a href="http://developer.amd.com/afds/assets/keynotes/Phil%20Rogers%20Keynote-FINAL.pdf" target="_blank">http://developer.amd.com/afds/assets/keynotes/Phil%20Rogers%20Keynote-FINAL.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:58" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:59"><p>Shimpi, Anand Lal. "AMD Outlines HSA Roadmap: Unified Memory for CPU/GPU in 2013, HSA GPUs in 2014". www.anandtech.com. <a href="https://www.anandtech.com/show/5493/amd-outlines-hsa-roadmap-unified-memory-for-cpugpu-in-2013-hsa-gpus-in-2014" target="_blank">https://www.anandtech.com/show/5493/amd-outlines-hsa-roadmap-unified-memory-for-cpugpu-in-2013-hsa-gpus-in-2014</a> <a href="#fnref:59" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:60"><p>Kanter, David. "AMD Fusion Architecture and Llano". <a href="https://www.realworldtech.com/fusion-llano/2/" target="_blank">https://www.realworldtech.com/fusion-llano/2/</a> <a href="#fnref:60" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:61"><p>Kanter, David. 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